JP5526656B2 - Protective equipment and combustion test facility - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a protective device and a combustion test facility.

  Combustion test facilities such as rocket engines and combustion storages such as explosives are obliged to prepare for unexpected explosions even in environments managed under strict regulations. The explosion shock wave has a very strong impact energy, and the equipment around the explosion source is destroyed by the explosion. For example, in a combustion test facility such as a rocket engine, a fuel tank that supplies fuel to the engine is installed in the vicinity of the engine, and when the engine explodes, a secondary disaster occurs such as the fuel tank receiving an explosion shock wave and exploding. However, it will suffer extensive damage. For this reason, there is a need for a technique for preventing shock waves from an explosion source so that the shock waves are not transmitted to equipment (protection target) such as a fuel tank disposed in the vicinity of the explosion source.

  Various techniques for meeting such demands have been studied, and the following techniques are disclosed as patent documents. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the protective device 1000 shown in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the protective device 1000 includes a first layer 1001 including a plastic and a resin, a second layer 1002 having a plurality of molded geometric shapes, and a third layer 1003 including a foam plate. Is a laminated body in which a plurality of are integrally coupled. As a result, the structure has excellent shock absorption.

  Moreover, the protective device shown in Patent Document 2 is in a particulate form between a resin plate having a plurality of random holes provided at a position facing the explosion source and an explosion-proof sheet provided on the outside of the resin plate. Resins packed in a bag are arranged without gaps. This enhances the shock wave buffering effect.

  On the other hand, as a conventional technique different from these, there is a technique of providing a robust structure such as a concrete fence or a earth wall between an explosion source and a protection target. This prevents the shock wave from being transmitted to the object to be protected by rebounding the shock wave from the explosion source or letting it escape upward.

JP-T-2002-53733 JP 2006-234179 A

However, in the protective devices of Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the protective device itself is a structure that absorbs shock energy of a shock wave from an explosion source by being crushed, it breaks once it is crushed, and a new device each time. Must be installed. For this reason, every time a new device is installed, the equipment cost is increased. In addition, it is necessary to determine the amount of energy that can be absorbed according to the magnitude of the explosion, and in the case of a test facility where accidents of various scales may occur, protection is provided for the largest possible explosion magnitude. If the device is designed, it may not be able to cope with explosions of a smaller scale, and the design is difficult.
On the other hand, a technique for providing a robust structure such as a concrete fence or earth dyke requires a base that is large enough to install the structure, and the structure itself is large-scale. In some cases, it may be difficult to place equipment near the explosion source. For example, in the case of a combustion test facility such as a rocket engine, the fuel tank is preferably installed in the vicinity of the engine. However, when a structure (for example, earthen wall) that prevents shock waves becomes large, the fuel tank is removed from the engine. It must be installed far away. Therefore, the fuel supply path becomes long, and the equipment cost for securing the supply path is increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and can provide a protective device and a combustion test that can absorb shock energy of an impact wave from an explosion source a plurality of times and can further reduce equipment costs. The purpose is to provide equipment.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has a protective wall that receives a shock wave from an explosion source, and a filling tank that is installed with the protective wall as a side surface and is filled with a fluid. To do.

  By adopting such a configuration, in the present invention, pressure energy is generated inside the filling tank when the protective wall on the side face of the filling tank receives the shock wave from the explosion source and bends with the impact energy. Then, the fluid inside the filling tank is compressed by pressure energy, so that the pressure energy is converted into thermal energy due to friction of the fluid and also converted into kinetic energy due to the impulse (eg, flow or scattering) of the fluid. As a result, the impact energy is absorbed. For this reason, since the protective device itself is not crushed and broken as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the impact energy of the shock wave from the explosion source can be absorbed a plurality of times. Therefore, it is not necessary to install a new device, so that the equipment cost can be reduced. In addition, since the base having a sufficiently large size is not required unlike the technique of providing a strong structure such as a concrete fence or earthen wall, the protective device itself can be made compact. Thereby, since it becomes easy to arrange | position an installation in the vicinity of an explosion source, an installation cost can be held down.

  Moreover, in this invention, the structure that the said fluid is filled in the state which provided the space | gap in the upper part in the said filling tank is employ | adopted.

  Moreover, in this invention, the structure that sand is used as said fluid is employ | adopted.

  Moreover, in this invention, the said filling tank employ | adopts the structure that it is supported by a support member via the buffering device arrange | positioned on the side surface opposite to the side surface provided with the said protective wall.

  Moreover, in this invention, the structure that the said buffering device is arrange | positioned along the both ends of the said filling tank is employ | adopted.

  Moreover, in this invention, the structure that the reinforcement member is provided in the inside of the said filling tank is employ | adopted.

  Moreover, in this invention, the said filling tank employ | adopts the structure provided with the opening part for filling the said fluid, and the cover member which plugs up this opening part.

  A combustion test facility for testing a combustion state with the rocket engine of the present invention fixed is provided with the above-described protective device of the present invention.

According to the present invention, the side surface of the filling tank is protected by adopting a configuration including a filling tank provided with a protective wall on the side surface that receives a shock wave from an explosion source, and a fluid filled in the filling tank. Pressure energy is generated inside the filling tank when the wall receives the shock wave from the explosion source and bends with the shock energy. Then, the fluid inside the filling tank is compressed by pressure energy, so that the pressure energy is converted into thermal energy due to friction of the fluid and also converted into kinetic energy due to the impulse (eg, flow or scattering) of the fluid. As a result, the impact energy is absorbed. For this reason, since the protective device itself is not crushed and broken as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the impact energy of the shock wave from the explosion source can be absorbed a plurality of times. Therefore, it is not necessary to install a new device, so that the equipment cost can be reduced. In addition, since the base having a sufficiently large size is not required unlike the technique of providing a strong structure such as a concrete fence or earthen wall, the protective device itself can be made compact. Thereby, since it becomes easy to arrange | position an installation in the vicinity of an explosion source, an installation cost can be held down.
Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a protective device that can absorb the shock energy of the shock wave from the explosion source a plurality of times and can further reduce the equipment cost.

It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the protection apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of a buffer device. It is a schematic diagram which shows the internal structure of a filling tank. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement | positioning state of a buffering device. It is a figure which shows the attenuation state of the impact energy of the shock wave by the protection apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the combustion test equipment provided with the protective device of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the protective device of patent document 1. FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This embodiment shows one aspect of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Moreover, in the following drawings, in order to make each structure easy to understand, an actual structure and a scale, a number, and the like in each structure are different.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (side view) showing a schematic configuration of a protective device 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the protective device 1 includes a filling tank 10 provided with a protective wall 11 that receives a shock wave W from an explosion source, a fluid 12 filled in the filling tank 10, a lid member 14, and a buffer. The apparatus 20 and the support member 30 are comprised and comprised.

  The protective wall 11 is disposed on the side facing the traveling direction of the shock wave W (arrow in FIG. 1). When the protective wall 11 receives the impact energy of the shock wave W, the protective wall 11 bends in a concave shape to generate pressure energy inside the filling tank 10. As a material for forming the filling tank 10 having the protective wall 11, for example, a metal material such as iron can be used.

  The packed bed 10 includes a protective wall 11 on the side wall facing the traveling direction of the shock wave W. The filling tank 10 is box-shaped and has a rectangular shape in side view. An opening 13 for filling the fluid 12 is provided at the upper end of the filling tank 10. The position of the opening 13 is not limited to the upper end of the filling tank 10. For example, the position of the opening 13 may be the lower end or the side of the filling tank 10 and can be set as appropriate.

  A lid member 14 that closes the opening 13 is provided at the upper end of the filling tank 10. As the forming material of the lid member 14, for example, a metal material such as iron can be used, similarly to the forming material of the filling tank 10. The lid member 14 is for preventing moisture (for example, rainwater) from entering the filling tank 10. That is, by providing the lid member 14, it is possible to prevent the characteristics (for example, fluidity) of the fluid 12 filled in the filling tank 10 from being changed due to moisture entering the filling tank 10. it can. The lid member 14 may be fixed to the upper end portion of the filling tank 10 by, for example, welding after the fluid tank 12 is filled in the filling tank 10.

  Further, the fluid 12 is filled in a state in which the gap 15 is provided in the upper part of the filling tank 10. That is, a gap 15 is formed between the lid member 14 provided in the filling tank 10 and the upper surface of the fluid 12 filled in the filling tank 10. As a result, the amount of bending when the protective wall 11 is bent by receiving the impact energy of the shock wave W (the amount of depression into the filling tank 10) is absorbed by the air 15 being compressed. ing.

  The fluid 12 is compressed by the pressure energy generated in the filling tank 10 when the protective wall 11 is bent by receiving the impact energy of the shock wave W, thereby converting the pressure energy into heat energy by friction and impulse ( For example, it is converted into kinetic energy by flow or scattering). Thereby, the impact energy of the shock wave W is absorbed.

  Thus, since the protective device 1 of this embodiment does not have a structure in which the protective device itself is crushed and broken as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the impact energy of the shock wave from the explosion source is repeatedly absorbed several times. can do. In addition, since the base having a sufficiently large size is not required unlike the technique of providing a strong structure such as a concrete fence or earthen wall, the protective device itself can be made compact.

  The fluid 12 is preferably sand. For example, it is preferable to use coarse sand mainly composed of quartz or feldspar as the sand, and the size of the coarse sand is preferably set within a range of 0.2 mm to 2 mm in diameter.

  Thereby, the pressure energy generated by the bending of the protective wall 11 can be efficiently converted into thermal energy due to friction, and can be reliably converted into kinetic energy due to impulse (for example, flow or scattering). The fluid 12 is not limited to coarse sand. For example, a granular material such as metal particles or lime may be used as the fluid 12 and can be appropriately selected.

  The shock absorber 20 is disposed on the side surface of the filling tank 10 opposite to the side surface on which the protective wall 11 is provided, and is supported by the support member 30. The shock absorber 20 extends in the traveling direction of the shock wave W, one end is fixed to the filling tank 10, and the other end is fixed to the support member 30.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the shock absorber 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the shock absorber 20 includes an elastic member 21, a piston 22, a damper 23, and fixing portions 24 and 25. The shock absorber 20 absorbs the shock energy of the shock wave W through the filling tank 10 filled with the fluid 12 described above.

  The elastic member 21 extends in the traveling direction of the shock wave W, and has one end fixed to the fixed portion 24 and the other end fixed to the fixed portion 25. Two elastic members 21 are provided across the piston 22. As the elastic member 21, for example, a rubber pad or a coil spring can be used. The elastic member 21 absorbs the impact energy transmitted through the filling tank of the shock wave W by elastic deformation (extension or contraction). The fixing portion 24 is fixed to the filling tank 10, and the fixing portion 25 is fixed to the support member 30.

  The piston 22 extends in a direction parallel to the elastic member 21, and one end is fixed to the fixing portion 24. On the other hand, the other end of the piston 22 strokes inside the damper 23.

  The damper 23 includes a medium that generates viscous resistance therein. For example, an oil damper can be used as the damper. The damper 23 generates viscous resistance and adjusts the damping when the piston 22 strokes inside the damper. That is, the damper 23 has a function of reducing the impact energy input to the elastic member 21.

  As the shock absorber 20, for example, a rubber shock absorber (model RD13) manufactured by Japan Steel Works (JSW) can be used. The shock absorber 20 is not limited to this, and a device corresponding to the required impact energy absorption performance can be used as appropriate.

  Thus, since the protective device 1 of this embodiment has the shock absorber 20, the impact energy of the shock wave W can be significantly reduced.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the filling tank 10 in the protective device 1 of the present embodiment. In addition, in this figure, illustration of the fluid 12 with which the inside of the filling tank 10 was filled is abbreviate | omitted for convenience of explanation.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a reinforcing member 16 is provided inside the filling tank 10. As the reinforcing member 16, for example, H-shaped steel can be used. Thereby, the rigidity of filling tank 10 can be raised. Further, the impact energy received by the protective wall 11 is transmitted to the side wall of the filling tank 10 on the side opposite to the protective wall 11 (the shock absorber 20 side) via the reinforcing member 16. For this reason, impact energy can be received as the filling tank 10 as a whole.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement state of the shock absorber 20 in the protective device 1 of the present embodiment. This figure is the front view which looked at the arrangement | positioning state of the buffering device 20 by which the end was fixed to the filling tank 10 from the side (protective wall 11 side) which receives the shock wave W. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the protective device 1 according to the present embodiment has two filling tanks 10 adjacent to each other having a rectangular shape in front view. The shock absorber 20 is disposed at both ends of the filling tank 10 (along two opposing sides of the filling tank 10). In the present embodiment, six shock absorbers 20 are disposed along both end portions of the filling tank 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of shock absorbers 20 can be appropriately set as necessary.

  Thereby, the protective wall 11 provided in the filling tank 10 is easily bent by the impact energy of the shock wave W. Specifically, since the shock absorber 20 is disposed at both ends of the filling tank 10, both ends of the filling tank 10 are fixed to the support member 30 (not shown) via the shock absorber 20. The central part of the body will bend. For this reason, pressure energy can be reliably generated inside the filling tank 10. Therefore, the fluid 12 inside the filling tank 10 can be reliably compressed, and the impact energy of the shock wave W can be efficiently converted into thermal energy due to friction of the fluid 12 and kinetic energy due to impulse.

  In addition, although the protective device 1 of this embodiment has the two filling tanks 10 adjacently arranged, it is not restricted to this. For example, only one filling tank 10 may be disposed, or three or more filling tanks 10 may be disposed adjacent to each other. That is, the number of the filling tanks 10 in the protection device 1 can be set as appropriate according to the size of the protection target so that the shock wave W is not transmitted to the protection target (for example, the fuel tank).

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state of attenuation of shock energy of a shock wave by the protective device 1 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the traveling distance of the shock wave, and the vertical axis represents the shock energy of the shock wave. In order from the smallest traveling distance of the shock wave (in order from the left side of the horizontal axis), indicate the shock energy of the shock wave before the protective device collision, the shock energy of the shock wave after passing through the filling tank, and the shock energy of the shock wave after passing through the shock absorber Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the shock energy of the shock wave before the protective device collision has a steep rise and a peak value. Thereby, it can be estimated that the shock wave has very strong impact energy.

  Next, when looking at the impact energy of the shock wave after passing through the filling tank, the rise is more gradual and the peak value is smaller than before the protective device collision. It can be presumed that this is because when the shock wave collides with the protective wall, the protective wall bends and the fluid inside the filling tank is compressed to reduce the impact energy.

  When looking at the impact energy of the shock wave after passing through the shock absorber, the rise is more gradual and the peak value is smaller than after passing through the filling tank (before passing through the shock absorber). It can be estimated that this is because the shock energy is reduced by the elastic deformation of the elastic member constituting the shock absorber and the damping adjustment of the damper.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, pressure energy is generated inside the filling tank 10 when the protective wall 11 on the side surface of the filling tank 10 receives the shock wave W from the explosion source and bends with the impact energy. Then, the fluid 12 inside the filling tank 10 is compressed by pressure energy, whereby the pressure energy is converted into thermal energy due to friction of the fluid 12, and the kinetic energy due to the impulse (for example, flow or scattering) of the fluid 12. The impact energy is absorbed by being converted into. For this reason, since the protective device itself is not crushed and broken as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the impact energy of the shock wave W from the explosion source can be repeatedly absorbed. Therefore, it is not necessary to install a new device, so that the equipment cost can be reduced. In addition, since the base having a sufficiently large size is not required unlike the technique of providing a robust structure such as a concrete fence or earthen wall, the protective device 1 itself can be made compact. Thereby, since it becomes easy to arrange | position an installation in the vicinity of an explosion source, an installation cost can be held down.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the fluid 12 is filled in the state where the gap 15 is provided in the upper part of the filling tank 10, the amount of bending when the protective wall 11 is bent by receiving the impact energy of the shock wave W. The amount of dent into the filling tank 10 is absorbed by the air being compressed in the gap 15. Therefore, the impact energy of the shock wave W can be significantly reduced.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since sand is used as the fluid 12, the pressure energy generated when the protective wall 11 is bent can be efficiently converted into thermal energy due to friction, and kinetic energy due to impulse (eg, flow or scattering). Can be reliably converted. Therefore, the impact energy of the shock wave W can be significantly reduced.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the filling tank 10 is supported by the support member 30 via the buffer device 20, the impact energy of the shock wave W can be significantly reduced as the entire protective device 1. Specifically, the impact energy transmitted through the filling tank of the shock wave W is absorbed by the elastic deformation (extension or contraction) of the elastic member 21 constituting the shock absorber 20. Further, when the piston 22 strokes inside the damper 22, attenuation is adjusted by generating viscous resistance. Therefore, the impact energy of the shock wave W can be significantly reduced.

  In the present embodiment, since the shock absorber 20 is disposed along both ends of the filling tank 10, the protective wall 11 provided in the filling tank 10 is easily bent by the impact energy of the shock wave W. Specifically, since both ends of the filling tank 10 are fixed to the support member 30 via the shock absorber 20, the central portion of the filling tank 10 is bent. For this reason, pressure energy can be reliably generated inside the filling tank 10. Therefore, the fluid 12 inside the filling tank 10 can be reliably compressed, and the impact energy of the shock wave W can be efficiently converted into thermal energy due to friction of the fluid 12 and kinetic energy due to impulse. Therefore, the impact energy of the shock wave W can be reliably absorbed.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the reinforcement member 16 is provided in the inside of the filling tank 10, the rigidity of the filling tank 10 can be improved. Further, the impact energy received by the protective wall 11 is transmitted to the side wall of the filling tank 10 on the side opposite to the protective wall 11 (the shock absorber 20 side) via the reinforcing member 16. Accordingly, the entire filling tank 10 can receive impact energy, and the impact energy of the shock wave W can be significantly reduced.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the cover member 14 which closes the opening part 13 is provided in the filling tank 10, it can prevent a water | moisture content permeating into the filling tank 10 inside. Therefore, it can prevent that the characteristic (for example, fluidity | liquidity) of the fluid 12 with which the filling tank 10 was filled changes.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the filling tank 10 becomes rectangular shape by the side view, it is not restricted to this. For example, the filling tank 10 may have a trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side, or may have an elliptical shape when viewed from the side. That is, the side view shape of the filling tank 10 can be appropriately set according to the collision energy of the shock wave W.

(Combustion test facility)
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a combustion test facility 100 provided with the protective device 1 of the present invention. The combustion test facility 100 is a facility for testing a combustion state with a rocket engine fixed, for example. As shown in FIG. 6, the combustion test facility 100 includes an engine 50, a fuel tank 40 that supplies fuel to the engine 50, a gantry 60, and the protection device 1 of the present invention described above.

  The engine 50 is installed on the top surface of the gantry 51 and is connected to the fuel tank 40 via a pipe 43. Thereby, the fuel 42 inside the tank body 41 is supplied to the engine 50. The protective device 1 is disposed between the engine 50 and the fuel tank 40, and prevents a shock wave W due to an unexpected explosion of the engine 50 from being transmitted to the fuel tank 40. The protective device 1 and the fuel tank 40 are installed on the upper surface of the base 61 of the gantry 60. The height of the leg portion 62 of the gantry 60 is higher than the height of the engine 50. That is, the installation height of the protective device 1 and the fuel tank 40 is higher than the height of the engine 50. Thus, the shock wave W propagating obliquely upward due to the unexpected explosion of the engine 50 can be prevented from being transmitted to the fuel tank 40.

  According to this combustion test facility 100, since the protection device 1 of the present invention described above is provided, it is possible to prevent the impact energy of the shock wave W due to the unexpected explosion of the engine 50 from being transmitted to the fuel tank 40. In addition, since the base having a sufficiently large size is not required unlike the technique of providing a robust structure such as a concrete fence or earthen wall, the protective device 1 itself can be made compact. As a result, the fuel tank 40 can be disposed in the vicinity of the engine 50. Therefore, the supply path (pipe 43) of the fuel 42 can be shortened, and the equipment cost for securing the supply path can be suppressed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Protective device, 10 ... Filling tank, 11 ... Protective wall, 12 ... Fluid, 13 ... Opening part, 14 ... Lid member, 15 ... Gap, 16 ... Reinforcement member, 20 ... Shock absorber, 30 ... Support member, 100 ... Combustion test equipment

Claims (7)

A protective wall that receives shock waves from the explosion source,
A tank filled with a fluid, which is installed with the protective wall as a side surface,
The fluid is filled in a state where a gap is provided in the upper portion of the filling tank, and the protective wall can be bent into a concave shape into the filling tank when receiving the shock wave. A protection device against shock waves from an explosion source. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein sand is used as the fluid. The protective device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the filling tank is supported by a support member via a shock absorber disposed on a side surface opposite to the side surface including the protective wall. The protective device according to claim 3 , wherein the shock absorber is disposed along both ends of the filling tank. The protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein a reinforcing member is provided inside the filling tank. The said filling tank is provided with the opening part for filling the said fluid, and the cover member which plugs up this opening part, The protection apparatus of any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. In the combustion test facility that tests the combustion state with the rocket engine fixed,
A combustion test facility comprising the protective device according to claim 1 .

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