JP5505217B2 - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic copying machine, a facsimile, and a printer that forms an image using toner, and more particularly to operation control of a developing device.

  As a developing device provided in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, all of the supply of developer (toner) to the photosensitive member as the image carrier, the stirring and mixing of the developer, and the stirring and mixing of the replenishing toner are all performed in a single developing device. What is done simultaneously is generally known. Such a developing device has at least two conveying screws that convey the developer in opposite directions, one developer screw conveys the developer to one, and the other conveying screw conveys the developer to the other. As a result, the developer circulates inside the developing device.

  Recently, a developing device that separates the developing unit and the developer agitating unit and sends the developer to the developing unit after sufficiently agitating the developer in the developer agitating unit is disclosed in, for example, “Patent Document 1” or “Patent Document 2”. It is disclosed. In this developing apparatus, since the developer agitating unit is provided at a position away from the developing unit, there is an advantage that the volume of the developing container occupying around the photosensitive member can be reduced as much as possible with the developing unit as a minimum volume. Further, since the developer can be transported from the separated developer agitating section with a free path and a simple configuration, a large amount of the developer can be stably transported, so that the developer is transported together with the air flow. Pneumatic conveyance method is effective.

  The use of an air transport system as a developer transport means used in the developing device is excellent in that it can be transported to a remote place by a free path with a simple configuration using a flexible tube and an air pump. Is supplied to a container having an opening (such as an opening around the developing roller) in a part of the developing unit or the like, when air used for conveyance is blown into the container, the air pressure inside the container increases, and the container There is a risk that the internal developer or toner blows out from the opening and scatters around the container or on the image to be formed. Such a blow-out of the developer becomes a cause of defects such as in-machine contamination and a reduction in the quality of the output image.

  As a result of the study by the present inventors, it has been found that such a trouble phenomenon occurs remarkably at the timing when the developing device is started. In the tube constituting the transport path, the developer remaining during the previous operation of the developing device is compressed by its own weight, and the developer becomes clogged by increasing the bulk density of the developer. Until this state is released and air conveyance becomes possible, the bulk density of the developer decreases, and a delay time occurs until the developer conveyance is actually started. During this delay time, the developer in the developing unit is circulated and conveyed by a conveying screw or the like, and is returned from the developing unit to the developer agitating unit via a recovery path. In this case, the developer is completely lost in the developing portion. In such a situation, the air for transporting the developer flows into the space or opening previously shielded by the developer, and the internal toner is easily blown out from the opening, and the amount of scattering is shielded by the developer. Dozens of times as much as there are.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus that solves the above-mentioned problems, prevents a decrease in developer in the developing section that occurs when the developing apparatus is started, and prevents in-machine contamination and image quality degradation. And

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a developing unit having a circulation conveyance mechanism that is disposed in the vicinity of the image carrier and circulates the developer therein, and a developer stirring unit that is disposed at a position different from the developing unit. And a developer conveying means for sending the developer from the developer agitating unit to the developing unit by air conveying in the developer conveying path, and the circulation conveying mechanism via the developer discharge channel. In an image forming apparatus having a developing device that returns the developer circulated in the developing unit to the developer agitating unit by operation, when starting the operation of the developing device, It has the control means which operates a circulation conveyance mechanism, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the first aspect, after the developer conveying unit is further operated, the circulation of the developer existing in the developer conveying path is started. The conveyance mechanism is operated.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the first aspect, after the developer conveying means is further operated, the developer existing in the developer conveying path is introduced into the developing unit. The circulation conveyance mechanism is operated.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the first aspect, a time until the developer passing through the developer transport path reaches the developing unit after further operating the developer transport unit. The circulating transport mechanism is operated after a predetermined time determined by the above.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the predetermined time is further determined by a toner concentration of the developer.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the predetermined time is further determined by a bulk density of the developer.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the sixth aspect, the bulk density is further detected by a detection unit provided in the developer conveyance path.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the developer in the developing unit from being depleted, and since there is no barrier due to the developer, the developer transporting air flows out of the developing unit and toner scattering occurs. Occurrence can be prevented.

1 is a schematic front view of an image forming apparatus employing an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a developing device used in an embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic explaining the image development part used for one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic explaining the developer stirring part used for one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a time from when the air pump according to the first embodiment of the present invention is activated to when the developer starts to be conveyed until it reaches the developer supply unit and an assumed bulk density of the residual developer. . It is a block diagram of the control means used for the 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a toner density of a developer and a bulk density of the developer in the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a partial schematic perspective view of the developing device used for the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a diagram which shows the relationship between the output of the sensor and the bulk density of a developer in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  FIG. 1 shows an image forming apparatus to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied. In FIG. 1, an image forming apparatus 1 is a so-called tandem type image forming apparatus, and is divided into four colors of yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C), and black (K) along the lower side of the intermediate transfer belt 2. Corresponding image forming units 3Y, 3M, 3C and 3K are provided. The image forming units 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3K have the same configuration, and the photosensitive drum 4 as an image carrier, the charging unit 5, the developing unit 6 that constitutes the developing device, the primary transfer member 7, and the cleaning device 8. Etc.

  In the image forming apparatus 1, when the image forming operation is started, the photosensitive drums 4 of the image forming units 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3K are uniformly charged by the charging unit 5, and then formed by a writing unit (not shown). An electrostatic latent image corresponding to the image to be formed is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 4, and toner is supplied to the electrostatic latent image from the developing unit 6, so that each color toner image is formed on each photosensitive drum 4. Each color toner image formed on each photoconductive drum 4 is superimposed and transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 2 by each primary transfer member 7, whereby a four-color full-color toner image is formed on the intermediate transfer belt 2. This full-color toner image is collectively transferred by the secondary transfer unit 10 to transfer paper supplied from the paper feed cassette 9 by a pair of paper feed rollers and registration rollers, and the transfer paper on which the toner image is transferred passes through the fixing unit 11. After the toner image is fixed by heat and pressure, the toner image is discharged to the paper discharge unit 12. Each photosensitive drum 4 after the toner image transfer has its surface remaining toner removed by a cleaning device 8, and the intermediate transfer belt 2 after toner transfer has its residual toner removed by a belt cleaning device 13.

  The image forming apparatus 1 is characterized by a developing device. In a normal developing device, a developer used for development is agitated and mixed with toner and a carrier inside the developing unit. Developer agitating units 14 are disposed at locations away from the developing units 6 provided in the units 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3K. The developer agitation unit 14 reliably performs mixing and agitation of the developer and the replenishment toner, and stably disperses and charges the toner. The toner agitation and the charge amount are stabilized by the action of the developer agitating unit 14 and stable image formation can be performed. In each developing unit 6 of each of the image forming units 3Y, 3M, 3C, and 3K, the developer after the developing operation is sent from the developing unit 6 to the developer stirring unit 14 through the developer discharge channel 15. New toner is replenished in the developer agitation unit 14, and the developer sufficiently agitated in the developer agitation unit 14 is discharged quantitatively by a rotary feeder (not shown). The discharged developer is conveyed by the pressure of air sent from an air pump 16 as a developer conveying means, and is returned to the developing unit 6 through the developer conveying path 17. Replenishment of new toner to the developer stirring unit 14 is performed by supplying toner from a toner hopper (or toner cartridge) 18 little by little. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 19 denotes an air suction port of the air pump 16, reference numeral 20 denotes an external air suction path, reference numeral 21 denotes a dehumidifier, and reference numeral 22 denotes an air intake port.

  FIG. 2 shows a developing device 23 used in an embodiment of the present invention. As described above, the developing device 23 includes the developing unit 6 that is disposed in the vicinity of the photosensitive drum 4 and the developer stirring unit 14 that is disposed at a position different from the developing unit 6. The developer is transported from the unit 14 to the developing unit 6 through the developer transport path 17 and the developer charging unit 24, and a two-component developer in which toner and a carrier are mixed is used as the developer. .

  The developing unit 6 includes a developer supply unit 25 and a developer discharge unit 26 to which a developer charging unit 24 is connected. The developer conveyed by air from the developer stirring unit 14 is supplied from the developer charging unit 24. The developer is supplied to the developing unit 6 via the developer supplying unit 25 and is used for development, and the developer is dropped by its own weight in the developer discharging channel 15 connecting the developer discharging unit 26 and the developer stirring unit 14 and developed. It is configured to circulate between the developing unit 6 and the developer stirring unit 14 by being returned to the developer stirring unit 14.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the developing unit 6 includes a developing roller 27 and two conveying screws 28 and 29 in a casing 30. The developing roller 27 has a magnet inside, and has a known configuration in which the toner is adhered to the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 4 by attracting and conveying the developer. The transport screw 28 is rotationally driven so as to transport the developer from the front to the back in FIG. 3, and the transport screw 29 is rotationally driven so as to transport the developer from the back to the front in FIG. The inside of the casing 30 is divided into two by a partition plate 31, and the conveying screws 28 and 29 are respectively arranged in the divided spaces. The developing roller 27 and the two conveyance screws 28 and 29 constitute a circulation conveyance mechanism, and these are rotationally driven by a motor 49 (see FIG. 2) provided outside the casing 30 via a drive transmission mechanism (not shown). The

  In the partition plate 31, the end on the far side in FIG. 3 is interrupted, and the developer can move from the transport screw 28 toward the transport screw 29. A developer discharge unit 26 is disposed on the front side of the transport screw 29, and a developer supply unit 25 is disposed on the front side of the transport screw 28. A doctor blade 32 for restricting the developer adhering to the developing roller 27 to a certain amount is disposed in the casing 30 located in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 27. The casing 30 has an opening for supplying the developer from the developing roller 27 to the photosensitive drum 4 at a portion facing the photosensitive drum 4, and there is a gap between the casing 30 and the developing roller 27. Yes. With such a configuration, when air is blown into the casing 30 for conveying the developer and the internal pressure of the developing unit 6 is increased, the developer is blown out of the casing 30 through the gap and the opening. Is a problem.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the developer agitating portion 14 is provided with a casing 35 in which the diameter becomes smaller toward the discharge port 34 such as an inverted conical shape and the developer is stored inside. The upper portion of the casing 35 is provided with a developer supply port 33, and the lower portion is provided with a discharge port 34. Inside the casing 35, a screw 36 for conveying the developer from below to above and two stirring members 37 are rotatably provided. The screw 36 is disposed at the center position of the casing 35, and the respective agitating members 37 are disposed symmetrically outside the screw 36, and the developer in the casing 35 is mixed by rotating them.

  The screw 36 and the stirring member 37 are rotationally driven by a motor 38 as a developer conveying means. The screw 36 is directly connected to a motor 38, and each stirring member 37 is rotated at a reduced speed through a reduction gear train composed of gears 39a to 39d. The developer is transported from the developer replenishing port 33 to the discharge port 34 by gravity, so that the developer is always present in the developer stirring unit 14 so that unmixed developer is not discharged as it is. It is configured. The developer lifted upward from below by the rotation of the screw 36 moves downward along with the rotation of each stirring member 37 that rotates outside the screw 36 and is gathered around the screw 36 again. Thus, the developer is constantly convected in the casing 35, and the entire developer in the casing 35 is uniformly mixed by the convection.

  The developer used in this embodiment is a two-component developer, and the toner is charged by friction with the carrier. Therefore, in order to obtain the charge amount quickly, the contact efficiency between the toner and the carrier is improved. Although it is important that the developer is convected in the casing 35, the contact efficiency is increased and the damage to the developer is small. As the toner is consumed, new toner is replenished to the casing 35 from the toner hopper 18, and new toner is replenished by driving a motor 40 to rotate a small conveyance screw (not shown) disposed inside the toner supply path 41. As a result, new toner in the toner hopper 18 is conveyed into the casing 35. The small conveying screw (not shown) is configured to be able to convey a certain amount of new toner in the toner hopper 18 by rotation.

  A rotary feeder 42 is disposed below the developer stirring unit 14 as shown in FIG. The rotary feeder 42 is disposed so as to communicate with the casing 35, and has a function of discharging a constant amount of developer from the casing 35. The rotary feeder 42 has a casing 43 and an impeller 44 rotatably provided therein. The impeller 44 is rotated by a motor 45 as developer conveying means shown in FIG. Each developer is discharged downward.

  A junction 46 is provided below the impeller 44. An air passage 47 connected to the supply port of the air pump 16 and an inlet 48 serving as one end of the developer transport path 17 connected to the developer charging unit 24 are connected to the junction 46. A fixed amount of developer discharged by the air pump is placed on the air supplied from the air pump 16 and is conveyed by air to the developer charging unit 24. That is, the developer discharged by a certain amount from the rotary feeder 42 is transported by the air inside the developer transport path 17 by the air pressure supplied from the air pump 16, and is supplied from the developer charging unit 24 of the developing unit 6 to the developer supplying unit. Returned to 25.

  Next, features of the present invention will be described. In the developing device 23 shown in the present embodiment, the developer used for the development in the developing unit 6 is sent from the developer discharging unit 26 to the developer stirring unit 14 through the developer discharging channel 15, and a new developing unit 23 is provided here. The toner is replenished and sufficiently agitated and mixed, and the developer in a properly charged state is returned to the developing unit 6 via the developer transport path 17 to perform a stable developing operation. Each component is configured such that when the air used for conveyance flows into the casing 30, the developer that is always present in the developing unit 6 serves as a barrier to block the outflow path through which air leaks to the outside of the developing unit 6. It has a feature to control the operation of the member.

FIG. 5 assumes a time T1 from when the air pump 16 is started to when the developer starts to be conveyed until the developer reaches the developer supply unit 25 when the developer remains in the developer conveyance path 17. Measured according to the change in the bulk density of the residual developer, and the weight of the residual developer is constant at this time. As apparent from FIG. 5, when the bulk density of the residual developer increases, the time T1 from when the developer starts to be conveyed until it reaches the developer supply unit 25 increases. Here, the bulk density of the developer changes according to the toner concentration to be used, and in this embodiment, the developer changes from 1.7 g / cm ³ which is the maximum toner concentration to 2.0 g / cm ³ which is the minimum toner concentration. . Furthermore the bulk density also varies with press compaction state due to the weight and vibration of the developer, the value of 2.2 g / cm ³ in FIG. 5 is a value in a state in which compacted by applying vibration.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the time T1 varies from about 1 second to about 8 seconds within the assumed change range of the bulk density of the developer. Since the developer circulation time in the developing unit 6 shown in the present embodiment is about 2 seconds, the developer in the developing unit 6 will not be depleted if the delay time T1 is about 1 second. When the time T1 exceeds 2 seconds, the developer in the developing unit 6 is depleted and the barrier due to the developer as described above disappears, so that the developer transporting air flows out of the developing unit 6 and toner scattering occurs. The trouble of doing occurs. The amount of toner scattering is several tens of times that when the developer is not depleted.

In order to solve the above-described problem, when a command for operating the developing device 23 is issued from a control unit (not shown) of the image forming apparatus 1 as the first embodiment, first, an air pump 16 that is a developer conveying means, a motor 38, the motor 45 is activated, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the motor 49 that activates the developing roller 27 and the conveying screws 28 and 29, which are circulation conveying mechanisms, is activated. FIG. 6 shows the control means used in the first embodiment. The control means 50 controls the operations of the air pump 16 and the motors 38, 45, and 49, respectively. Here, the predetermined time is determined based on the relationship between the developer bulk density and time T1 in FIG. 5 and the relationship between the developer toner density and developer bulk density shown in FIG. The predetermined time is determined by obtaining the bulk density of the developer based on a control value of a certain toner density. For example, when the control value of the toner concentration is 7 wt%, a bulk density of 1.8 g / cm ³ is derived from FIG. 7, and the predetermined time T1 is determined to be 2 seconds from FIG. In this case, a conversion formula for determining the predetermined time T1 directly from the control value of the toner density may be obtained, and the predetermined time may be determined using the converted value.

  With the above-described configuration, it is possible to prevent the developer in the developing unit 6 from being depleted, and since there is no barrier due to the developer, air for transporting the developer flows out of the developing unit 6 and toner scattering occurs. Can be prevented.

FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. This second embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in that a sensor 51 is used as detection means. The sensor 51 for measuring the magnetic permeability of the space is disposed in the vicinity of the most upstream position of the developer transport path 17 and is usually applied by applying the change in the magnetic permeability depending on the amount of the developer present in the measurement space. This is used for toner density measurement. The amount of the developer present in the measurement space is equivalent to the bulk density of the developer, and the predetermined time is determined by measuring the bulk density of the developer based on the output value. FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the output of the sensor 51 and the bulk density of the developer. As apparent from FIG. 9, the output of the sensor 51 changes uniformly with respect to the bulk density of the developer. The bulk density is obtained from the output value, and the predetermined time T1 is determined from the relationship shown in FIG. For example, when the output of the sensor 51 is 2.5 V, the bulk density of the developer is 2.15 g / cm ³ , and the predetermined time T1 is determined as 6 seconds from this value.

Further, as a modified example of determining the predetermined time T1, the predetermined time T1 determined at the maximum value of the assumed bulk density (in this embodiment, 6.5 seconds at a bulk density of 2.2 g / cm ³ ). It may be fixed. In this case, the volume of the space guided from the developer charging unit 24 to the developer supply unit 25 needs to be equal to or larger than the volume of the developer remaining in the developer transport path 17, and the developer overflows from the developing unit 6. Need to prevent.

  After starting the air pump 16 and the motors 38 and 45, the motor 49 may be started after the developer present in the developer transport path 17 is started to be transported, or the air pump 16 and the motors 38 and 45 may be started. After the activation, the motor 49 may be activated after the developer flows into the developing unit 6 from the developer conveyance path 17. Here, in order to confirm the transport of the developer, a sensor for detecting the inflow of the developer may be provided in the developer supply unit 25, or a sensor for detecting the behavior of the developer in the middle of the developer transport path 17. It may be provided.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which a color printer is used as the image forming apparatus has been described. However, the image forming apparatus to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to this, and other apparatuses such as a copying machine, a plotter, a facsimile machine, and a multi-function machine thereof can be used. The present invention can also be applied to an image forming apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Image forming apparatus 4 Image carrier (photosensitive drum)
6 Developer 14 Developer Stirrer 15 Developer Discharge Channel 16 Developer Conveying Means (Air Pump)
17 Developer transport path 23 Developing device 27 Circulation transport mechanism (developing roller)
28, 29 Circulating conveyor light (conveying screw)
38, 45 Developer conveying means (motor)
50 Control means 51 Detection means (sensor)

Japanese Patent No. 3391926 Japanese Patent No. 3349286

Claims (7)

A developing unit disposed near the image carrier and having a circulation conveyance mechanism for circulating the developer therein; and a developer agitation unit disposed at a position different from the developing unit; A developer conveying means for conveying the developer from the developer agitating section to the developing section by air conveyance, and is circulated in the developing section by the operation of the circulation conveying mechanism through the developer discharge channel. In the image forming apparatus having a developing device for returning the developed developer to the developer stirring unit,
An image forming apparatus, comprising: a control unit that activates the circulation conveyance mechanism after the developer conveyance unit is activated when starting the operation of the developing device. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1.
An image forming apparatus, wherein after the developer conveying means is operated, the circulation conveying mechanism is operated after the developer present in the developer conveying path is started to be conveyed. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1.
An image forming apparatus, wherein after the developer conveying means is operated, the circulation conveying mechanism is operated after the developer existing in the developer conveying path is introduced into the developing unit. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1.
The circulation transport mechanism is operated after a predetermined time determined by the time until the developer passing through the developer transport path reaches the developing unit after the developer transport means is operated. Image forming apparatus. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4.
2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time is determined by a toner density of the developer. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4.
The image forming apparatus, wherein the predetermined time is determined by a bulk density of the developer. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6.
2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bulk density is detected by a detection unit provided in the developer conveyance path.

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