JP5524862B2 - 連続微粒子相を有する複合不織繊維ウェブ、並びにその作製及び使用方法 - Google Patents
連続微粒子相を有する複合不織繊維ウェブ、並びにその作製及び使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5524862B2 JP5524862B2 JP2010540771A JP2010540771A JP5524862B2 JP 5524862 B2 JP5524862 B2 JP 5524862B2 JP 2010540771 A JP2010540771 A JP 2010540771A JP 2010540771 A JP2010540771 A JP 2010540771A JP 5524862 B2 JP5524862 B2 JP 5524862B2
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
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Description
本出願は、2007年12月31日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/017,842号の利益を主張し、その開示内容の全体を参照として本明細書に援用する。
本開示は、少なくとも1つの連続微粒子相を有する不織繊維ウェブ並びにそのようなウェブの作製方法及び使用方法に関する。本開示は、更に、吸収性物品において有用なサブマイクロメータファイバー及び/又はマイクロファイバーを含む複合不織繊維ウェブに関する。
本明細書で使用する用語を以下に定義する。
一観点において、本開示は、実質的に連続である3次元網状組織を形成する粒子の集団を更に含む埋め込まれた相と、それらの粒子の周囲に3次元網状組織を形成する繊維の集団と、を含む複合不織繊維ウェブを提供する。
本開示の複合不織繊維ウェブは、以下の構成要素の1つ以上を含み得る。
上述したように、本開示による代表的な実施形態の複合不織繊維ウェブは、微粒子の集団を含む埋め込まれた相を含む。任意の好適な微粒子物質を選択することができる。好適な微粒子は、多様な物理的形態(例えば、固体粒子、多孔質粒子、中空の気泡体、疑集体、不連続繊維、短繊維、フレークなど)、形(例えば、球形、楕円形、多角形、針状の形など)、形の均一性(例えば、単分散、実質的に均一、不均一又は不規則であるなど)、組成(例えば、無機微粒子、有機微粒子、又はこれらの組み合わせ)、及びサイズ(例えば、サブマイクロメータサイズ、ミクロサイズなど)を有することができる。
上述のように、本開示の代表的な実施形態の複合不織繊維ウェブは、微粒子の周囲に3次元網状組織を形成する繊維の集団を含むマトリックス相を含む。好適な繊維集団は、サブマイクロメータファイバー、マイクロファイバー、極細マイクロファイバー、又はこれらの組み合わせを含むことが可能である。
本開示の複合不織繊維ウェブは、1つ以上の微細なサブマイクロメータファイバー成分を含むことが可能である。いくつかの実施形態では、好ましい微細なサブマイクロメータファーバー成分は、1マイクロメータ(μm)未満の繊維直径中央値を有するサブマイクロメータファイバー成分である。いくつかの代表的な実施形態では、サブマイクロメータファイバー成分は約0.2μm〜約0.9μmの範囲の繊維直径中央値を有する繊維を含む。他の代表的な実施形態では、サブマイクロメータファイバー成分は約0.5μm〜約0.7μmの範囲の繊維直径中央値を有する繊維を含む。
本開示の複合不織繊維ウェブは、マイクロファイバー成分のような、1つ以上の粗い繊維成分を含む場合がある。いくつかの実施形態では、好ましい粗い繊維成分は、少なくとも1μmの繊維直径中央値を有する繊維を含むマイクロファイバー成分である。いくつかの代表的な実施形態では、マイクロファイバー成分は約2μm〜約100μmの範囲の繊維直径中央値を有する繊維を含む。他の代表的な実施形態では、マイクロファイバー成分は約5μm〜約50μmの範囲の繊維直径中央値を有する繊維を含む。
本開示の複合不織繊維ウェブは、図1Dに示す代表的な実施形態の多層複合不織繊維物品40の支持体層50のような支持体層を更に含むことが可能である。支持体層は、存在するとき、複合不織繊維物品のほとんどの強度を提供することができる。幾つかの実施形態では、前述のサブマイクロメータファイバー成分は、非常に低い強度を有する傾向があり、通常の処理中に損傷する可能性がある。サブマイクロメータファイバー成分を支持体層に取り付けることは、サブマイクロメータファイバー成分に強度を与える一方、ソリディティを低く保持するので、サブマイクロメータファイバー成分に望まれる吸収特性を保持する。多層複合不織繊維ウェブ構造は、また、ウェブをロール形状に巻くこと、ウェブをロールから外すこと、鋳造、ひだ付け、折り畳み、短繊維化、ウィービングなど(ただし限定せず)を含む場合がある更なる加工のための十分な強度を提供することができる。
本開示の複合不織繊維ウェブは、微粒子充填された繊維層、又は任意の支持体層、又はこれら両方(図示せず)と組み合わされた追加的な層を含むことができる。
特定の代表的な実施形態では、本開示の複合不織繊維ウェブは、複合不織繊維物品を基材に取り付けることを可能にするために1つ以上の取り付け手段を更に含む場合がある。上述のように、接着剤を使用して複合不織繊維物品を取り付けることができる。接着剤に加えて、その他の取付手段を使用してもよい。好適な取付手段には、ネジ、釘、クリップ、ステープル、ステッチ、ねじ切り、フック及びループ材料などの機械的なファスナが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
微粒子充填された複合不織繊維ウェブは既知である。微粒子充填された不織布ウェブを生成する既知の方法は、概して、不織布ウェブ自体が、組み合わされた不織/微粒子システムを支持するために十分な強度及び物性を有することを要求する。既知の方法は、不織布ウェブが特定の用途のために微粒子を支持する十分な強度又は剛性を有していない場合、よく機能しない。結合された微粒子充填ウェブは、その微粒子システムが形成された後に、結合された微粒子システム内に繊維が交じり合うことが非常に困難であるので、結合された微粒子充填ウェブの製作もまた、問題がある。
不織繊維ストリームにストリーム微粒子を付加するための既知の多様な方法がある。好適な方法は、米国特許第4,118,531号(ハウザー(Hause))、同第6,872,311号(コズロウ(Koslow))、同第6,494,974号(リッデル(Riddell))、並びに米国特許出願公開第2005/0266760号(クハブラ(Chhabra)及びイゼル(Isele))、同第2005/0287891号(パーク(Park))、及び同第2006/0096911号(ブレイ(Brey)ら)に記述されている。出願者は、実質的に連続である3次元網状組織に微粒子の集団を最初に形成することによって、微粒子ストリームを繊維ストリームと組み合わせるときに繊維をそれら自体又は微粒子と結合することに伴う問題を避けることが可能であり得ることを発見した。好ましくは、複合不織繊維ウェブを形成するために微粒子を不織繊維ストリームに埋め込む前に、微粒子を一緒に結合して実質的に連続である3次元網状組織を形成する。
不織繊維を生成する既知の方法及び微粒子を組み合わせる機会を提供する他の任意の方法を含む本開示の実施形態による複合不織繊維ウェブを作製するために好適な繊維ストリームは、ウェブ形成プロセスの間に繊維ストリームを伴う、実質的に連続である3次元網状組織で形成される。特定の実施形態では、繊維ストリームはサブマイクロメータファイバー、マイクロファイバー、又はサブマイクロメータファイバーとマイクロファイバーのブレンドを含む場合がある。
繊維の状態、及びマイクロファイバーとサブマイクロメータファイバーの相対的割合に依存して、収集の間に繊維と微粒子との間及び繊維と繊維との間に何らかの結合が生じる場合がある。しかし、ウェブをより取り扱い易くして、マトリックス内にサブマイクロメータファイバーをより良好に保持できるようにして(「結合」繊維は、繊維と繊維を堅く付着させるので、それらは一般にウェブが通常の取り扱いに供される場合でも分離しないことを意味する)、所望の粘稠度のマトリックスを提供するために、収集されたウェブにおける繊維と微粒子との間又は繊維と繊維と間の更なる結合が望ましい場合がある。
複合不織繊維ウェブの作製方法及びその任意の結合方法に加えて、以下のプロセス工程の1つ以上を、いったん形成されたウェブに対して実行することができる。
(2)1つ以上の追加層をサブマイクロメータファイバー成分の、マイクロファイバー成分の、及び/又は任意の支持層の、外面と接触させる工程、
(3)複合不織繊維ウェブのカレンダー加工工程、
(4)複合不織繊維ウェブを表面処理剤又は他の組成物(例えば、難燃剤組成物、接着剤組成物、又は印刷層)でコーティングする工程、
(5)複合不織繊維ウェブを厚紙又はプラスチック管に取り付ける工程、
(6)複合不織繊維ウェブをロール形状に巻く工程、
(7)複合不織繊維ウェブをスリットして2つ以上のスリットロール及び/又は複数のスリットシートを形成する工程、
(8)成形型内に複合不織繊維ウェブを配置して、複合不織繊維ウェブを新しい形に成型する工程、
(9)存在する場合には、露出した任意の感圧性接着剤の層の上に剥離ライナーを塗布する工程、及び
(10)複合不織繊維ウェブを別の基材に接着剤又は他のいずれかの取付手段(クリップ、ブラケット、ボルト/ネジ、釘、若しくはストラップを含むがこれに限定されない)により取り付ける工程。
装置図2を参照すると、本開示による複合不織繊維ウェブ作製装置300の一つの代表的な実施形態の概略図である。図2は、不織微粒子充填ウェブを作製するための微粒子充填装置60を示す。ホッパー76を通った微粒子74は、フィードロール78、及びドクターブレード80を通過する。電動ブラシロール82はフィードロール78を回転する。ネジ付きアジャスター84は、ウェブを横断する均一性、及びフィードロール78を通過する微粒子の漏れ量の割合を改善するために、動かすことができる。総合的な微粒子流量は、フィードロール78の回転速度を変更することにより調節できる。フィードロール78の表面は、異なる微粒子に対する供給性能を最適化するために変えられる場合がある。微粒子74のカスケード86は、シュート88を通ってフィードロール78から落下し、チャネル94から出て、微粒子のストリーム96を形成する。
本開示は、多様な吸収用途における本開示の複合不織繊維ウェブの使用方法もまた、目的とする。代表的な実施形態では、この物品は、ガス濾過用品、液体濾過用品、音声吸収用品、表面洗浄用品、細胞成長支援用品、薬物送達用品、個人向け衛生用品、又は創傷包帯用品として使用できる。
代表的な実施形態の複合ウェブは、米国特許第4,536,361号に記述されているプロセスからの繊維ストリームを伴う多様な微粒子ストリームの組み合わせによって作製された。このプロセスは、繊維形成ダイが水平より約45度下の角度を狙って水平真空コレクターに向かうように構成した。微粒子は、微粒子ストリームが繊維ストリーム中に縦に落下するように繊維ダイの上のトレーから振り出された。複合ウェブは、真空コレクター上で収集して、コレクターベルトから巻き取った。コレクターベルト上にウェブが形成された後、追加的結合は行わなかった。
試料B:マキシブラスト社(Maxi-Blast Incorporated)(インディアナ州サウスベンド所在)のマキシブラスト熱硬化性ブラスト媒体
試料C:クラレケミカル(日本所在)の12×20格子状活性炭、GG型
試料D:PICA USA社(オハイオ州コロンバス所在)の80×325メッシュ活性炭、CC型
試料E:240グリットのアルミナ研磨粉
Claims (15)
- 複合不織繊維ウェブであって、
連続である3次元網状組織を形成する微粒子の集団を含む埋め込まれた相と、
前記微粒子の周囲の3次元網状組織を形成する繊維の集団を含むマトリックス相と、を含み、
前記微粒子の集団が、0.001〜3000μmの直径中央値を有し、そして
前記微粒子の集団において、それぞれの単独の微粒子が、少なくとも1つの、前記微粒子の集団の他の微粒子と表面対表面の接触をしており、前記微粒子の集団のそれぞれの単独の微粒子は無機微粒子である、ウェブ。 - 前記微粒子の集団が、吸収剤、吸着剤、活性炭、陰イオン交換樹脂、陽イオン交換樹脂、分子ふるい、又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1に記載のウェブ。
- 前記繊維の集団が配向されている、請求項1に記載のウェブ。
- 前記繊維の集団が、1μm未満の直径中央値を有し、かつ、任意に、前記繊維の集団が、0.2μm〜0.9μmの範囲の繊維直径中間値を有する、請求項1に記載のウェブ。
- 前記繊維の集団が、少なくとも1μmの直径中央値を有し、かつ、任意に、前記繊維の集団が、2μm〜50μmの範囲の繊維直径中間値を有する、請求項1に記載のウェブ。
- 前記ウェブが厚さを有し、10%未満のソリディティを呈する、請求項1に記載のウェブ。
- 前記繊維の集団が高分子繊維を含み、かつ、任意に、前記高分子繊維が、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリエステル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリアミド、ポリウレタン、ポリブテン、ポリ乳酸、ポリビニールアルコール、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリスルフォン、液晶ポリマー、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリアクリロニトリル、環状ポリオレフィン、ポリオキシメチレン、ポリオレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー、又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1に記載のウェブ。
- 前記微粒子の集団の少なくとも一部分が、別に形成された繊維の少なくとも一部分と結合されている、請求項1に記載のウェブ。
- 前記微粒子の周囲に3次元網状組織を形成する前記繊維の集団が、サブマイクロメータファイバーを含み、
前記マトリックス相がマイクロファイバーの集団を更に含み、
前記複合不織繊維ウェブが厚さを有し、前記マイクロファイバーの数に対する前記サブマイクロメータファイバーの数の比率が前記複合不織繊維ウェブの厚さにわたって変化し、かつ、任意に、
前記マイクロファイバーの数に対する前記サブマイクロメータファイバーの数の前記比率が前記複合不織繊維ウェブの厚さにわたって減少する、請求項1に記載のウェブ。 - 支持体層を更に含み、かつ、任意に、前記支持体層が、不織布、織布、ニット織物、発泡体層、フィルム、紙の層、裏面粘着層、又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1に記載のウェブ。
- 複合不織繊維ウェブの作製方法であって、
a.連続である3次元網状組織にある微粒子の集団を含む埋め込まれた相を形成する工程と、
b.前記微粒子の周囲の3次元網状組織を形成する繊維の集団を含むマトリックス相を形成する工程と、を含み、
前記微粒子の集団が、0.001〜3000μmの直径中央値を有し、そして
前記微粒子の集団において、それぞれの単独の微粒子が、少なくとも1つの、前記微粒子の集団の他の微粒子と表面対表面の接触をしており、前記微粒子の集団のそれぞれの単独の微粒子は無機微粒子である、作製方法。 - 前記微粒子の集団が、吸収剤、吸着剤、活性炭、陰イオン交換樹脂、陽イオン交換樹脂、分子ふるい、又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記微粒子の集団の少なくとも一部分が、別に形成された繊維の少なくとも一部分と結合されている、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記微粒子の周囲に3次元網状組織を形成する前記繊維の集団が、サブマイクロメータファイバーを含み、
前記マトリックス相がマイクロファイバーの集団を更に含み、かつ、任意に、
前記マイクロファイバーの集団が前記サブマイクロメータファイバーの集団と別に形成される、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 請求項11に記載の方法により調製された複合不織繊維ウェブを含む物品であって、ガス濾過用品、液体濾過用品、音吸収用品、表面洗浄用品、細胞成長支援用品、薬物送達用品、個人衛生用品、及び創傷包帯用品からなる群から選択される、物品。
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-
2008
- 2008-12-15 WO PCT/US2008/086770 patent/WO2009088648A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-12-15 BR BRPI0821677-0A patent/BRPI0821677A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-12-15 EP EP08869850.1A patent/EP2235245B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-12-15 CN CN2008801274247A patent/CN101952498B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-15 JP JP2010540771A patent/JP5524862B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101952498B (zh) | 2013-02-13 |
JP2011508830A (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
BRPI0821677A2 (pt) | 2015-06-16 |
US9689096B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
US20100291213A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
EP2235245A1 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
EP2235245A4 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
WO2009088648A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
CN101952498A (zh) | 2011-01-19 |
EP2235245B1 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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