JP5688009B2 - 浸透物送達システム及びその使用方法 - Google Patents
浸透物送達システム及びその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5688009B2 JP5688009B2 JP2011503119A JP2011503119A JP5688009B2 JP 5688009 B2 JP5688009 B2 JP 5688009B2 JP 2011503119 A JP2011503119 A JP 2011503119A JP 2011503119 A JP2011503119 A JP 2011503119A JP 5688009 B2 JP5688009 B2 JP 5688009B2
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Description
本出願は、2008年3月31日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/040,744号の利益を主張する。その内容は、参照により全体として本明細書に援用される。また、本出願は、2008年6月25日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/133,101号の利益を主張する。その内容は、参照により全体として本明細書に援用される。
本発明は、概して、経皮浸透物送達に関し、より具体的にはそれを使用するシステム及び方法に関する。
図7は、本発明の種々の浸透物送達パッチに関するインビトロでの薬物放出動力学に対する浸透物送達パッチ厚の効果を示す。4つの浸透物送達パッチを本発明に従って調製した。4つのマトリックスは各々、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)を含んでいた。EVA内に配置された浸透物製剤は生物活性剤としてヒドロモルフォンHCl(HM)と充填剤成分としてマンニトールとプロピレングリコール(PG)を含み、面積にして約1.44cm2であった。第1パッチは、約1.00mmの厚さを有し、ヒドロモルフォンを約67mg含んでいた。第2パッチは、約0.50mmの厚さを有し、ヒドロモルフォンHClを約25mg含んでいた。第3パッチは、約0.44mmの厚さを有し、ヒドロモルフォンを約22mg含んでいた。第4パッチは、約0.22mmの厚さを有し、ヒドロモルフォンを約11mg含んでいた。
図9は、種々の濃度のクエン酸フェンタニルを含む、本発明の浸透物パッチについての平均クエン酸フェンタニルの血清レベルPKプロフィールを示す。特に、10%クエン酸フェンタニルに関する以下の記載と類似した手法に従って調製された送達パッチについての平均クエン酸フェンタニル血清レベルPKプロフィールの比較が示される。
このパッチを調製するために、使用前に200メッシュ篩を用いてマンニトールを篩にかける。次に、約3000mgのクエン酸フェンタニルと約18450mgのマンニトールをバイアルに装填し、その混合物を少なくとも6時間、混和することによって調製することができる。約40%酢酸ビニル成分を含む約8550mgのエチレン酢酸ビニルをクエン酸フェンタニルとマンニトールの混和された混合物に添加され得る。装填された材料は、約80℃〜120℃の範囲の温度まで、温度制御容器において連続して撹拌し、加温することができる。混合物が生地様の堅さに達した後、次に、この混合物は、3M(登録商標)から市販されているScotchpak裏当てなどの裏当てフィルムに移すことができる。
フェンタニル追跡試験について、無毛ラットの腹部に再び微小孔を設け、次に、対象とするフィルム又は溶液を塗布した。パッチ(フィルム又は溶液)を所定の特定時間(即ち、塗布の12時間後)で取り除き、投与部位を約200μLの飽和クエン酸フェンタニル溶液で充填したその後の又は追跡液体貯蔵パッチで覆った。次に、血液試料を無毛ラットの尾静脈から採取した(典型的には、パッチ追跡の6〜10時間後、又はマイクロポレーションの18〜22時間後)。血清は、フェンタニル分析のために血液試料から分離された。
図11は、透過性増強剤としてトリスを含むインスリン製剤に水溶性高分子であるポリビニルアルコール(PVA)を添加するという効果を示すチャートを報告する。高分子の添加は、フィルムから薬物及び/又は透過性増強剤の制御放出によって、インスリン送達の持続プロフィールを許容する。マトリックス足場はエチレン酢酸ビニル(EVA)で構成される。
図13は、無毛ラットにおけるエクセナチド送達に対する種々の透過性増強剤の効果を示すチャートを報告する。動物の腹部にマイクロポレーションし、エクセナチド(10.5mg/mL)と対象薬物(3%w/v)の200μLを含むパッチをその部位を覆うように塗布した。新鮮な溶液を4時間毎にその部位を覆うように再度塗布し、血液を24時間に渡ってエクセナチドレベルについてサンプリングした。クエン酸2ナトリウムは24時間中、およそ定常なレベルを与えたが、コハク酸又はマレイン酸のいずれかの使用はレベル上昇を示した。
図17は、細孔透過性の維持に対する透過性増強剤の固有性の効果を示す。高分子フィルムは、EVAと、列挙された透過性増強剤(約70%)で調製された。無毛ラットは、マイクロポレーションされ、フィルムを12時間、マイクロポレーション部位に設置し、その時間後、高分子フィルムは、クエン酸フェンタニルを含む液体貯蔵パッチで置換された。いずれの透過性増強剤がない場合(即ち、100%EVAだけを含むフィルム)、フェンタニル溶液の塗布後に達成されるフェンタニルレベルは<5ng/mLであったが、しかしながら、示されるように、透過性増強剤の封入が有意に高いフェンタニルレベルを生じさせた。最終パッチ除去後のその部位での皮膚のpHを右軸に参照のために示す。これは、細孔透過性の維持に対する透過性増強剤の固有性の効果についてのスクリーニング法の非制限的な単なる例であることに気付かれたい。他の方法、及び他の透過性増強剤を使用し、試験することができる。
Claims (75)
- 対象の生体膜に形成された微小孔を通じて浸透物を送達させるためのパッチであって、
(a)マトリックス;
(b)該マトリックス内に配置された少なくとも1つの親水性浸透物であって、少なくとも該親水性浸透物の一部が対象から受ける生体水分に溶解可能である親水性浸透物;及び
(c)該マトリックス内に配置された、形成された微小孔の維持を促進するための少なくとも1つの透過性増強剤
を含み、前記透過性増強剤が、前記生体水分をpH2〜4の範囲または塩基性の非生理学的な範囲のpHに調節するためのpH調節剤である、パッチ。 - 前記親水性浸透物が生物活性剤である、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記生物活性剤がタンパク質薬物である、請求項2に記載のパッチ。
- 前記タンパク質薬物がエクセナチドである、請求項3に記載のパッチ。
- 前記タンパク質薬物がインスリンである、請求項3に記載のパッチ。
- 前記生物活性剤がヒドロモルフォンである、請求項2に記載のパッチ。
- 前記生物活性剤がクエン酸フェンタニルである、請求項2に記載のパッチ。
- 前記塩基性の非生理学的な範囲のpHが、pH8〜10の範囲のpHである、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記pH調節剤が、コハク酸、クエン酸2ナトリウム、クエン酸3ナトリウム、及びトリスからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つのpH調節剤である、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記pH調節剤がコハク酸である、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記pH調節剤がクエン酸2ナトリウムである、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記マトリックスが少なくとも1つの高分子を含む、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記高分子が水不溶性高分子である、請求項12に記載のパッチ。
- 前記高分子が水溶性高分子である、請求項12に記載のパッチ。
- 前記水不溶性高分子が、エチレン酢酸ビニル及びエチルセルロースからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの水不溶性高分子である、請求項13に記載のパッチ。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリビニルアルコール、及びポリビニルピロリドンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの水溶性高分子である、請求項14に記載のパッチ。
- 溶解性調節剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記溶解性調節剤が、塩化ナトリウム及び硫酸アンモニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの溶解性調節剤である、請求項17に記載のパッチ。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、5分〜24時間の範囲の投与期間、対象に送達される、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 対象の生体膜を通じて浸透物を送達させるためのシステムであって、
(a)ポレーター;並びに
(b)パッチであって、該パッチは、
(i)マトリックス;
(ii)該マトリックス内に配置された少なくとも1つの親水性浸透物であって、少なくとも該親水性浸透物の一部が、前記ポレーターによって形成された微小孔を通じて対象から受ける生体水分に溶解可能である親水性浸透物;及び
(iii)該マトリックス内に配置された、形成された微小孔の維持を促進するための少なくとも1つの透過性増強剤
を含み、前記透過性増強剤が、前記生体水分をpH2〜4の範囲または塩基性の非生理学的な範囲のpHに調節するためのpH調節剤である、パッチ
を含むシステム。 - 前記ポレーターが、熱ポレーター、機械式ポレーター、レーザーポレーター、及び水力ポレーターからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つのポレーターである、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記ポレーターが、生体膜と実質的に物理的に接触して、該生体膜を熱的に切除するのに十分なエネルギーを送達するように配置された熱伝導素子である、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記ポレーターが、薄層組織インターフェースデバイスである、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記親水性浸透物が生物活性剤である、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記生物活性剤がタンパク質薬物である、請求項24に記載のシステム。
- 前記タンパク質薬物がエクセナチドである、請求項25に記載のシステム。
- 前記タンパク質薬物がインスリンである、請求項25に記載のシステム。
- 生物活性剤がヒドロモルフォンである、請求項24に記載のシステム。
- 前記生物活性剤がクエン酸フェンタニルである、請求項24に記載のシステム。
- 前記塩基性の非生理学的な範囲のpHが、pH8〜10の範囲のpHである、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記pH調節剤が、コハク酸、クエン酸2ナトリウム、クエン酸3ナトリウム、及びトリスからなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記pH調節剤がコハク酸である、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記pH調節剤がクエン酸2ナトリウムである、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記マトリックスが少なくとも1つの高分子を含む、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記高分子が水不溶性高分子である、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記高分子が水溶性高分子である、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記水不溶性高分子が、エチレン酢酸ビニル及びエチルセルロースからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの水不溶性高分子である、請求項35に記載のシステム。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリビニルアルコール、及びポリビニルピロリドンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの水溶性高分子である、請求項36に記載のシステム。
- 溶解性調節剤をさらに含む、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記溶解性調節剤が、塩化ナトリウム及び硫酸アンモニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの溶解性調節剤である、請求項39に記載のシステム。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、5分〜24時間の範囲の投与期間、対象に送達される、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 対象(但し、ヒトを除く。)の生体膜を通じて浸透物を送達させるための方法であって、
(a)生体膜に1以上の微小孔を形成させ;並びに
(b)前記1以上の微小孔と物理的に接触させてパッチを設置することを含み、ここで、該パッチは、
(i)マトリックス;
(ii)該マトリックス内に配置された少なくとも1つの親水性浸透物であって、少なくとも該親水性浸透物の一部が、1以上の微小孔を通じて対象から受ける生体水分に溶解可能である親水性浸透物;及び
(iii)該マトリックス内に配置された、形成された微小孔の維持を促進するための少なくとも1つの透過性増強剤
を含み、前記透過性増強剤が、前記生体水分をpH2〜4の範囲または塩基性の非生理学的な範囲のpHに調節するためのpH調節剤である、
方法。 - 前記1以上の微小孔が、熱ポレーター、機械式ポレーター、レーザーポレーター、及び水力ポレーターからなる群から選択されるデバイスを用いて形成される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記1以上の微小孔が、生体膜と実質的に物理的に接触して、該生体膜を熱的に切除するのに十分なエネルギーを送達するように配置された熱伝導素子を用いて形成される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記1以上の微小孔が、薄層組織インターフェースデバイスを用いて形成される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記親水性浸透物が生物活性剤である、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記生物活性剤がタンパク質薬物である、請求項46に記載の方法。
- 前記タンパク質薬物がエクセナチドである、請求項47に記載の方法。
- 前記タンパク質薬物がインスリンである、請求項47に記載の方法。
- 生物活性剤がヒドロモルフォンである、請求項46に記載の方法。
- 前記生物活性剤がクエン酸フェンタニルである、請求項46に記載の方法。
- 前記塩基性の非生理学的な範囲のpHが、pH8〜10の範囲のpHである、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記pH調節剤が、コハク酸、クエン酸2ナトリウム、クエン酸3ナトリウム、及びトリスからなる群から選択される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記pH調節剤がコハク酸である、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記pH調節剤がクエン酸2ナトリウムである、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記マトリックスが少なくとも1つの高分子を含む、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記高分子が水不溶性高分子である、請求項56に記載の方法。
- 前記高分子が水溶性高分子である、請求項56に記載の方法。
- 前記水不溶性高分子が、エチレン酢酸ビニル及びエチルセルロースからなる群から選択される、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリビニルアルコール、及びポリビニルピロリドンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの水溶性高分子である、請求項58に記載の方法。
- 溶解性調節剤をさらに含む、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記溶解性調節剤が、塩化ナトリウム及び硫酸アンモニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの溶解性調節剤である、請求項61に記載の方法。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、5分〜24時間の範囲の投与期間、対象に送達される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記生物活性剤がエノキサパリンである、請求項2に記載のパッチ。
- 前記生物活性剤がエノキサパリンである、請求項24に記載のシステム。
- 前記生物活性剤がエノキサパリンである、請求項46に記載の方法。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、5分〜24時間の範囲の投与期間、対象に送達される、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、ボーラスとして対象に送達される、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、5分〜24時間の範囲の投与期間、対象に送達される、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、ボーラスとして対象に送達される、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、5分〜24時間の範囲の投与期間、対象に送達される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記親水性浸透物が、ボーラスとして対象に送達される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 前記透過性増強剤が、前記生体水分をpH2〜4の範囲のpHに調節するためのpH調節剤である、請求項1に記載のパッチ。
- 前記透過性増強剤が、前記生体水分をpH2〜4の範囲のpHに調節するためのpH調節剤である、請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記透過性増強剤が、前記生体水分をpH2〜4の範囲のpHに調節するためのpH調節剤である、請求項42に記載の方法。
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