JP5700684B2 - Power generation output fluctuation compensation system, its control device, program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation output fluctuation complement system that performs complementation corresponding to output fluctuations of power generation using renewable energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation.

  In recent years, various distributed power sources such as solar power generation, wind power generation, fuel cells, and power generation gas engines have been put into practical use and introduced. Adopting such a distributed power source as an in-house power generation facility in a building can be expected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce the amount of power supplied by power companies, or in the event of an earthquake or fire There are various advantages that it is easy to ensure self-supporting stability. Therefore, it is expected that power supply systems using distributed power sources will be widely used in the future.

  Solar power generation and wind power generation are examples of power generation using renewable energy. As is well known, the amount of power generated by such renewable energy-based power generation depends on the amount of solar radiation and on the wind speed, resulting in uncontrollable output fluctuations.

  Note that a gas engine is an engine that is driven by using gas as fuel. The power generation gas engine is a private power generation facility that generates power using the gas engine. The gas appliances and equipment are often used in cogeneration systems that generate heat and electricity, and most of them are based on the same principle as gasoline engines for automobiles.

  The series of steps is as follows. 1. Fuel gas and air are mixed and supplied into the cylinder (combustion chamber) in advance. The air-fuel mixture is compressed by a piston and ignited by electric sparks. 3. The air-fuel mixture after combustion (= combustion gas) expands and pushes down the piston. 4). Finally, the combustion gas is discharged from the cylinder by the piston. When the piston is lowered during the third expansion step, the outside work is performed (converted into a rotational force through the crank mechanism), and the connected generator is rotated to generate power. In addition to commercial and industrial applications, it is used as a gas cogeneration system for homes that can generate electricity with city gas, make hot water using the heat generated, and heat it.

In addition to this, there is a gas turbine as the power of cogeneration.
The fuel cell is a power generation device that generates electricity by chemically reacting hydrogen and oxygen, and can continue to generate power by continuously supplying hydrogen and oxygen.

  By the way, in the power supply system using the distributed power source described above, when the combined use of the renewable energy power generation and the commercial system (the power grid of a large-scale electric power company) is operated (system interconnection), the output fluctuation of the renewable energy causes Commercial systems may be affected. In particular, when photovoltaic power generation is incorporated in a large amount in the power supply system in the future, the output of solar power generation will fluctuate depending on the amount of solar radiation, and the balance between power demand and supply will be lost due to insufficient adjustment capacity on the commercial system side. There may be frequency fluctuations on the top.

  Since there are machines that move depending on the numerical value of the frequency, it is generally not preferable that a frequency fluctuation of ± 0.2 Hz or more occurs in a 50 Hz system. In addition, if only a power company is required to compensate for load fluctuations in a commercial system, a large burden is placed on the power company's ability to adjust for load fluctuations.

  Therefore, in recent years, it has been demanded to operate the distributed power supply individually following the load, and in particular, when solar power generation is introduced, to operate so as to suppress the output fluctuation. If it does in this way, the burden on the electric power company side of load fluctuation control concerning a commercial system can be reduced.

Regarding such a thing, for example, the prior arts of Patent Documents 1 to 4 are known.
Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a connection power flow connected to an electric power system is set as a set value by controlling fluctuations in renewable energy and load by integrating storage battery equipment and private power generation equipment. The technique described in Patent Document 1 is a technique for setting a connection line power flow connected to the power system at one point as a set value.

Patent Document 2 discloses a microgrid system that maintains a balance between power generation and load by performing an operation corresponding to the performance of a distributed power source.
Patent Document 3 describes a load by a control system corresponding to a digital communication network by allowing only one distributed power source having the best load following performance in a microgrid to perform autonomous high-speed load following operation. Disclosed is a control method for a distributed power source that can perform a follow-up operation.

  Patent Document 4 discloses a distributed power supply system that can realize highly accurate load following operation when performing operation control of each distributed power supply.

JP 2008-67484 A JP 2008-67544 A JP 2009-27861 A JP 2010-110088 A

  In the prior art, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, a storage battery is used to prevent the power system from being affected by fluctuations in the output of renewable energy power generation (or to reduce the influence as much as possible). By providing facilities, private power generation facilities, etc., the connection line power flow connected to the power system has been set as a set value.

  However, in this case, it is necessary for each business operator to provide storage battery equipment, private power generation equipment, etc., which is troublesome and costly. In addition, there are cases where it is difficult for some operators to add such facilities. In addition, it is inefficient from the whole to provide the storage battery facility, the private power generation facility, and the like for dealing with the output fluctuation for each renewable energy power generation facility in each place. This means, for example, cost, installation space problems, labor, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

  An object of the present invention is to regenerate a plurality of regenerative energy power generation facilities connected to a large-scale power system using a distributed fuel power generation facility connected to the large-scale power system. Power generation that suppresses fluctuations in power generation output of all renewable energy power generation facilities can be performed with a distributed fuel power generation facility, which can reduce the impact on large-scale power systems caused by fluctuations in the output of renewable energy power generation at low cost and efficiency. It is to provide a power generation output fluctuation complementation system, its control device and the like.

The power generation output fluctuation complementation system of the present invention is connected to a large-scale power system, and the power generation output is supplied to the large-scale power system. A distributed fuel power generation facility installed as a private power generation facility connected to the power system and supplying the power generation output to the large-scale power system; and a control device, the control device via a communication network The power generation amount data collecting means for collecting the power generation amount data of the renewable energy power generation facilities in each place, the composite data generation means for generating the composite data formed by combining the collected power generation amount data, and the generated A power generation amount corresponding to fluctuations in the power generation output of the plurality of renewable energy power generation facilities is obtained based on the composite data, and the obtained power generation amount is used as the distributed fuel power generation. By instructing Bei, having a power generation amount calculating and controlling means for causing the power generation of the power generation amount in the fuel power plant of the distributed.

According to the power generation output fluctuation complementing system of the present invention, its control device, etc., the private power generation equipment connected to the large-scale power system is compared with the renewable energy power generation equipment at a plurality of points, each connected to the large-scale power system. By using the decentralized fuel power generation facility installed as a power generation facility that suppresses fluctuations in the power generation output of all of these renewable energy power generation facilities at multiple locations, it is possible to regenerate efficiently at low cost. The influence on the large-scale power system due to the output fluctuation of energy generation can be suppressed.

(A), (b) is a system block diagram of the power generation output fluctuation complementation system of this example. (A) is an example of the power generation output of renewable energy in various places, and (b) is a diagram showing the synthesis result. It is a figure which shows the image of the process which collects the fluctuation | variation of the several photovoltaic power generation output mentioned above and complements with a gas engine. It is an example of the table which memorize | stores the collection data with a measurement time. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the specific example of the electric power generation amount control of a gas engine power generation equipment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1A and 1B are system configuration diagrams of the power generation output fluctuation compensation system of this example.
Here, FIG. 1A mainly shows a part related to the power system, and FIG. 1B shows a part related to data transmission / reception / control. That is, the power generation output fluctuation compensation system of this example has both the configuration of FIG. 1A and the configuration of FIG.

  In the illustrated example, a solar power generation facility is shown as an example of a renewable energy power generation facility, but this is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, other examples of renewable energy power generation facilities include wind power generation.

From the above, description will be made with reference to both FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b).
First, in FIG. 1A, a power system 1 is a commercial power system (a power network of a large-scale power company; a large-scale power system), for example, a large-scale power system that supplies power with a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. . Therefore, although not particularly illustrated, the power system 1 is also supplied with power generated by a power generation facility (a nuclear power plant, a thermal power plant, a hydroelectric power plant, etc.) of a large-scale power company. Although not particularly illustrated, various loads (factory, office, general household, etc.) are connected to the power system 1 at the end thereof, and naturally, load fluctuations occur as needed. Such a load fluctuation is dealt with by adjusting the amount of power supplied to the power system 1 at any time on the large-scale power company side.

  However, there is a heavy burden on the large-scale power company to deal with fluctuations related to power supply from solar power generation facilities, etc., and the number of solar power generation facilities connected to the power system 1 will increase further. If you do, it may be difficult to respond. For this reason, the power generation output fluctuation complementation system of this example copes with fluctuations related to power supplied from each solar power generation facility or the like to the power system 1 separately from the large-scale power company.

  As an example of the operation of this system, as an example, a business operator having a gas engine power generation facility 3, a data receiving device 6, a control device 10 and the like, which will be described later, contracts with each solar power business operator. It is conceivable to supply the power generation output corresponding to the output fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic power generation company from the gas engine power generation facility 3 to the power system 1.

  As a result, each photovoltaic power generation company installs gas engine power generation facilities, batteries, etc. individually to respond to fluctuations in its own photovoltaic power generation (suppress fluctuations / equalize), etc. It can avoid taking time and effort. Moreover, since it can respond collectively to the output fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation concerning a plurality of photovoltaic power generation companies as a whole, it is possible to efficiently realize low-cost power generation output fluctuation complementation. Furthermore, since the “equalizing effect” described later is also obtained, the output fluctuation of each solar power generation can be easily handled, for example, in a gas engine power generation facility.

  Furthermore, this system also contributes to suppression of frequency fluctuations on the power system 1. That is, as described above, for example, in a 50 Hz system, it is generally not preferable that frequency fluctuations of ± 0.2 Hz or more occur. For this reason, the frequency is usually maintained at 50 Hz or 60 Hz mainly by adjusting and controlling the power generation output of the thermal power plant on the large power company side. However, in the case of thermal power generation, it is possible to cope with fluctuations in the middle period (from the relation of response speed, etc.) (the middle period is, for example, a period of about 1 min to 20 min; or a period of about several minutes to about ten minutes). When solar power generation increases, the adjustment capacity may be insufficient. Even in the case of gas engine power generation (from the relation of response speed, etc.), it is possible to cope with the fluctuations in the middle period. Thus, as will be described later by this system, dealing with fluctuations in the medium cycle on the power system 1 also contributes to suppression of frequency fluctuations on the power system 1. Details will be described later.

  Each photovoltaic power generation facility 2 installed at a plurality of points is connected (system interconnected) to the power system 1. This is, for example, a solar power generation facility that each solar power generation company has as described above. In addition, although it does not specifically limit about said "plural points", when the "equalization effect" mentioned later is considered, the distance between each photovoltaic power generation equipment 2 is separated to some extent or more (for example, several tens km (kilometers) or more) It is desirable to be separated.

Further, one or more gas engine power generation facilities 3 are connected to the power system 1. In the figure, two GEs 3 are connected, but may be one, or may be three or more.
Each of the solar power generation equipment 2 and the gas engine power generation equipment 3 are connected to the power system 1. Basically, it is assumed that all the power generation outputs from the respective solar power generation facilities 2 are supplied to the power system 1 as they are. Similarly, it is assumed that all the power generation output from each gas engine power generation facility 3 is supplied to the power system 1 as it is.

And the control apparatus 10 collects the electric power generation amount (= electric energy supplied to the electric power grid | system 1) by each solar power generation equipment 2 in real time. This is collected via the communication network 4. The communication network 4 is, for example, the Internet. Hereinafter, the Internet will be described as an example, and the Internet 4 may be described.
And the control apparatus 10 adjusts and controls the electric power generation amount of each gas engine power generation equipment 3 based on collection data. Such data collection will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG.1 (b), each said photovoltaic power generation equipment 2 is equipped with general structures, such as a solar panel 2a and an inverter 2b, and an inverter output is supplied to the said electric power grid | system 1. become. The inverter 2b is a photovoltaic power generation inverter. As is well known, an inverter for photovoltaic power generation converts a variable DC (direct current) output of a PV (photovoltaic) cell into a sinusoidal current (AC; alternating current) such as 50 Hz or 60 Hz, and outputs it. Is.

  Here, in this method, the illustrated data transmission device 5 is further provided on each photovoltaic power generation equipment 2 side. The data transmission device 5 has a function of measuring the output value of the inverter 2b and the like in real time (measuring the current power generation amount) and immediately transmitting this to the data reception device 6 via the Internet 4. .

  The data receiving device 6 is connected to the control device 10 and transfers the solar power generation amount sent from each data receiving device 6 to the control device 10. Thus, the control apparatus 10 can collect the photovoltaic power generation output value of each photovoltaic power generation facility 2 in real time. Then, the control device 10 controls the power generation output of the one or more gas engine power generation facilities (GE) 3 based on the collected data.

  In this example, the data receiving device 6 and the control device 10 are separately illustrated and described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the control device 10 may have the function of the data receiving device 6. Good. That is, the control device 10 may perform all of the above-described solar power generation amount data collection, generation of composite data described later, control of the gas engine power generation facility 3, and the like.

  The control device 10 may be, for example, a general-purpose computer (a general personal computer, a server device, or the like). Although not particularly illustrated, an arithmetic processor such as a CPU / MPU, a storage device such as a hard disk or a memory, or a communication function Part. A predetermined program is stored in the storage device in advance, and an arithmetic processor reads out and executes this program, whereby various processing functions of the control device 10 in this description (for example, generation of synthetic data, gas engine power generation equipment 3) And the like, the solar power generation amount data collection may also be performed as described above.

  Here, each of the solar power generation facilities 2 is a solar power generation facility owned by, for example, a medium-scale / small-scale power generation company. Since it is a solar power generation, naturally, the output of the solar power generation changes depending on the weather (how the clouds are applied, how the weather is clear, etc.) and the time at each installation point.

  Conventionally, for such output fluctuation of solar power generation, for example, as in Patent Documents 1 to 4, gas engines, secondary batteries, power storage devices, etc. It corresponded by providing. However, especially for medium-scale / small-scale power generation companies, it is burdensome to perform such a response (especially a large financial burden).

  In addition, installation of facilities for supplementing (suppressing) output fluctuations of photovoltaic power generation at each location is inefficient from the whole, for example, against output fluctuations of photovoltaic power generation facilities at multiple locations. Thus, for example, it is possible to complement (suppress) output fluctuation more efficiently by collectively handling in one place.

  Further, gas engines and gas turbines can sufficiently cope with medium-term fluctuations (for example, fluctuations of a cycle of about several minutes to several tens of minutes). Furthermore, at present, as described above, the large-scale electric power company that manages the electric power system 1 prevents, for example, a frequency fluctuation of ± 0.2 Hz or more from occurring in a 50 Hz system. If this increases, it may become difficult to respond.

  As described above, in this method, the control device 10 causes the gas engine to complement the power generation output fluctuations of the plurality of solar power generation facilities 2 by one or more gas engine power generation facilities (GE) 3. The amount of power generated by the power generation facility (GE) 3 (= the amount supplied to the power system 1) is adjusted and controlled.

  As described above, the power generation output of each solar power generation facility 2 is supplied as it is to the power system 1 regardless of large fluctuations. The gas engine power generation facility (GE) 3 supplies the power generation system 1 with power generation output that complements the above. As a result, this can contribute to suppression of the frequency fluctuation in the power system 1.

  Furthermore, as described above, by responding to short cycle output fluctuations generated from a single photovoltaic power generation facility collectively with respect to output fluctuations of a plurality of photovoltaic power generation facilities, the short cycle component is Because it cancels out and is averaged by the so-called “equalizing effect”, the output fluctuations in the medium period obtained (for example, fluctuations in the period of several minutes to several tens of minutes or in the period of 1 minute to 20 minutes) The output fluctuation can be sufficiently compensated by a gas engine or the like.

Here, the “leveling effect” will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2A shows an example of the power generation output of the photovoltaic power generation facility 2 at each of the four locations shown in FIG. 1A (referred to as points A, B, C, and D). Even if this power generation output varies finely in a short period of time as shown in the figure (short-period output fluctuation), for example, as shown in FIG. As a result, the fluctuation (particularly the fast fluctuation component) of the photovoltaic power generation output is averaged. This is called the “leveling effect”. The combined photovoltaic power generation output (synthetic data) shown in the figure is mainly composed of, for example, the above-mentioned mid-term fluctuation component (for example, fluctuation of a cycle of about several minutes to several tens of minutes). Therefore, even a distributed fuel power generation facility can be adequately supported. Moreover, not only a gas engine but the generator by a gas turbine, a diesel engine, etc. can respond to the said mid-term fluctuation component. Therefore, the gas engine power generation facility 3 in FIG. 1 may be replaced with a gas turbine facility, a diesel engine power generation facility, or the like.

  As described above, when the control device 10 collects the current power generation amount by each solar power generation facility 2 in real time via the Internet 4, the data reception device 6 and the like as described above, based on the collected data, for example, The combined data of the photovoltaic power generation outputs at a plurality of points as shown in FIG. This combined data is obtained, for example, by adding the plurality of photovoltaic power generation amounts to obtain a sum. This process (synthetic data generation process) is executed by, for example, the data receiving device 6 or the control device 10.

  If the control apparatus 10 produces | generates the synthetic | combination data of the photovoltaic power generation output of the said several points, it will control the electric power generation amount of the gas engine power generation equipment 3 based on this. That is, an instruction signal instructing the amount of power generated by the gas engine power generation facility 3 is generated, and this instruction signal is transmitted to the gas engine power generation facility 3 via a signal line (not shown).

  The generation process of the instruction signal may be various and is not particularly limited. For example, for example, “amount of power generated by all photovoltaic power generation facilities 2 + amount of power generation by all gas engine power generation facilities 3” The power generation amount of each gas engine power generation facility 3 is determined so as to have a predetermined constant value, and the determined power generation amount is transmitted to each gas engine power generation facility 3 as the instruction signal.

  The “synthetic data of photovoltaic power generation output at a plurality of points” corresponds to the “power generation amount of all photovoltaic power generation facilities 2”. If the power generation amount indicated by the composite data is PVn, the above “power generation amount of all gas engine power generation facilities 3” is K, and the above constant value is 100, the value of K is calculated by K = 100−PVn. Then, the power generation amount of each gas engine power generation facility 3 is determined by dividing this K by the number of gas engine power generation facilities 3, for example. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 1 (a), there are two gas engine power generation facilities 3, and if the composite data value PV = 70 at a certain point in time is assumed, K = 30. Therefore, the power generation amount of each gas engine power generation facility 3 is “15”. Of course, this is an example, and is not limited to such an example.

In FIG. 3, the image of the process which collects the fluctuation | variation of the several photovoltaic power generation output mentioned above and complements with a gas engine is shown.
As illustrated, the control device 10 collects the outputs (power generation amounts) of the plurality of photovoltaic power generation facilities 2 via the Internet 4 or the like, and calculates, for example, the sum (composite value) of the plurality of power generation amounts. . This combined value indicates a relatively moderate fluctuation (for example, the fluctuation of the medium-term period) as shown in the figure by the “leveling effect”. Based on this combined data, the control device 10 calculates a gas engine output (power generation amount) for complementing a plurality of photovoltaic power generation output fluctuations collectively, and transmits this to the gas engine power generation equipment 3. To do. Thus, for example, it is assumed that the total power generation amount of all the gas engine power generation facilities 3 is as shown in the figure.

  Here, in this method, the power generation power is not supplied to the power system 1 after the fluctuation is suppressed by supplementing the output fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 2 with a gas engine or the like at each place. The power generation outputs of the solar power generation facilities 2 at the four places as shown in 2 (a) are supplied directly to the power system 1. Further, the power generation output of the gas engine power generation facility 3 is also supplied to the power system 1 as it is. Considering the power system 1, the total power output of the plurality of solar power generation facilities 2 is equalized as shown in FIG. 2B and FIG. 3, and the total power output of the gas engine power generation facility 3 is as follows. 3 is also as shown in FIG. 3, and when they are combined (synthesized), the result of “output fluctuation complementation” shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. That is, a substantially constant value is maintained with almost no fluctuation.

  Considering the entire system, this can be regarded as equivalent to the power system 1 that is supplied with the power generation output such as the “output fluctuation compensation result” shown in FIG. That is, it is possible to realize that it is equivalent to supplying a high-quality power generation output with almost no output fluctuation to the power system 1. As a result, frequency fluctuations in the commercial system can be suppressed, and the burden on large-scale electric power companies can be reduced. Furthermore, since the power generation output fluctuation compensation can be performed collectively for the power generation outputs of the plurality of solar power generation facilities 2, the supplement can be performed efficiently, and the above-described “leveling effect” enables the above-mentioned medium term. Compensation for fluctuations will be made, and it will be possible to cope with gas engines, gas turbines, diesel engine generators and the like.

  In the power generation output fluctuation complementing system of the above example, it is assumed that the power generation output of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 2 that is relatively far away is typically collected in real time at one place. Is mainly assumed. Since it takes some time to send and receive data over the Internet and to calculate the output of the synthesized data and the power generation output of the gas engine power generation facility 3, the gas engine power generation facility according to the power generation output of the solar power generation facility 2 at any point in time The power generation output of 3 is determined from, for example, 0. The time is delayed by several seconds to 1 second. However, this is not particularly a problem. This is because the complement is a fluctuation of a period of several minutes to a few dozen minutes due to the above-mentioned “leveling effect”, and a delay of about 1 or 2 seconds is not a problem. This is because 3 itself does not immediately become the power generation amount even if there is an instruction for an arbitrary power generation amount (there is a time lag).

  However, on the other hand, there may be a delay for each communication packet in data transmission / reception via the Internet, so the correct “composite data of photovoltaic power generation output at multiple points” cannot be obtained, and the correct amount of gas engine power generation There may be a case where the indicated value is not obtained.

  That is, in the system of the present example, the individual photovoltaic power generation output value data is acquired by each data transmission device 5, and the photovoltaic power generation output value data at a plurality of points is received via the general-purpose Internet line 4. Collected by the device 6 (control device 10). For example, if the normal delay associated with data transmission / reception via the Internet line 4 is 1 second, for example, the power generation amount data at each point A to D at time “01:02:03” It is received at the time “01:02:04” on the device 6 side. The control device 10 calculates the total sum of the four power generation amount data received at the time “01:02:04”. This is the composite data. For example, if each data transmission device 5 transmits the power generation amount data every second, the control device 10 generates synthetic data every second. In addition, it can be said that FIG. 2, FIG. 3, etc. have shown the synthetic data for predetermined time.

  However, when collecting the photovoltaic power generation output value data using the Internet line 4, a communication delay occurs in part for some reason (a relatively large delay different from the delay associated with the normal communication), and this communication delay. If the photovoltaic power generation output values in which the occurrence of the problem occurs are combined, the photovoltaic power generation output values that are out of time are synthesized, and correct combined data may not be obtained.

  In the above example, for example, only the transmission data from the point B is delayed by 4 seconds. For example, the power generation amount data at the time “01:02:03” is the time “01:02:07” on the data receiving device 6 side. ”. In this case, the combined data related to the reception time “01:02:07” is generated at the time “01:02:06” when the communication delay is 1 second for the other points A, C, and D. Although it is the amount data, only the point B becomes the power generation amount data at the time “01:02:03”, and correct combined data cannot be obtained.

  Therefore, as an example, each measurement time is attached to the photovoltaic power generation amount data at a plurality of points. That is, for example, each data transmission device 5 has a clock function, and each data transmission device 5 obtains the current time from the clock function every time the current amount of photovoltaic power generation is measured from the inverter 2b, and calculates this time. Then, the measurement time is given to the measured photovoltaic power generation amount data and transmitted to the Internet 4. Such photovoltaic power generation amount data with measurement time is collected by the data receiving device 6.

  In addition, you may make it give identification ID which shows not only the measurement time but the photovoltaic power generation amount data of which photovoltaic power generation equipment 2. FIG. In this case, naturally, the identification ID is assigned to each photovoltaic power generation facility 2 in advance.

  Here, in the above description, the generation of the composite data is executed by the control device 10, but the present invention is not limited to this example, and the data reception device 6 may execute it. This example will be used in this description. That is, it is assumed that the data receiving device 6 generates combined data and passes it to the control device 10, and the control device 10 controls the power generation output of the gas engine power generation facility 3 based on the combined data. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the control device 10 may include the function of the data receiving device 6 as described above.

  In this example, from the above, the data reception device 6 stores the collected “photovoltaic power generation data with measurement time” in a storage device (not shown) in the device itself. This is stored in, for example, the table 20 shown in FIG.

  The illustrated table 20 includes data items such as a synthesis time 21, a base time 22, a delay time 23, a synthesis data 24, a measurement time A25, an original data A26, a measurement time B27, an original data B28, a measurement time C29, and an original data C30. Consists of.

  The measurement time A25, the original data A26, the measurement time B27, the original data B28, the measurement time C29, and the original data C30 are fields for storing the collected “photovoltaic power generation data with the measurement time”. It is assumed that the facilities 2 are located at three points, point A, point B, and point C. That is, the measurement time A25 and the original data A26 store the A point, the measurement time B27 and the original data B28 store the B point, and the measurement time C29 and the original data C30 store the measurement time and the photovoltaic power generation data at the C point, respectively. Will be.

  In the delay time 23, a delay time arbitrarily designated in advance (here, 1 second for simplicity) is stored in advance. For example, each time after the current time is stored in the synthesis time 21 in increments of 1 second, for example. The base time 22 stores a time corresponding to “combination time 21 = base time 22 + delay time 23”. In other words, in a normal state, the delay is such that the measurement time of the photovoltaic power generation amount data received at an arbitrary combined time 21 is very likely to be substantially the same as the base time 22. It is desirable to set time 23.

  In any case, after the above data is stored at the synthesis time 21 and the base time 22, the collected data is stored at the measurement time A25 to the original data C30. That is, the data receiving device 6 stores this received data in the corresponding field of the table 20 every time it receives any “photovoltaic power generation data with measurement time” via the Internet 4. Here, the corresponding field is a field of a record whose base time 22 is substantially the same as the reception data measurement time. For example, when the data whose measurement time is “12: 00: 02: 000” is received, the record whose base time 22 is “12: 00: 02: 000” becomes the corresponding record. The field corresponding to the transmission source is the corresponding field. If the transmission source is the point B, the measurement time B27 and the original data B28 in the corresponding record become the corresponding fields, and the measurement time of the received data and the photovoltaic power generation amount data are stored respectively. If there is no time data that matches the base time, the data with the closest measurement time is stored. As a result, even when data does not reach due to poor communication or the like, there is no sudden fluctuation.

  Then, at the time when the data is stored in all of the measurement time A25 to the original data C30 in each record, the composite data (the total sum of all photovoltaic power generation amount data, etc.) is obtained and this is stored in the field of the composite data 24. Store. Then, with respect to the record for which the composite data is calculated, the composite time 21 and composite data 24 are transmitted to the control device 10. The synthesis time 21 corresponds to the horizontal axis of the graph shown in FIG. 2B, for example.

In the illustrated example, the composite data 24 is the sum of the original data (composite data = original data A26 + original data B28 + original data C30).
Here, if the prior art is described based on FIG. 4, in the case of the prior art, only the composite time 21 and each original data (original data A26, original data B28, original data C30) exist, and any photovoltaic power generation Each time the amount data is received, the record having the same composite time 21 as the reception time corresponds to the corresponding record. Therefore, for example, if the photovoltaic power generation data measured at “12: 00: 02: 000” is received at the time “12: 00: 07: 000” after being delayed for some reason, For example, this received data is stored in the record with the combined time 21 of “12: 00: 07: 000”, and correct combined data cannot be obtained.

  On the other hand, in this method, even in such a case, the received data is stored in the record whose base time 22 is “12: 00: 02: 000” (in other words, the record whose composite time 21 is “12: 00: 03: 000”). Will be stored, and synthetic data will be obtained based on the photovoltaic power generation amount data of three places measured at substantially the same time. That is, correct composite data can be obtained.

  As described above, according to this method, it is possible to synthesize photovoltaic power generation outputs having the same measurement time, and to obtain appropriate combined data. Will be obtained. In this way, the output fluctuation compensation can be performed by the gas engine by using the composite value of the photovoltaic power generation output that should obtain an appropriate “leveling effect”.

  In order to obtain the above effect, it is necessary that the times of the clock functions of all the data transmission devices 5 and the data reception devices 6 are the same (the time is accurate). Since the data transmission device 5 and the data reception device 6 are connected to the Internet line 4, the time accuracy can be improved by periodically accessing a time server (not shown) in the Internet and performing time adjustment. Can keep.

  As described above, the solar power generation facility 2 is an example of a renewable energy power generation facility, and is not limited to this example, and may be another renewable energy power generation facility (for example, wind power generation). Good.

  As described above, in the power generation output fluctuation compensation system of this method, the output fluctuations of renewable energy power generation facilities at multiple points are collectively collected on a large-scale power system (commercial system) using gas engine power generation. To compensate for output fluctuations. Control is performed by the control device so that the power generation output of the gas engine or the like is to collectively compensate for the power fluctuation output of the renewable energy power generation facilities at a plurality of points. By handling the power generation output of the renewable energy power generation facilities at multiple points collectively, the fluctuation components that are fast due to the “equalizing effect” are balanced, so that the output fluctuation of the above-mentioned medium-term cycle can be handled by gas engine power generation etc. Complementation can be realized. This is not limited to gas engine power generation equipment, but is also substantially the same for gas turbine power generation equipment, diesel engine power generation equipment, and the like.

  Therefore, a gas turbine power generation facility, a diesel engine power generation facility, or the like may be used instead of the gas engine power generation facility 3 (note that these use a fuel such as city gas or diesel fuel (light oil, heavy oil, etc.). Because they generate electricity, they are collectively referred to as “distributed fuel power generation facilities”).

  The response speed of the gas engine power generation facility is, for example, 2 (% / s) (% with respect to the rated output), and the response speed of the thermal power plant is, for example, 0.5 (% / s). As a result, the gas engine generator can cope with fluctuations having a relatively short cycle when compared with a thermal power plant. For example, as described above, for example, about several minutes to several tens of minutes (or 1 minute to 20 minutes). It is possible to cope with fluctuations in power generation output in the medium-term cycle.

  It is desirable that the renewable energy power generation facilities at the plurality of points are separated from each other to some extent. This is because, when they are close to each other, since the fluctuation pattern of the power generation output is similar, the “leveling effect” may not be sufficiently obtained.

  In this method, power generation data of renewable energy power generation facilities installed at multiple points as described above are collected in real time via the Internet, etc., and regenerated using one or more gas engine power generation facilities 3 etc. Implement output fluctuation compensation for renewable energy generation. However, when using the Internet, a communication delay or the like may occur and the above problem may occur.

  On the other hand, when collecting the power generation data of renewable energy power generation facilities at multiple locations in real time at one location using a general-purpose Internet line, etc., measurement is performed for each output data of renewable energy power generation on the transmission side. The data may be transmitted with a time stamp. As a result, it is possible to synthesize the power generation amount data that matches the measurement time on the control device 10 side, and it is possible to perform output fluctuation complementation based on appropriate synthesized data.

In addition, in this method, it is possible to obtain a “smoothing effect” by a plurality of renewable energy power generations, and to realize output fluctuation complementation of the renewable energy power generation by a distributed fuel power generation facility.
In addition, the prior art of the said patent document 1 is a technique which makes the connection line power flow connected with the electric power system by one point into a setting value, and with respect to the output fluctuation | variation of the several renewable energy power generation of a distant point There is no description or suggestion about the collective response and the accompanying “leveling effect”. This is substantially the same for other prior arts (Patent Documents 2, 3, 4, etc.).

  Patent Document 3 also discloses a communication delay of a digital communication network. However, since there is this delay, only one distributed power source with the best load following performance is allowed to perform independent high-speed load following operation. Therefore, there is no disclosure that suggests the above-described measurement time assignment and generation of composite data based on this measurement time.

  Finally, the power generation amount of the gas engine power generation facility 3 is set so that the above-mentioned “power generation amount of all photovoltaic power generation facilities 2 + power generation amount of all gas engine power generation facilities 3” becomes a predetermined constant value. The “determining” process will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

  In this example, first, it is assumed that the total maximum power generation amount of all the solar power generation facilities 2 is 10,000 (10,000) kw (kilowatt). In the case of solar power generation, the power generation amount becomes “0” at night or the like. Therefore, the power generation amount of the plurality of solar power generation facilities 2 as a whole can vary between 0 and 10,000 kW. In the case of this example, it is conceivable that the total maximum power generation amount of all the gas engine power generation facilities 3 is, for example, about 20000 (20,000) kw. The reason will be described below.

  First, the gas engine power generation equipment 3 is required to maintain, for example, a power generation output of 50% or more during operation due to its characteristics. Therefore, in the case of the example in which the total maximum power generation amount is 20,000 kW as described above, it is necessary to operate while maintaining a power generation output of 10,000 kw or more, and the total power generation amount is between 10,000 and 20,000 kW. It can vary.

  FIG. 5A shows a variation example of the power generation amount of the entire solar power generation facility 2 based on the above and the power generation amount of the entire gas engine power generation facility 3 according to this variation example. A variation example of the power generation amount of the entire solar power generation facility 2 is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and a power generation amount of the entire gas engine power generation facility 3 corresponding to the variation example is indicated by a solid line.

In the following description, although not described one by one, the power generation amount means the total power generation amount for both sunlight and gas engines.
In FIG. 5A, the horizontal axis represents time (t), and the vertical axis represents each power generation amount in% (percentage) with respect to the maximum power generation amount. The vertical axis on the right side of the figure corresponds to the amount of photovoltaic power generation, and the vertical axis on the left side of the figure corresponds to the amount of power generation of the gas engine. As shown in the figure, the power generation amount of the gas engine can vary between 50% and 100% of the power generation output (that is, the variable range of the power generation output is between 10,000 and 20,000 kW). On the other hand, the amount of photovoltaic power generation can vary between a power generation output of 0% to 100% (that is, a power generation output of 0 to 10,000 kW).

  Here, when the photovoltaic power generation amount fluctuates as shown by a one-dot chain line as shown in the figure, control is performed so that the gas engine power generation amount becomes as shown by a solid line as shown in the figure. That is, for example, when the solar power generation output is 100%, the gas engine power generation amount is controlled to be the lowest value in the above variable range, that is, the power generation output 50% (10,000 kW). Further, for example, when the solar power generation output is 0%, the gas engine power generation amount is controlled to be the maximum value in the above variable range, that is, the power generation output 100% (20,000 kW).

  Thus, in this example, “power generation amount of all photovoltaic power generation facilities 2 + power generation amount of all gas engine power generation facilities 3” is always controlled to be 20,000 kW. This control method may be various, for example, at each time (t), by subtracting the “power generation amount of all photovoltaic power generation facilities 2” (composite data value) at that time from the above 20,000 kW. The “power generation amount of all gas engine power generation facilities 3” may be calculated. Then, by dividing the obtained “power generation amount of all gas engine power generation facilities 3” by, for example, the number of gas engine power generation facilities 3, the power generation amount instruction value of each gas engine power generation facility 3 may be obtained. . Of course, this power generation amount instruction value is transmitted to each gas engine power generation facility 3.

  Or you may make it produce | generate the electric power generation amount instruction | indication signal of each said gas engine power generation equipment 3 by the structure shown, for example in FIG.5 (b). The configuration shown in the figure includes a filter circuit 41, an adder / subtractor 42, a PID controller 43, and the like, and inputs the synthesized data. The input combined data and this combined data filtered by a filter circuit 41 (such as a low-pass filter; or a filter that passes only a frequency component in a range that the gas engine can follow) are added and subtracted by an adder / subtractor 42 (filter). Subtract input signal from later signal). The addition / subtraction result by the adder / subtractor 42 is input to the PID controller 43. The PID controller 43 outputs an output corresponding to this input. Note that the PID controller is a general one, and is not particularly described here.

  The output of the PID controller 43 may be the power generation amount instruction signal of the gas engine power generation facility 3, or the output of the PID controller 43 plus the base signal may be the power generation amount instruction signal. Note that, for example, the above-described variable range (50% to 100% range) of the power generation amount of the gas engine shown in FIG. 5A can be regarded as a range of 25% up and down centering on 75%. The “75%” may be used as the base signal.

  From the above, the power generation output fluctuation complementation system of this example is, for example, connected to a large-scale power system, and each of the renewable energy installed at a plurality of points that supplies the power generation output to the large-scale power system. It can be said that the control apparatus 10 includes a power generation facility, a distributed fuel power generation facility that is connected to the large-scale power system and supplies the power generation output to the large-scale power system.

  The renewable energy power generation facility is, for example, a solar power generation facility 2 or a wind power generation facility. The distributed fuel power generation facility is, for example, a gas engine power generation facility (GE) 3, a gas turbine power generation facility, a diesel engine power generation facility, or the like.

  It can be said that the control device 10 has functions of the following functional units (not shown), for example, by executing the program. In other words, it can be said that the program causes the control device 10 (computer) to realize the functions of the following functional units (not shown).

  That is, the control device 10 combines, for example, a power generation amount data collection unit that collects the power generation amount data of the renewable energy power generation facilities in the above-described places and a plurality of the collected power generation amount data via a communication network. A combined data generation unit that generates data; and, based on the generated combined data, determine a power generation amount corresponding to fluctuations in power generation output of the plurality of renewable energy power generation facilities as a whole. By instructing the fuel power generation facility, it can be said that the power generation amount calculation / control unit causes the distributed fuel power generation facility to generate the power generation amount.

  And as already explained, for example, by synthesizing the power generation output of each of the above-mentioned renewable energy power generation facilities, the variation becomes a medium-term cycle variation due to a leveling effect, and the distributed fuel power generation facility It will be possible to cope with.

In addition, it can be said that the composite data has frequency component fluctuations (short-term fluctuations) averaged by a leveling effect, and can be said to mainly have the above-mentioned medium-term cycle fluctuation components.
In addition, for example, for each of the renewable energy power generation facilities at each of the plurality of locations, a data transmission device 5 that measures the power generation amount of the own facility and transmits the measurement time together with the measurement time to the control device 10 is provided. Also good. In this case, when the combined data generation unit of the control device 10 combines the power generation amount of each renewable energy power generation facility as described above, the power generation amounts measured at substantially the same time based on the measurement time are calculated. You may make it synthesize | combine.

1 Power System 2 Solar Power Generation Equipment 3 Gas Engine Power Generation Equipment (GE)
4 Communication network (Internet)
5 Data Transmitting Device 6 Data Receiving Device 10 Control Device 20 Table 21 Combining Time 22 Base Time 23 Delay Time 24 Synthetic Data 25 Measuring Time A
26 Original data A
27 Measurement time B
28 Original data B
29 Measurement time C
30 original data C
41 filter circuit 42 adder / subtractor 43 PID controller

Claims (6)

Renewable energy power generation facilities respectively installed at a plurality of points, each connected to a large-scale power system and supplying the generated power output to the large-scale power system;
A distributed fuel power generation facility connected to the large-scale power system and installed as a private power generation facility that supplies the power generation output to the large-scale power system;
A control device,
The control device
A power generation amount data collecting means for collecting power generation amount data of the renewable energy power generation facilities in each place via a communication network;
Combined data generating means for generating combined data formed by combining the collected power generation amount data;
By determining a power generation amount corresponding to fluctuations in power generation output of the plurality of renewable energy power generation facilities based on the generated composite data, and instructing the calculated power generation amount to the distributed fuel power generation facility, A power generation amount calculation / control means for causing the distributed fuel power generation facility to generate the power generation amount;
A power generation output fluctuation complementation system characterized by comprising: The communication network is the Internet;
The distributed fuel power generation facility is a gas engine power generation facility or a gas turbine power generation facility or a diesel engine power generation facility,
The power generation output fluctuation complementation system according to claim 1, wherein fluctuations in the composite data due to fluctuations in the power generation output of each of the renewable energy power generation facilities are easily handled by the distributed fuel power generation facilities. 3. The power generation output fluctuation complementing system according to claim 2, wherein the composite data is obtained by leveling a fluctuation of an output component of the renewable energy power generation facility by a leveling effect. For each renewable energy power generation facility in each of the plurality of locations, a data transmission device that measures the power generation amount of its own facility and transmits it to the control device via the communication network together with the measurement time,
The combined data generation unit combines the power generation amounts measured at substantially the same time based on the measurement time when combining the power generation amounts of the renewable energy power generation facilities. The power generation output fluctuation compensation system according to any one of? Amount of power generated by collecting power generation amount data via a communication network from renewable energy power generation facilities installed at multiple points, each connected to a large-scale power system and supplying its power generation output to the large-scale power system Data collection means;
Combined data generating means for generating combined data formed by combining the collected power generation amount data;
Based on the generated composite data, a power generation amount corresponding to fluctuations in power generation output of the plurality of renewable energy power generation facilities is obtained, and the power generation amount obtained is connected to the large-scale power system and the power generation output is A power generation amount calculation / control means for instructing the distributed fuel power generation facility to generate the power generation amount by instructing the distributed fuel power generation facility installed as a private power generation facility to be supplied to a large-scale power system;
A control device comprising: Amount of power generated by collecting power generation amount data via a communication network from renewable energy power generation facilities installed at multiple points, each connected to a large-scale power system and supplying its power generation output to the large-scale power system Data collection means;
Combined data generating means for generating combined data formed by combining the collected power generation amount data;
Based on the generated composite data, a power generation amount corresponding to fluctuations in power generation output of the plurality of renewable energy power generation facilities is obtained, and the power generation amount obtained is connected to the large-scale power system and the power generation output is Power generation amount calculation / control means for instructing the distributed fuel power generation facility to generate the power generation amount by instructing the distributed fuel power generation facility installed as a private power generation facility that supplies a large-scale power system,
Program to function as.