JP5500528B2 - Unit type data center - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a data center which is a facility for installing a large number of servers, and more particularly to a unit type data center in which a plurality of server racks are arranged in a server room in units.

As is well known, a data center is a facility configured by accommodating a large number of servers in a server rack at a high density and arranging a large number of server racks in a server room.
In this type of data center, a cooling facility for processing heat generated from the server is indispensable. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, the server room is partitioned into a hot zone (hot area) and a cold zone (cold area). In general, an air conditioner that efficiently cools the entire server rack is provided.

JP 2010-49330 A

  By the way, when planning this type of data center, it is preferable not to prepare a large facility from the beginning, but to increase the facility step by step according to future demand expansion. Therefore, a unit type data center having a configuration in which a server rack of about several racks to several tens of racks is configured as one unit and the number of servers is increased by appropriately adding such units in units of units. However, at present, an effective and appropriate unit-type data center that can reasonably respond to future facility expansion has not been established, and the actual situation is that various types of data centers are still being explored. It is.

As a representative example of this type of unit type data center, a container type data center using a transport type container is known. this is,
-Easy to transport,
・ Each unit is optimally designed in advance so it has excellent energy savings.
・ Space efficiency as a server room is high.
・ Easy construction and early operation of a data center is possible only by arranging multiple units.
・ It can be an outdoor data center.
While there are advantages such as
-Although the interior of the container is designed to save space, the installation location of the transportable container requires a certain amount of large space (planar direction and height direction), and the space efficiency of the entire data center is not necessarily sufficient.
-Containers cannot be placed next to each other,
-It is not always easy and reasonable to place many containers adjacent to each other in the building.
・ Transportable containers have dimensional restrictions,
However, it is not always effective in these respects, so it has not spread.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an effective and appropriate unit type data center capable of rationally expanding facilities.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of server racks that accommodate a large number of servers are arranged in parallel to form a set of server rack units. A large number of server racks are arranged in a server room as a unit, and cooling for cooling each server is performed. A unit type data center equipped with facilities, wherein a prefab building constructed by assembling prefabricated members is a building, the server room in the building, and an electrical room adjacent to the server room, a ventilation machine room, and an air conditioning machine Each room is installed, and the building can be extended by extending in the left-right direction. The air-conditioning machine room is arranged on one side in the front-rear direction of the building, and the other side is configured in two upper and lower layers. The electrical room is installed in the upper layer, the ventilation machine room is installed in the upper layer, and the server room is installed between the air conditioning machine room, the electrical room and the ventilation machine room. A cold area and a hot area for circulating cooling air around each server rack unit by arranging the server rack units in the server room along the front-rear direction of the building and at intervals in the left-right direction. Securing the cooling equipment by an exhaust fan installed in the ventilation machine room and an air conditioner installed in the air conditioning machine room, and the outside air taken in from the outside air intake by the exhaust fan from the air conditioning machine room. The warm air that is supplied to the server room and passed through the server rack from the cold area to cool the server can be exhausted from the hot area to the outside through the ventilation machine room, and prepared by the air conditioner. Cool air is supplied from the air-conditioning machine room to the server room, and from the cold area through the server rack. Casa was characterized by recovery to be circulated can be configured into the air conditioning machine room part of the warm air to cool the server as return air from the hot area.

The unit type data center according to the present invention is expanded to extend in the left-right direction while maintaining the basic form of the building when facility expansion is required, thereby providing a server room, an electric room, and a ventilation machine room. Because the space in the air conditioning machine room can be simply expanded, the server rack can be expanded in units in the expanded server room, and the electrical and cooling facilities associated with it can be easily expanded in a simple pattern. Is possible.
In particular, in the present invention, the building can be extended with a short construction period, low cost, and high quality by simply assembling the prefabricated members, which are industrially manufactured according to a predetermined standard, in the field. Can be realized in a short construction period and at a low cost, without impairing the original advantages of the conventional unit type data center, and while avoiding the disadvantages while taking into account the design method in the container type data center. .
Moreover, since the data center of this invention can adjust the length of the left-right direction freely according to the dimension of a prefabricated member, the facility construction of the optimal dimension according to the shape of a data center plan site is possible.
Therefore, the data center of the present invention not only has excellent expandability, but is also advantageous from the viewpoint of space saving and energy saving, can improve the capital investment efficiency, and is a reasonable form of data center considering facility expansion. There is optimal.

It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the unit type data center which is embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing (II-II line view in FIG. 1) which shows the cross-sectional shape of the front-back direction similarly. It is sectional drawing (III-III line view in FIG. 1) which shows the cross-sectional shape of the left-right direction similarly. It is a top view which shows the minimum unit of the unit type data center of embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the application example of the unit type data center of embodiment shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a top view which shows schematic structure at the time of omitting the hot area of a server room lower layer as a structure which exhausts the heat | fever of a server rack upwards. is there. It is a top view which shows the minimum unit of the unit type data center of embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the application example of the unit type data center of embodiment shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure at the time of comprising a building in two layers.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The unit type data center according to the present embodiment mainly uses a prefab building as the building 1 of the entire facility.

As is well known, a prefab building is a simple building constructed by assembling on-site prefabricated members that are prefabricated and manufactured in advance according to a predetermined standard. For example, a temporary office or a warehouse at a construction site, etc. As in the past, it is frequently used.
In this embodiment, by using such a prefab building as the data center building 1,
-Since this type of prefab building has a certain degree of freedom in size, number of floors and shape, it is possible to freely build a building with the desired shape and dimensions according to the planned site shape and server rack conditions, and Can be easily extended,
・ Because it is a simple building system that is handled as a building under the Building Standards Act, the confirmation application period and construction period can be shortened.
・ The housing cost is significantly lower than that of normal full-scale buildings.
-Once the design as a building in the data center is implemented once for each basic unit, it can be repeated and diverted, and the design period and design effort can be reduced for new construction and expansion.
Various advantages are obtained.

  In the data center of the present embodiment, the server room 2 and the electrical room 3, the ventilation machine room 4, and the air conditioning machine room 5 that are required to be attached to the server room 2 are all installed in the building 1 composed of the prefab building. In the future facility expansion, the building 1 can be extended so as to extend in the left-right direction (the vertical direction of the paper surface in FIG. 1; the left-right direction of the paper surface in FIG. 3). By arranging them adjacent to each other in the direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2), it is possible to easily secure the required space of each room after extension.

In the present specification, the direction in which the building 1 is expanded as described above is referred to as the “left-right direction”, and the orthogonal direction thereof is referred to as the “front-rear direction”. It is merely a matter of showing the direction for identifying the above.
For example, when the building in the data center according to the present invention is configured by a two-way frame structure in the beam-to-beam direction and the column direction in the same manner as a general building, since it is realistic to extend in the column direction, in that case The cross-beam direction corresponds to the left-right direction (that is, the extension direction) in the above embodiment, and the inter-beam direction corresponds to the front-rear direction (direction orthogonal to the extension direction).
However, in the present invention, the direction in which the building should be extended may be arbitrarily set according to the frame type, planar shape, scale, site shape, and other conditions of the entire building, and then the building in a specific direction. It is only necessary to adopt a frame format that can efficiently perform extension in that direction on the premise of extension, and that the above-mentioned rooms can be adjacently arranged in the orthogonal direction without hindrance.

  Now, in this embodiment, on the assumption that the building 1 is expanded in the left-right direction as described above, the air-conditioning machine room 5 is arranged on one side in the front-rear direction in the building 1 (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2). The other side (same right side) of the building 1 has two upper and lower layers, an electrical room 3 in the lower layer, a ventilation machine room 4 in the upper layer, and the server room 2 in the air conditioning machine room 5 and the electrical room. 3 is installed.

In the server room 2, a plurality of server racks 6 (for example, 10 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 2 in this embodiment) are arranged in parallel, as in a general unit type data center. By arranging a set of server rack units 7 along the front-rear direction of the building 1 in a state where a space is secured in the left-right direction of the building 1, cooling air (outside air or cold air) is provided between the server rack units 7. Cold areas (CA) and hot areas (HA) for distribution are alternately secured.
In the illustrated example, as shown in FIG. 3, two sets of six server rack units 7 are arranged opposite to each other in the server room 2, and a shielding plate 8 is installed on the upper side of the opposite surfaces, thereby there. A cold area is secured, and the cold area communicates with the air conditioning machine room 5 via the passage 9 in the server room 2.
Further, the back side of each server rack unit 7 is a hot area that leads from the upper part of the server room 2 to the ventilation machine room 4.
A cable rack 10 that leads to the electrical chamber 3 is disposed in the upper part of the cold area between the server rack units 7 (lower part of the shielding plate 8).

In the electrical room 3, a large number of various electrical facilities (indicated by broken lines) such as UPS, battery, input / output panel, output transformer panel, etc. are gathered and installed. The cables for connecting to the cable 6 are laid on the cable rack 10.
In addition, it is preferable that these electrical facilities have a redundant configuration in consideration of backup. In addition, it is preferable that these electrical facilities have a configuration that can easily cope with future facility expansion. Furthermore, a ventilation facility and an air conditioner for cooling the inside of the electrical chamber 3 may be provided in the electrical chamber 3 as necessary.

Further, the data center of the present embodiment is provided with an exhaust fan 12 and an air conditioner 13 as a cooling facility 11 for cooling each server rack 6, and as shown in FIG. Are installed in the ventilation machine room 4 and the air conditioning machine room 5, respectively.
That is, the exhaust fan 12 is installed on a base 14 installed outside the building 1 and installed outside the ventilation machine room 4, and warm air after cooling the server is exchanged between the upper part of the server room 2 and the ventilation machine room 4. It is configured to be sucked through the exhaust damper 15 installed therebetween and exhausted to the outside. The exhaust fan 12 may be installed in the ventilation machine room 4 instead of being installed outside the building 1 as in the illustrated example.

The air conditioner 13 includes an air supply fan 13A and a cooling coil 13B (preferably a dry coil that does not cause dew condensation when the cooling temperature is equal to or higher than the dew point temperature). The cooling coil 13B is installed between the mixing chamber 5a defined in the upper layer in the air conditioning machine room 5, and the outside air intake port 16 is provided in the mixing chamber 5a. And a return damper 17 that communicates with the upper part of the server room 2.
In addition, the shape of the external air intake 16 in the illustrated example is an example, and the shape is arbitrary.

The cooling facility 11 configured as described above efficiently controls each server rack 6 by maintaining the temperature of the cooling air supplied to the server room 2 at, for example, about 28 ° C. so as to flow in one direction in the building 1. Cooling.
Specifically, when the outside air temperature exceeds 28 ° C. in summer or the like, the exhaust fan 12 and the air supply fan 13A are operated, and the outside air intake port 16 enters the mixing chamber 5a as shown by the arrows in the figure. The outside air is taken in and cooled by a cooling coil 13B to prepare a cold air of about 28 ° C., and the cold air is supplied from the air conditioning machine room 5 to the server room 2 to provide a cold area between the internal passage 9 and each server rack unit 7. Each server rack 6 is passed through to cool each server, and the warmed air after cooling is sucked from the hot area on the back side of each server rack unit 7 through the upper part of the server room 2 through the exhaust damper 15 to the ventilation machine room 4. And exhausted to the outside.

Further, when the outside air temperature is 28 ° C. or less in the intermediate period or winter season, the exhaust fan 12 and the supply fan 13A are similarly operated to take in the outside air, but the preparation of the cold air by the cooling coil 13B is omitted. Then, the taken-in outside air is supplied as it is from the air conditioning machine room 5 to the server room 2, and each server rack 6 is similarly passed through the cold area between the passage 9 and each server rack unit 7, thereby cooling each server. The remaining warm air is sucked from the hot area through the upper part of the server room 2 to the ventilation machine room 4 through the exhaust damper and exhausted to the outside. When the outside air temperature is too low, By collecting a part through the return air damper 17 into the mixing chamber 5a (indicated by broken arrows in FIG. 2) and mixing with the outside air taken therein So that the preparation of a supply air temperature of the server room 2 to about 28 ° C..
Of course, in order to perform the control as described above, the temperature and pressure are detected at the important points in the cold area and the hot area, and the server room 2 is cooled based on the server operation rate, current value, surface temperature and other information. The load, temperature distribution, differential pressure of each part, etc. are monitored, and the cooling coil 13B, the air supply fan 13A, the exhaust fan 11, the exhaust damper 15 and the return air damper 17 are controlled based on this to perform optimum cooling. It is preferable to provide a device for performing appropriate measurement, measurement, monitoring and control for performing such control.

In addition, it is preferable to make the cooling equipment 11 into a redundant configuration in consideration of backup, and it is preferable to arrange a plurality of main devices such as at least the exhaust fan 11, the supply fan 13A, and the cooling coil 13B in parallel.
In addition, the cooling facility 11 may have at least a capability corresponding to the cooling load at that time, but it is possible to easily cope with it by taking into account the expansion of the cooling facility 11 associated with future facility expansion. In order to do so, it is preferable that the cooling equipment 11 can be expanded in units.
For example, in the illustrated example, two sets of server rack units 7 having a total of 20 server racks 6 are to be cooled, and cooling equipment 11 mainly composed of two supply fans 13A and two exhaust fans 12 is used as one unit. In the future expansion, the cooling equipment 11 may be basically expanded in units of such units.

In short, the minimum unit of the unit type data center 1 of the present embodiment is the server room 2, the electric room 3, the ventilation machine room 4, the air conditioning machine room 5, and the equipment installed therein as shown in FIG. It is set as having the minimum necessary size and function with all the elements of the What is necessary is just to add in the form which adds it to the left-right direction only by the required number.
In that case, the outer wall of each of the minimum structural units is configured by a prefabricated member. However, when a plurality of minimum structural units are continuously arranged in the left-right direction, the outer walls between them may be omitted, or It may be left as a partition wall.

Based on the above configuration, according to the data center of the present embodiment, when facility expansion is required, the building 1 is extended so as to extend in the left-right direction while maintaining the basic form of the building 1. Accordingly, the space in the server room 2, the electric room 3, the ventilation machine room 4, and the air conditioning machine room 5 is simply expanded by following the cross-sectional shape of the existing part shown in FIG. Therefore, not only can the server rack 6 be expanded in units of the server room 2 after the expansion, but it is also possible to easily add various electrical-related facilities and cooling facilities 11 associated therewith in a simple pattern. It is also possible to carry out extension work while the entire facility is in operation.
In other words, even if the building 1 made of a prefab building is similarly expanded, if the building 1 is expanded not in the left-right direction but in the front-rear direction (front side or back side) as in the above embodiment, the form of the entire building 1 before and after the extension Since the internal plan will change significantly, it will be necessary to make a new plan and design for the extension, and the construction will be much larger, which is not rational.

In particular, in the present invention, the extension of the building 1 can be performed in a short period of time, at a low cost, and with a high quality only by assembling a prefabricated member that has been industrially manufactured according to a predetermined standard in the field. The entire extension work can be realized in a short construction period and at a low cost.
Of course, the data center of the present invention does not impair the advantages inherent in the conventional unit-type data center, and it is possible to avoid the problems while taking into account the design method in the container-type data center.
From the above, the data center of the present invention not only has excellent expandability, but is also advantageous from the viewpoint of space saving and energy saving, can realize improvement in capital investment efficiency, and data considering facility expansion and site shape conformity It is reasonable and optimal as a center form.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the above embodiment is merely a preferred example, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and is within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, that is, Assuming that a building consisting of prefabricated buildings will be expanded in a specific direction, each room is placed adjacent to each other in the orthogonal direction, thereby reducing the total space of not only the server room but also the electrical room, ventilation machine room, and air conditioning machine room. As long as it is configured to be expandable, appropriate design changes and applications are possible.
Of course, the area, planar shape, and layout plan of each room in the building may be appropriately designed according to the scale and various conditions of the entire facility, and the configuration and layout plan of the server rack unit installed in the server room. The specific configuration of the cooling facility is also arbitrary as long as it is planned so that each server can be effectively cooled by appropriately securing a cold area and a hot area in the building.

  For example, when the shape of the server rack 6 allows the heat of the server to be exhausted directly upward rather than to the rear side of the rack as shown by the broken line arrows in FIG. 3, the rear surfaces of the server rack units 7 are brought into close contact with each other as shown in FIG. In this case, it is possible to secure the hot area only in the upper layer of the server room 2 and omit the hot area in the lower layer, thereby saving the required space in the left-right direction of the server room 2 It is also possible to do. Note that the minimum structural unit in such a configuration may be as shown in FIG.

In addition, the building may be extended in both the left and right directions as in the above embodiment, but of course, it may be extended only to either the left or right depending on the shape of the site and its use plan.
Further, in addition to extending a single-layer (one-story) building in the left-right direction as in the above embodiment, it is not impossible to add a building to two or more layers, and it is necessary in that case. If there is, structural reinforcement may be applied in advance in consideration of future expansion to the upper layer at the time of new construction. Furthermore, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, it is conceivable that a two-layer or multi-layer building is constructed at the time of new construction, and the building is further expanded in the left-right direction and the upper layer.
In other words, the data center of the present invention has a desired scale, not only by arranging the minimum number of structural units as exemplified in FIG. 4 or FIG. A data center of a desired form can be reasonably constructed and can be reasonably expanded.

1 building (prefabricated building)
2 Server room 3 Electric room 4 Ventilation machine room 5 Air conditioning machine room 5a Mixing chamber 6 Server rack 7 Server rack unit 8 Shield plate 9 Passage 10 Cable rack 11 Cooling equipment 12 Exhaust fan 13 Air conditioner 13A Air supply fan 13B Cooling coil 14 Mount 15 Exhaust damper 16 Outside air intake 17 Return air damper CA Cold area HA Hot area

Claims (1)

A plurality of server racks that accommodate a large number of servers are arranged side by side to form a set of server rack units, and a large number of server racks are arranged in the server room in units of units, and a cooling facility is provided for cooling each server. A unit data center,
A prefab building constructed by assembling prefabricated members is used as a building, and the server room and an electrical room, a ventilation machine room, and an air conditioning machine room adjacent to the server room are installed in the building, and the building is moved in the horizontal direction. The air conditioning machine room is arranged on one side in the front-rear direction of the building, and the other side is composed of two layers, upper and lower, and the electric room is installed in the lower layer part and the upper layer part is arranged in the upper layer part. Installed a ventilation machine room,
The server room is installed between the air conditioning machine room, the electrical room, and the ventilation machine room, and the server rack units are arranged in the server room along the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the building. By securing a cold area and a hot area for circulating cooling air around each server rack unit,
The cooling facility includes an exhaust fan installed in the ventilation machine room and an air conditioner installed in the air conditioning machine room, and the outside air taken in from the outside air intake by the exhaust fan is transferred from the air conditioning machine room to the server room. The warm air that has been supplied and passed through the server rack from the cold area to cool the server can be exhausted from the hot area to the outside through the ventilation machine room, and the cold air prepared by the air conditioner is A part of the warm air that is supplied from the air conditioning machine room to the server room and passes through the server rack from the cold area to cool the server can be recovered and circulated as return air from the hot area to the air conditioning machine room. A unit type data center characterized by comprising.

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