JP5126639B2 - 新規液晶表示装置及び有用な液晶組成物 - Google Patents
新規液晶表示装置及び有用な液晶組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5126639B2 JP5126639B2 JP2012529054A JP2012529054A JP5126639B2 JP 5126639 B2 JP5126639 B2 JP 5126639B2 JP 2012529054 A JP2012529054 A JP 2012529054A JP 2012529054 A JP2012529054 A JP 2012529054A JP 5126639 B2 JP5126639 B2 JP 5126639B2
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- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004959 2,6-naphthylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C2=C([H])C([*:1])=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C1[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000004955 1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- DQFBYFPFKXHELB-VAWYXSNFSA-N trans-chalcone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 DQFBYFPFKXHELB-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M trans-cinnamate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- YGPLLMPPZRUGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N truxene Chemical class C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C2=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C2)=C1C1=C3CC2=CC=CC=C21 YGPLLMPPZRUGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005450 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([*:2])C(F)=C(F)C([*:1])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000319 biphenyl-4-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
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Description
しかし、VAIPS方式においては、これらの一般的な計算式は当てはまらず、液晶材料の選択の基準が無いことから、性能の改善が進まず、結果として液晶表示装置としての応用は遅れていた。
A1及びA2はそれぞれ独立して、1,4−シクロヘキシレン基、1,4−フェニレン基又は2,3−ジフルオロ−1,4−フェニレン基が好ましく、
Z1〜Z4はそれぞれ独立して単結合、−C≡C−、−CH2CH2−、−OCH2−、−CH2O−、−OCF2−又は−CF2O−が好ましく、単結合、−OCH2−、−CH2O−、−OCF2−又は−CF2O−がより好ましい、
m1及びm2はそれぞれ独立して0〜2の整数を表すことが好ましく、m1+m2は1又は2が好ましい。
一般式(LC3)が下記一般式(LC3)−1から一般式(LC3)−13
一般式(LC4)が下記一般式(LC4)−1から一般式(LC4)−6であり、一般式(LC5)が下記一般式(LC5)−1から一般式(LC5)−4
で表される化合物であり、さらに好ましくは一般式(LC6)におけるR1及び/又はR2がアルケニル又はアルケニルオキシ基であるか及び/又は、一般式(LC6)におけるZ1及びZ2の一つが−CH=CH−、−C≡C−、−CH2CH2−、−(CH2)4−、−COO−、−OCH2−、−CH2O−、−OCF2−又は−CF2O−であり、残りが単結合である化合物を1種又は2種以上含有してもよい。
より好ましくは、重合性化合物一般式(PC1)におけるMGが以下の構造
重合性化合物の使用量は好ましくは0.05〜2.0質量%である。
TN-I :ネマチック相−等方性液体相転移温度(℃)を液晶相上限温度
Δε :誘電率異方性
Δn :屈折率異方性
Vsat :周波数1KHzの矩形波を印加した時の透過率が90%変化する印加電圧
化合物記載に下記の略号を使用する。
-2- -CH2CH2-
-1O- -CH2O-
-O1- -OCH2-
-On -OCnH2n+1
-1=1- -HC=CH-
ndm- CnH2n+1-HC=CH-(CH2)m-1-
図4に示す電極構造を第二の基板に作成し、電極構造を設けない第一の基板を使用し各々の対向側に垂直配向性の配向膜を形成し、第一の基板と第二の基板の間に表1の実施例1に示した負の誘電異方性液晶を挟持して液晶表示装置を作成した。(セル厚4.0μm、配向膜SE−5300)
実施例1で用いた液晶組成物を用いて従来のVA液晶表示装置を作製しその物性値を測定した。その結果を前記表1に併せて示す。
図4に示す電極構造を第二の基板に作成し、電極構造を設けない第一の基板を使用し各々の対向側の片方に垂直配向性の配向膜を形成し、他方に水平配向性の配向膜を形成し、第一の基板と第二の基板の間に表1の実施例2に示した負の誘電異方性液晶を挟持して液晶表示装置を作成した。(セル厚4.0μm、配向膜SE−5300、AL−1051)
該液晶表示装置は同じ負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持した従来のVA液晶表示装置と比較して、より高速な応答速度、より多い透過光量、外圧による光漏れの低減、より広範囲な視野角、より大きなコントラスト比を実現した。
図4に示す電極構造を第二の基板に作成し、電極構造を設けない第一の基板を使用し各々の対向側に垂直配向性の配向膜を形成し、第一の基板と第二の基板の間に表1の実施例3に示した負の誘電異方性液晶及び2−メチルーアクリル酸4‘−{2−[4−(2−アクリロイルオキシーエチル)―フェノキシカルボニル]―エチル}―ビフェニル−4−イルエステルを0.3質量%挟持して液晶表示装置を作成した。(セル厚4.0μm、配向膜SE−5300)電極間に駆動電圧を印加したまま、紫外線を600秒間照射(3.0J/cm2)し、重合処理を行った。
図4に示す電極構造を第二の基板に作成し、電極構造を設けない第一の基板を使用し各々の対向側の片方に垂直配向性の配向膜を形成し、他方に水平配向性の配向膜を形成し、第一の基板と第二の基板の間に表1の実施例4に示した負の誘電異方性液晶を挟持して液晶表示装置を作成した。(セル厚4.0μm、配向膜SE−5300、AL−1051)電極間に駆動電圧を印加したまま、紫外線を600秒間照射(3.0J/cm2)し、重合処理を行った。
実施例1と同様に表2に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例5の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例6の液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1と同様に表3に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例7の液晶表示装置を、実施例1と同様に実施例8の液晶表示装置、実施例1と同様に実施例9の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例10の液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1と同様に表4に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例11の液晶表示装置を、実施例1と同様に実施例12の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例13の液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1と同様に表5に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例14の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例15の液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1と同様に表6に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例16の液晶表示装置を、実施例1と同様に実施例17の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例18の液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1と同様に表7に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例19の液晶表示装置を、実施例1と同様に実施例20の液晶表示装置、実施例1と同様に実施例21の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例22の液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1と同様に表8に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例23の液晶表示装置を、実施例1と同様に実施例24の液晶表示装置、実施例1と同様に実施例25の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例26の液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1と同様に表9に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例27の液晶表示装置を、実施例1と同様に実施例28の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例29の液晶表示装置を作成した。
実施例1と同様に表10に示す負の誘電異方性液晶を狭持して実施例30の液晶表示装置を、実施例1と同様に実施例31の液晶表示装置及び実施例1と同様に実施例32の液晶表示装置を作成した。
Claims (32)
- 第一の基板と、第二の基板と、前記第一の基板と第二の基板間に挟持された負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶組成物層からなる液晶表示装置であって、該液晶表示装置は、複数の画素を有し、前記画素のそれぞれは、独立的に制御可能であって、前記画素は一対の画素電極と共通電極を有し、この両電極が前記第一と第二の両基板の少なくとも一方の基板に設けられ、該液晶組成物層の液晶分子の長軸が略垂直配向又はハイブリッド配向しており、該液晶組成物層として一般式(LC1)から一般式(LC5)
(式中、R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立して炭素数1〜15のアルキル基を表し、該アルキル基中の1つ又は2つ以上のCH2基は、O原子が直接隣接しないように、−O−、−CH=CH−、−CO−、−OCO−、−COO−、−C≡C−、−CF2O−又は−OCF2−で置換されてよく、該アルキル基中の1つ又は2つ以上のH原子は任意にハロゲン置換されていてもよく、A1及びA2はそれぞれ独立して下記の構造
- 前記画素電極と共通電極の間隔(dgap、μm)が、画素電極又は共通電極の幅(dITO、μm)より小さい、請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶組成物層として、一般式(LC6)
- 一般式(LC6)で表される化合物を30〜70質量%含有し、液晶組成物の20℃での粘度ηが20mPa・s以下である請求項3又は7記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(LC3)−1から一般式(LC3)−13、一般式(LC4)−1から一般式(LC4)−6及び一般式(LC5)−1から一般式(LC5)−4においてZ1及びZ2の少なくとも一方が−C2FO−又は−OCF2−である請求項5又は6記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(LC1)〜(LC5)においてΔεが−4以下の化合物を2種以上含有する液晶組成物を使用したことを特徴とする請求項2記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(LC1)〜(LC5)においてΔεが−4以下の化合物を2種以上かつ70〜30質量%含有し、一般式(LC6)で表される化合物を30〜70質量%含有する液晶組成物を使用したことを特徴とする請求項2〜10いずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(LC2)〜(LC5)においてΔεが−4以下の化合物を2種以上かつ70〜30質量%含有し、一般式(LC6)で表される化合物を30〜70質量%含有する請求項3記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶組成物層として重合性化合物を1種又は2種以上含有する液晶組成物を使用する請求項2〜12のいずれか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 重合性化合物が、ベンゼン誘導体、トリフェニレン誘導体、トルキセン誘導体、フタロシアニン誘導体又はシクロヘキサン誘導体を分子の中心の母核とし、直鎖のアルキル基、直鎖のアルコキシ基又は置換ベンゾイルオキシ基がその側鎖として放射状に置換した構造である円盤状液晶化合物である請求項13記載の液晶表示装置。
- 重合性化合物が一般式(PC1)
- 一般式(PC1)においてMGが以下の構造
該1,4−フェニレン基、1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロナフタレン−2,6−ジイル基、2,6−ナフチレン基、フェナントレン−2,7−ジイル基、9,10−ジヒドロフェナントレン−2,7−ジイル基、1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a−オクタヒドロフェナントレン2,7−ジイル基及びフルオレン2,7−ジイル基は置換基として1個以上のF、Cl、CF3、OCF3、シアノ基、炭素原子数1〜8のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルカノイル基、アルカノイルオキシ基、炭素原子数2〜8のアルケニル基、アルケニルオキシ基、アルケノイル基又はアルケノイルオキシ基を有していても良く、Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立して−COO−、−OCO−、−CH2CH2−、−OCH2−、−CH2O−、−CH=CH−、−C≡C−、−CH=CHCOO−、−OCOCH=CH−、−CH2CH2COO−、−CH2CH2OCO−、−COOCH2CH2−、−OCOCH2CH2−、−CONH−、−NHCO−又は単結合を表し、n5は0、1又は2を表す。)で表される請求項15記載の液晶表示装置。 - 一般式(PC1)において、Sp1及びSp2がそれぞれ独立してアルキレン基を表し、該アルキレン基は1つ以上のハロゲン原子又はCNにより置換されていても良く、この基中に存在する1つ又は2つ以上のCH2基はO原子が直接隣接しないように−O−、−S−、−NH−、−N(CH3)−、−CO−、−COO−、−OCO−、−OCOO−、−SCO−、−COS−又は−C≡C−により置き換えられていてもよい請求項15又は16記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(PC1)及び一般式(PC1)−1から一般式(PC1)−8においてSp1、Sp2、Q1、及びQ2がすべて単結合である請求項15〜20いずれか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(PC1)−1から一般式(PC1)−8においてn3+n4が3〜6である請求項20又は21記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(PC1)及び一般式(PC1)−1から一般式(PC1)−8においてP1及びP2が一般式(PC1−b)である請求項18〜22いずれか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(PC1)−1〜一般式(PC1)−8においてW1がF、CF3、OCF3、CH3又はOCH3であり、n6が1、2、3又は4である請求項20〜22いずれか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一般式(PC1)におけるMGが一般式(PC1)−9で表される円盤状液晶化合物を1種又は2種以上含有する液晶組成物を使用したことを特徴とする請求項15記載の液晶表示装置。
- 液晶組成物が重合開始剤を含まない請求項13〜25の何れか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 重合性化合物の含有量が0.05〜2.0質量%である請求項13〜25の何れか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 液晶組成物の屈折率異方性(Δn)と表示装置の第一の基板と、第二の基板との間隔(d)の積(Δn・d)が0.30〜0.40である請求項1〜27の何れか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 表示装置の第一の基板と、第二の基板上の液晶組成物と接する面にポリイミド(PI)、ポリアミド、カルコン、シンナメート又はシンナモイルからなる配向膜を設けた請求項1〜28のいずれか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 表示装置の第一の基板と、第二の基板上の液晶組成物と接する面に光配向技術を用いて作成した配向膜を設けた請求項29記載の液晶表示装置。
- 基板面上の液晶組成物のチルト角が85〜90°である請求項1〜30の何れか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 第一の基板と第二の基板の一方の基板面上の液晶組成物のチルト角が85〜90°であり、他方の基板面上の液晶組成物のチルト角が3〜20°である請求項1〜30の何れか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。
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US9389462B2 (en) | 2016-07-12 |
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