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JP5400559B2 - Drilling with non-core bits - Google Patents

Drilling with non-core bits Download PDF

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JP5400559B2
JP5400559B2 JP2009238873A JP2009238873A JP5400559B2 JP 5400559 B2 JP5400559 B2 JP 5400559B2 JP 2009238873 A JP2009238873 A JP 2009238873A JP 2009238873 A JP2009238873 A JP 2009238873A JP 5400559 B2 JP5400559 B2 JP 5400559B2
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JP2011083978A (en
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敦彦 河野
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Description

本発明は、ノンコアビットを用いてコンクリート構造物に穴あけを行う方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for drilling a concrete structure using a non-core bit.

コンクリート構造物への穴あけは、ハンマードリルを用いて行う方法やコアドリルを用いて行う方法がある。このうち、前者のハンマードリルを用いて行う方法は、打撃を与えて穴あけを行うために振動や騒音が大きいのに対し、後者のコアドリルを用いて行う方法は、穴あけ作業が静粛に行える利点がある。   There are a method of drilling a concrete structure using a hammer drill and a method of using a core drill. Of these methods, the former method using a hammer drill generates a lot of vibration and noise in order to hit a hole and perform drilling, whereas the latter method using a core drill has the advantage that the drilling operation can be performed quietly. is there.

コンクリート構造物に比較的小径の穴あけを行う方法においては、ノンコアビットが用いられることが多い。図1は、この種のノンコアビット1を手持タイプのドリル2に取付けた例を示すもので、ノンコアビット1は、先端の刃先3がダイヤモンドチップで形成され、刃先3の冷却と、穴あけ時に発生する切り粉の排出のため、軸心に沿って形成された貫通穴に冷却水又はエアが通され、刃先3のスリット4より噴出されるようになっているか、或いは刃先3のスリット4よりエアが切り粉と共に吸引され、排出されるようになっており、その一例が下記特許文献1に開示されている。   Non-core bits are often used in methods for drilling relatively small diameters in concrete structures. FIG. 1 shows an example in which this type of non-core bit 1 is attached to a hand-held type drill 2. The non-core bit 1 has a tip 3 formed of a diamond tip, and is generated when the tip 3 is cooled and drilled. In order to discharge chips, cooling water or air is passed through a through-hole formed along the axial center and is ejected from the slit 4 of the blade edge 3 or air is discharged from the slit 4 of the blade edge 3. Is sucked together with the chips and discharged, and an example thereof is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below.

特開平11−10425号JP-A-11-10425

刃物は一般に、切れ味が最も良好に発揮できる切削速度がある。ノンコアビットについても同様、適正な回転速度があり、回転速度が適正速度より遅すぎると、切削時間が長くなったり、異常磨耗等の不具合を生ずる一方、回転速度が速すぎると、刃先が目潰れしたり、焼き付いたりして切削不能をもたらす。   The cutter generally has a cutting speed at which the sharpness can be best exhibited. Similarly, for non-core bits, there is an appropriate rotation speed, and if the rotation speed is too slow, the cutting time will be longer or abnormal wear will occur. On the other hand, if the rotation speed is too fast, the cutting edge will be clogged. Or seizure, resulting in inability to cut.

ノンコアビットでは、刃先の中心部から外周に至るまで全ての部分で切削が行われるが、問題は刃先の中心部と外周とで周速度に差を生ずることである。つまり中心では0である周速度が外周に向かうにつれて大きくなり、径が大きくなるほど中心と外周とで周速度の差が大きくなることで、外周での周速度を適正速度に設定すると、中心部での周速度が遅くなり、逆に中心部での周速度を適正に設定すると、外周での周速度が速くなり過ぎ、前述のトラブルを発生させる。中心部から外周に至るまでの全ての範囲で周速度を適正な範囲に設定することは、径が大きくなる程不可能である。   In the non-core bit, cutting is performed at all parts from the center part to the outer periphery of the blade edge, but the problem is that the peripheral speed is different between the center part and the outer periphery of the blade edge. In other words, the peripheral speed, which is 0 at the center, increases as it goes toward the outer periphery, and the larger the diameter, the greater the difference in peripheral speed between the center and the outer periphery. However, if the peripheral speed at the center portion is set appropriately, the peripheral speed at the outer periphery becomes too high and the above-described trouble occurs. It is impossible to set the peripheral speed to an appropriate range over the entire range from the center to the outer periphery as the diameter increases.

本発明者らの実験によると、前述するようなトラブルは15mmΦ以上のノンコアビットにおいて顕著に生ずることが実験の結果判明した。
本発明は、前述の問題を解消することができるようなノンコアビットによる穴あけ方法を提供することを目的とする。
According to the experiments by the present inventors, it has been found as a result of the experiments that the above-described trouble occurs remarkably in a non-core bit of 15 mmΦ or more.
An object of the present invention is to provide a drilling method using a non-core bit that can solve the above-described problems.

請求項1に係わる発明は、ノンコアビットを用いてコンクリート構造物に穴あけを行う方法において、先ず小径のノンコアビットを用いてコンクリート構造物に小径の先行穴を形成し、ついで該先行穴より大径のノンコアビットを用い、前記先行穴の外側を切削して先行穴と同心の拡径穴を形成することを特徴とし、
請求項2に係わる発明は、請求項1に係わる発明において、大径のノンコアビットは、刃先の少なくとも先端部がコーン状をなし、刃先先端部を先行穴に嵌合させて位置決めしたのち、前記先行穴をガイドとして切削が行われることを特徴とする。
The invention according to claim 1 is a method of drilling a concrete structure using a non-core bit. First, a small-diameter leading hole is formed in the concrete structure using a small-diameter non-core bit, and then a diameter larger than the preceding hole. The non-core bit is used, and the outside of the preceding hole is cut to form an enlarged hole concentric with the preceding hole,
The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the large-diameter non-core bit has a cone shape at least at the tip end of the blade tip, and is positioned by fitting the tip end portion of the blade tip into the leading hole. Cutting is performed using the preceding hole as a guide.

請求項3に係わる発明は、請求項1に係わる発明において、大径のノンコアビットは刃先先端に先行穴に嵌合する円形断面の突部を突設し、該突部を前記先行穴に嵌合させて位置決めしたのち、前記先行穴をガイドとして切削が行われることを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the large-diameter non-core bit has a projecting portion having a circular cross section that fits into the leading hole at the tip of the blade tip, and the projecting portion is fitted into the leading hole. After positioning together, cutting is performed using the preceding hole as a guide.

請求項1に係わる発明によると、コンクリート構造物への穴あけにおいては先ず、小径のノンコアビットを用いて先行穴が形成されるが、小径のノンコアビットは、刃先の中心部から外周まで周速度の差が小さいため、ドリルの回転数を適正に設定して穴あけを行えば、刃先のどの部分においても適正な周速度から大きく逸脱することはなく、したがって刃先の目潰れ、焼付け或いは長時間の穴あけ作業、異常磨耗といった問題を生ずることがなく、穴あけが正常かつ効率よく行えるようになる。先行穴を形成したのち、大径のノンコアビットを用い、拡径穴が形成されるが、大径のノンコアビットは、刃先の中心部が先行穴に対応するため、コンクリート構造物には接触せず、削孔が行われることはない。削孔は、コンクリート構造物に当たる箇所の刃先周縁部で行われ、該周縁部では内外の周速度の差が小さいため、ドリルを適正回転数に設定しても、前記と同様、拡径穴の形成が正常かつ効率よく行えるようになる。   According to the invention relating to claim 1, in drilling a concrete structure, first, a leading hole is formed using a small-diameter non-core bit, but the small-diameter non-core bit has a peripheral speed from the center of the blade edge to the outer periphery. Because the difference is small, drilling with the drill speed set appropriately does not deviate significantly from the proper peripheral speed at any part of the cutting edge. Therefore, the cutting edge is clogged, baked or drilled for a long time. Drilling can be performed normally and efficiently without causing problems such as work and abnormal wear. After forming the leading hole, an enlarged hole is formed using a large-diameter non-core bit. However, the large-diameter non-core bit is not in contact with the concrete structure because the center of the blade edge corresponds to the leading hole. No drilling is performed. Drilling is performed at the peripheral edge of the cutting edge where it hits the concrete structure, and since the difference in peripheral speed between the inside and outside of the periphery is small, even if the drill is set to an appropriate rotational speed, Formation can be performed normally and efficiently.

拡径穴を形成したのち、更に大径のノンコアビットを用いて穴径を拡げることもできる。したがって径の異なる複数のノンコアビットを径の小さなものから順に用い、穴あけ作業を繰返すことにより、より大径の穴あけを正常かつ効率よく行うことができる。   After forming the diameter-expanded hole, the diameter of the hole can be expanded using a larger non-core bit. Therefore, by using a plurality of non-core bits having different diameters in order from the smallest diameter and repeating the drilling operation, it is possible to perform drilling with a larger diameter normally and efficiently.

本発明のノンコアビットは穴あけ時、ドリルに取付けられるが、ドリルは固定タイプであっても、図1に示されるような手持タイプであってもよい。ドリルが固定タイプである場合、複数回に分けて削孔してもビットの中心がずれることなく孔あけが行えるが、手持タイプである場合、持ったドリルは動き易いため、先行穴と拡径穴の中心がずれ易くなる。この点、請求項2に係わる発明のように、刃先先端部を先行穴に嵌合させて位置決めを行い、穴あけを行うと、先行穴がガイドとなってノンコアビットが押し進められるようになり、先行穴と同心をなす拡径穴を確実に形成できるようになる。   The non-core bit of the present invention is attached to a drill when drilling, but the drill may be a fixed type or a hand-held type as shown in FIG. If the drill is a fixed type, drilling can be done without shifting the center of the bit even if drilling in multiple times, but if it is a hand-held type, the drill you have is easy to move, so the diameter of the preceding hole is increased. The center of the hole is easily displaced. In this regard, as in the invention according to claim 2, positioning is performed by fitting the tip of the blade edge to the preceding hole, and when the hole is drilled, the leading hole becomes a guide and the non-core bit is pushed forward. It becomes possible to reliably form an enlarged hole concentric with the hole.

また請求項3に係わる発明のように、突部を先行穴に嵌合させて位置決めを行ったのちは、同じく先行穴がガイドとなって、ノンコアビットが押し進められ、先行穴と同心の拡径穴が確実に形成されるようになる。   Further, as in the invention according to claim 3, after positioning by fitting the protrusion into the preceding hole, the leading hole is also used as a guide, and the non-core bit is pushed forward to expand the diameter concentric with the preceding hole. A hole is surely formed.

ノンコアビットを取付けた手持ちタイプのドリルの側面図。Side view of a hand-held drill with a non-core bit attached. コンクリート構造物に先行穴をあける直前の状態を示す図。The figure which shows the state immediately before making a preceding hole in a concrete structure. コンクリート構造物に先行穴をあけた断面図。Sectional drawing which made the preceding hole in the concrete structure. 大径のノンコアビットの要部の正面図。The front view of the principal part of a large diameter non-core bit. 同側面図。The same side view. 図4に示すノンコアビットを用いて拡径穴を形成する直前の状態を示す図。The figure which shows the state just before forming an enlarged diameter hole using the non-core bit shown in FIG. コンクリート構造物に拡径穴をあけた断面図。Sectional drawing which opened the diameter expansion hole in the concrete structure. 大径のノンコアビットの別の例の要部の正面図。The front view of the principal part of another example of a large diameter non-core bit. 同側面図。The same side view.

以下、本発明の実施形態として、ノンコアビットを図1に示す手持ちタイプのドリル2に取付けてコンクリート構造物に例えば20mmΦの穴あけを行う方法について図面により説明する。   Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a method of attaching a non-core bit to the hand-held drill 2 shown in FIG.

先ず図1に示すように、外径が10mmΦ程度の比較的小径なノンコアビット1を手持タイプのドリル2に取付けて、図2に示すコンクリート構造物5への穴あけ作業を行い、先行穴6を形成する(図3)。この先行穴6は図示するものでは盲穴となっているが、コンクリート構造物5を貫通する貫通穴であってもよい。   First, as shown in FIG. 1, a relatively small non-core bit 1 having an outer diameter of about 10 mmΦ is attached to a hand-held drill 2, and a drilling operation is performed on the concrete structure 5 shown in FIG. Form (FIG. 3). This leading hole 6 is a blind hole in the illustrated one, but may be a through hole penetrating the concrete structure 5.

先行穴形成後、次にドリル2よりノンコアビット1を取外し、図4及び図5に示すノンコアビット7を取付ける。このノンコアビット7は外径が20mmΦ程度で、刃先8の先端にノンコアビット1と同径の10mmΦの突部9を突設し、スリット11より冷却水又はエアが噴出するか、或いはエアが切粉と共に吸引され、図示しない軸方向の貫通孔を通して排出できるようにしてある。   After forming the preceding hole, the non-core bit 1 is then removed from the drill 2 and the non-core bit 7 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is attached. This non-core bit 7 has an outer diameter of about 20 mmΦ, and a projection 9 having a diameter of 10 mmΦ, which is the same diameter as the non-core bit 1, is provided at the tip of the cutting edge 8. It is sucked together with the powder and can be discharged through an axial through hole (not shown).

先行孔6の拡径は、ドリル2に取付けたノンコアビット7の突部9を先行孔6に嵌合させて行う(図6)。これによりノンコアビット7の位置決めが行われ、位置決め後、穴あけ作業が行われる。削孔中において、先行穴6が削孔時における突部9のガイドとなり、先行穴6と同心の穴あけが行えるようになる。図7は形成された拡径穴12を示す。先行穴6が貫通穴である場合、この拡径穴12も貫通穴として形成される。   The diameter of the leading hole 6 is increased by fitting the protrusion 9 of the non-core bit 7 attached to the drill 2 into the leading hole 6 (FIG. 6). Thereby, positioning of the non-core bit 7 is performed, and after the positioning, a drilling operation is performed. In the drilling, the leading hole 6 serves as a guide for the protrusion 9 during drilling, and can be drilled concentrically with the leading hole 6. FIG. 7 shows the formed enlarged diameter hole 12. When the preceding hole 6 is a through hole, the enlarged diameter hole 12 is also formed as a through hole.

本実施形態によると、先ず外径が10mmΦ程度のノンコアビット1を用いて穿孔穴6が形成されるが、10mmΦ程度のビット1では、刃先の中心部と外周で周速度の差が小さく、刃先のどの部分においても適正な周速度から大きく逸脱しないで、正常な穴あけが効率よく行える。穿孔穴6を形成後は、外径が20mmΦ程度のノンコアビット7を用いて拡径穴12が形成されるが、ノンコアビット7の刃先の中心部は先行穴6に対応し、コンクリート構造物5への削孔に行われない。コンクリート構造物5への削孔は、刃先周縁部の10mmΦ〜20mmΦの間で行われ、内外の周速度の差は小さいため、ドリル2を高速回転に設定しても先行穴6と同心の拡径穴12の形成が正常かつ能率よく行える。   According to the present embodiment, the perforated hole 6 is first formed using the non-core bit 1 having an outer diameter of about 10 mmΦ, but the bit 1 having a diameter of about 10 mmΦ has a small difference in peripheral speed between the center portion and the outer periphery of the blade edge. Normal drilling can be performed efficiently without greatly deviating from the appropriate peripheral speed in any part of the hole. After the perforated hole 6 is formed, the diameter-expanded hole 12 is formed using the non-core bit 7 having an outer diameter of about 20 mmΦ. The center portion of the cutting edge of the non-core bit 7 corresponds to the preceding hole 6 and the concrete structure 5 Not done to drilling into. Drilling in the concrete structure 5 is performed between 10 mmΦ to 20 mmΦ at the peripheral edge of the cutting edge, and the difference in the peripheral speed between the inside and outside is small. Therefore, even if the drill 2 is set to high speed rotation, concentric expansion with the preceding hole 6 is performed. The formation of the diameter hole 12 can be performed normally and efficiently.

図7に示す拡径穴12より更に大きな拡径穴を形成するときには、外径がより大きなノンコアビットが用いられる。
図8及び図9は、外径が20mmΦ程度のノンコアビットの別の例を示すもので、図示するノンコアビット15は、刃先16の先端部がコーン状をなし、コーン状の先端部16aは先行穴6の径より小さく、先行穴6に嵌合して位置決めが行われるようになっている。
When forming an enlarged hole larger than the enlarged hole 12 shown in FIG. 7, a non-core bit having a larger outer diameter is used.
8 and 9 show another example of a non-core bit having an outer diameter of about 20 mmΦ. In the non-core bit 15 shown in the figure, the tip of the blade edge 16 has a cone shape, and the cone-shaped tip portion 16a has a leading edge. It is smaller than the diameter of the hole 6 and is positioned by being fitted into the preceding hole 6.

本実施形態のノンコアビット15を用いても、削孔中、先行穴6がガイドとなり、先行穴6と同心の穴あけが行え、拡径穴の形成を正常かつ能率よく行うことができる。
前記実施形態のノンコアビット1、7、15は手持タイプのドリルに取付けられるようになっているが、ドリルがコンクリート構造物5に固定される固定タイプのものに取付けることもでき、これにより20mmΦ程度の比較的径の大きな穴あけを正常かつ能率よく行うことができる。
Even when the non-core bit 15 of the present embodiment is used, the leading hole 6 serves as a guide during drilling and can be drilled concentrically with the leading hole 6 so that the enlarged diameter hole can be formed normally and efficiently.
The non-core bits 1, 7, 15 of the above embodiment are adapted to be attached to a hand-held type drill, but can be attached to a fixed type in which the drill is fixed to the concrete structure 5. Drilling with a relatively large diameter can be performed normally and efficiently.

1、7、15・・ノンコアビット
2・・ドリル
3、8、16・・刃先
4、11・・スリット
5・・コンクリート構造物
6・・先行穴
9・・突部
12・・拡径穴
1, 7, 15 ..Non-core bit 2 ..Drill 3, 8, 16 ..Cutting edge 4, 11 ..Slit 5 ..Concrete structure 6 ..Previous hole 9 .. Projection 12.

Claims (3)

ノンコアビットを用いてコンクリート構造物に穴あけを行う方法において、先ず小径のノンコアビットを用いてコンクリート構造物に小径の先行穴を形成し、ついで該先行穴より大径のノンコアビットを用い、前記先行穴の外側を切削して先行穴と同心の拡径穴を形成することを特徴とするノンコアビットによる穴あけ方法。   In a method of drilling a concrete structure using a non-core bit, first, a small diameter non-core bit is used to form a small diameter leading hole, and then a non-core bit having a diameter larger than the preceding hole is used. A non-core bit drilling method characterized in that the outside of the hole is cut to form an enlarged hole concentric with the preceding hole. 大径のノンコアビットは、刃先の少なくとも先端部がコーン状をなし、刃先先端部を先行穴に嵌合させて位置決めしたのち、前記先行穴をガイドとして切削が行われることを特徴とする請求項1記載のノンコアビットによる穴あけ方法。   The large-diameter non-core bit is characterized in that at least the tip of the cutting edge is formed in a cone shape, and the cutting is performed using the leading hole as a guide after the tip of the cutting edge is fitted and positioned in the leading hole. A drilling method using the non-core bit according to 1. 大径のノンコアビットは刃先先端に先行穴に嵌合する円形断面の突部を突設し、該突部を前記先行穴に嵌合させて位置決めしたのち、前記先行穴をガイドとして切削が行われることを特徴とする請求項1記載のノンコアビットによる穴あけ方法。   A large-diameter non-core bit is provided with a circular cross-sectional protrusion that fits into the leading hole at the tip of the blade, and after positioning the protruding part into the leading hole, cutting is performed using the leading hole as a guide. The method for drilling with a non-core bit according to claim 1, wherein:
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