JP5583564B2 - Powder or granular water addition equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for adding powder or granular material, for example, an apparatus for adding water to powder such as bentonite or granular material such as bentonite mixed soil.

  Bentonite mixed soil is a mixture of soil such as sand and gravel and bentonite, and is used as a material for constructing a water shielding layer of a waste disposal facility. In addition, bentonite may be used alone when extremely high water shielding is required, such as a radioactive waste disposal facility. In order for the bentonite or bentonite mixed soil for constructing the water shielding layer to exhibit the required water shielding performance, it is necessary to perform sufficient compaction to increase the density of the water shielding layer. For this reason, it is common to make the bentonite or bentonite mixed soil wet by performing appropriate water addition so that compaction can be performed easily.

  As a method of adding water to bentonite or bentonite mixed soil, for example, soil and bentonite are mixed in a biaxial forced mixer for concrete production, a bag mill type mixer, or a mixing machine called a self-propelled soil improvement machine or stabilizer. A method is known in which water is added to the soil and mechanically stirred and mixed with soil, bentonite and water (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

JP-A-10-100132 JP 2010-222874 A

  However, it is known that bentonite and bentonite mixed soil easily adhere to the blades and rotating shaft of the mixer when the material is mechanically stirred and mixed because bentonite exerts a strong viscosity when it is hydrated. Yes. Thereby, stirring performance falls and manufacture of the bentonite mixed soil of homogeneous quality becomes difficult. Moreover, in order to remove the deposits on the blades of the mixer, the rotating shaft, etc., it is necessary to once stop the mixing operation and perform cleaning, which requires a lot of labor and greatly reduces the work efficiency. There is.

  Furthermore, because bentonite has a viscous nature, it becomes a dumpling-like lump if mechanical stirring is excessively carried out, which also makes it difficult to produce homogeneous quality bentonite or bentonite mixed soil. There is.

  For such a problem, the technique described in Patent Document 1 includes an empty kneading part for kneading sand and gravel and bentonite, and a water adding part for adding water to the bentonite mixed soil after the kneading. The bentonite mixed soil to which water has been added is provided with a kneading section for further mixing. In this technology, after sand and gravel and bentonite are kneaded, water is added and kneaded, so that no dumpling-like lump (ball) is formed, and bentonite mixed soil with little variation can be produced. It is said.

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, a mechanical mixing device such as a bag mill type mixer or a stabilizer is also used when mixing the empty kneaded bentonite mixed soil and water, and the stirring blade and the rotating shaft are used. It was difficult to say that the problem of bentonite mixed soil was solved.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a simple kneading method in which bentonite mixed soil is dropped in a vertical direction in a structure in which baffle plates are alternately projected. However, in this case as well, bentonite mixed soil adheres to the baffle plates, and maintenance becomes a problem. Furthermore, it is difficult to perform high-quality kneading with a simple kneading method in which the bentonite mixed soil collides with the baffle plate.

  Moreover, in the technique described in the said patent document 2, the bentonite and bentonite mixed soil in a dry state are poured out to the construction place of a water-impervious layer, water is supplied after that, and bentonite and bentonite mixed soil are poured out in the dredging place. And water are agitated. However, even in the technique described in Patent Document 2, as long as mechanical stirring is performed, the problem of bentonite mixed soil adhering to the stirring blade, the rotating shaft, etc. is not solved, and maintenance such as cleaning is necessary. It is. Furthermore, in the method of stirring and mixing the bentonite mixed soil and water at the construction site of the water shielding layer, there is a problem that the variation in quality is large.

  The inconvenience described above is not limited to bentonite and its mixed soil, but can also occur in other powders and granular materials such as cement and its mixed soil.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described circumstances, and when adding water to a powder or granule, the powder or granule does not become a dumpling lump and can be added uniformly. High-quality and inexpensive powder or granule that is possible and does not cause quality degradation due to the powder or granule adhering to the mixing device, or deterioration of construction efficiency due to cleaning of the mixing device, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for adding water.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the powder or granular water addition device of the present invention has the following features. That is, the powder or granular water addition device of the present invention includes a supply unit that quantitatively supplies the powder or granular material, a dropping unit that freely drops the powder or granular material, and the circumferential direction and height of the dropping unit. A spray section for spraying finely divided water on a powder or granular material that freely falls, having a plurality of spray ports having different height positions and water spray directions along the vertical direction; And a diffusion device that is housed in a cylindrical diffusion portion provided directly below the supply portion and integrally has a cylindrical buffer portion at the bottom of a cone-shaped member that expands downward. Is.

In the powder or granule hydrolyzing apparatus of the present invention having such a configuration, the powder or granule supplied from the supply unit is diffused concentrically by the diffusion device, and the inner wall of the diffusion unit is formed by the buffer unit. The powder or granule that bounces off when it collides with the particle is prevented from spreading inward from the diameter of the buffer portion, and the fine particles from multiple directions are dispersed with respect to the powder or granule diffused concentrically by the spraying portion. Spray water.

In addition, in the powder or granular water addition apparatus having the above-described configuration, the spraying portion is positioned on the inside and outside of the powder or granular material that concentrically diffuses and freely falls, so that the periphery of the dropping portion is It is preferable that the configuration has a plurality of spray ports with different positions in the height direction and water spray directions along the direction and the height direction.

  In addition, in the powder or granular water addition device having the above-described configuration, the powder or granular material can be bentonite or bentonite mixed soil.

  In the powder or granular water adding device having such a configuration, for example, bentonite or bentonite mixed soil is quantitatively supplied from above the dropping part by the supply unit. Further, for example, a conical diffusion device is provided in the vicinity of the upper portion of the dropping portion, and bentonite or bentonite mixed soil is concentrically diffused in the dropping portion by the diffusion device.

  And by spraying fine particle water with respect to the bentonite or bentonite mixed soil which falls freely in the falling part by a spraying part, it can hydrolyze with respect to bentonite or bentonite mixed soil. At this time, water can be sprayed from multiple directions on the inside and outside of the bentonite or bentonite mixed soil, or water can be sprayed in multiple stages along the falling direction.

  The powder or granule hydrolyzer of the present invention is, for example, bentonite or pre-kneaded bentonite mixed soil or the like powder or granule, in which the powder or granule is thinly spread and freely dropped vertically, and particulate water is discharged. By spraying in multiple directions from all directions, powder or granular particles such as bentonite or bentonite mixed soil can be brought into wide contact with water. As a result, the powder or granular material such as bentonite or bentonite mixed soil does not become a dumpling-like lump, and does not cause problems such as adhering to the structural part of the water adding device, so that water can be added uniformly. Can be done. Therefore, not only the quality of the powder or granule after hydration is improved, but also the construction efficiency is improved, so that it is possible to provide a high-quality and inexpensive powder or granule hydration apparatus.

The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the watering apparatus of the powder or the granular material which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the structure of a fixed amount supply apparatus. The schematic diagram which shows the diffusion state of the powder or granular material by a diffuser.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of a powder or granular water addition device (hereinafter abbreviated as a water addition device) according to the present invention will be described. 1 to 3 show a water addition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a quantitative supply device. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the diffusion state of the powder or granular material by the diffusion device, FIG. 3A shows the state of the diffusion device viewed from the side, and FIG. The cross-sectional state of the body is shown. In the following description, bentonite or bentonite mixed soil will be described as a representative example of powder or granule, but the powder or granule to which the present invention is applied is not limited to this, like cement, The present invention can also be applied to other powders and granular materials made of a mixture thereof. The powder targeted by the present invention is a solid particle having a particle size of less than about 1 mm, and the granular material targeted by the present invention has a particle size of approximately 1 mm to 20 mm. Solid particles.

<Overview of water addition device>
As shown in FIG. 1, the water addition apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a substantially cylindrical drop unit 30, and the supply unit 10 is disposed above the drop unit 30. The supply part 10 of this embodiment consists of a fixed-quantity supply apparatus which has the hopper 11, the screw conveyor 12, the stirring part 15, etc., and is bentonite or the air-kneaded bentonite mixed soil (Hereafter, both are collectively called the bentonite mixed soil 70.). Is stored in the hopper 11 and the bentonite mixed soil 70 is quantitatively dropped into the dropping portion 30 by a quantitative supply device. The dropping unit 30 is provided with a diffusing device 20 so as to be positioned immediately below the hopper 11. By this diffusing device 20, the bentonite mixed soil 70 spreads concentrically and falls vertically within the dropping unit 30. .

  The dropping part 30 has a plurality of spray nozzles (spraying parts) 40a so as to be located inside and outside of the bentonite mixed soil 70 that spreads concentrically and falls freely, and along the height direction of the dropping part 30. , 40b are provided, and the bentonite mixed soil 70 and water are brought into contact with each other by spraying particulate water onto the free fall bentonite mixed soil 70 from the spray nozzles 40a, 40b. At this time, the spray nozzles 40a and 40b are placed in positions where the bentonite mixed soil 70 is sandwiched from inside and outside of the concentric circle so that the bentonite mixed soil 70 during free fall is not scattered by the spray pressure of water. Thereby, the bentonite mixed soil 70 that freely falls in the falling part 30 is hydrated until it reaches a required state.

<Supply section>
As shown in FIG. 1, the supply unit 10 includes a hopper 11 provided in the upper part of the dropping unit 30 and a quantitative supply device provided in the lower part of the hopper 11. The hopper 11 may have any shape as long as the bentonite mixed soil 70 can be stored. In the present embodiment, the hopper 11 has a conical shape with a diameter reduced downward, and a discharge port is provided at the lower end. In addition, the shape and capacity | capacitance of the hopper 11 can be suitably changed according to the condition of a processing field, such as the processing amount of the bentonite mixed soil 70 which performs a water treatment.

<Quantitative supply device>
As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed amount supply device includes a screw conveyor 12 provided at the lower portion of the hopper 11, and a motor 14 for rotationally driving the rotating shaft 13 of the screw conveyor 12. It is preferable to provide a stirring unit 15 for stirring the bentonite mixed soil 70 stored therein. The stirring unit 15 is made of reiki attached to the stirring rotating shaft 16, and is a member for stirring the bentonite mixed soil 70 near the discharge port of the hopper 11 and stably supplying the bentonite mixed soil 70 to the screw conveyor 12. It is. The stirring rotation shaft 16 is rotated by driving the stirring motor 17.

  In this quantitative supply device, the bentonite mixed soil 70 stored in the hopper 11 is quantitatively discharged from the discharge port by rotating the screw conveyor 12 at a constant speed. The fixed amount supply device is not limited to the screw conveyor 12 and its accessory devices, and any device such as a piston type, a diaphragm type, a plunger type, a snake type, etc., as long as it is a device capable of supplying a fixed amount of bentonite mixed soil 70. It may be a simple structure.

<Falling part>
As shown in FIG. 1, the dropping unit 30 is a cylindrical member placed on the gantry 50 and has a height at which a predetermined amount of water can be added while the bentonite mixed soil 70 is freely dropped. Have. The shape, diameter, and height of the dropping part 30 can be changed as appropriate according to the situation at the processing site, such as the amount of bentonite mixed soil 70 that is subjected to the hydrotreatment.

<Diffusion device>
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3A, the diffusion device 20 is a cone-shaped member that expands downward, and is accommodated in a cylindrical diffusion portion 21 that is provided directly below the supply portion 10. Yes. The bentonite mixed soil 70 supplied from the supply unit 10 spreads concentrically by the diffusion device 20 as shown in FIG. In addition, a cylindrical skirt portion 22 is provided below the diffusion device 20 in order to spread the bentonite mixed soil 70 concentrically together with the diffusion device 20. That is, the bentonite mixed soil 70 falling from the discharge port of the hopper 11 is expanded concentrically by the cone-shaped diffusion device 20. At this time, the bentonite mixed soil 70 collides with the inner wall of the diffusion portion 21 and rebounds and diffuses. In order to prevent the device 20 from spreading inward from the diameter of the device 20, a skirt portion 22 that functions as a buffer portion is provided.

The diffusion device 20 is not limited to the shape described above, and may have any shape as long as the falling bentonite mixed soil 70 can be diffused, and an appropriate shape according to the shape of the dropping portion 30 and the like. can do. The skirt portion 22 is preferably detachable from the diffusion device 20 in order to facilitate maintenance and the like.

<Spraying part>
The spray section is composed of a plurality of spray nozzles 40a and 40b, and each spray nozzle 40a and 40b is located on the inside and outside of the bentonite mixed soil 70 that spreads concentrically and falls freely, so that the circumference of the drop section 30 is reached. A plurality are arranged along the direction and the height direction. One end of a water supply pipe 60 is connected to each spray nozzle 40a, 40b, and the other end of the water supply pipe 60 is connected to a compression pump (not shown). Then, the water stored in the water tank (not shown) is compressed to a predetermined pressure by a compression pump and supplied to the spray nozzles 40a and 40b through the water supply pipe 60, whereby fine particles (from the spray nozzles 40a and 40b ( A mist of water erupts.

  The spray nozzles 40a and 40b according to the present embodiment are divided into two systems, ie, the substantially central portion of the dropping portion 30 and the inner and outer portions of the outer peripheral portion, and are arranged in multiple stages in the height direction (vertical direction) of the dropping portion 30. The inner system spray nozzles 40a are provided in four to six stages in the height direction, and in each stage, four to eight places are provided concentrically from the center of the dropping part 30 to the outside at equal intervals. . On the other hand, each spray nozzle 40b in the outer system is disposed at a position facing each spray nozzle 40a in the inner system. That is, the spray nozzles 40b of the outer system are provided in 4 to 6 stages in the height direction, and 4 to 8 places are provided in each stage in a concentric shape from the outside of the dropping part 30 to the center at equal intervals. It has been. The orientation of the spray nozzles 40a and 40b is preferably substantially horizontal so as not to diffuse the free-falling bentonite mixed soil 70. However, in order to uniformly add water to the bentonite mixed soil 70, it is directed downward or upward. It may be installed in

  The spray nozzles 40a and 40b may have any structure as long as water can be sprayed into fine particles. The spray nozzles 40a and 40b spray water with only water pressure, or spray water with air pressure (two-fluid spray nozzle). Etc. can be used. In this embodiment, the diameter of the water particles sprayed from the spray nozzles 40a and 40b is about 10 to 400 μm. Moreover, the pressure of the water to spray is about 0.05-1.0 MPa.

  In this embodiment, the amount of water added can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of spray in each spray nozzle 40a, 40b, or by increasing or decreasing the number of stages of spray nozzles 40a, 40b provided in multiple stages in the height direction. Specifically, preliminary spraying is performed to grasp the hydration state of the bentonite mixed soil 70, and the water pressure and air pressure are adjusted so that a desired amount of hydration is obtained. The number of spray nozzles 40a and 40b to be used may be adjusted by opening and closing this on-off valve. In addition, the installation position and the number of spray nozzles 40a and 40b, the particle size of water to be sprayed, and the spray pressure may be changed as appropriate according to the situation at the processing site, such as the amount of bentonite mixed soil 70 to be hydrotreated. it can.

<Generation of bentonite mixed soil>
In the water addition apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, water is added to the bentonite mixed soil 70. As a method for pre-kneading the bentonite mixed soil 70 in advance, it is possible to use a conventional biaxial forced mixer or a Bac mill type mixer. For example, as described in Japanese Patent No. 2975891, “Kneading method and its By using the technology relating to the “apparatus”, the bentonite mixed soil 70 can be produced inexpensively and efficiently.

  This kneading apparatus is an apparatus for kneading a fluid material to be kneaded by passing through a deformed passage having a changed cross-sectional shape, and is connected to an apparatus main body having the deformed path and an inlet side of the deformed path, Material pressing means for pressurizing and feeding the material to be kneaded into the deformation passage. The apparatus main body includes a plurality of deformation passages arranged in parallel, and each deformation passage has its cross-sectional shape continuously changing from the inlet toward the outlet, and the inlet and the outlet of each deformation passage. Are provided with joining means for joining the materials to be kneaded passing through the respective deformation passages, and dividing means for dividing the joined materials to be kneaded and flowing into the respective deformation passages, and at least one of the deformation passages. Is different from the length of the remaining deformed passage.

  The apparatus main body includes a plurality of elements connected in series in the direction of the deformation passages, and each element includes a plurality of deformation passages arranged in parallel. The inlet of the other element may be connected to the outlet of one adjacent element, and a merging means and a dividing means may be provided at the connection portion between the outlet and the inlet. Furthermore, a bypass passage may be provided in at least one of the deformation passages.

  In the kneading method using the kneading apparatus having such a configuration, the cross-sectional shape of the material to be kneaded is continuously changed by pressurizing and feeding the fluid material to be kneaded from the inlet of each deformation passage. Kneaded. Then, in the middle of the kneading step, a mixing step for joining the materials to be kneaded flowing in the respective deformation passages, a dividing step for dividing the joined materials to be kneaded and flowing them to the respective deformation passages, and a material for flowing in each deformation passage. A merging adjustment step of shifting the timings at which the kneaded materials merge with each other.

  In the merging adjustment step, the substantial length of the deformation passage may be changed by changing the length of the deformation passage itself or by providing a bypass passage. Further, kneading may be performed by pressing and feeding a part of the material to be mixed into the material to be kneaded into at least one of the deformation passages in the middle of the deformation passage.

<Conveying bentonite mixed soil>
As described above, the water adding device 100 of the present embodiment supplies the air-kneaded bentonite mixed soil 70 from the upper part of the hopper 11 constituting the supply unit 10 and performs water addition while freely dropping the inside of the dropping unit 30. . As a device for performing this series of steps, although not shown, a belt conveyor is provided for supplying bentonite mixed soil 70 which is kneaded to the upper opening of the hopper 11. Moreover, below the dropping part 30, the belt conveyor for carrying out the bentonite mixed soil 70 after hydration is provided. Further, a tapered chute may be provided at the lower end of the drop part 30. By providing the chute, it is possible to guide the bentonite mixed soil 70 after the addition onto the belt conveyor for carrying out without scattering.

<Other embodiments>
In the above-described embodiment, the cylindrical dropping unit 30 is used, and the bentonite mixed soil 70 is diffused concentrically by the diffusion device 20, and the spray nozzle 40 a is applied to the bentonite mixed soil 70 that freely falls in the falling unit 30. 40b, the water is sprayed with fine water particles, but the water adding device of the present invention is not limited to such a shape. For example, the bentonite mixed soil 70 is thinly spread and conveyed on a belt conveyor, is allowed to freely fall into a flat plate shape as it is, and the spray nozzles 40a and 40b are disposed so as to sandwich the flat bentonite mixed soil 70 from both sides. Spray mixing may be performed on the mixed soil 70.

<Comparison with conventional technology>
In the conventional mechanical hydration / mixing method using a mixer, a stabilizer, etc., bentonite mixed soil and water are put into a stirrer, and mechanical force is applied by a stirring blade to stir and disperse. Water is brought into contact with the bentonite mixed soil. On the other hand, in the water adding apparatus of the present invention, bentonite mixed soil is freely dropped and dispersed, and water is brought into contact with bentonite mixed soil by collision with water sprayed in the form of fine particles. Therefore, no forced force is applied to the bentonite mixed soil with stirring blades, etc., so that dumpling-like lumps (balls) do not occur, and the power mechanism such as the stirring blade and its rotating shaft, The problem of adhering the mixed bentonite soil does not occur.

  In addition, in order to perform water addition uniformly with respect to the bentonite mixed soil, how to increase the contact area between the bentonite mixed soil and water is an important point. In a conventional mechanical hydration / mixing apparatus, bentonite mixed soil and water are mechanically stirred and dispersed. However, in many cases, homogeneous hydration cannot be performed. On the other hand, in the water addition apparatus of the present invention, bentonite mixed soil that freely falls is concentrically spread using a cone-shaped guide (diffusion apparatus), and the soil particles are scattered during the fall process, and the bentonite spreads concentrically. Homogeneous hydration is achieved by spraying water in multiple directions and stages from inside and outside of the mixed soil.

  As described above, the water adding apparatus of the present invention does not exert a mechanical action on the bentonite mixed soil, so that the bentonite mixed soil does not become a dumpling-like lump (ball), is homogeneous and varies. With less water. Further, there is no problem with the mechanical hydration / mixing method, such as deterioration of quality due to adhesion of bentonite mixed soil to the apparatus, and deterioration of construction efficiency due to cleaning of the apparatus. Furthermore, since it is a simple device that does not involve a mechanical mechanism, it is inexpensive and has extremely excellent dust and vibration, so that it has an excellent advantage that mechanical troubles such as motor failure are unlikely to occur. Yes. In addition to the bentonite or bentonite mixed soil, the water adding device of the present invention can be used for adding water to a powder or granular material such as cement or mixed soil thereof. The same effect can be exhibited also in the granular material.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Water supply apparatus 10 Supply part 11 Hopper 12 Screw conveyor 13 Rotating shaft 14 Motor 15 Stirring part 16 Stirring rotating shaft 17 Stirring motor 20 Diffusion apparatus 21 Diffusion part 22 Skirt part 30 Dropping part 40a Inner system spray nozzle 40b Outer system spray Nozzle 50 Base 60 Water supply pipe 70 Bentonite mixed soil

Claims (3)

A supply unit for quantitatively supplying powder or granules;
A dropping part for freely dropping the powder or granular material;
Along the circumferential direction and the height direction of the dropping part, there are a plurality of spray ports having different positions in the height direction and water spraying directions, and fine particles with respect to the free-falling powder or granules A spraying section for spraying water in the form of water,
A diffusion device housed in a cylindrical diffusion portion provided directly below the supply unit, and integrally including a cylindrical buffer portion at a lower portion of a cone-shaped member whose diameter is expanded downward ;
The diffusion device diffuses the powder or granular material supplied from the supply unit concentrically, and the buffer unit causes the powder or granular material that collides with the inner wall of the diffusion unit and bounces back to the buffer. Prevent it from spreading inward from the diameter of the part,
Spraying fine water particles from multiple directions on the concentrically diffused powder or granular material by the spraying unit,
An apparatus for adding powder or granular material. The spraying portions are located at the inner side and the outer side of the powder or granular material that diffuses concentrically and freely falls, and are respectively installed along the circumferential direction and the height direction of the dropping portion. Having a plurality of spray ports with different directional positions and water spray directions;
The apparatus for adding powder or granular material according to claim 1 . The said powder or a granular material is a bentonite or bentonite mixed soil, The water addition apparatus of the powder or granular material of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.

Images