JP5690593B2 - 抗c35抗体併用療法および方法 - Google Patents
抗c35抗体併用療法および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5690593B2 JP5690593B2 JP2010540656A JP2010540656A JP5690593B2 JP 5690593 B2 JP5690593 B2 JP 5690593B2 JP 2010540656 A JP2010540656 A JP 2010540656A JP 2010540656 A JP2010540656 A JP 2010540656A JP 5690593 B2 JP5690593 B2 JP 5690593B2
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- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/30—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants from tumour cells
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/32—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against translation products of oncogenes
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- A61K2039/505—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
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- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/545—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/73—Inducing cell death, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis or inhibition of cell proliferation
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Description
発明の分野
本発明は、癌細胞、特に、C35を発現する癌細胞を殺滅する方法に関する。1つの局面において、その方法は、少なくとも1つの抗C35抗体および少なくとも1つの抗HER2抗体を投与する工程を包含する。別の局面において、その方法は、少なくとも1つの抗C35抗体および少なくとも1つの抗EGFR抗体を投与する工程を包含する。いくつかの実施形態において、それらの抗体とともに、治療薬も投与される。別の局面において、本発明は、C35陽性癌に対する処置を計画する方法に関し、その方法は、レセプター分子(例えば、HER2、EGFRおよびIGFR)の発現について試験する工程を包含する。
細胞の成長は、身体の特定の必要性に応答して慎重に制御されるプロセスである。時折、細胞分裂に対するルールを命ずる複雑かつ高度に制御される調節が、故障する。これが起きると、細胞は、その恒常性の制御とは無関係に成長および分裂し始め、一般に癌と称される状態が生じる。実際、癌は、25〜44歳のアメリカ人の主な死因の第2位である。
本発明は、C35およびHER2を発現する癌細胞を殺滅する方法に関し、その方法は、前記細胞に:(a)C35に特異的に結合する、ある量の抗C35抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント;および(b)HER2に特異的に結合する、ある量の抗HER2抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントを投与する工程を包含し、ここで、抗C35抗体の前記量および前記抗HER2抗体の前記量は、前記癌細胞を殺滅するために有効である。1つの実施形態において、その方法は、ある量の治療薬を投与する工程をさらに包含する。1つの実施形態(embodment)において、その方法は、インビボにおいて行われる。さらなる実施形態において、その方法は、ヒトなどの哺乳動物において行われる。
本発明は、例えば以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
C35およびHER2を発現する癌細胞を殺滅する方法であって、該方法は、該細胞に:(a)C35に特異的に結合する、ある量の抗C35抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント;および(b)HER2に特異的に結合する、ある量の抗HER2抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントを投与する工程を包含し、ここで、抗C35抗体の該量および該抗HER2抗体の該量は、該癌細胞を殺滅するために有効である、方法。
(項目2)
(c)ある量の治療薬を投与する工程をさらに包含する、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目3)
前記方法が、インビボにおいて行われる、項目1または2に記載の方法。
(項目4)
前記方法が、哺乳動物において行われる、項目1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目5)
前記哺乳動物が、ヒトである、項目4に記載の方法。
(項目6)
前記治療薬が、化学療法剤である、項目2〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目7)
前記化学療法剤が、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、パクリタキセル、アドリアマイシン、ドセタキセル、タキソテール、ゲムシタビンおよびビノレルビンからなる群から選択される、項目6に記載の方法。
(項目8)
前記化学療法剤が、パクリタキセルである、項目7に記載の方法。
(項目9)
前記化学療法剤が、アドリアマイシンである、項目7に記載の方法。
(項目10)
前記治療薬が、放射線である、項目2〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目11)
前記治療薬が、前記抗C35抗体または前記抗HER2抗体のうちの少なくとも1つを投与する前に投与される、項目2〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目12)
前記治療薬が、前記抗C35抗体または前記抗HER2抗体のうちの少なくとも1つを投与した後に投与される、項目2〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目13)
前記治療薬が、前記抗C35抗体または前記抗HER2抗体のうちの少なくとも1つと同時に投与される、項目2〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目14)
前記抗C35抗体と前記抗HER2抗体とが、同時に投与される、項目2〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目15)
前記抗C35抗体および前記抗HER2抗体が、連続的に投与される、項目2〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目16)
前記抗体またはそのフラグメントの各々が、約0.1mg/kgから約100mg/kg患者体重の用量で投与される、項目1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目17)
前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1F2、1B3、MAbc0009、MAb163、MAb165、MAb171およびそれらのバリアントまたは誘導体からなる群から選択される、項目1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目18)
前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1F2またはそのバリアントもしくは誘導体である、項目17に記載の方法。
(項目19)
前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1B3またはそのバリアントもしくは誘導体である、項目17に記載の方法。
(項目20)
前記抗HER2抗体が、トラスツズマブである、項目1〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目21)
前記癌細胞が、乳癌、肝臓癌、卵巣癌、膀胱癌、肺癌、前立腺癌、膵癌、結腸癌およびメラノーマからなる群から選択される、項目1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目22)
前記癌細胞が、乳癌細胞である、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目23)
前記乳癌細胞が、管内癌細胞である、項目22に記載の方法。
(項目24)
前記方法が、1つより多い抗C35抗体またはそのフラグメントを投与する工程を包含する、項目1〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目25)
前記方法が、1つより多い抗HER2抗体を投与する工程を包含する、項目1〜24のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目26)
前記抗C35抗体が、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体またはヒト抗体である、項目1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目27)
前記抗HER2抗体が、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体またはヒト抗体である、項目1〜26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目28)
患者におけるC35陽性癌細胞を殺滅する方法であって、該方法は:
a)該患者の癌細胞のサンプルにおけるEGFRおよびHER2の発現について試験する工程;および
b)該癌細胞が、EGFR発現について陽性であるとき、該癌細胞を殺滅するのに有効な、ある量の抗EGFR抗体およびある量の抗C35抗体を投与する工程;または
c)該癌細胞が、HER2発現について陽性であるとき、該癌細胞を殺滅するのに有効な、ある量の抗HER2抗体およびある量の抗C35抗体を投与する工程
を包含する、方法。
(項目29)
前記EGFRまたはHER2の発現が、インビトロアッセイによって測定される、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目30)
前記インビトロアッセイが、免疫組織化学(IHC)、蛍光インサイチュハイブリダイゼーション(FISH)、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)および酵素結合免疫吸着測定法(ELISA)からなる群から選択される、項目29に記載の方法。
(項目31)
前記EGFRまたはHER2の発現が、インビボアッセイによって測定される、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目32)
前記EGFRまたはHER2の発現が、細胞イメージングアッセイによって測定される、項目31に記載の方法。
(項目33)
前記EGFRおよびHER2の発現が、異なるアッセイ方法によって測定される、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目34)
前記EGFRおよびHER2の発現が、同じアッセイ方法によって測定される、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目35)
前記癌が、乳癌である、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目36)
前記乳癌が、管内癌である、項目35に記載の方法。
(項目37)
前記乳癌が、乳癌転移である、項目35に記載の方法。
(項目38)
前記抗EGFR抗体が、セツキシマブである、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目39)
前記抗HER2抗体が、トラスツズマブである、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目40)
前記抗C35抗体が、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1B3またはそのヒト化バリアントもしくはヒト化誘導体である、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目41)
前記抗C35抗体が、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1F2またはそのヒト化バリアント誘導体である、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目42)
前記抗C35抗体が、完全ヒト抗体である、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目43)
前記抗EGFR抗体と前記抗C35抗体とが、異なる時点で投与される、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目44)
前記抗EGFR抗体が、前記抗C35抗体の前に投与される、項目43に記載の方法。
(項目45)
前記抗HER2抗体と前記抗C35抗体とが、異なる時点で投与される、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目46)
前記抗HER2抗体が、前記抗C35抗体の前に投与される、項目45に記載の方法。
(項目47)
C35陽性癌を有する患者に対する処置を計画する方法であって、該方法は:
(a)該癌患者由来の生物学的サンプルにおけるHER2およびEGFRの発現について試験する工程;
(b)抗C35抗体およびHER2またはEGFRに対する抗体を含む併用抗体療法を選択する工程
を包含し、ここで、該生物学的サンプルが、HER2発現について陽性であるときに、抗HER2抗体が選択され、該生物学的サンプルがEGFR発現について陽性であるときにEGFR抗体が選択される、方法。
(項目48)
前記生物学的サンプルが、腫瘍組織、血漿および血清からなる群から選択される、項目47に記載の方法。
(項目49)
前記C35陽性癌が、乳癌である、項目47に記載の方法。
(項目50)
前記乳癌が、管内癌である、項目49に記載の方法。
(項目51)
前記乳癌が、乳癌転移である、項目49に記載の方法。
(項目52)
前記抗EGFR抗体が、セツキシマブである、項目47に記載の方法。
(項目53)
前記抗HER2抗体が、トラスツズマブである、項目47に記載の方法。
(項目54)
前記抗C35抗体が、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1B3またはそのヒト化バリアントもしくはヒト化誘導体である、項目47に記載の方法。
(項目55)
前記抗C35抗体が、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1F2またはそのヒト化バリアント誘導体である、項目47に記載の方法。
(項目56)
前記抗C35抗体が、完全ヒト抗体である、項目47に記載の方法。
(項目57)
抗体併用療法を用いて癌を処置する方法に対して治療的に応答する患者を同定するための方法であって、該方法は:
a)該患者の癌細胞のサンプルにおけるC35、EGFRおよびHER2の発現について試験する工程;
b)該癌細胞において発現されるC35、EGFR、HER2の組み合わせを決定する工程;および
c)該癌細胞において発現されるC35、EGFRおよびHER2の組み合わせに対する抗体の組み合わせを提供する工程
を包含する、方法。
(項目58)
前記癌が、乳癌、肝臓癌、卵巣癌、膀胱癌、肺癌、前立腺癌、膵癌、結腸癌およびメラノーマからなる群から選択される、項目57に記載の方法。
(項目59)
前記癌が、乳癌である、項目58に記載の方法。
(項目60)
前記乳癌が、管内癌である、項目59に記載の方法。
(項目61)
前記C35、EGFRおよびHER2の発現が、インビトロアッセイによって測定される、項目57に記載の方法。
(項目62)
前記インビトロアッセイが、免疫組織化学(IHC)、蛍光インサイチュハイブリダイゼーション(FISH)、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)および酵素結合免疫吸着測定法(ELISA)からなる群から選択される、項目61に記載の方法。
(項目63)
前記EGFRまたはHER2の発現が、インビボアッセイによって測定される、項目57に記載の方法。
(項目64)
前記EGFRまたはHER2の発現が、細胞イメージングアッセイによって測定される、項目63に記載の方法。
(項目65)
前記細胞が、C35とEGFRとの組み合わせを発現する、項目57に記載の方法。
(項目66)
前記抗体の組み合わせが、抗C35抗体および抗EGFR抗体を含む、項目65に記載の方法。
(項目67)
前記細胞が、C35とHER2との組み合わせを発現する、項目57に記載の方法。
(項目68)
前記抗体の組み合わせが、抗C35抗体および抗HER2抗体を含む、項目65に記載の方法。
(項目69)
前記細胞が、C35、EGFRおよびHER2の組み合わせを発現する、項目57に記載の方法。
(項目70)
前記提供される抗体の組み合わせが、抗C35抗体、抗EGFR抗体および抗HER2抗体である、項目69に記載の方法。
(項目71)
d)前記患者の癌細胞のサンプルにおけるIGFRの発現について試験する工程;
e)該癌細胞において発現される、C35、EGFR、HER2およびIGFRの組み合わせを決定する工程;および
f)該癌細胞において発現される、C35、EGFR、HER2およびIGFRの組み合わせに対する抗体の組み合わせを提供する工程
をさらに包含する、項目57に記載の方法。
(項目72)
前記細胞が、C35とIGFRとの組み合わせを発現する、項目71に記載の方法。
(項目73)
前記抗体の組み合わせが、抗C35抗体および抗IGFR抗体を含む、項目72に記載の方法。
(項目74)
C35およびEGFRを発現する癌細胞を殺滅するための方法であって、該方法は、該細胞に:(a)C35に特異的に結合する、ある量の抗C35抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント;および(b)EGFRに特異的に結合する、ある量の抗EGFR抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメントを投与する工程を包含し、ここで、抗C35抗体の該量および該抗EGFR抗体の該量は、該癌細胞を殺滅するために有効である、方法。
(項目75)
(c)ある量の治療薬を投与する工程をさらに包含する、項目74に記載の方法。
(項目76)
前記方法が、インビボにおいて行われる、項目74または75に記載の方法。
(項目77)
前記方法が、哺乳動物において行われる、項目73〜75のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目78)
前記哺乳動物が、ヒトである、項目77に記載の方法。
(項目79)
前記治療薬が、化学療法剤である、項目75〜78のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目80)
前記化学療法剤が、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、パクリタキセル、アドリアマイシン、ドセタキセル、タキソテール、ゲムシタビンおよびビノレルビンからなる群から選択される、項目79に記載の方法。
(項目81)
前記化学療法剤が、パクリタキセルである、項目80に記載の方法。
(項目82)
前記化学療法剤が、アドリアマイシンである、項目80に記載の方法。
(項目83)
前記治療薬が、放射線である、項目75〜78のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目84)
前記治療薬が、前記抗C35抗体または前記抗EGFR抗体のうちの少なくとも1つを投与する前に投与される、項目75〜83のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目85)
前記治療薬が、前記抗C35抗体または前記抗EGFR抗体のうちの少なくとも1つを投与した後に投与される、項目75〜83のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目86)
前記治療薬が、前記抗C35抗体または前記抗EGFR抗体のうちの少なくとも1つと同時に投与される、項目75〜83のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目87)
前記抗C35抗体と前記抗EGFR抗体とが、同時に投与される、項目75〜83のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目88)
前記抗C35抗体および前記抗EGFR抗体が、連続的に投与される、項目75〜83のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目89)
前記抗体またはそのフラグメントの各々が、約0.1mg/kgから約100mg/kg患者体重の用量で投与される、項目75〜88のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目90)
前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1F2、1B3、MAbc0009、MAb163、MAb165、MAb171およびそれらのバリアントまたは誘導体からなる群から選択される、項目75〜88のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目91)
前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1F2またはそのバリアントもしくは誘導体である、項目90に記載の方法。
(項目92)
前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1B3またはそのバリアントもしくは誘導体である、項目90に記載の方法。
(項目93)
前記抗EGFR抗体が、セツキシマブである、項目75〜92のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目94)
前記癌細胞が、乳癌、肝臓癌、卵巣癌、膀胱癌、肺癌、前立腺癌、膵癌、結腸癌およびメラノーマからなる群から選択される、項目75〜93のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目95)
前記癌細胞が、乳癌細胞である、項目94に記載の方法。
(項目96)
前記乳癌細胞が、管内癌細胞である、項目95に記載の方法。
(項目97)
前記方法が、1つより多い抗C35抗体またはそのフラグメントを投与する工程を包含する、項目75〜96のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目98)
前記方法が、1つより多い抗EGFR抗体を投与する工程を包含する、項目75〜97のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目99)
前記抗C35抗体が、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体またはヒト抗体である、項目75〜98のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目100)
前記抗EGFR抗体が、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体またはヒト抗体である、項目75〜99のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
概観
いくつかの研究は、アポトーシスを起こす細胞の表面膜の変化を報告している。これらの変化の中でも顕著であるのは、表面膜の外葉上のホスファチジルセリンの露出に反映されるような、リン脂質の非対称性が早期に喪失することである。この表面膜の組成の変化が、マクロファージによるアポトーシス細胞の認識および除去を促進すると報告されている(Fadok,V.A.ら、J.Immunol.148:2207−2216(1992))。露出されたホスファチジルセリン分子への抗凝固薬のアネキシンVの結合によって、アポトーシスを起こしている細胞の検出を可能にする一般的な方法が開発された(Koopman,G.ら、Blood 84:1415−1420(1994))。
用語「a」または「an」の実体は、その実体の1つ以上のことを指すことに注意するべきである;例えば、「C35抗体(a C35 antibody)」は、1つ以上のC35抗体を表していると理解される。このように、用語「a」(または「an」)、「1つ以上の」および「少なくとも1つ」は、本明細書中で交換可能に使用され得る。
C35は、乳癌および他のある特定の腫瘍タイプ(メラノーマ、結腸癌、卵巣癌、肝細胞癌、膀胱癌および膵癌を含む)において差次的に発現される抗原である。C35タンパク質は、プレニル化されること、内側の細胞膜と会合することが示されているが、生存している腫瘍細胞の表面膜上で検出可能ではない。C35エピトープを免疫特異的に認識する、マウスモノクローナル抗体、ヒト化抗体およびヒト抗体を含むいくつかの抗体が存在する。米国出願公開番号2005/0158323および米国特許出願番号11/812,996(本明細書中で参考として援用される)を参照のこと。本発明者らは、化学療法剤または照射のいずれかを用いた処置によって腫瘍細胞においてアポトーシスを誘導することにより、C35が表面膜に露出し、それにより、インタクトな腫瘍細胞をC35特異的抗体が認識できるようになることも証明した。
本発明は、C35、HER2またはEGFRに対する抗体(本明細書中で、抗C35、抗HER2もしくは抗EGFR抗体;またはC35、HER2もしくはEGFR抗体と称される)およびC35抗体とHER2抗体またはC35抗体とEGFR抗体との組み合わせを用いて癌を処置する方法に関する。抗体に関する上の説明は、本明細書中に記載されるC35、HER2およびEGFR抗体にも適用される。
(a)アクセプター免疫グロブリンのヒトフレームワーク領域内のアミノ酸が、その位置におけるヒト免疫グロブリンに対して普通ではないものであるのに対し、ドナー免疫グロブリンにおける対応するアミノ酸が、その位置におけるヒト免疫グロブリンに対して代表的なものである;
(b)そのアミノ酸の位置が、CDRの1つに直接隣接している;または
(c)そのアミノ酸が、そのCDRと相互作用することができる(それぞれQueenら、WO92/11018.およびCoら、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 88,2869(1991)を参照のこと、両方ともが本明細書中で参考として援用される)。ヒト化免疫グロブリンの作製の詳細な説明については、QueenらおよびCoらを参照のこと。
本発明は、さらに、本発明の抗体を構成する単離されたポリペプチドおよびそのようなポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに関する。本発明の抗体は、ポリペプチド、例えば、免疫グロブリン分子に由来するC35、HER2またはEGFRに特異的な抗原結合領域をコードするアミノ酸配列を含む。指定されたタンパク質「に由来する」ポリペプチドまたはアミノ酸配列とは、そのポリペプチドの起源のことを指す。ある特定の場合において、特定の出発ポリペプチドまたは出発アミノ酸配列に由来するポリペプチドまたはアミノ酸配列は、出発配列のアミノ酸配列と本質的に同一であるアミノ酸配列またはその一部を有し、ここで、その一部は、少なくとも10〜20アミノ酸、少なくとも20〜30アミノ酸、少なくとも30〜50アミノ酸からなるか、またはそのポリペプチドもしくはアミノ酸配列は、出発配列の起源を有すると別途当業者によって同定可能である。
本発明の方法において使用するためのC35、HER2、EGFRもしくはIGFR抗体、またはそれらの抗原結合フラグメント、バリアントもしくは誘導体は、さらに、NもしくはC末端において異種性ポリペプチドに組換え的に融合され得るか、またはポリペプチドもしくは他の組成物に化学的に結合体化され得る(共有結合性および非共有結合性の結合体化を含む)。例えば、本発明の抗体は、検出アッセイにおける標識およびエフェクター分子(例えば、異種性ポリペプチド、薬物、放射性核種またはトキシン)として有用な分子に組換え的に融合され得るか、または結合体化され得る。例えば、PCT公開WO92/08495;WO91/14438;WO89/12624;米国特許第5,314,995号;およびEP396,387を参照のこと。
周知のとおり、RNAは、もとのハイブリドーマ細胞または他の形質転換された細胞から、標準的な手法(例えば、グアニジニウムイソチオシアネート抽出および沈殿後の遠心分離またはクロマトグラフィ)によって単離され得る。所望であれば、mRNAは、オリゴdTセルロースにおけるクロマトグラフィなどの標準的な手法によって、全RNAから単離され得る。適当な手法は、当該分野で知られている。
本発明は、過剰増殖性疾患を処置するため、例えば、癌を処置するために、本発明の抗体の組み合わせを使用することに関する。いくつかの実施形態において、少なくとも1つの抗C35抗体および少なくとも1つの抗HER2抗体が、投与される。特定の実施形態において、1つの抗C35抗体1つの抗HER2抗体が、投与される。より特定の実施形態において、抗C35抗体は、1B3もしくは1F2またはそれらのバリアントもしくは誘導体である。別の実施形態において、抗HER2抗体は、トラスツズマブである。他の実施形態において、少なくとも1つの抗C35抗体および少なくとも1つの抗EGFR抗体が、投与され得る。特定の実施形態において、1つの抗C35抗体1つの抗EGFR抗体が、投与される。より特定の実施形態において、抗C35抗体は、1B3もしくは1F2またはそれらのバリアントもしくは誘導体である。別の実施形態において、抗EGFR抗体は、セツキシマブである。特定の実施形態において、癌は、乳癌である。より特定の実施形態において、乳癌は、乳管内癌である。
本明細書中に記載される任意のアポトーシス誘導治療は、本発明の抗C35抗体の1つ以上の前、同時または後に施され得る。特定の実施形態において、アポトーシス誘導剤は、抗HER2抗体、抗EGFR抗体および抗IGFR抗体から選択される抗体である。いくつかの実施形態において、抗C35抗体と1つ以上のアポトーシス誘導抗体とが、同時に投与される。例えば、抗C35抗体は、抗HER2抗体および/または抗EGFR抗体および/または抗IGFR抗体と同時に投与される。他の実施形態において、それらの抗体は、別々に投与される。例えば、抗HER2抗体が、一度に投与され得、次いで、抗C35抗体が、同日中の後で投与され得るか、または1つ目の抗体が投与された日の1日以上後で投与され得る。同様に、抗EGFR抗体が、一度に投与され得、次いで、抗C35抗体が、同日中の後で投与され得るか、または1つ目の抗体が投与された日の1日以上後で投与され得る。同様に、抗IGFR抗体が、一度に投与され得、次いで、抗C35抗体が、同日中の後で投与され得るか、または1つ目の抗体が投与された日の1日以上後で投与され得る。抗C35抗体は、他の抗体(例えば、抗HER2、抗EGFRまたは抗IGFR)が投与されない日に、例えば、抗HER2抗体、抗EGR抗体もしくは抗IGFR抗体のうちの少なくとも1つまたはそれらの組み合わせを投与する前の日に、あるいは、抗HER2抗体、抗EGR抗体もしくは抗IGFR抗体のうちの少なくとも1つまたはそれらの組み合わせを投与した後の日に、投与され得る。
本発明の方法および抗体は、ヒトにおいて使用する前に、所望の治療的または予防的な活性について、インビトロにおいて試験され得、次いで、インビボにおいて試験され得る。例えば、化合物または薬学的組成物の治療的または予防的な有用性を証明するインビトロアッセイは、細胞株または患者組織サンプルに対する化合物の効果を含む。その細胞株および/または組織サンプルに対する化合物または組成物の効果は、細胞増殖アッセイおよび細胞溶解アッセイを含むがこれらに限定されない当業者に公知の手法を利用して測定され得る。本発明によると、特定の化合物の投与が必要とされるか否かを判定するために使用され得るインビトロアッセイとしては、患者組織サンプルが培養において生育され、化合物に曝露されるか、または別途化合物を投与され、そして組織サンプルに対するそのような化合物の効果を観察するインビトロ細胞培養アッセイが挙げられる。
本発明は、上記の方法において使用され得るキットを提供する。1つの実施形態において、キットは、少なくとも1つのC35、および少なくとも1つのHER2抗体または少なくとも1つのEGFR抗体または少なくとも1つのIGFR抗体のいずれか、好ましくは、1つ以上の精製された抗体を、1つ以上の容器内に備える。
本発明の抗体の1つ以上、または本発明のそれらの抗原結合フラグメント、バリアントもしくは誘導体を調製する方法、およびそれらを必要とする被験体にそれらを投与する方法は、当業者に周知であるか、または当業者によって容易に決定される。それらの抗体、またはその抗原結合フラグメント、バリアントもしくは誘導体の投与経路は、例えば、経口、非経口、吸入または局所的であり得る。非経口という用語は、本明細書中で使用されるとき、例えば、静脈内、動脈内、腹腔内、筋肉内、皮下、直腸または膣投与を含む。これらの形態の投与のすべてが、本発明の範囲内であると明確に企図されるが、投与するための形態は、注射用、特に、静脈内もしくは動脈内注射用または点滴用の溶液であり得る。通常、注射に適した薬学的組成物は、緩衝液(例えば、酢酸、リン酸またはクエン酸緩衝液)、界面活性剤(例えば、ポリソルベート)、必要に応じて、安定剤(例えば、ヒトアルブミン)などを含み得る。しかしながら、本明細書中の教示に適合性の他の方法では、本発明の抗体、または本発明のその抗原結合フラグメント、バリアントもしくは誘導体は、有害な細胞集団の部位に直接送達されることにより、その治療薬への患部組織の曝露が増加し得る。
C35陽性乳房腫瘍におけるEGFRおよびHER2の発現
C35陽性ヒト乳癌におけるEGFRおよびHER2の発現プロファイルを解析した。一般に、すべてのHER2陽性腫瘍は、C35陽性でもある。しかしながら、すべてのC35陽性腫瘍が、HER2陽性であるとは限らない。C35陽性腫瘍の臨床上のプロファイルをよりよく理解するために、免疫組織学的なスコアによる、C35hi発現と、HER2過剰発現(HER2hi腫瘍)およびEGFR発現との相関を表3に示す。C35hi腫瘍は、スコア2+または3+と定義した。
腫瘍組織サンプルは、腋窩の手術を受けていて、補助療法を受けておらず、そして病理においてリンパ節陰性だった、乳癌と診断された患者由来のものだった。乳癌組織の3つの0.6mm2芯を、代表的な腫瘍領域から取り出した。これらの芯を用いることにより、組織マイクロアレイを3つ組で構築した。
C35を、アフィニティ精製されたウサギポリクローナル抗体78.2を0.42μg/mlで用いて検出した。クエン酸ナトリウム緩衝液(18μMクエン酸、82μMクエン酸ナトリウム,pH6.0)を用いて、抗原回収を行った。ウサギポリクローナル抗体(Dako,Carpinteria,CA)を1:50希釈で用いて、サイトケラチン5/6(CK5/6)を検出した。Tris/EDTA緩衝液(1mM EDTA、10mM Tris−HCl塩基,pH8.0)を用いて、抗原回収を行った。
癌を処置するためのC35抗体とHER2抗体との組み合わせ
図1および2に図示され、そしてこの実施例において記載されるように、抗C35抗体および抗HER2抗体の投与に関する癌の処置方法を試験した。この実施例は、天然のHer2+/C35+ヒト乳癌異種移植モデルであるBT474−MDにおいてトラスツズマブと併用される、抗C35マウスモノクローナル抗体1F2および1B3の効果を示す。
72時間にわたる保存培養を用いて、合計3.5LのCDハイブリドーマを、2.0×105細胞/mlで播種した。その培養物を、700ml/フラスコで3L振盪フラスコに分割した。それらのフラスコを、90〜120rpmで振盪している37℃の7%CO2恒温器内に、いかなる培地も追加せずに7日間置いた。7日目に、回収する前に細胞を数えるためにサンプルを各フラスコから採取した。トリパンブルー排除によって計数した。細胞培養物の3.5Lすべてを、3200rpm(2100×g)で遠心することによって清澄にした。清澄にされた培地を、0.22μmフィルターユニットを用いて濾過滅菌した。精製するまで、清澄にされた/濾過された上清を4℃で一晩保存した。
その上清中の抗体を、Gammabind G(GE Healthcare)カラムに結合させた。その結合した抗体を、1M NaClを含むPBS,pH7.2中で洗浄することにより、エンドトキシンを減少させた。洗浄された抗体を、0.1Mグリシン,pH2.7を用いて1:5体積の1M Tris,pH8.0を含む画分に溶出した。G25PD10カラム(GE Healthcare)を用いて、溶出された抗体を含む画分の緩衝液交換を行った。その緩衝液交換された抗体をプールし、Centricon Plus−70限外濾過(ultrafitration)(Millipore,30kDA MWCO)を用いて7.5mg/mLに濃縮した。その濃縮された抗体を、陰イオン交換Mustang Q(Pall)膜に通した。抗体を含む通過液を回収した。この最終的な製剤化された抗体を、0.2μmシリンジフィルター(Pall)を用いてバイオセイフティーフード内で濾過滅菌した。Nanodrop分光光度計を用いてA280によってタンパク質濃度を測定した。
天然のC35+/HER2+ヒト乳房腫瘍BT474−MD細胞株は、Jose Baselga氏からの許可を得て移された、MD AndersonのRonald Bast氏からの厚意による贈与だった。この細胞株の履歴:Jose Baselga氏の研究室においてATCCからBT474を取得し、それをマウスに継代し、そしてエキソビボ培養することにより、インビボにおいて絶えず腫瘍を形成することができる系統を作製した。その細胞株を限界希釈によってサブクローン化し、そしてインビボにおいて好ましい成長動態および生着速度(take rates)を有するクローンを同定した。その細胞株をBT474−MDと命名し、10%ウシ胎児血清を含むように調整されたダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(Invitrogen)中で培養する。移植のための調製において、細胞を、トリプシン−EDTAを用いて剥離し、PBS中で洗浄し、そして108/mlの体積に再懸濁した。
4週齢のSwissヌードマウスをTaconic Farmsから購入した。動物を、特定病原体が除去されたバリア設備の条件下に収容した。すべての実験が、Animal Resources承認プロトコルにおいてUniversity Committeeのもとに行われた。
抗HER2抗体であるトラスツズマブ(ハーセプチン(登録商標),Genentech)を、供給されるビヒクル中に21mg/mlに希釈した。トラスツズマブの最終的な用量は、10または100μg/用量(約0.5または5mg/kg)であり、移植後の12日目に開始して3週間にわたって各週において2回静脈内注射を介して投与された。
1000万個のC35陽性BT474−MD腫瘍細胞を、4週齢のSwissヌードマウスの乳房脂肪パッドにおいて皮下に移植した。90日間放出するエストロゲン植込剤を、移植の24時間前に各動物に移植した。6〜9匹のマウスの群の各々は、以下の処置のうちの1つを受けた:
1.処置なし(コントロール群)。
2.12日目に開始し、3週間にわたって1週間に2回継続する、10μg/用量(約0.5mg/kg)トラスツズマブ/i.v.注射。
3.12日目に開始し、3週間にわたって1週間に2回継続する、1F2マウスモノクローナル抗体の800μg/i.v.注射(40mg/kg)と併用される、10μg/用量(約0.5mg/kg)トラスツズマブ/i.v.注射。
4.12日目に開始し、3週間にわたって1週間に2回継続する、1B3マウスモノクローナル抗体の800μg/i.v.注射(40mg/kg)と併用される、10μg/用量(約0.5mg/kg)トラスツズマブ/i.v.注射。
抗HER2抗体処置後のC35転位の誘導およびスコアづけ
図3に図示され、そしてこの実施例に記載されるように、抗HER2抗体であるトラスツズマブは、C35タンパク質を細胞膜の外側に転位させること(これは、抗体染色によって検出され得る)が示された。BT474細胞を、完全培地(ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地+ 10%ウシ胎児血清)中に2.5×105細胞/フラスコで播種した。トラスツズマブを、最終濃度4μg/ml(37.5μM)となるようにその完全培地に加えた。その細胞を、37℃で5日間インキュベートし、次いで、トリプシン−EDTAを用いて、浮遊細胞を含めて回収した。
100万個の細胞をPAB(リン酸緩衝食塩水、0.01%アジド、1%BSA)中で洗浄し、そして0.5μgのウサギ抗C35ポリクローナル抗体78−2またはウサギIgGコントロールとともに30分間インキュベートし、その後、Cy5に結合体化されたロバ抗ウサギ抗体とインキュベートした。細胞を、1×アネキシン結合緩衝液中で洗浄し、そして4μlのアネキシン−PE(BD Pharmingen,アポトーシス細胞上のホスファチジル(phospatidyl)セリンに結合する)および0.1μM Sytox Green(DNA色素、生細胞によって排除される)とともに室温において15分間インキュベートした。
細胞集団をFSC/SSCについてゲーティングをかけることにより、残骸を排除した。次いで、サンプルを、アネキシンV/Sytox green染色によって2Dで表示し、そして以下の集団にゲーティングをかけた:
a.生存:アネキシンV−/Sytox Green DNA色素−
b.アポトーシス初期:アネキシンV+/Sytox Green DNA色素−
c.アポトーシス後期:アネキシンV+/Sytox Green DNA色素low
d.死滅:アネキシンV+/Sytox Green DNA色素hi
以下の表4は、アポトーシスを起こしていた、および/または死滅していた、トラスツズマブ処理BT474細胞のパーセンテージが、無処理細胞よりも高かったことを示している。
相対的に大きい腫瘍を処置するためにHER2抗体と併用されるC35抗体
図4および5に図示され、そしてこの実施例に記載されるように、BT474−MD移植マウスに抗C35抗体を抗HER2抗体と併用して投与することにより、相対的に大きい腫瘍の腫瘍成長が失速されるか、または阻害される。処置を約50mm3の腫瘍サイズにおいて開始したとき、1F2抗C35抗体の単独での使用およびトラスツズマブとの併用での使用によって、腫瘍の成長が失速することまたは減少することが、図4に示されている。図5は、処置を開始する時点における腫瘍サイズが、一層大きい約100mm3であるとき、トラスツズマブと併用される抗C35マウスモノクローナル抗体1F2が、腫瘍の成長を阻害することを示している。
1.処置なし(食塩水コントロール群)。
2.15日目に開始し、約2週間にわたって1週間に2回継続する、10μg/用量(約0.5mg/kg)トラスツズマブ/i.v.注射。
3.15日目に開始し、約2週間にわたって1週間に2回継続する、1F2マウスモノクローナル抗体の800μg/i.v.注射(40mg/kg)と併用される、10μg/用量(約0.5mg/kg)トラスツズマブ/i.v.注射。
4.コントロールIgG単独。
5.15日目に開始し、約2週間にわたって1週間に2回継続する、1F2マウスモノクローナル抗体の800μg/i.v.注射(40mg/kg)。
1.処置なし(食塩水コントロール群)。
2.22日目に開始し、約2週間にわたって1週間に2回継続する、10μg/用量(約0.5mg/kg)トラスツズマブ/i.v.注射。
3.22日目に開始し、約2週間にわたって1週間に2回継続する、1F2マウスモノクローナル抗体の800μg/i.v.注射(40mg/kg)と併用される、10μg/用量(約0.5mg/kg)トラスツズマブ/i.v.注射。
Claims (16)
- C35およびHER2を発現する癌細胞を殺滅するための組み合わせ物であって、該組み合わせ物は、(a)C35に特異的に結合する、抗C35抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント;および(b)トラスツズマブを含む、組み合わせ物。
- (c)治療薬をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記治療薬が、化学療法剤である、請求項2に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記化学療法剤が、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、パクリタキセル、アドリアマイシン、ドセタキセル、タキソテール、ゲムシタビンおよびビノレルビンからなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記組み合わせ物が、放射線療法と組み合わせて投与されることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体およびトラスツズマブのうちの少なくとも1つの投与前に、前記癌細胞に前記治療薬が投与されまたは前記放射線療法が施されることを特徴とする、請求項2〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体およびトラスツズマブのうちの少なくとも1つの投与後に前記癌細胞に前記治療薬が投与されまたは前記放射線療法が施されることを特徴とする、請求項2〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体およびトラスツズマブのうちの少なくとも1つの投与と同時に前記癌細胞に前記治療薬が投与されまたは前記放射線療法が施されることを特徴とする、請求項2〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体とトラスツズマブとが、同時に前記癌細胞に投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体とトラスツズマブとが、順次、前記癌細胞に投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントの各々が、約0.1mg/kg患者体重から約100mg/kg患者体重の用量で処方される、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1F2、1B3およびそれらのバリアントまたは誘導体からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1F2またはそのバリアントもしくは誘導体である、請求項12に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体が1F2である、請求項13に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記抗C35抗体またはフラグメントが、C35に対する結合特異性を保持する、1B3またはそのバリアントもしくは誘導体である、請求項12に記載の組み合わせ物。
- 前記癌細胞が、乳癌、肝臓癌、卵巣癌、膀胱癌、肺癌、前立腺癌、膵癌、結腸癌およびメラノーマからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の組み合わせ物。
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AU2008341050A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
US20110008322A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
EP2237792B1 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
NZ586544A (en) | 2012-07-27 |
US8637026B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
WO2009082485A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
EP2237792A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
AU2008341050B2 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
KR20100095017A (ko) | 2010-08-27 |
CA2710680C (en) | 2018-10-16 |
EP2237792A4 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
JP2011509246A (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
CN101932333A (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
KR101642846B1 (ko) | 2016-07-26 |
CA2710680A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
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