JP5608580B2 - Endoscope - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an endoscope capable of direct view observation and side view observation.

  In recent years, endoscopes are required to have a function of performing direct-view observation for observing the front of the insertion portion and side-view observation for observing the side of the insertion portion. Therefore, the endoscope includes a direct-view observation unit for direct-view observation and a side-view observation unit for side-view observation.

  Such an endoscope is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. In Patent Document 1, the endoscope switches the observation direction between direct observation and side observation. In the endoscope, three illumination lenses that are illumination units are arranged between the direct-viewing observation unit and the side-viewing observation unit.

JP-A-11-137512

  In the endoscope disclosed in Patent Document 1, direct-view observation and side-view observation cannot be performed simultaneously, and observation is inconvenient.

  Further, for example, since direct-view observation is performed, there is a possibility that only one illumination lens disposed on the same plane as the direct-view observation unit is used. In this case, when the illumination lens is close to the observation object, the reflected light reflected from the observation object causes halation in the direct-view observation unit, which makes direct-view observation difficult. This also applies to side-view observation.

  Therefore, in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope that can suppress the occurrence of halation and can perform direct-view observation and side-view observation at the same time.

  In order to achieve the object of the present invention, an insertion portion having a tip portion, a first protrusion portion disposed on the tip surface of the tip portion and projecting forward from the tip surface of the tip portion, A direct-view observation unit that is disposed on a front end surface of the first protrusion and that directly observes the front of the front end surface of the first protrusion in the insertion direction of the insertion unit; and a side surface of the first protrusion. And a side-view observation unit for side-viewing the side of the first protrusion, and a tip-view surface of the tip portion, projecting forward from the tip surface of the tip portion, A second protrusion adjacent to the first protrusion in the planar direction of the tip surface of the portion, and a corner portion of the tip surface and side surface of the second protrusion, Both side illumination parts that emit illumination light simultaneously toward the front and side for side-view observation, Providing an endoscope, characterized by Bei.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an endoscope that can suppress the occurrence of halation and can perform direct-view observation and side-view observation at the same time.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an endoscope system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the distal end hard portion. FIG. 3 is a front view of the hard tip portion. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 shown in FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 shown in FIG. FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an endoscopic image in a case where the both-side illumination unit is not provided. FIG. 6B is a diagram showing an endoscopic image of the present embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, and 6B. For example, in order to simplify the illustration of the first projecting portion 51 in FIG. 1, some members are omitted for simplification of the illustration.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an endoscope system 10 includes, for example, an endoscope 12 that images a desired observation target, a control device 14 (eg, a video processor) that is detachably connected to the endoscope 12, and a control. It has the monitor 16 which is a display part which is connected with the apparatus 14 and displays the observation target object imaged with the endoscope 12, and the light source device 18 which radiate | emits illumination light. The observation object is an affected part or a lesion part in a subject (for example, a body cavity).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the endoscope 12 includes a hollow elongate insertion portion 20 that is inserted into a body cavity of a patient, and an operation portion 30 that is connected to a proximal end portion of the insertion portion 20 and operates the endoscope 12. Are arranged.

  The insertion portion 20 includes a distal end hard portion 21, a bending portion 23, and a flexible tube portion 25 from the distal end side to the proximal end portion side of the insertion portion 20. The proximal end portion of the distal end hard portion 21 is connected to the distal end portion of the bending portion 23, and the proximal end portion of the bending portion 23 is connected to the proximal end portion of the flexible tube portion 25.

  The distal end hard portion 21 is the distal end portion of the insertion portion 20 and the distal end portion of the endoscope 12 and is hard. Details of the distal end hard portion 21 will be described later.

  The bending portion 23 is bent in a desired direction, for example, up, down, left, and right, by an operation of a bending operation unit 37 described later. When the bending portion 23 is bent, the position and orientation of the distal end hard portion 21 change, the observation object is captured in the observation field, and the illumination light is illuminated on the observation object. The bending portion 23 is configured by connecting a node ring (not shown) so as to be rotatable along the longitudinal axis direction of the insertion portion 20. The node ring is covered with a mesh tube (not shown), and the mesh tube (not shown) is covered with a shell (not shown) such as resin or rubber.

  The flexible tube portion 25 has a desired flexibility and is bent by an external force. The flexible tube portion 25 is a tubular member that extends from a body portion 31 (described later) of the operation portion 30.

  The operation unit 30 includes a main body 31 from which the flexible tube portion 25 extends, a grip 33 connected to a base end of the main body 31 and gripped by an operator who operates the endoscope 12, and a grip And a universal cord 41 connected to the portion 33.

  In the main body 31, a treatment instrument insertion port 35a is disposed. The proximal end portion of the treatment instrument insertion channel 35 is connected to the treatment instrument insertion port 35a. The treatment instrument insertion channel 35 is disposed from the flexible tube portion 25 to the distal end hard portion 21 in the insertion portion 20. The treatment tool insertion port 35 a is an insertion port for inserting an endoscope treatment tool (not shown) into the treatment tool insertion channel 35. An endoscope treatment tool (not shown) is inserted into the treatment tool insertion channel 35 from the treatment tool insertion port 35a and pushed into the distal end hard portion 21 side. Then, the endoscope treatment tool protrudes from the channel distal end opening 103 of the treatment instrument insertion channel 35 disposed in the distal rigid portion 21 as shown in FIG.

  The grip 33 is provided with a bending operation unit 37 that performs a bending operation on the bending unit 23.

  The grip portion 33 is provided with a switch portion 39 having a suction switch 39a and an air / water supply switch 39b. The switch unit 39 is operated by the operator's hand when the main body unit 31 is held by the operator. The suction switch 39a allows the endoscope 12 to suck mucus, fluid, and the like through the treatment instrument insertion channel 35 that also serves as a suction channel from the channel tip opening 103 that also serves as a suction opening disposed in the distal end hard portion 21. Is operated when. The air / water supply switch 39b is operated when air is supplied / water supplied from an air / water supply channel (not shown) in order to secure an observation field of view (observation window) of an image sensor 67 described later in the distal end hard portion 21. . The air / water supply channel passes through the universal cord 41, the operation unit 30, and the insertion unit 20. The air / water supply channel communicates with a direct-view observation window 53 and a side-view observation window nozzle portion 85, which will be described later. The fluid includes water and gas.

  The universal cord 41 extends from the side surface of the grip portion 33. The end portion of the universal cord 41 is branched, and a connector 41a is disposed on each end. One of the connectors 41 a is detachable from the control device 14, and the other of the connectors 41 a is detachable from the light source device 18.

Next, the distal end hard portion 21 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the distal end surface 21a of the distal end hard portion 21 protrudes forward from the distal end surface 21a and a cylindrical first projection 51 that protrudes forward from the distal end surface 21a. A second protrusion 81 that is adjacent to the first protrusion 51 in the plane (diameter) direction of the distal end surface 21a is disposed.

Next, the first protrusion 51 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 4.
The 1st protrusion part 51 is arrange | positioned in the position eccentric from the center of the front end surface 21a to the edge side, for example.
As shown in FIG. 2, the first protruding portion 51 is disposed on the distal end surface 51 a of the first protruding portion 51, and extends in front of the distal end surface 51 a of the first protruding portion 51 in the insertion direction of the insertion portion 20. A direct-view observation window 53 that is a direct-view observation unit to be observed, and a side-view observation unit that is disposed on the side surface 51b of the first projection 51 and observes the side of the first projection 51 in the radial direction of the insertion unit 20 And a side-view observation window 55. The first projecting portion 51 is disposed on the side surface 51b of the first projecting portion 51 closer to the distal end surface 21a than the side-view observation window 55. A side-view illumination window 57 which is a side-view illumination unit that emits illumination light toward the side view field of the observation window 55 is further included.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the direct-view observation window 53 has, for example, a circular shape. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the direct-view observation window 53 receives light for direct-view observation, captures the observation object in the direct-view field (front field), and acquires the direct-view image 111. A circular front lens 53a is provided. The direct-view observation window 53 forms a wide-angle direct-view field of view with the front as the observation field by the front lens 53a. The light incident on the front lens 53 a is incident from the front end surface 51 a (front) side of the first protrusion 51. This light is, for example, reflected light reflected by the observation object.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the side-view observation window 55 has a substantially annular shape in order to observe the side and to make the observation field of view substantially the entire circumference of the side surface 51b along the circumferential direction of the side surface 51b. have. As shown in FIG. 4, the side-view observation window 55 receives light for side-view observation, captures the observation target in the side-view field (side field), and acquires the side-view image 113. An annular mirror lens 55a is provided. The side-view observation window 55 forms a side field of view in the radial direction of the insertion portion 20 with the side of the observation field of view by the mirror lens 55a. The light incident on the mirror lens 55 a enters from the side surface 51 b side of the first protrusion 51. This light is, for example, reflected light reflected by the observation object.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the side view illumination window 57 is adjacent to the side view observation window 55 in the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion 20. The side-view illumination window 57 is disposed on the side surface 51b along the circumferential direction as indicated by a dotted line in FIG. The side view illumination window 57 emits illumination light to the entire area in the circumferential direction excluding the lower side of the first projecting portion 51 (the second projecting portion 81 side). The angle θ1 shown in FIG. 3 indicates the range of illumination light emitted toward the side by the side-view illumination window 57. In addition, the range (angle (theta) 1) shown in FIG. 3 changes by the length of the circumferential direction of the side view illumination window 57 in FIG. 3 changing. The side-view observation window 55 is configured not to emit illumination light to the second projecting portion 81 side.

  As shown in FIG. 4, an objective optical system 61 is disposed inside the first protrusion 51 so that the central axis O of the first protrusion 51 and the optical axis coincide. The objective optical system 61 has the above-described front lens 53a, mirror lens 55a, and rear lens group 63 in order from the front end surface 51a side. In FIG. 4, a light beam incident on the front lens 53a in the direct-view observation window 53 from the observation object in the direct-view field of view and a light beam incident on the mirror lens 55a in the side-view observation window 55 from the observation object in the side field of view. A schematic path is shown.

The front lens 53a, the mirror lens 55a, and the rear lens group 63 are fixed to the lens frame in the first protrusion 51.
The mirror lens 55a is disposed immediately after the front lens 53a as a reflection optical system. The mirror lens 55a is formed by joining two lenses. As shown in FIG. 4, the mirror lens 55a reflects light incident from the side viewing direction twice and guides it to the rear lens group 63 side.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the distal end rigid portion 21 is sequentially arranged with an image pickup element 67 such as a CCD disposed at the image forming position of the objective optical system 61 and a connection circuit board 69 from the end face 51a side. It is installed. The image sensor 67 is disposed behind the rear lens group 63. A cover glass 67 a is disposed on the front surface of the image sensor 67. An imaging cable (not shown) is connected to the connection circuit board 69. The imaging cable is inserted through the insertion unit 20, the operation unit 30, and the universal cord 41.

On the center side of the image sensor 67, an image of the observation object in the direct field of view is formed by the front lens 53a. At this time, the image is formed in a circular shape because the front lens 53a has a circular shape. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6B, a circular direct-view image 111 is displayed on the display screen 16 a of the monitor 16.
An image of the observation object in the side view field is formed around the center of the image sensor 67 by the mirror lens 55a. At this time, the image is formed in an annular shape because the mirror lens 55a has an annular shape. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6B, an annular side-view image 113 is displayed on the display screen 16 a of the monitor 16. The side view image 113 is formed around the direct view image 111. Thus, in this embodiment, side-view observation and direct-view observation are performed simultaneously.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a light guide 71 that is a light guide member is disposed inside the insertion portion 20 including the first projecting portion 51, the operation portion 30, and the universal cord 41. When the connector 41a is connected to the light source device 18, the light guide 71 guides the illumination light generated by the light source device 18 to the side view illumination window 57 and a direct view illumination window 101 described later. The distal end side of the light guide 71 branches, for example, in the insertion portion 20, one is a light guide for the side view illumination window 57, and the other is a light guide (not shown) for the direct view illumination window 101. One of the light guides 71 is disposed up to the edge of the side-view illumination window 57 on the base end side. Also, one of the light guides 71 emits illumination light from the side view illumination window 57 toward the side of the side view field, and illuminates the side observation object in the body cavity. The other of the light guides 71 emits illumination light from a direct-viewing illumination window 101 (to be described later) so as to diffuse forward toward the direct-viewing field, and illuminates a front observation object in the body cavity.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first protrusion 51 is provided with a reflection member 73 that reflects the illumination light guided by one of the light guides 71 toward the side-view illumination window 57.

Next, the second protrusion 81 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 5.
As shown in FIG. 2, the second protrusion 81 supports the first protrusion 51. The second projecting portion 81 is integral with the first projecting portion 51, and is also a bulging portion that bulges from the first projecting portion 51 in the radial direction. The tip surface 81 a of the second protrusion 81 is flush with the tip surface 51 a of the first protrusion 51.

The second protrusion 81 has a direct-view observation window nozzle 83 for cleaning the direct-view observation window 53 on the distal end surface 81a of the second protrusion 81, and for the side-view observation window that cleans the side-view observation window 55. The nozzle portion 85 is provided on the side surface 81 b of the second projecting portion 81.
The direct-view observation window nozzle portion 83 is disposed on the distal end surface 81 a so as to open toward the direct-view observation window 53, and the direct-view observation window nozzle portion 83 appears in the direct-view image 111. The nozzle part 83 for direct-viewing observation windows is held so that there is no.

  The side-view observation window nozzle portion 85 is disposed on the side surface 81b so as to open toward the side-view observation window 55, and the second view portion 81 has the side-view observation window nozzle portion 85 side-viewed. The side-viewing observation window nozzle portion 85 is held so as not to appear in the image 113. The side-view observation window nozzle portions 85 are arranged at two locations.

  The second projecting portion 81 projecting from the distal end surface 21a is not an original observation object. Therefore, the second projecting portion 81 has a function of optically shielding so that it appears in the side view field in the side view observation window 55 and is not displayed in the side view image 113. This function is, for example, a shielding portion 87 that mechanically shields light incident on the side view field from the observation object.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second projecting portion 81 is a double-side illumination unit that emits illumination light toward the front and the side at the same time for direct-view observation and side-view observation. A certain two-sided illumination window 91 is provided. Both-side illumination windows 91 are directed forward for direct-view observation, that is, toward the direct-view visual field of the direct-view observation window 53, and toward the side view for side-view observation. That is, it also serves as a side view illumination unit that emits illumination light toward the side view field of the side view observation window 55.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the both-side illumination window 91 has a quadrangular prism shape, for example. Such a double-sided illumination window 91 emits illumination light simultaneously toward the front and the side, so that the entire front end surface 91a of the both-side illumination window 91 is flush with the front end surface 81a of the second protrusion 81. Located on the corner portion 81c between the tip surface 81a and the side surface 81b of the second projecting portion 81 so that the side surface 91b of the both-side lighting window 91 is located in the same plane as the side surface 81b of the second projecting portion 81. Has been. The front end surface 81a and the side surface 81b are connected so as to be bent, and are connected.

The two-sided illumination window 91 is disposed in the second projecting portion 81, and the direct view observation window 53 and the side view observation window 55 are disposed in the first projecting portion 51. Since the first projecting portion 51 and the second projecting portion 81 are arranged so as to be shifted in the planar direction of the distal end surface 21 a, the both-side illumination window 91 is also connected to the direct-view observation window 53 and the side-view observation window 55. On the other hand, they are arranged so as to be shifted in the plane direction.
The side-view illumination window 57 projects from the side surface 51b of the first projecting portion 51, that is, the front end surface 21a. The protrusion 81 is disposed on the tip end surface 81 a side. As described above, the direct-view illumination window 101, the side-view illumination window 57, and the both-side illumination windows 91 are different in height from the front end surface 21a. That is, the two-sided illumination window 91 is disposed in front of the side-view illumination window 57 and the direct-view illumination window 101 in the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion 20.

  In general, for example, one direct-view observation unit and one illumination unit are disposed at the distal end portion (the distal end rigid portion 21) of the endoscope 12, and the illumination unit emits illumination light forward, and illumination is performed in this state. When the part is close to the observation object, halation occurs in the direct observation part due to the reflected light reflected from the observation object, making observation difficult. In addition, even if a plurality of illumination units are arranged in the same plane as the direct-view observation unit, and all these illumination units emit illumination light in the same direction, that is, only in the front direction, halation is likely to occur as described above. It becomes difficult. This also applies to the side view observation.

  However, in this embodiment, the both-side illumination window 91 emits illumination light simultaneously in front and side. Accordingly, since the illumination light irradiates the observation object from a plurality of directions, that is, from the front and the side, the occurrence of halation can be suppressed in direct-view observation and side-view observation. As described above, the two-sided illumination window 91 emits illumination light to the front and the side at the same time in order to suppress the occurrence of halation. In addition, the both-side illumination window 91 emits illumination light to the front and the side at the same time, as described above, the distal end surface 81a and the side surface 81b of the second projecting portion 81 which is the most distal portion of the endoscope 12. It is arranged.

Moreover, the both-side illumination window 91 emits illumination light toward the side view as the side view illumination unit as described above. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6B, the both-side illumination window 91 is illuminated in a range (θ3, θ4) that partially overlaps the range (θ1) of the side-view illumination light from which the side-view illumination window 57 emits illumination light. Emits light.
When the both-side illumination window 91 is not provided, the illumination light is not emitted from the both-side illumination window 91 toward the side view, and only the side-view illumination window 57 emits the illumination light to the side. At this time, the illumination light is shielded by the shielding portion 87, and as a result, the illumination light is emitted to the entire area in the circumferential direction except for the lower side of the first protrusion 51 (the second protrusion 81 side). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6A, in the side view image 113 displayed on the display screen 16a of the monitor 16, the side view image 113 is a shield image 115 in which a part of the lower side of the side view field is shielded by the shield 87. Will have. The occluded image 115 is a black area and a non-image area where no image is displayed.
In the present embodiment, the range (θ1) of the side-view illumination light from which the side-view illumination window 57 emits the illumination light is smaller than the range of the side-view image 113 excluding the shield image 115 shielded by the shield 87. . Therefore, the illumination light emitted from the side view illumination window 57 cannot uniformly illuminate the entire side view image 113. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6A, an image in the vicinity of the shield image 115 is displayed as a dark image 116 with respect to the image of the side-view illumination light emission range (θ1) of the side-view image 113. The dark image 116 displays an image, but is not sufficiently bright and becomes a dark region.
However, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the both side illumination windows 91 are arranged so that the first projection 51 and the second projection 81 are further adjacent to each other, and the both sides illumination window 91 is on the side. The viewing window 57 is disposed so as to be shifted in the plane direction of the distal end surface 81a. For this reason, the two-sided illumination window 91 emits the illumination light to a range that cannot be illuminated with the illumination light emitted from the side-view illumination window 57. Thereby, illumination light is emitted from the both-side illumination window 91 to the portion in the dark image 116 shown in FIG. 6A. Therefore, the dark image 116 has sufficient brightness, and as shown in FIG. 6B, the dark image 116 is eliminated and the light distribution state of the side-view image 113 is improved.

  Two side illumination windows 91 are arranged in the plane direction of the distal end surface 81a of the second projecting portion 81 so as to be targeted around the longitudinal direction of the distal end surface 81a. The two-sided illumination window 91 is disposed on the subject centering on the direct-viewing observation window nozzle portion 83.

  As shown in FIG. 5, each base end portion 91 c of the both-side illumination window 91 is guided to guide the illumination light generated by the light source device 18 to the both-side illumination window 91 when the connector 41 a is connected to the light source device 18. A light guide 93 which is an optical member is provided. The light guide 93 is disposed inside the insertion portion 20 including the second projecting portion 81, the operation portion 30, and the universal cord 41. For example, the distal end portion 93a side of the light guide 93 is branched in the insertion portion 20 and is in contact with each proximal end portion 91c.

As shown in FIG. 5, the base end portion 91c of the both-side illumination window 91 emits the illumination light guided by the light guide 93 toward the side for the side-view observation. For this reason, the insertion portion 20 is notched obliquely with respect to the insertion direction. Since the base end portion 91c is notched, the reflection efficiency in the both-side illumination window 91 is increased. Such a base end portion 91c has an inclined surface due to a notch.
Further, the distal end portion 93 a of the light guide 93 has a shape similar to the shape of the proximal end portion 91 c and abuts on the proximal end portion 91 c of the both side illumination window 91. The distal end portion 93 a of the light guide 93 has a shape complementary to the proximal end portion 91 c of the both-side illumination window 91.

  In addition, the length of the side surface of the both-side illumination window 91 on the central axis side of the second projecting portion 81 is equal to that of the both-side illumination window 91 on the side surface 81b side of the second projecting portion 81 in the insertion direction of the insertion portion 20. You may form so that it may become shorter than the length of a side surface, or may become long. Thus, the angle and direction of inclination are not particularly limited.

  The front end surface 21a is adjacent to the first projecting portion 51 and is directed to the front for direct view observation, that is, direct view illumination that emits illumination light toward the observation object side of the direct view field of the direct view observation window 53. Further, a direct-view illumination window 101 that is a portion and a channel distal end opening 103 that projects a treatment tool (not shown) inserted into the treatment tool insertion channel 35 are further provided.

Next, an operation method according to this embodiment will be described.
The connector 41 a is connected to the control device 14 and the light source device 18. The light source device 18 emits illumination light, and the illumination light is guided by the light guide 93.

  The illumination light guided by the light guide 93 is guided to the both-side illumination window 91 and is emitted from the both-side illumination window 91 for direct view observation and side view observation. At this time, since the both-side illumination windows 91 are arranged at the corners 81c, the illumination light is emitted forward from the front end surface 91a for direct-view observation, and laterally from the side surface 91b for side-view observation. Exit toward

  When the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the body cavity and the distal end hard portion 21 comes close to the observation object, the illumination light irradiates the observation object from a plurality of directions, that is, from the front and the side. Occurrence of halation is suppressed in the visual observation unit. Further, the balance of light distribution between the front and the side is improved.

  In the present embodiment, when the connector 41 a is connected to the light source device 18, the light source device 18 emits illumination light, and the illumination light is also guided by the light guide 71. The light guide 71 is branched, and one of the light guides 71 is disposed up to the side view illumination window 57, and the other of the light guides 71 is disposed up to the direct view illumination window 101. Therefore, the illumination light guided by the light guide 71 is guided to the direct viewing illumination window 101 and emitted from the direct viewing illumination window 101 for direct viewing observation, and is guided to the side viewing illumination window 57 for side viewing observation. The light is emitted from the side view illumination window 57. At this time, the direct-view illumination window 101, the side-view illumination window 57, and the both-side illumination windows 91 are different in height from the front end surface 21a. Further, the both-side illumination window 91, the direct-view observation window 53, and the side-view observation window 55 are arranged so as to be shifted in the planar direction. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the illumination light is emitted from a position having a different height and a position having a different height in the plane direction. Thus, the illumination light irradiates the observation object from various directions. Thereby, the halation is further suppressed in the direct-view observation unit and the side-view observation unit.

  In such a state, the direct view observation window 53 performs direct view observation, and the side view observation window 55 performs side view observation. In the objective optical system 61, the front lens 53 a is disposed in the direct view observation window 53, and the mirror lens 55 a is disposed in the side view observation window 55. The imaging element 67 is disposed at the image forming position of the objective optical system 61 and is shared for direct-view observation and side-view observation. Therefore, direct view observation and direct view observation are performed simultaneously. On the display screen 16a of the monitor 16 at this time, as shown in FIG. 6B, a circular direct-view image 111 and an annular side-view image 113 are displayed. The side view image 113 is formed around the direct view image 111.

  The first projecting portion 51 and the second projecting portion 81 are adjacent to each other, the side-view illumination window 57 is disposed on the side surface 51b of the first projecting portion 51, and the both-side illumination window 91 is the second projecting portion 81. The side-view illumination window 57 and the both-side illumination windows 91 are disposed so as to be shifted in the planar direction of the distal end surface 21a. For this reason, the side illumination windows 91 emit illumination light to a range that cannot be illuminated by illumination light emitted from the side illumination window 57 in side view. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6B, the dark image 116 is eliminated, and the light distribution state of the side view image 113 is improved.

  Further, the base end portion 91 c of the both-side illumination window 91 is notched obliquely with respect to the insertion direction of the insertion portion 20. Therefore, compared with the case where the base end portion 91c is not cut out, the reflection efficiency of the illumination light in the both-side illumination window 91 is increased, and more illumination light is emitted from the both-side illumination window 91 toward the side. The amount of light in the direction is secured.

  Moreover, since the front end surface 91a and the side surface 91b of the both-side illumination window 91 are connected to each other and are not shielded by the side surface 81b of the second projecting portion 81, the illumination light does not leak and can be used for direct view and side view. Emitted.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the both-side illumination window 91 is arrange | positioned in the corner | angular part 81c and an illumination light is radiate | emitted by the both-side illumination window 91, an illumination light can be radiate | emitted simultaneously toward the front and a side, It is possible to irradiate the observation target with light from a plurality of directions, that is, from the front and the side, and generation of halation occurs in the direct-view observation unit (direct-view observation window 53) and the side-view observation unit (side-view observation window 55). Can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, the direct-view observation and the side-view observation can be performed simultaneously by the direct-view observation unit (direct-view observation window 53) and the side-view observation unit (side-view observation window 55).

  In the present embodiment, the direct-view illumination window 101 and the side-view observation window 55 are disposed, and the direct-view illumination window 101, the side-view illumination window 57, and the both-side illumination windows 91 are different in height from the front end surface 21a. The both-side illumination window 91, the direct-view observation window 53, and the side-view observation window 55 are arranged so as to be shifted in the planar direction. Therefore, in this embodiment, illumination light can be emitted from a position having a different height and a position having a different height in the plane direction. Thereby, in this embodiment, the observation object can be irradiated with illumination light from various directions. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, halation can be further suppressed in the direct-view observation unit (direct-view observation window 53) and the side-view observation unit (side-view observation window 55).

  In the present embodiment, the first projecting portion 51 and the second projecting portion 81 are adjacent to each other, the side-view illumination window 57 is disposed on the side surface 51b of the first projecting portion 51, and the both-side illumination windows 91 are the first. 2, the side-view illumination window 57 and the both-side illumination windows 91 are arranged so as to be shifted in the plane direction of the distal end surface 21a. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the illumination light can be emitted to the range that cannot be illuminated by the illumination light emitted from the side-view illumination window 57 in the side view by the both-side illumination windows 91. Thereby, in this embodiment, as shown to FIG. 6B, the dark image 116 can be eliminated and the light distribution state of the side view image 113 can be improved.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the illumination light is simultaneously emitted forward and laterally by the both-side illumination windows 91, the light distribution balance between the forward and lateral sides can be improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the base end portion 91c is notched obliquely with respect to the insertion direction of the insertion portion 20, and the distal end portion 93a of the light guide 93 has a shape similar to the shape of the base end portion 91c. Compared with the case where the portion 91c is not cut out, the reflection efficiency of the illumination light in the both-side illumination window 91 can be increased, more illumination light can be emitted from the both-side illumination window 91 toward the side, and the amount of light on the side Can be secured.
Moreover, in this embodiment, illumination light can be radiate | emitted to the side also in the both-sides illumination window 91 by the above. Thereby, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to bend the light guide 93 to the side in order to emit the illumination light to the side, and a prism that reflects the illumination light toward the side can be omitted. . Therefore, in this embodiment, the insertion part 20 can be made into a small diameter. In the present embodiment, as described above, the light guide 93 does not need to be bent sideways, so that the light guide 93 can be easily disposed, and the frame member that bundles the light guides 93 is easily processed. it can.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since both the front side and the side side can be illuminated by the single both side illumination window 91, it is not necessary to arrange the illumination unit for only the front side and the illumination unit for only the side side. . Therefore, in the present embodiment, the distal end hard portion 21 can be reduced in diameter, and the burden on the patient can be reduced when the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the body cavity.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the side illumination can be supplemented by the both-side illumination windows 91, the sides can be illuminated brightly and with good light distribution.

  In the present embodiment, the two side lighting windows 91 are disposed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. If the both side lighting windows 91 are disposed at the corners 81c, the both side lighting windows 91 are provided. The tip surface 81a may be integrated.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the front end portion of the light guide 93 is branched toward each side lighting window 91, but it is not necessary to be limited to this, and one light guide 93 is provided for one side lighting window 91. May be provided. In the present embodiment, the light guide 93 may be further branched toward the both-side illumination window 91.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Endoscope, 18 ... Light source device, 20 ... Insertion part, 21 ... Hard tip part, 21a ... Tip surface, 51 ... 1st protrusion part, 51a ... Tip surface, 51b ... Side surface, 53 ... Direct-viewing observation window, 55 ... side view observation window, 57 ... side view illumination window, 61 ... objective optical system, 81 ... second projection, 81a ... tip surface, 81b ... side surface, 81c ... corner, 83 ... nozzle for direct view observation window 85: Side-view observation window nozzle part, 87: Shielding part, 91 ... Both side illumination window, 91a ... Tip face, 91b ... Side face, 91c ... Base end part, 93 ... Light guide, 93a ... Tip part, 101 ... Direct view Illumination window, 111: direct view image, 113: side view image, 115: shielding image.

Claims (4)

An insertion portion having a tip portion;
A first protrusion disposed on a tip surface of the tip and projecting forward from the tip surface of the tip;
A direct-view observation unit that is disposed on the front end surface of the first protrusion and that directly observes the front of the front end surface of the first protrusion in the insertion direction of the insertion unit;
A side-view observation unit that is disposed on a side surface of the first projection and that laterally observes a side of the first projection;
2nd protrusion part which is arrange | positioned at the front end surface of the said front-end | tip part, protrudes ahead from the front end surface of the said front-end | tip part, and is adjacent to the 1st protrusion part in the planar direction of the said front-end | tip surface of the said front-end | tip part. When,
A double-sided illuminating unit that is disposed at least at the corners of the front end surface and the side surface of the second projecting portion and emits illumination light simultaneously toward the front and the side for direct-view observation and side-view observation; ,
An endoscope comprising: A light guide member that is disposed on a base end side of the both-side illumination unit and guides the illumination light to the both-side illumination unit;
The base end portions of the both side illumination portions are cut out obliquely with respect to the insertion direction of the insertion portion,
The distal end portion of the light guide member has a shape similar to the shape of the proximal end portion of the both-side illumination portion cut out obliquely, and abuts on the proximal end portion of the both-side illumination portion. The endoscope according to Item 1. A direct-view illumination unit that is disposed on the distal end surface of the distal end part, is adjacent to the first protrusion, and emits illumination light forward for direct-view observation;
A side-view illumination unit that is disposed on a side surface of the first protrusion and emits illumination light toward the side for side-view observation;
The endoscope according to claim 2, further comprising:   The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein the distal end surface of the second projecting portion is flush with the distal end surface of the first projecting portion.

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