JP5420973B2 - Booklet-type content display system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a booklet-type content display system.

  In an apparatus that enables a computer to display / view contents (electronic information) composed of documents, images, or combinations thereof, the contents are divided into a plurality of pages, and the pages are combined into a booklet (book) type. There is one in which display switching is performed in a page turning format according to a user's operation input. And in order to raise the reality of being a booklet content, many proposals of the apparatus which displays a three-dimensional page turning animation at the time of the display switching are made (patent documents 1-5).

  As a simple type, as disclosed in FIG. 2 of Patent Document 4, there is a method of turning and turning a page paper piece while maintaining a flat (or flat) shape. Further, FIG. In order to make it easier to grasp the three-dimensional rotation state of the page, a method using a perspective method has also been proposed, but none of them can express a “bending” peculiar to paper, so that there is a difficulty in reality. Further, the page paper piece is folded back at a fold parallel to the binding side edge (Patent Literature 2, Patent Literature 4: FIG. 14A) or at an obliquely intersecting crease (Patent Literature 1: FIG. 2). There are proposals that use a page turning method, but it is not realistic to crease a book page, and the image projection on the page being turned is flattened to reduce the image processing burden. It is just a bitter plan to alleviate. Therefore, in FIGS. 24 and 25 of Patent Document 3, FIG. 14C of Patent Document 4, or FIGS. 7 and 14C of Patent Document 5, the page paper pieces are turned and turned in a curved state. A method for expressing the bending of paper more realistically has been proposed.

JP 2009-25940 A JP 2006-285375 A JP 2006-172465 A JP-A-8-106469 WO02 / 015043

However, each of the above methods has the following drawbacks.
(1) In the methods shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 of Patent Document 3 and FIG. 14C of Patent Document 4, since the outer edge of the page paper piece is turned and turned with respect to the inner edge on the binding side, When a page image is three-dimensionally projected onto a page surface, not only expansion / contraction or translational conversion components matched to a curved surface, but also rotation conversion components are generated, and there is a problem that the amount of calculation increases rapidly.
(2) In the method of FIG. 24 of Patent Document 3 and FIG. 14C of Patent Document 4, a part of the image on the back of the page appears in a form of turning over with respect to the image of the page surface curved in a concave shape. The images on both sides of the same paper must be pasted on a single frame, which greatly complicates the processing.
(3) In the method of Patent Document 5, as is clear from FIG. 14C, the curved side of the page paper piece is always constant with respect to the turning direction, so that the fixed tile-like object in the curved state rotates. It is hard to say that there is a sense of incongruity and that the bending of the paper is fully expressed. In addition, the curved shape of the page paper piece is maintained even in the vicinity of the turning intermediate position where the page paper piece stands upright, and the facing side shifts from the convex state to the concave state at a position slightly swung from the turning intermediate position to the turning-completed page side. In this case, a state occurs in which the front side and the back side of the page paper piece appear on the frame at the same time for a short period of time.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a booklet-type content display system that can realistically reproduce the bending of a page paper piece at the time of page turning by a relatively simple calculation.

Means for solving the problems and effects of the invention

  A booklet-type content display system according to the present invention includes a page image data acquisition unit for acquiring page image data for displaying the contents of each page of the booklet-type content, and a page image corresponding to a designated page of the booklet-type content. A content display device that performs spread display based on data, and one of a pair of page paper pieces that form a current spread display state of a booklet-type content is a main page paper piece and the other is a complementary page paper piece. The page being displayed is the first page, the currently displayed page of the main page paper piece is the second page, the page that forms the back of the main page paper piece is the third page, and the third page is paired with the page The lower page of the main page paper piece that forms the spread state after turning is the fourth page, and the main page paper piece is bound in the width direction of the paper piece When switching from the current double-page display state to the double-page spread display state that consists of the third and fourth pages, with the edge as the page inner edge and the opposite edge as the page outer edge, the page inner edge is used as the turning axis. 3D page turning animation display means for displaying on the content display device a 3D page turning animation that turns the main page piece of paper up and down on the first page while floating from the paper surface of the fourth page.

  In order to solve the above problem, the 3D page turning animation display means displays the 3D shape of the main page paper piece of each frame of the animation, and the page outer edge is parallel to the page inner edge so that the back page side is always hidden. Page shape definition information acquisition means for acquiring page shape definition information for defining a curved shape so that the front page side is always concave while maintaining the second page or third page based on page image data Page-turning frame data creating means for creating page-turning frame data by three-dimensionally projecting the display image of the page onto the facing side page surface of the main page piece of each frame generated based on the acquired page shape defining information; 3D page turning animation that plays back 3D page turning animation based on the page turning frame data. And having a Shon reproducing means.

According to the configuration of the booklet-type content display system of the present invention described above, each frame is displayed in the three-dimensional page turning animation, and the three-dimensional image of the main page paper piece to be turned is always hidden from the page outer edge so that the back page side is always hidden. While maintaining parallel, it is created to have a curved shape so that the front page side is always concave. Thereby, the above-mentioned subject of a prior art can be solved as follows.
(1) Since the page outer edge of the page paper piece does not incline with respect to the page inner edge on the binding side and is always turned in a parallel state, the page image conversion processing is performed when the page image is three-dimensionally projected on the page paper piece. Includes only the expansion / contraction conversion component in the page width direction and the translation conversion component in the direction along the inner edge of the page, and does not generate the rotation conversion component. Therefore, the calculation amount of the three-dimensional projection conversion can be greatly reduced, and the page turning operation can be reproduced sufficiently smoothly even with the microcomputer specifications for general use.
(2) Since the page outer edge position of the page paper piece is adjusted so that the back page side is always concealed, only the front side (spreading side) image of the page paper piece always appears on one frame, and the back side image Therefore, the image processing burden is greatly reduced.
(3) In each frame, the page paper piece has a curved shape so that the front page side is always concave. In other words, in the page turning direction, the curving direction of the page paper piece is reversed between the turning start side (fourth page side) and the turning completion side (first page side) with the turning intermediate position as a boundary. Improving the quality of expression.
As described above, it is clear that a booklet type content display system that can realistically reproduce the bending of a page paper piece at the time of page turning by a relatively simple calculation is realized.

  In the above page shape defining information, in each frame, a portion including at least the outer edge of the main page paper piece is a reference page surface that is a page surface in a non-turned state on the outer edge of the page (that is, the main page paper piece is on the turning start side The three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame can be defined so as to be a curved surface portion having a tangential plane orthogonal to the fourth page in a certain frame and the first page in a frame on the turning completion side. In this way, the distance between the tangent plane to the outer edge of the page and the inner edge of the page decreases as the frame where the main page paper piece is located closer to the turning intermediate position, and the amount of bending of the page paper piece is reduced. That is, the main page paper piece is turned by changing the bending direction so that the turning amount is reduced from the turning start side to the turning middle position with the second page side being concave, and then the third page side is concave. Then, the animation is displayed so as to move away from the intermediate rotation position while increasing the bending amount. Thereby, the reality of the bending of the paper when turning the page is improved.

  The page shape definition information overlaps the reference page surface and the curved portion that is turned up from the reference page surface that is the page surface in the non-turned state at a position that is a predetermined distance away from the outer edge of the main page paper piece in the width direction of the paper piece. The main page of each frame is such that the boundary line with the flat part is parallel to the inner edge of the page, and the upper edge of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface rises as the boundary line approaches the inner edge side of the page. The three-dimensional shape of the paper piece can be defined. As a result, the main page piece gradually turns up from the outer side of the page with respect to the reference page surface (fourth page), and then gradually passes from the inner side of the page with respect to the reference page surface (first page) through the turning intermediate position. Animations are displayed so that they overlap. As a result, the main page paper piece floats gently from the outer edge side with respect to the fourth page as it turns, and after the page returns, it gradually overlaps with the first page from the inner edge side, so that the flexible paper feels flexible. Can be reproduced more faithfully.

  The page shape defining information can be configured to define the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame so that the planar portion of the main page paper piece is a tangent plane to the curved surface portion at the boundary line. As a result, the curved portion turned up from the reference page surface and the flat portion overlapping the reference page surface are smoothly connected, so that an unnatural crease does not occur in the main page paper piece when turning the page.

  In the above-described form, the curved surface portion turned up is in contact with a plane orthogonal to the reference page surface at the outer edge of the page, and in contact with the reference page surface at the boundary line. As described above, an elliptical cylindrical surface can be adopted as a curved surface that touches both planes orthogonal to each other, but it is desirable to use a cylindrical surface in consideration of the ease of geometric calculation. In this case, the page shape defining information is a quadrant having a circular arc length equal to the distance from the boundary line to the outer edge of the page when the curved surface portion is expanded in a spread state in a cross section by a plane orthogonal to the inner edge of the page. It can comprise as what prescribes | regulates so that it may become a cylindrical surface part to form. In particular, the main page paper piece gradually turns up from the outer edge side of the page with respect to the reference page surface (fourth page), and then gradually overlaps from the inner edge side of the page with respect to the reference page surface (first page) through a turning intermediate position. Even when adopting the animation display configuration like this, the radius of the quadrant that defines the curved surface part while moving the boundary line closer to the inner edge of the page as the turning height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface increases It is only necessary to define the shape of the main page paper piece of each frame so as to increase sequentially, and the shape calculation of the main page paper piece can be greatly simplified.

  Next, the curved (that is, the bent) main page paper piece can be animated so that the entire main page piece is lifted from the reference page surface. In this case, the page shape defining information is such that the entire main page paper piece in each frame has a tangential plane perpendicular to the reference page surface at the outer edge of the page and is a cylindrical surface portion including the inner edge of the page. If configured to define the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of the frame, the shape calculation of the main page paper piece can be greatly simplified. In addition, if the configuration is such that the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame is specified so that the radius of curvature of the cylindrical surface portion increases as the turning height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface increases, Since the amount of curvature of the main page paper piece decreases as the position is approached, the reality of the bending of the paper when turning the page is improved.

  The page shape defining information is predetermined in the width direction of the page from the outer edge of the page of the main page for the frame sequence in which the turning height of the page of the main page from the reference page is the first section on the side of the reference page. The boundary line between the curved part turned up from the reference page surface at a long distance and the flat part overlapping the reference page surface is generated in parallel with the inner edge of the page, and the turning height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface As the number increases, the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame is defined so that the boundary line approaches the inner edge of the page (hereinafter referred to as the first turning form), and the turning height is larger than the first section. For the frame sequence that is the second section, the entire main page paper piece in each frame has a tangent plane that is orthogonal to the reference page surface at the outer edge of the page, and within the page. The three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame is defined so that the radius of curvature of the cylindrical surface portion increases as the turn-up height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface increases. It can be configured to be a thing (hereinafter referred to as a second turning form).

  According to this configuration, the main page piece is gradually turned up from the outer side of the page with respect to the reference page surface (fourth page) by the first turning form, and the boundary line reaches the inner edge of the page (that is, the turning position (that is, In the form where the reference page surface becomes the tangential plane at the inner edge position of the page with respect to the main page paper piece (hereinafter referred to as the “turning form switching position”), the second page turning form is taken over, and the entire main page paper piece is made the cylindrical surface portion. The intermediate position is reached while reducing the amount of bending. After that, the direction of bending is reversed, and the amount of bending is increased again, and when the opposite side turning form switching position is reached, the first turning form is restored, and gradually from the inner side of the page to the reference page surface (first page). The page turning animation is completed by overlapping. By combining the two turning forms, it is possible to smoothly and precisely realize the page turning animation accompanied by the paper bending over the entire section from the start of turning to the completion of turning.

1 is a block diagram showing an example of an electrical configuration of a booklet type content display system of the present invention. The figure which shows the example of a screen display of the booklet type content display system of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the page turning animation in the booklet type content display system of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the cross-sectional shape change of the main page paper piece in each frame of the page turning animation of FIG. The conceptual diagram of the pixel conversion table of each frame. The conceptual diagram explaining the content of a pixel conversion table. Explanatory drawing which shows the drawing principle which determines the cross-sectional shape of the main page paper piece in a 1st turning form. Explanatory drawing which shows the example of a cross-sectional shape calculation of the main page paper piece of each frame in a first turning form. Explanatory drawing which shows the drawing principle which determines the cross-sectional shape of the main page paper piece in a 2nd turning form. Explanatory drawing which shows the cross-sectional shape calculation example of the main page paper piece of each frame in a 2nd turning form. The flowchart which shows the flow of operation | movement control of a booklet type content display system. The flowchart which shows the flow of the frame creation process of a page turning animation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a booklet-type content display system 1 of the present invention. The control subject of the content display system 1 includes a microcomputer 100 in which a CPU 101, a ROM 102, a RAM 103, and an input / output unit 104 are connected by an internal bus. An internet router 5 is connected to the internal bus, and an internet communication network is connected via the internet router 5. Connected to the input / output unit 104 are a monitor 2 serving as a content display device, a speaker 3, and a mouse 4 serving as an operation unit for performing browsing input operations such as turning pages. In addition, you may provide the touchscreen 9, the keyboard 10, or a trackpad as an operation part.

  A hard disk drive (HDD) 6 is connected to the microcomputer 100, an OS (operating system: for example, Windows (registered trademark), Mac OS (registered trademark), etc.), an Internet browser (for example, Internet Explorer (registered trademark)), and a booklet. Content reproduction software (for example, flash player (registered trademark)) for displaying and reproducing type content is stored. The hard disk drive 6 is defined as a startup disk. When the microcomputer 100 is started up, the OS is started up using the OS execution memory 103a of the RAM 103 as a work area. Further, by starting up Internet browser software that operates on the OS, connection to the Internet becomes possible. In the RAM 103, a browser execution memory 103c serving as a work area for the browser software and a communication control memory 103b for performing communication control via the Internet router 5 are formed.

  The content data that defines the display content of the booklet-type content can be acquired by, for example, downloading the content data published on the Internet site. On the other hand, content data can also be acquired from an external storage medium such as a DVD, a CD, or a memory card (a DVD / CD drive 7 for reading these and a memory card reader 8 are connected via an interface I / F, respectively. Connected to the microcomputer 100). When content data is designated and the above-described content playback software is started, the content playback software uses the content playback software execution memory 103d in the RAM 103 as a work area and follows the acquired content data as shown in FIG. The booklet-type content 51 is displayed on the screen. In FIG. 2, the booklet-type content 51 is an electronic catalog book, but the application target of the present invention is not limited to this, and is applicable to various fields such as other electronic books, electronic maps, and brochures. Needless to say, it can be done.

  A storage area for the acquired content data is formed in the content reproduction software execution memory 103d. The content data includes page image data (for example, including character strings and graphics (still images and moving images)) to be displayed on each page of the content, and a frame calculation generation program for calculating and generating each frame of the page turning animation. (These are stored in the memory areas 103e and 103f, respectively). As shown in FIG. 2, when the content reproduction software is started, a content display window 50 is opened on the screen of the display device 2, and a booklet-type content 51 is displayed in the window. The booklet-type content 51 is a two-page display of two adjacent pages 51L and 51R belonging to different page paper pieces based on the corresponding page image data.

  A page turning control button group 52 is displayed in the content display window 50, and a corresponding page turning command is executed for the booklet-type content 51 by clicking the mouse 4 with the pointer 53 positioned at a desired button position. The In the present embodiment, the next page button 52a for moving to the next page of the currently viewed page, the previous page button 52b for returning to the previous page, and the next page for jumping to the last page in the next page direction. Four types of buttons can be used: a page-side jump button 52c and a previous page-side jump button 52d for jumping to the first page in the previous page direction. Further, instead of the next page button 52a or the previous page button 52b, a page number input window or the like for jumping to a designated page can be displayed in any of the page areas 51L and 51R that are displayed in a spread manner. However, any of the booklet-type contents has a well-known configuration, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 3 shows a display example of a page turning animation in the booklet-type content 51. In this embodiment, a horizontally written left-open booklet is taken as an example, the left turning direction is the next page turning direction, and the right turning direction is the previous page turning direction. Accordingly, in the figure, the flow when the page advances from the left to the right is the flow when the next page is turned, and the flow when the page advances from the right to the left is the flow when the page is turned.

  In the case of turning the next page, the main page paper piece 61M, which is a paper piece to be turned, forms a booklet right page in a spread state, and the complementary page paper piece 61C forms a left page. The page currently displayed on the supplementary page paper piece 61C is defined as the first page 51L (for convenience of explanation of the processing flow described later, the page number is j-1), and the page currently displayed on the main page paper piece 61M is the second page. 51R (same as page number j), the page constituting the back side of the main page piece 61M as third page 51L ′ (same as page number j + 1), and pair with third page 51L ′. Then, the lower page of the main page paper piece 61M that forms the spread state after turning the page is designated as the fourth page 51R ′ (same as page number j + 2), and the main page paper piece 61M on the binding side in the paper piece width direction. The edge is the page inner edge 61J, and the opposite edge is the page outer edge 61E.

  On the other hand, in the case of turning the previous page, in the state of the right end in FIG. 3, the main page paper piece 61M that is the turning target paper piece constitutes the left page of the booklet in a spread state, and the paper piece 61C ′ constituting the left page is the supplementary page. Make up a piece of paper. The currently displayed page 51R ′ of the supplementary page paper piece 61C ′ becomes the first page (in this case, the page number j + 2 shown in the figure is read as j−1), and the currently displayed page 51L ′ of the main page paper piece 61M is the first page. Two pages (similarly, the page number j + 1 shown in the figure is replaced with j), the page 51R constituting the back surface of the main page paper piece 61M is the third page (similarly, the page number j shown in the figure is replaced with j + 1), and the third The lower page 51L of the main page paper piece 61M that forms a spread state after turning the page in a pair with the page 51R becomes the fourth page (similarly, the illustrated page number j-1 is read as j + 2). Needless to say, in the vertical writing right-open booklet, the arrangement of each piece of paper and the definition of the turning direction are all reversed. In the following, description will be made representatively in the case of turning the next page in a horizontally written left-open booklet.

  That is, when the next page turning command is executed with the left end state of FIG. 3 as the current spread display state, the first page 51L is lifted from the paper surface of the fourth page 51R ′ with the page inner edge 61J as the turning axis. A three-dimensional page turning animation for turning up and down is displayed, and the page is switched to the spread display state after turning the page, which is composed of the third page 51L ′ and the fourth page 51R ′, shown at the right end of FIG. In addition, the page surface in the non-turned state (first page 51L and second page 51R in the state at the left end in FIG. 3, and third page 51L ′ and fourth page 51R ′ in the state at the right end in FIG. 3) is used as a reference page surface. The z direction of the internal coordinate space for three-dimensional display is defined as the normal direction of the reference page surface, and the y direction is parallel to the page inner edge 61J on the reference page surface, and is also perpendicular to the page inner edge 61J. Each x direction is defined.

  FIG. 4 shows the curved shape of the main page paper piece 61M in each frame of the stereoscopic page turning animation as viewed in the z direction. The page shape defining information that defines the shape of each frame of the main page piece 61M is incorporated for each frame in the frame calculation generation program 103f (FIG. 1) included in the content data (specifically, in FIG. 5). Pixel conversion table). On the other hand, the display content of each page is prepared as page image data 103e (FIG. 1).

Specifically, the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece 61M of each frame is always displayed while maintaining the page outer edge 61E parallel to the page inner edge 61J so that the back page side is always concealed according to the page shape defining information. It is defined to have a curved shape so that the page side is concave. As shown in FIG. 4, this is geometrically indicated by the fact that the main page paper piece 61M in each frame (F ₁ , F ₂ ,..., F ₂₃ ) has a turning intermediate position (F ₁₂ ) means that the bending direction is reversed between the turning start side (fourth page 51R ′ side) and the turning completion side (first page 51L side). Then, in the frame (F ₁ , F ₂ ,..., F ₁₁ ) located on the turning start side, the display image of the second page 51R is the frame (F ₁₃ , F ₁₄ ,..., F ₂₃ ) located on the turning completion side. Then, the display image of the third page 51L ′ is three-dimensionally projected on the spread side page surface (that is, the curved concave surface side) of the main page paper piece 61M of each frame based on the corresponding page image data 103e (FIG. 1). Displayed in the form.

As shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 9, in each frame, a portion including the page outer edge 61E of the main page paper piece 61M is a reference page surface (that is, a main page paper piece 61M) that is a page surface in a non-turned state at the page outer edge 61E. The three-dimensional shape is defined so as to be a curved surface portion 61r having a tangent plane 72 orthogonal to the fourth page 51R ′ in the frame on the page turning start side and the first page 51L in the frame on the page turning completion side. As shown in FIG. 4, as the frame where the main page paper piece 61M is located closer to the turning intermediate position (F ₁₂ ), the distance between the tangential plane to the page outer edge 61E and the page inner edge 61J is reduced, and the bending amount of the page paper piece is reduced. . In the frame at the turning intermediate position (F ₁₂ ), the bending amount is zero, and the shape of the main page paper piece 61M is flat.

In FIG. 4, the pages F _{1 to} F ₅ on the turning start side and the frames F _{19 to} F ₂₃ on the turning completion side are predetermined in the width direction of the paper from the page outer edge 61E of the main page paper piece 61M, as shown in FIG. A boundary line 61B between the curved surface portion 61r turned up from the reference page surface 51R ′, which is a page surface in a non-turned state, and a flat surface portion 61p overlapping the reference page surface is generated in parallel with the inner edge 61J of the page. Thus, the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece 61M is defined. As the turning-up height of the main page paper piece 61M from the reference page surface 51R ′ increases, the boundary line 61B approaches the page inner edge 61J side (hereinafter referred to as a first turning form). Specifically, the shape is defined so that the plane portion 61p of the main page paper piece 61M is a tangential plane to the curved surface portion 61r at the boundary line 61B.

  That is, the curved curved surface portion 61r is in contact with a plane orthogonal to the reference page surface at the page outer edge 61E, and is in contact with the reference page surface at the boundary line 61B. In this embodiment, the curved surface portion 61r is a cylindrical surface in consideration of the ease of geometric shape calculation, and specifically, the curved surface portion 61r is spread in a cross section by a plane orthogonal to the page inner edge 61J. This is a cylindrical surface portion that forms a quadrant having an arc length equal to the distance from the boundary line 61B to the outer edge 61E of the page when deployed in the state. As shown in FIG. 4, in each frame, as the turning height of the main page paper piece 61M from the reference page surface increases, the quadrant that defines the curved surface portion 61r while bringing the boundary line 61B closer to the page inner edge 61J side. The radius r of the circle increases sequentially.

Next, in the intermediate frame rows F _{6 to} F ₁₈ including the turning intermediate position (F ₁₂ ), the entire curved (that is, bent) main page paper piece 61M is lifted from the reference page surface (51L, 51R ′). Is displayed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, in each of the frames, the entire main page paper piece 61M has a tangent plane 72 perpendicular to the reference page surface at the page outer edge 61E and includes a page inner edge 61J. The three-dimensional shape is defined so as to be a surface portion (second turning form). As the turning-up height of the main page paper piece 61M from the reference page surface increases, the radius of curvature R of the cylindrical surface portion increases. As shown in FIG. 4, the amount of curvature of the main page paper piece 61M decreases as it approaches the turning intermediate position (F ₁₂ ).

As described above, the top row (F _{1 to} F ₅ and F _{19 to} F ₂₃ ) in which the turning height of the main page paper piece 61M from the reference page surface is the first section on the reference page surface side is the first. For a frame sequence (F _{6 to} F ₁₈ ) that becomes a second turning section and is a second section whose turning height is larger than that of the first section, a page turning animation is displayed so as to be a second turning form. That is, the main page paper piece 61M is gradually turned up from the page outer edge 61E side with respect to the reference page surface (fourth page 51R ′) by the first turning form, and the boundary line 61B reaches the page inner edge 61J. At the turning form switching position (F ₆ ), it is taken over to the second turning form, and reaches the turning intermediate position (F ₁₂ ) while reducing the amount of bending with the entire main page paper piece 61M as a cylindrical surface portion. After that, the direction of bending is reversed, and when the amount of bending is increased again and the opposite side turning form switching position (F ₁₈ ) is reached, the first turning form is returned to the reference page surface (first page 51R ′). The page turning animation is completed so as to gradually overlap from the page inner edge 61J side.

The shape of the main page paper piece 61M of each frame in the first turning form (hereinafter referred to as a first type turning projection surface) can be determined geometrically as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the width (dimension in the x direction) of the main page paper piece 61M is w, and the main page paper piece 61M is angled from the reference page surface (51R ′) around the page inner edge 61J while keeping the main page paper piece 61M flat. A page surface turned by θ is defined as a shape determining page surface 70. If the orthographic projection (w · cos θ) of the shape determination reference page surface 70 on the page reference surface (51R ′) is defined as the plane portion 61p, the remaining length b of the page width is
b = w−w · cos θ (1)
Calculated by Since the remaining length b is equal to the quadrant length of the radius r,
4b = 2πr (2)
Therefore, r is from (1) and (2),
r = 2w (1-cos θ) / π (3)
It can be calculated by Since the foot of the perpendicular line 71 from the page outer edge position of the shape determination page surface 70 to the reference page surface (51R ′) becomes the boundary line 61B, the center is set at a position of a distance r from the boundary line 61B on the perpendicular line 71, A quadrant drawn on the outer side in the width direction is a curved surface portion 61r.

FIG. 8 shows each angle position when the turning angle θ of the shape determination page surface is changed at 15 ° intervals obtained by dividing the 90 ° interval from the reference page surface (51R ′) into 6 equal parts. theta ₁ through? ₆ shape determination page surface) of the _(L 1 ~L _6), first kind turning projection surface using the same (curved surface portion _b 1 ~b _6: radius _r 1 ~r ₆₎ plotting the results of Is shown. The turning turning angle of the shape determining page surface is 90 ° (θ ₆ ) at the maximum. At this time, the boundary line 61B coincides with the page inner edge 61J and the plane portion disappears, and the curved surface portion (b ₆ ) has the page width w. A quadrant with an arc length that matches

Next, the shape of the main page paper piece 61M of each frame in the second turning form (hereinafter referred to as a second-type turning projection surface) can be geometrically determined as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, a shape determining page surface 70 having a turning turning angle θ is defined in the same manner as the first-type turning projection surface. The entire second projection page is a partial cylindrical surface in which the tangent plane 72 at the page outer edge 61E is orthogonal to the reference page surface 51R ′ and passes through the page inner edge 61J. Since the radius R passing through the page outer edge 61E is orthogonal to the tangent plane 72, it is parallel to the reference page surface 51R ′. Since the page inner edge 61J is also on the same partial cylindrical surface, the line segment 73 connecting the center of the partial cylindrical surface and the page inner edge 61J is equal to the radius R. From the complex angle theorem on the parallel line with respect to the line segment 73, the central angle φ of the partial cylindrical surface (where the unit of angle is radians) is
φ = π / 2−θ (4)
From the geometric relationship between the central angle and arc length,
w / 2πR = (π / 2−θ) / 2π (5)
Therefore, the radius R of the partial cylindrical surface is
R = 2w / (π−2θ) (5) ′
It becomes. That is, a second type of turning is performed by drawing a straight line that passes through the page outer edge 61E and is parallel to the reference page surface 51R ′, and that is centered on the straight line at the position of the distance R calculated in (5) ′ from the page outer edge 61E. The drawing plane can be determined.

FIG. 10 shows each angle position when the turning angle θ of the shape determination page surface is changed at 15 ° intervals obtained by dividing the 90 ° interval from the reference page surface (51R ′) into 6 equal parts. θ _{1 to} θ ₆ ) shape determining page surface (L _{1 to} L ₆ ), and a second-type turning projection surface (b _{7 to} b ₁₁ ) using the shape determining page surface (b _{7 to} b _{11), the} radius is R _{1 to} R ₅ , and the central angle is φ ₁ shows the plotting result of the to [phi] _5). When the turning angle of the shape determination page surface reaches the maximum value of 90 °, the radius R becomes infinite, and the second type turning projection surface passes through the page inner edge 61J and becomes a plane perpendicular to the reference page surface 51R ′. .

From the above, the turning projection plane of each frame of the page turning animation can be determined through the following five steps, for example.
(1) On the turning start side, the first type turning projection plane is determined while changing the turning turning angle θ of the shape determination page surface to 90 ° (FIG. 4: F _{1 to} F ₆ ).
(2) Shape determination The second turning projection plane is determined while resetting the turning turning angle θ of the page surface and changing it again to 90 ° (but not including 90 °) (FIG. 4: F _{7 to} F ₁₁ ).
(3) A second-type turning projection plane corresponding to the turning turning angle θ = 90 is inserted as a plane (however, this step can be omitted because it is a plane on which no image can be projected).
(4) The second type turning projection surface on the turning completion side is determined by mirror-reversing the second type turning projection surface on the turning start side determined in (2) (FIG. 4: F _{13 to} F ₁₇ ). .
(5) The first-type turning projection surface on the turning completion side is determined by mirror-inverting the first-type turning projection surface on the turning start side determined in (1) (FIG. 4: F _{18 to} F ₂₃ ). .

  If the shape of all the flip projection planes can be determined, the pixel correspondence between the page image on the reference page plane and the image projected on the flip projection plane is uniquely determined using the well-known 3D projection transformation concept. Can be determined. In the present invention, since the turning projection plane of each frame is determined so that the page outer edge of the main page piece is always parallel to the page inner edge, the pixel after projection is different from the pixel before projection in FIG. The arrangement is stored in the direction, and as shown in FIG. 8, the arrangement is unevenly contracted in the x direction according to the curved form of the page. Therefore, as the pixel conversion table, the pre-projection pixel column is thinned out unevenly in accordance with the page width after projection, and the x-direction pixel column after thinning using the pixel number of the pre-projection pixel column, that is, after the projection conversion It is sufficient to prepare a pixel defining the x-direction pixel column. However, in this embodiment, in order to emphasize the three-dimensional effect of turning pages, as shown in FIG. 3, a three-dimensional animation in which a main page paper piece is viewed from a viewpoint retreated by a predetermined distance in the y direction from the normal line of the reference page surface. The x-direction pixel column after projection of each frame has a curvature derived from the viewpoint retraction. Therefore, in the pixel conversion table, for each pixel number, a y-direction shift amount for giving a curvature derived from the viewpoint retraction is defined.

  In the end, as shown in FIG. 5, by preparing this pixel conversion table for each frame, the frame calculation generation program 103f in FIG. 1 does not have to perform the turning projection plane determination calculation each time. If each pixel making up the page image data is mechanically converted to a projected image pixel with reference to the pixel conversion table corresponding to the frame number, the image display of the main page piece of each frame of the 3D page turning animation The contents can be easily determined.

  Based on the above, the flow of display processing by the content reproduction software will be described using a flowchart. FIG. 11 shows the flow of main processing. When the content reproduction software is started up, only the content start page (right page) is displayed, so that the page turning process is performed only on the next page side. Therefore, in S1, a frame for turning the next page is created and stored in the next page turning frame memory 103g of the RAM 103 (FIG. 2). In S2, it is confirmed whether the command for turning the next page is executed. If it is executed, the process proceeds to S3 (if it is not executed, the process waits until it is executed). In S3, the page turning animation is reproduced while reading the frame from the next page turning frame memory 103g. Since the executed frame data can be used for the page turning animation when returning to the previous page by arranging in reverse order, the reverse ordering is performed in S4 and shifted to the previous page turning frame memory 103h in the RAM 103 (FIG. 2). In S5, a new frame for turning the next page is created and stored in the next page turning frame memory 103g.

  In S6, it is confirmed whether the command for turning the next page is executed. If Yes, the processing for turning the next page in S3 to S5 is repeated. On the other hand, if No, the process proceeds to S7 to check whether the previous page turning command is executed. If it is also No here, it returns to S6. Eventually, the page turning process is not executed until the next page turning command or the previous page turning command is executed, and the spread display state of the content is continued.

  If the previous page turning command is executed in S7, the process proceeds to S8, and the page turning animation is reproduced while reading the frame from the previous page turning frame memory 103h. Since the executed frame data can be used for the page turning animation when proceeding to the next page by arranging in reverse order, the reverse ordering is performed in S9 and shifted to the next page turning frame memory 103g in the RAM 103 (FIG. 2). In S10, a new frame for turning the previous page is created and stored in the previous page turning frame memory 103h.

  In S11, it is confirmed again whether the previous page turning command is executed. If it is executed, the process for turning the previous page in S8 to S10 is repeated. If not, the process returns to S6, and the same processing is repeated thereafter.

FIG. 12 shows the details of the page turning frame creation process. S101 to S105 are image projection processes to each frame (FIG. 3: F _{1 to} F ₆ ) forming the first type turning projection surface on the turning start side, and S201 to S205 are also the second type turning projection surface. Image projection processing to each frame (FIG. 3: F _{7 to} F ₁₁ ), S301 is processing to insert a second type turning projection plane corresponding to the case of turning turning angle θ = 90 as a plane (however, as described above) as in, this step can be omitted), S401 to S405, each piece forming the second kind turning projection plane in turning complete side (FIG. _3: F 13 to the image projection processing to _{to F 17),} S501 ~S505, like the first kind turning each frame forming the projection surface (Fig. _{3: F} 19 _{~F 23)} respectively the image projection processing to.

  In any block, the top step (S102, S202, S302, and S402) is a calculation step for the turning projection surface of the main page paper piece. As described above, this can be replaced with the reference process of the pixel conversion table. it can. The central step (S103, S203, S303, and S403) is a pixel conversion / pasting process on the turning projection plane. The last step is to spread the background page in the spread state and the image of the main page piece. This is a step of creating frame image data by combining. This process is repeated for all frames targeted in each block.

According to the above-described configuration of the booklet-type content display system 1 of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) As shown in FIG. 3, the page outer edge 61E of the page paper piece is not inclined with respect to the page inner edge 61J on the binding side and is always turned in a parallel state. In this case, the page image conversion process includes only the expansion / contraction conversion component in the page width direction and the translation conversion component in the direction along the page inner edge 61J, and no rotation conversion component is generated. Therefore, the calculation amount of the three-dimensional projection conversion can be greatly reduced, and the page turning operation can be reproduced sufficiently smoothly even with the microcomputer specifications for general use.
(2) Since the position of the page outer edge 61E of the page paper piece is adjusted so that the back page side is always concealed, only the image on the front side (spreading side) of the page paper piece always appears on one frame. Since there is no need to consider the image, the image processing burden is greatly reduced.
(3) As shown in FIG. 4, in each frame, the main page paper piece is curved so that the front page side is always concave. That is, in the page turning direction, the curving direction of the main page piece 61M is reversed between the turning start side (fourth page 51R ′ side) and the turning completion side (first page 51L side) with the turning intermediate position as a boundary. Therefore, the expression quality of the bent paper is improved.

Claims (9)

Page image data acquisition means for acquiring page image data for displaying the contents of each page of the booklet-type content;
A content display device that displays a specified page of the booklet-type content in a spread manner based on the corresponding page image data;
One of a pair of page paper pieces forming the current spread display state of the booklet-type content is a main page paper piece, the other is a complementary page paper piece, and the currently displayed page of the complementary page paper piece is a first page, The page currently displayed on the main page paper piece is set as the second page, the page constituting the back side of the main page paper piece is set as the third page, and the second page is paired with the third page to form a double-page spread state. The lower page of the main page paper piece is the fourth page, the binding side edge of the main page paper piece in the paper piece width direction is the page inner edge, and the opposite edge is the page outer edge. When switching to a double-page spread display state after turning the page consisting of the third page and the fourth page, the main page paper piece is used as the fourth page with the inner edge of the page as the turning axis. Three-dimensional page turning animation display means for displaying on the content display device a three-dimensional page turning animation for turning over the first page while floating from the paper surface of the page, wherein the main page paper piece of each frame of the animation is displayed. Page shape specification that prescribes a three-dimensional shape to be curved so that the front page side is always concave while maintaining the outer edge of the page parallel to the inner edge of the page so that the back page side is always hidden. A page shape defining information obtaining means for obtaining information, and a display image of the second page or the third page based on the page image data, the main image of each frame generated based on the acquired page shape defining information. Create page turning frame data by three-dimensional projection on the facing side of the page. And over-di turning frame data generating means, which has a a solid page turning animation display unit having a three-dimensional page turning animation reproducing means for reproducing the stereoscopic page turning animation on the basis of the page-turning frame data, and
The page shape defining information includes a curved surface portion having a tangent plane perpendicular to a reference page surface, which is a page surface in a non-turned state at the outer edge of the page, at least a portion including the outer edge of the main page paper piece in each frame. The booklet-type content display system is characterized in that the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame is defined as follows. Page image data acquisition means for acquiring page image data for displaying the contents of each page of the booklet-type content;
A content display device that displays a specified page of the booklet-type content in a spread manner based on the corresponding page image data;
One of a pair of page paper pieces forming the current spread display state of the booklet-type content is a main page paper piece, the other is a complementary page paper piece, and the currently displayed page of the complementary page paper piece is a first page, The page currently displayed on the main page paper piece is set as the second page, the page constituting the back side of the main page paper piece is set as the third page, and the second page is paired with the third page to form a double-page spread state. The lower page of the main page paper piece is the fourth page, the binding side edge of the main page paper piece in the paper piece width direction is the page inner edge, and the opposite edge is the page outer edge. When switching to a double-page spread display state after turning the page consisting of the third page and the fourth page, the main page paper piece is used as the fourth page with the inner edge of the page as the turning axis. Three-dimensional page turning animation display means for displaying on the content display device a three-dimensional page turning animation for turning over the first page while floating from the paper surface of the page, wherein the main page paper piece of each frame of the animation is displayed. Page shape specification that prescribes a three-dimensional shape to be curved so that the front page side is always concave while maintaining the outer edge of the page parallel to the inner edge of the page so that the back page side is always hidden. A page shape defining information obtaining means for obtaining information, and a display image of the second page or the third page based on the page image data, the main image of each frame generated based on the acquired page shape defining information. Create page turning frame data by three-dimensional projection on the facing side of the page. And over-di turning frame data generating means, which has a a solid page turning animation display unit having a three-dimensional page turning animation reproducing means for reproducing the stereoscopic page turning animation on the basis of the page-turning frame data, and
The page shape defining information includes a curved surface portion that is turned up from a reference page surface that is a non-turned page surface at a position that is a predetermined length apart from the outer edge of the main page paper piece in the width direction of the paper piece, and the reference page. A boundary line with a plane portion overlapping the surface is generated in parallel with the inner edge of the page, and the boundary line approaches the inner edge side of the page as the turning-up height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface increases. As described above, the booklet-type content display system is characterized in that it defines the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame.   The page shape defining information includes the curved surface portion turned up from the reference page surface at a position spaced apart from the outer edge of the main page paper piece by a predetermined length in the width direction of the paper piece, and a plane portion overlapping the reference page surface. Are generated in parallel with the inner edge of the page, and as the height of turning up of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface increases, the boundary line approaches the inner edge of the page so that the boundary line approaches the inner edge side of the page. The booklet-type content display system according to claim 1, which defines a three-dimensional shape of a main page paper piece.   The page shape defining information defines the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame so that the planar portion of the main page paper piece is a tangent plane to the curved surface portion at the boundary line. Item 4. The booklet-type content display system according to item 2 or item 3.   The page shape defining information includes four circular arc lengths equal to a distance from the boundary line to the outer edge of the page when the curved surface portion is expanded in the spread state in a cross section by a plane orthogonal to the inner edge of the page. The booklet-type content display system according to claim 4, wherein the booklet-type content display system is defined so as to be a cylindrical surface portion forming a split circle.   The page shape defining information includes a radius of the quadrant that defines the curved surface portion while bringing the boundary line closer to the inner edge of the page as the turn-up height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface increases. The booklet-type content display system according to claim 5, wherein a shape of the main page paper piece of each frame is defined so that the number of frames sequentially increases.   The page shape defining information is such that, in each frame, the entire main page paper piece has a tangential plane perpendicular to the reference page surface at the outer edge of the page and a cylindrical surface portion including the inner edge of the page. The booklet-type content display system according to claim 1, which defines a three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame.   The page shape defining information defines the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame so that the curvature radius of the cylindrical surface portion increases as the turning height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface increases. The booklet-type content display system according to claim 7. Page image data acquisition means for acquiring page image data for displaying the contents of each page of the booklet-type content;
A content display device that displays a specified page of the booklet-type content in a spread manner based on the corresponding page image data;
One of a pair of page paper pieces forming the current spread display state of the booklet-type content is a main page paper piece, the other is a complementary page paper piece, and the currently displayed page of the complementary page paper piece is a first page, The page currently displayed on the main page paper piece is set as the second page, the page constituting the back side of the main page paper piece is set as the third page, and the second page is paired with the third page to form a double-page spread state. The lower page of the main page paper piece is the fourth page, the binding side edge of the main page paper piece in the paper piece width direction is the page inner edge, and the opposite edge is the page outer edge. When switching to a double-page spread display state after turning the page consisting of the third page and the fourth page, the main page paper piece is used as the fourth page with the inner edge of the page as the turning axis. Three-dimensional page turning animation display means for displaying on the content display device a three-dimensional page turning animation for turning over the first page while floating from the paper surface of the page, wherein the main page paper piece of each frame of the animation is displayed. Page shape specification that prescribes a three-dimensional shape to be curved so that the front page side is always concave while maintaining the outer edge of the page parallel to the inner edge of the page so that the back page side is always hidden. A page shape defining information obtaining means for obtaining information, and a display image of the second page or the third page based on the page image data, the main image of each frame generated based on the acquired page shape defining information. Create page turning frame data by three-dimensional projection on the facing side of the page. And over-di turning frame data generating means, which has a a solid page turning animation display unit having a three-dimensional page turning animation reproducing means for reproducing the stereoscopic page turning animation on the basis of the page-turning frame data, and
The page shape defining information is
For a frame row in which the turning-up height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface, which is a non-turned page surface, is the first section on the reference page surface side, from the outer edge of the page of the main page paper piece, A boundary line between a curved surface portion turned up from the reference page surface at a position spaced apart by a predetermined length in the width direction of the paper and a plane portion overlapping the reference page surface is generated in parallel with the inner edge of the page, and from the reference page surface As the turning height of the main page paper piece increases, the three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece of each frame is defined such that the boundary line approaches the inner edge side of the page,
For the frame sequence that is the second section in which the turn-up height is larger than the first section, the entire main page paper piece in each frame is a tangential plane that is orthogonal to the reference page surface at the outer edge of the page. Each of the frames so that the radius of curvature of the cylindrical surface portion increases as the turn-up height of the main page paper piece from the reference page surface increases. A booklet-type content display system characterized by defining a three-dimensional shape of the main page paper piece.

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