JP5503931B2 - Daylight insulation sheet and laminated glass - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a daylight insulation sheet having light permeability and heat insulation, and in particular, a daylight insulation sheet provided with a heat insulation structure in a light transmissive sheet body and a combination using the daylight insulation sheet. Related to glass.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of energy saving, various heat-insulating members that suppress heat generated by sunlight entering a room through a window have been proposed. In addition, various heat insulating structures are provided indoors at the boundary with the outside world in order to increase the cooling / heating efficiency. For example, it is widely used for highly heat-insulating wall materials and buildings.

  On the other hand, it is common to install a glass window for daylighting. However, the glass window has a problem that the heat insulating effect is lower than that of the wall material or the like. In a building such as a house, 45% of the total heat energy loss is assumed to be the loss in the lighting part such as a window.

  Further, in automobiles and the like, energy loss due to the movement of heat through the window has been a problem, and there is a strong demand for improvement of heat insulation in the window portion.

  By the way, in order to improve heat insulation in a window, generation | occurrence | production of the heat | fever in the room | chamber interior and vehicle interior by the infrared rays contained in sunlight has become a big subject. Therefore, for example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a structure in which a material having heat ray shielding properties is dispersed in a central layer film between a pair of glass plates in a laminated glass.

JP 2008-156422 A

  However, the laminated glass described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the light transmittance of the laminated glass is lowered because the substance having heat ray shielding properties is uniformly dispersed throughout the film of the intermediate layer. In winter and the like, heat shielding performance is not necessary, but it is desirable to use the heat of sunlight indoors. That is, it is required to have a high heat shielding property in summer, but it is desirable to actively use heat from sunlight in winter. However, although the laminated glass described in Patent Document 1 has excellent heat shielding performance, it has not been possible to effectively use the heat of sunlight in winter.

  The object of the present invention is to provide sufficient lighting in view of the current state of the prior art described above, and when the direction of incident sunlight changes, such as in the morning and evening, or in the summer and winter, If it is desirable, it has sufficient heat shielding capability, and when it is desired to use the heat of sunlight, it is possible to use heat effectively and a combination using the daylighting heat shielding sheet. Related to glass.

  The daylight-insulating sheet according to the present invention includes a light-transmitting sheet main body having a light incident surface and a light emitting surface opposite to the light incident surface, and is provided in the sheet main body. And a plurality of heat shield members extending in the intersecting direction. The plurality of heat shielding members are arranged in the surface direction of the light incident surface so that light incident from the light incident surface is emitted from a partial region of the light incident surface.

  In a specific aspect of the daylighting heat shielding sheet according to the present invention, a direction in which the light shielding member extends is a direction orthogonal to the light incident surface. In this case, it is possible to more effectively control the heat shielding property when the direction of heat ray entering from a heat source such as sunlight changes.

  In another specific aspect of the daylighting heat shielding sheet according to the present invention, the heat shielding member contains a resin, a light-shielding oxide particle having a heat ray shielding function and / or an organic dye compound having a heat ray shielding function. It consists of a resin composition. In this case, the light shielding property can be effectively enhanced by the light shielding oxide particles and / or the organic dye compound having a heat ray shielding function.

  The laminated glass according to the present invention includes a pair of glass plates, and a daylighting heat shielding sheet configured according to the present invention sandwiched between the pair of glass plates.

  According to the daylighting heat shielding sheet according to the present invention, a plurality of heat shielding members extending in a direction intersecting the light incident surface are provided in the resin sheet body made of a translucent resin. Thus, the amount of infrared rays emitted from the light exit surface varies depending on the direction in which light including infrared rays such as sunlight is incident. For example, in the summer, since the sun is higher than in the winter, when the daylighting heat shielding sheet of the present invention is applied to, for example, a window glass, a sufficient heat shielding effect can be obtained in the summer. It is possible to increase the amount of light collected by reducing the heat shielding effect. Similarly, by changing the position of the sun height between morning and evening and daytime, the heat shielding effect can be lowered in the morning and evening, and a high heat shielding effect can be obtained in the time zone when the daytime temperature is high. That is, it is possible to provide a daylighting heat insulation sheet in which the amount of heat insulation changes automatically depending on the position of the infrared ray generation source.

  Further, in the daylighting heat insulation structure using the conventional blind, the surroundings of the window glass become complicated, and the string entanglement may occur, whereas the daylighting heat insulation sheet according to the present invention is applied to the window glass. Therefore, the structure around the window glass is not complicated, the space can be reduced, and no complicated operation is required for the user.

It is a typical front sectional view for explaining the daylighting thermal insulation sheet concerning one example of the present invention, and its operation effect. It is front sectional drawing of the daylighting thermal insulation sheet which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a front sectional view of the daylighting thermal insulation sheet concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is front sectional drawing of the lighting thermal insulation sheet which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is front sectional drawing of the lighting thermal insulation sheet which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is front sectional drawing of the daylighting thermal insulation sheet which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the laminated glass using the lighting thermal insulation sheet | seat which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) applied the lighting thermal insulation sheet | seat of 1st Embodiment to the window glass. It is sectional drawing which shows a state. (A) is a perspective view which shows the metal mold | die used for obtaining the daylighting thermal insulation sheet | seat of 1st Embodiment, (b) is a top view of this metal mold | die.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be clarified by describing specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the cross-sectional shape of a daylight-insulating sheet according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the effects of the daylight-insulating sheet.

  With reference to FIG. 1, the daylight-insulating and heat-insulating sheet 1 includes a sheet body 2 made of a translucent resin. The sheet main body 2 has a light incident surface 2a and a light emitting surface 2b facing the light incident surface 2a. The translucent resin is not particularly limited as long as it is light transmissive. Preferably, a resin having a total light transmittance of 80% or more is desirably used, whereby a sufficient amount of light can be obtained.

  Examples of the translucent resin include cycloolefin polymers, polyesters, acrylic resins, EVA resins, polyvinyl butyral resins, polycarbonate resins, silicone resins, and urethane resins. If necessary, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a plasticizer, or the like may be added to the translucent resin.

  A plurality of heat shield members 3 are arranged in the surface direction of the light incident surface 2a so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the light incident surface 2a of the sheet body 2. Although not necessarily limited, in the present embodiment, one end of the heat shield member 3 is exposed to the light incident surface 2a and the other end does not reach the light emitting surface 2b. In the illustrated cross-sectional shape, the heat shield member 3 has an elongated rectangular shape, but is extended in the paper surface-back direction of the drawing while maintaining this cross-sectional shape. Therefore, in FIG. 1, the cross-sectional shape of the heat shield member 3 is shown. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the heat-insulating member 3 is not limited to an elongated rectangular shape, as will be described in the second embodiment and later described below.

  The plurality of heat shield members 3 are arranged in the surface direction of the light incident surface 2a so that the light incident from the light incident surface 2a is emitted from a partial region of the light emitting surface 2b.

  The heat shield member 3 is made of a material that shields heat rays, that is, infrared rays. Here, the degree to which infrared rays are shielded is not particularly limited, and it can be formed of an appropriate heat shielding material having an infrared shielding function higher than that of the translucent resin constituting the sheet body 2. As such a heat shielding material, for example, a material in which a resin or glass contains heat ray shielding particles having a heat ray shielding function or an organic dye compound having a heat ray shielding function can be used.

Particles having a heat ray shielding function include oxide particles such as tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, tin-doped zinc oxide, and silicon-doped zinc oxide, and heat ray shielding functions such as LaB ₆ particles. Inorganic material particles can be used.

  Examples of the organic dye compounds having the heat ray shielding function include diimonium dyes, aminium dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, anthraquinone dyes, polymethine dyes, benzenedithiol ammonium compounds, thiourea derivatives, and thiol metal complexes. Can be mentioned.

  In addition, although the particle size of the particle | grains which have a heat ray shielding function is not specifically limited, In order to improve a heat ray shielding function, it is preferable to contain the particle | grains which have a heat ray shielding function in a high ratio. Therefore, it is preferable that the particle size of the particles is small.

  Although it does not specifically limit as resin which disperse | distributes the said heat ray shielding particle | grains or a heat ray shielding organic pigment | dye compound, For example, cycloolefin type polymer, polyester, an acrylic resin, EVA resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polycarbonate resin, silicone resin, urethane resin etc. Is mentioned.

  Moreover, when reducing manufacturing cost, it is preferable that resin which comprises the sheet | seat main body 2 and resin used for the organic thermal insulation member 3 are the same.

  The effects of the daylight insulation sheet 1 of this embodiment will be described. For example, the daylight insulation sheet 1 is used by being attached to a window glass of a building. In addition, it is not necessarily required to be bonded to the window glass. The window glass may be a laminated glass, and the daylighting and heat shielding sheet 1 may be used as an intermediate layer of the laminated glass. Or the lighting thermal insulation sheet | seat 1 may be arrange | positioned through the window glass and the clearance gap. Preferably, by adhering to the window glass, the space can be reduced and the daylighting and heat shielding action can be more effectively obtained.

  The window glass is usually arranged so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the ground. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, since the sun S is at a relatively high position in the summer, the approaching direction of the sunlight is relatively with respect to the direction Z perpendicular to the light incident surface 2a as indicated by the arrow A. It has a large inclination angle θ1. Therefore, most of infrared rays contained in sunlight reach the heat shield member 3. Therefore, the amount of infrared rays reaching the light exit surface 2b can be significantly reduced. Thereby, the temperature rise in the room can be suppressed.

  On the other hand, in winter, the sun is at a relatively low position as indicated by Sw. Therefore, the inclination angle with respect to the direction in which the sunlight entering direction Aw is orthogonal to the light incident surface 2a is relatively small. Therefore, a lot of infrared rays pass between the heat shield members 3 and 3 and reach the light exit surface 2b. Therefore, in the winter season when it is desired to increase the room temperature, a large amount of infrared light enters the room from the light exit surface 2b, so that the room temperature can be increased.

  That is, the heat shielding effect can be automatically changed by utilizing the difference in sun height between summer and winter. In addition, although it demonstrated to the example in the summer and winter, since the position of the height of the sun differs in the morning and evening and the daytime, the heat-insulating effect can be automatically changed as described above.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the infrared generation source, that is, the sun as an example of the heat source has been described, but the daylighting heat shielding sheet of the present invention is not limited to the sun, but also when the position of another heat source changes. The heat shielding effect can be changed.

  As is apparent from the description of the heat shielding effect, the heat shielding member 3 corrects the heat shielding effect, but may be formed of a visible light transmissive heat shielding material that transmits visible light. In this case, not only can the amount of infrared rays emitted from the light exit surface 2b be reduced to obtain a heat shielding effect, but also sufficient lighting can be obtained. For that purpose, as the resin, a resin having a high visible light transmittance, for example, a resin used in the sheet body 2 is preferable, and the diameter of the fine particles as the heat ray heat shielding material does not exceed 100 nm.

  In the present embodiment, the heat shield member 3 has a rectangular shape in cross section, and the heat shield effect can be controlled by adjusting the aspect ratio that is the ratio of the length a to the width w. Preferably, the aspect ratio L / W is in the range of 1-20. When the aspect ratio is less than 1, it is difficult to sufficiently widen the heat shield region by the heat shield member 3 when the heat shield state is set as will be described later. On the other hand, when the aspect ratio exceeds 20, the thickness of the sheet body 2 increases. Therefore, it may be difficult to reduce the thickness. Further, although the plurality of heat shielding members 3 are arranged at equal intervals, the heat shielding action can be enhanced by reducing the distance D, while the amount of light collected is increased by increasing the distance D. can do. In this way, by adjusting the cross-sectional shape of the heat shield member 3 and the pitch of the plurality of heat shield members 3, the heat shield effect and the amount of light collected can be adjusted with high accuracy. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the heat shield control amount and the amount of light collected according to the application and environment.

  The width W of the heat shield member 3 is preferably 50 μm or less. If the width of the heat shield member 3 is larger than 50 μm, the heat shield member 3 is easily noticeable when transmitting light when viewed with human eyes, and the visible light transmittance may be reduced in the heat shield state.

  FIGS. 2-6 is front sectional drawing of each lighting thermal insulation sheet | seat which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment-6th Embodiment of this invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the daylighting heat insulation sheet 21 of the second embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the plurality of heat insulation members 22 used in the sheet body 2 is a trapezoid. More specifically, the heat shielding member 22 is provided so as to have an isosceles trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in which the light incident surface 2a side is the lower base and the tip is the upper base.

  On the other hand, in the daylighting thermal insulation sheet 31 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of thermal insulation members 32 have a cross-sectional shape and a wedge shape with a curved side surface. Furthermore, in the daylighting thermal insulation sheet 41 of 4th Embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the thermal insulation member 42 has a triangular cross-sectional shape located in the light-incidence surface 2a. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, in the daylighting heat insulating sheet of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the heat insulating member is not limited to an elongated rectangle, and can be various shapes.

  FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing a daylight insulation sheet 51 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the daylighting thermal insulation sheet 51 of the fifth embodiment, a plurality of thermal insulation members 52 are formed so as to penetrate from the light incident surface 2a of the sheet body 2 to the light emitting surface 2b. Also in the present embodiment, the extending direction of the heat shield member 52 is a direction orthogonal to the light incident surface 2a. As shown in FIG. 5, the heat shield member may be provided so as to penetrate the light incident surface 2a and the light emitting surface 2b.

  Moreover, in the structure shown in FIGS. 1-5, the extending direction of the heat shield member was a direction orthogonal to the light incident surface 2a, but like the daylighting heat shield sheet 61 of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. In addition, the extending direction of the plurality of heat shield members 62 may be a direction inclined with respect to the orthogonal direction, not the direction orthogonal to the light incident surface 2a. That is, in the present invention, the direction in which the heat shield member extends is not particularly limited as long as the direction intersects the light incident surface 2a.

  Therefore, the extending direction of the heat shield member may be appropriately selected in the direction intersecting the light incident surface 2a depending on the use environment, that is, depending on the degree of change in the position of the heat source, the direction of the heat source, and the like.

  In the first to sixth embodiments, the plurality of heat shield members are arranged at regular intervals, but are not necessarily arranged at regular intervals.

  Further, the plurality of heat shielding members do not necessarily have to reach the light incident surface 2a, and may be embedded in the sheet main body 2 or one end may be exposed only on the light emitting surface 2b.

  Fig.7 (a) is sectional drawing which shows the laminated glass using the daylighting thermal insulation sheet | seat 1 which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. In the laminated glass 71, the glass substrates 72 and 73 are laminated | stacked on both surfaces of the daylighting thermal insulation sheet | seat 1. FIG. By arranging the daylighting and heat shielding sheet 1 between such a pair of glass substrates 72 and 73, a laminated glass 71 can be constructed, and a window glass or the like that can automatically change the heat shielding effect according to the present invention. Can be provided. In addition, as shown in FIG.7 (b), you may comprise the window glass from which the said lighting thermal insulation sheet | seat 1 is laminated | stacked on the single side | surface of the glass 74, and the thermal insulation control effect of this invention is thereby obtained.

  In addition, the manufacturing method of the daylighting thermal insulation sheet | seat 1 of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, the said sheet | seat main body 2 can be obtained using the metal mold | die 81 shown to Fig.8 (a) and (b). Here, the mold 81 has a structure in which a plurality of thin plate-like convex portions 83 having the same shape as the heat shield member 3 are arranged on the upper surface of the base plate 82 at equal intervals. The molten resin is supplied onto the mold 81 and cured to obtain the sheet body 2. The daylight-insulating / heat-insulating sheet 1 can be obtained by filling the convex portions formed in the portions corresponding to the thin plate-like convex portions 83 of the sheet body 2 with the material constituting the heat-insulating member 3.

  Not only the manufacturing method using the mold 81, but also a mold roll having an outer peripheral surface with a convex part obtained by inverting the concave part filled with the heat shielding member 3, and the melt-extruded resin is brought into close contact with the mold roll. Thus, the sheet body 2 may be formed. In addition, you may obtain the sheet | seat main body 2 which has a recessed part by the photolithographic method.

  Hereinafter, the effect of this invention is clarified by giving the specific Example and comparative example of the daylighting thermal insulation sheet | seat of this invention.

(Example)
A mold shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B made of nickel having a mold surface having a shape obtained by inverting the shape on the light incident surface 2a side of the sheet main body 2 shown in FIG. 1 was prepared. That is, a convex portion 83 having a rectangular cross section is formed on a flat plate 50 mm × 50 mm made of nickel, and the convex portion 83 has a width W of 10 μm, a height h = 100 μm, and a convex portion. A mold having an interval D = 100 μm was prepared. After the surface of this mold is treated with a fluorine-based mold release agent, an acrylic resin plate (manufactured by Nitto Jushi Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name: Clarex, flat sheet having a thickness of 0.3 mm) is subjected to a mold temperature of 180 ° C. and a press pressure. It was press-molded as 4 MPa, a recess was formed on the surface of the acrylic resin plate, and a sheet body was obtained. When the surface shape of the sheet main body was observed, the concave portion obtained by inverting the convex portion of the mold was accurately transferred.

  On the other hand, an acrylic polymer (poly n-butyl acrylate, Mn = 20,000, MWD = 2.5) containing 10 mol% of a photopolymerizable functional group (acrylate group) as a resin composition for forming a heat shielding member 20 parts by weight, tin-doped indium oxide (average primary particle size: 20 nm) 50 parts by weight, Irgacure 651 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 7.0 parts by weight Prepared.

For masking the convex region of the sheet body, printing the composition for forming a heat shielding member, filling the concave portion with the composition, and irradiating with ultraviolet rays in an amount of 10,000 mJ / cm ² for forming the heat shielding member The composition was cured. Thereafter, the mask used for masking was removed. Thus, the daylighting thermal insulation sheet | seat of the Example with which the recessed part was filled with light and the thermal insulation member was obtained.

(Comparative example)
According to Example 1 of Patent Document 1, Nb ₂ O ₅ was charged into an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution to precipitate niobium hydroxide, and the aqueous solution of titanyl sulfate was 3% in terms of Nb (97% in terms of Ti). Added to. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, washed twice with distilled water, dried, and then fired at 400 ° C. in air to obtain Nb-doped TiO ₂ fine particles. 1 part by weight of the fine particles was added to 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol-2-diethylhexanoate, 0.1 parts by weight of ricinoleic acid was further added, and then dispersed using a bead mill.
To 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral resin having a polymerization degree of 1700 and a butyralization degree of 69 mol%, 41 parts by weight of the prepared plasticizer dispersion is added, and further, the Mg content is 0.006% by weight. Magnesium ethylbutyrate was added and melt-kneaded sufficiently with a mixing roll, and then press molding was performed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a press molding machine to produce a sheet having a thickness of 0.76 mm.

(Evaluation of Examples and Comparative Examples)
The heat shielding sheets of Examples and Comparative Examples were each sandwiched between a pair of glass plates to produce a laminated glass. The light transmittance at a wavelength of 300 to 2100 nm of this laminated glass was measured with a self-recording spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., product number: U-4000). Based on this measurement result, according to JIS R 3106 "Testing method of transmittance, reflectance, and solar heat gain of sheet glass", visible light transmittance (Tv) of the laminated glass at 380 nm to 700 nm, and 300-2100 nm Solar radiation transmittance (Ts) was determined. In that case, the visible light transmittance (Tv) and the solar radiation transmittance (Ts) are measured according to JIS R 3106, and light is incident from a direction inclined by 45 ° from the light incident surface. Similarly, the visible light transmittance (Tv45 ) And solar transmittance (Ts45). The results are shown in Table 1 below.

  As shown in Table 1, in the examples, only the solar radiation transmittance (Ts45) entering from a direction inclined by 45 ° with respect to the light incident surface is greatly reduced, and the shielding property against the heat rays from the oblique direction is high. I was able to confirm.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Light collection thermal insulation sheet 2 ... Sheet | seat main body 2a ... Light incident surface 2b ... Light emission surface 3 ... Heat insulation member 21 ... Light collection thermal insulation sheet 22 ... Heat insulation member 31 ... Light collection thermal insulation sheet 32 ... Heat insulation member 41 ... Light collection Heat shield sheet 42 ... Heat shield member 51 ... Daylight heat shield sheet 52 ... Heat shield member 61 ... Daylight heat shield sheet 62 ... Heat shield member 71 ... Glass 72, 73 ... Glass substrate 74 ... Glass 81 ... Mold 82 ... Base plate 83 ... convex

Claims (2)

A translucent sheet body having a light incident surface and a light emitting surface opposite the light incident surface;
A plurality of heat shield members provided in the sheet main body and extending in a direction intersecting the light incident surface, and light incident from the light incident surface is emitted from a partial region of the light emitting surface. As described above, a plurality of the heat shielding members are arranged in the surface direction of the light incident surface,
The direction in which the heat shield member extends is a direction orthogonal to the light incident surface,
The heat shielding member is made of a resin composition containing a resin, a light-shielding oxide particle having a heat ray shielding function and / or an organic dye compound having a heat ray shielding function, and
The heat shield is a cross-sectional shape is rectangular, it ranges der aspect ratio from 1 to 20,
The lighting thermal insulation sheet | seat whose width | variety of the said thermal insulation member is 50 micrometers or less in the cross section of the said thermal insulation member .   A laminated glass comprising a pair of glass plates and the daylighting and heat shielding sheet according to claim 1 sandwiched between the pair of glass plates.

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