JP5587184B2 - 繊維症阻害剤としての置換n−アリールピリジノン - Google Patents
繊維症阻害剤としての置換n−アリールピリジノン Download PDFInfo
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- JP5587184B2 JP5587184B2 JP2010513457A JP2010513457A JP5587184B2 JP 5587184 B2 JP5587184 B2 JP 5587184B2 JP 2010513457 A JP2010513457 A JP 2010513457A JP 2010513457 A JP2010513457 A JP 2010513457A JP 5587184 B2 JP5587184 B2 JP 5587184B2
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- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N troglitazone Chemical compound C1CC=2C(C)=C(O)C(C)=C(C)C=2OC1(C)COC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001641 troglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-NTKDMRAZSA-N troglitazone Natural products C([C@@]1(OC=2C(C)=C(C(=C(C)C=2CC1)O)C)C)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C[C@H]1SC(=O)NC1=O GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-NTKDMRAZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005041 troleandomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LQCLVBQBTUVCEQ-QTFUVMRISA-N troleandomycin Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@H](C)[C@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@@]2(OC2)C[C@H](C)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)OC(C)=O)[C@H]1C LQCLVBQBTUVCEQ-QTFUVMRISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WVPSKSLAZQPAKQ-CDMJZVDBSA-N trovafloxacin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]1C1)N)N1C(C(=CC=1C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=C2)F)=NC=1N2C1=CC=C(F)C=C1F WVPSKSLAZQPAKQ-CDMJZVDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000497 trovafloxacin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000003298 tumor necrosis factor receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229960002703 undecylenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000701447 unidentified baculovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920011532 unplasticized polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006217 urethral suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940120293 vaginal suppository Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003165 vancomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-N vancomycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C2C=C3C=C1OC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C=3C(O)=CC=C1C=3)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)Cl)O2)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC)[C@H]1C[C@](C)(N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N vancomycin Natural products O1C(C(=C2)Cl)=CC=C2C(O)C(C(NC(C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C=2C(O)=CC=C3C=2)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C3NC(=O)C2NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC)C(O)C(C=C3Cl)=CC=C3OC3=CC2=CC1=C3OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC1CC(C)(N)C(O)C(C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117960 vanillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002381 vardenafil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004740 voriconazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BCEHBSKCWLPMDN-MGPLVRAMSA-N voriconazole Chemical compound C1([C@H](C)[C@](O)(CN2N=CN=C2)C=2C(=CC(F)=CC=2)F)=NC=NC=C1F BCEHBSKCWLPMDN-MGPLVRAMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005051 zero-point vibrational energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
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Description
またはその医薬上許容し得る塩、溶媒和物、もしくはプロドラッグを本明細書に開示し、式中:
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、およびR11は、水素および重水素からなる群から選択され、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、およびR11のうちの少なくとも1つは、重水素であり、
R7、R8、R9、R10、およびR11が重水素である場合、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、およびR6のうちの少なくとも1つは重水素である。
a)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、該化合物またはその代謝産物の血漿レベルにおける個人間の変動の減少、
b)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、その投与量単位当たりの該化合物の平均血漿レベルの増加、
c)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、その投与量単位当たりの該化合物の少なくとも1つの代謝産物の平均血漿レベルの減少、
d)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、その投与量単位当たりの該化合物の少なくとも1つの代謝産物の平均血漿レベルの増加、
e)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、その投与量単位当たりの該対象の処置の間の臨床効果の改善、のうちの少なくとも1つを有する。
a)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、該化合物またはその代謝産物の血漿レベルにおける個人間の変動の減少、
b)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、その投与量単位当たりの該化合物の平均血漿レベルの増加、
c)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、その投与量単位当たりの該化合物の少なくとも1つの代謝産物の平均血漿レベルの減少、
d)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、その投与量単位当たりの該化合物の少なくとも1つの代謝産物の平均血漿レベルの増加、
e)該非同位体的に濃縮した化合物と比較した場合に、その投与量単位当たりの該対象の処置の間の臨床効果の改善、のうちの少なくとも2つを有する。
背景技術の項目におけるものを含む、本明細書で引用されたすべての発行物および参考文献は、それら全体を参照することにより本明細書に明示的に組み込まれる。しかしながら、組み込まれた発行物または参考文献の両方で見られるいかなる類似または同一の語句、および本文書で明確に記載または定義される語句に関しても、本文書で明確に記載されるそれら語句の定義または意味は、あらゆる点で優先するものとする。
その循環系から、治療的薬剤等の、外来の基質を削除するために、動物の体は、シトクロムP450酵素またはCYP、エステラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、リダクターゼ、デヒドロゲナーゼおよびモノアミンオキシダーゼ等の種々の酵素を発現して、それらの外来基質と反応し、腎排出のために、より極性の中間体または代謝物に変換する。最も一般的な医薬化合物の代謝反応のいくつかには、炭素−酸素(C−O)または炭素−炭素(C−C)π−結合のいずれかに結合した、炭素−水素(C−H)の酸化が含まれる。結果として得られた代謝物は、生理学的条件下で、安定であるか、または不安定であり、親化合物に対して、実質的に異なる薬物動態学的、薬力学的、および急性および長期毒性特性を有し得る。ほとんどの薬物に対して、このような酸化は一般的に迅速であり、最終的に、複数回投与または高い一日用量の投与をもたらす。
ピルフェニドンは、置換ピリジノンベースの線維性媒介性調節因子および/またはコラーゲン浸潤調節因子である。ピルフェニドンの炭素−水素結合は、天然に存在する分布の水素同位元素、特に1Hすなわちプロチウム(約99.9844%)、2Hすなわち重水素(約0.0156%)、および3Hすなわちトリチウム(1018プロチウム原子当たり約0.5から67までのトリチウム原子)を含有する。重水素の取り込みのレベルの増加は、天然に存在するレベルの重水素を有する化合物と比較して、線維性媒介性調節因子および/またはコラーゲン浸潤調節因子の薬物動態学的、薬理学的および/または毒素学的プロファイルに影響を及ぼす可能性がある、検出可能な速度論的同位体効果(KIE)を生じ得る。
またはその医薬上許容し得る塩、溶媒和物、もしくはプロドラッグを本明細書に開示し、式中:
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、およびR11は、水素および重水素からなる群から選択され、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、およびR11のうちの少なくとも1つは、重水素であり、
R7、R8、R9、R10、およびR11が重水素である場合、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、およびR6のうちの少なくとも1つは重水素である。
スキーム2
本明細書に開示されるのは、活性成分として、医薬上許容し得るビヒクル、担体、希釈剤、もしくは賦形剤、またはその混合物と組み合わせて、またはその混合物として、すなわち、1つ以上の医薬上許容し得る賦形剤または担体との組み合わせにおいて、本明細書に開示される化合物、またはその医薬上許容し得る塩、溶媒和物、もしくはプロドラッグを含む医薬組成物である。
本明細書に開示される医薬組成物は、経口投与用に、固体、半固体、または液体の剤形で製剤化してよい。本明細書に使用される経口投与はまた、口腔投与、舌投与、および舌下投与も含まれる。適切な経口剤形としては、錠剤、カプセル剤、丸薬、トローチ、薬用キャンデー、芳香錠、カシェ剤、ペレット剤、薬用チューイングガム、顆粒剤、原末、発泡性または非発泡性粉末剤もしくは顆粒剤、溶液、エマルション、懸濁剤、溶液、ウエハース、噴霧剤、エリキシル剤、およびシロップ剤が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。活性成分に加えて、該医薬組成物は、結合剤、充填剤、希釈剤、崩壊剤、湿潤剤、滑沢剤、流動促進剤、着色剤、色流れ阻害剤、甘味剤、香料添加剤が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない、1つ以上の医薬上許容し得る担体または賦形剤を含有し得る。
本明細書に開示される医薬組成物は、局所投与または全身投与のために、注射、注入、またはインプラントによる非経口で投与してよい。本明細書に使用される非経口投与には、静脈内投与、動脈内投与、腹腔内投与、くも膜下投与、脳室内投与、尿道内投与、胸骨内投与、頭蓋内投与、筋肉内投与、骨液嚢内投与、および皮下投与が含まれる。
本明細書に開示される医薬組成物は、皮膚、開口部、または粘膜に局所的に投与することができる。本明細書に使用される局所投与には、皮膚(内)投与、結膜投与、角膜内投与、眼内投与、経眼投与、経耳投与、経皮投与、経鼻投与、膣内投与、尿道内投与、呼吸器投与、および直腸投与が含まれる。
本明細書に開示される医薬組成物は、改変放出剤形として製剤化してよい。本明細書に使用される「改変放出(modified release)」という用語は、活性成分(類)の放出の速度または位置が、同一の経路によって投与される場合に、即効性剤形のものとは異なる、剤形を指す。可変放出剤形には、遅延放出剤形、徐放性錠剤、長期放出剤形、持続放出剤形、パルス放出剤形、制御放出剤形、加速放出剤形および高速放出剤形、標的化放出剤形、プログラムされた放出剤形、ならびに胃貯留剤形が含まれる。改変放出剤形における医薬組成物は、マトリックス制御放出器具、浸透圧制御放出器具、多重微粒子制御放出器具、イオン−交換樹脂、腸溶性コーティング、多重層化コーティング、ミクロスフィア、リポソームおよびこれらの組み合わせが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない、当業者に公知の種々の改変放出器具および方法を用いて調製することができる。活性成分(類)の放出速度はまた、活性成分(類)の粒子の大きさおよび多型性を変更することによって改変することもできる。
改変放出剤形において本明細書に開示される医薬組成物を、当業者に公知のマトリックス制御放出器具を用いて加工してよい(Takada et al in “Encyclopedia of Controlled Drug Delivery,”Vol.2,Mathiowitz ed.,Wiley,1999参照)。
改変放出剤形における本明細書に開示される医薬組成物は、1チャンバー系、2チャンバー系、非対称膜技術(AMT)、および押出成形コア系(ECS)を含む、浸透圧制御放出器具を用いて加工してよい。一般に、このような器具は、少なくとも2つの成分、(a)活性成分(類)を含有するコア、および(b)コアをカプセル封入する、少なくとも1つの送達ポートを有する、半透性膜を有する。半透性膜は、送達ポート(類)を介した押出成形による薬物放出を引き起こすように、利用の水性環境からコアへの水の流入を制御する。
改変放出剤形における本明細書に開示される医薬組成物は、直径約10μm〜約3mm、約50μm〜約2.5mm、または約100μm〜約1mmの範囲で、多数の粒子、顆粒またはペレットを含む、多重微粒子制御放出器具を加工してよい。このような多重微粒子は、湿潤および乾燥顆粒化、押出成形/球形化、ローラー−圧縮、融解−凍結を含む、当業者に公知の工程によって、そしてスプレー−コーティングシードコアによって、作製してよい。例えば、Multiparticulate Oral Drug Delivery;Marcel Dekker:1994、およびPharmaceutical Pelletization Technology;Marcel Dekker:1989参照。
本明細書に開示される医薬組成物はまた、リポソーム、再封鎖赤血球および抗体に基づく送達系を含む、特定の組織、受容体または処置されるべき対象の体の他の領域に標的化するために製剤化してよい。例としては、米国特許第6,316,652号、第6,274,552号、第6,271,359号、第6,253,872号、第6,139,865号、第6,131,570号、第6,120,751号、第6,071,495号、第6,060,082号、第6,048,736号、第6,039,975号、第6,004,534号、第5,985,307号、第5,972,366号、第5,900,252号、第5,840,674号、第5,759,542号、および第5,709,874号が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
線維性媒介性疾患および/またはコラーゲン媒介性疾患のうちの1つ以上の症状を処置、予防、または軽減するための方法を開示し、それには、このような疾患に罹患する、または罹患すると疑われる対象に、治療有効量の本明細書に開示される化合物、またはその医薬上許容し得る塩、溶媒和物、もしくはプロドラッグを投与するステップを含む。
本明細書に開示される化合物はまた、線維性媒介性疾患および/またはコラーゲン媒介性疾患ののうちの1つ以上の症状の処置、予防、または軽減に有用な他の薬剤と一体化して、または組み合わせて用いてもよい。または、例としてのみ、ここに記述される化合物の内の1つの治療有効性は、アジュバントの投与によって増強され得る(すなわち、それ自体によって、アジュバントは、最小の治療的利益のみを示し得るが、別の治療剤との組み合わせで、患者に対する全体的治療利益が増強される)。
本明細書に記載される治療的適用のために、キットおよび製造品もまた本明細書に記載される。このようなキットには、バイアル、チューブ等の1つ以上の容器を受け入れるために区分けされる担体、パッケージ、または容器が含まれ得、各容器(類)には、本明細書に記載される方法において使用されるべき、分離要素のうちの1つが含まれる。好適な容器には、例えば、ボトル、バイアル、シリンジ、および試験チューブが含まれる。容器は、ガラスまたはプラスチック等の種々の材料から形成することができる。
塩化チオニル(6.3mL、86.33mmol)を、0℃で、メタノール中の6−ヒドロキシニコチン酸(10.0g、71.94mmol)の溶液に滴下した。混合物を6時間還流加熱し、溶媒を除去し、標準的な抽出調製は、茶色固体として表題化合物(7.5g、68%)をもたらした。融点166〜172℃;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d6)δ3.77(s,3H)、6.37(d,J=9.3Hz,1H)、7.79(dd,J=2.7,9.5Hz,1H)、8.04(d,J=2.4Hz 1H);IR(KBr)υ3050、2965、1712、1651、1433、1300、1106cm−1;MS154(M+1)。
ステップ2
ジクロロメタン(100mL)中のメチル−6−オキソ−1,6−ジヒドロピリジン−3−カルボキシレート(6.0g、39.22mmol)、フェニルボロン酸(5.74g、47.06mmol)、酢酸銅(II)一水和物(11.76g、58.82mmol)、ピリジン(6.32mL、78.43mmol)、および分子篩(4Å、6.0g)を周囲温度で12時間撹拌し、濾過した。標準的な抽出調製は、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(100〜200メッシュ)(クロロホルム中の1〜2%メタノール)により精製された粗残渣物をもたらし、茶色固体として表題化合物(5.0g、56%)を得た。融点100〜105℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ3.86(s,3H)、6.63(d,J=9.5Hz,1H)、7.36−7.55(m,5H)、7.91(dd,J=2.5,9.9Hz,1H)、8.23(d,J=2.5Hz,1H);IR(KBr)υ3058、2924、2854、1721、1675、1540、1446、1313、1271、1103cm−1;MS230(M+1)。
ステップ3
ステップ4
ステップ5
ステップ3
肝ミクロソーム安定性アッセイを、NADPH−発生系において(2%飽和重炭酸ナトリウム、2.2mM NADPH、25.6mMグルコース6−ホスフェート、および1mL当たり6単位のグルコース6−ホスフェートデヒドロゲナーゼおよび3.3mM MgCl2)を用いて、1mL当たり0.2mgの肝ミクロソームタンパク質で行う。試験化合物を、20%アセトニトリル‐水中に可溶化した。その後、試験化合物溶液を、アッセイ混合物(最終アッセイ濃度1μM)に加え、混合物を約37℃でインキュベートした。アッセイ中のアセトニトリルの最終濃度は、<1%であるべきである。一定分量(50μL)を、0、15、30、45、60、90、および120分で採取し、氷冷アセトニトリル(200μL)で希釈した(反応を停止させるため)。一定分量を、約10分間、約12,000RPMで遠心分離して、タンパク質を沈殿させた。その後、上清を採取し、崩壊半減期のLC/MS/MS分析のために微量遠心管に移した。非同位体的に濃縮した薬物と比較した場合、本明細書に開示される化合物は、このアッセイで試験される場合、崩壊半減期で少なくとも5%以上の増加を示すことが予測され得る。例えば、実施例の項目で記載される任意の重水素化合物の崩壊半減期はそれぞれ、非同位体的に濃縮したピルフェニドンと比較した場合、5〜600%の改善を示し得る。
シトクロムP450酵素を、バキュロウイルス発現系(BD Biosciences,San Jose,CA)を用いて、相当するヒトcDNAから発現させる。100ミリモルのリン酸カリウム(pH7.4)中の1ミリリットル当たり0.8ミリグラムのタンパク質、1.3ミリモルのNADP+、3.3ミリモルのグルコース−6−リン酸、0.4U/mLのグルコース−6−リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ、3.3ミリモルの塩化マグネシウムおよび0.2ミリモルの式1の化合物、相当する非同位体的に濃縮した化合物、または標準もしくは対照を含有する、0.25ミリリットルの反応混合物を、37℃で20分間インキュベートする。インキュベーションした後、適切な溶媒(例えば、アセトニトリル、20%トリクロロ酢酸、94%アセトニトリル/6%氷酢酸、70%過塩素酸、94%アセトニトリル/6%氷酢酸)の添加によって反応を停止し、3分間遠心分離(10,000g)する。上清をHPLC/MS/MSによって解析する。
Weyler,Journal of Biological Chemistry 1985,260,13199−13207により記載される方法を用いて、手順を実行する。モノアミンオキシダーゼA活性は、4−ヒドロキシキノリンの形成を用いるキヌラミンの酸化の際に、314nmでの吸収の増加をモニタリングすることにより分光光度法で測定される。測定は、30℃で、0.2%Triton−X−100(モノアミンオキシダーゼアッセイ緩衝液)に加えて、1mMキヌラミン、および総量1mL中の所望の量の酵素を含有する、pH7.2の50mM NaPi緩衝液中で実行される。
Uebelhack、Pharmacopsychiatry 1998、31、187−192により記載される方法を用いて、手順を実行する。
Gosselin et al.,Muscle & Nerve 2007,35(2),208−216により記載される方法を用いて、手順を実行する。
Claims (6)
- Dとして表される前記位置のそれぞれは、少なくとも98%の重水素濃縮を有する、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- Dとして表される前記位置のそれぞれは、少なくとも90%の重水素濃縮を有する、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- Dとして表される前記位置のそれぞれは、少なくとも50%の重水素濃縮を有する、請求項2に記載の化合物。
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NZ599643A (en) | 2013-11-29 |
US8969576B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
AU2008265595B2 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
KR101583737B1 (ko) | 2016-01-11 |
US8680123B1 (en) | 2014-03-25 |
DK2170828T3 (da) | 2013-03-04 |
KR20160007684A (ko) | 2016-01-20 |
US8383823B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 |
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CN104892498A (zh) | 2015-09-09 |
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