JP5186466B2 - Chemical analyzer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a chemical analyzer for analyzing a biological sample such as blood and urine, and more particularly to a chemical analyzer suitable for a device equipped with a thermostatic chamber for keeping a reaction container at a constant temperature.

  In a conventional chemical analyzer, a sample and a reagent are dispensed into reaction containers, stirred and kept at a constant temperature to advance the chemical reaction between the sample and the reagent, and the components of the sample are measured by measuring the absorbance and the like. An apparatus for performing analysis is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this apparatus, the temperature of the liquid in the reaction container is kept constant by immersing the reaction container in constant temperature water when keeping the temperature of the reaction container, and controlling the temperature of the constant temperature water in the constant temperature bath. In the analysis, samples are sequentially dispensed into the reaction vessel, reagents are further dispensed according to the analysis items, the sample and the reagent are agitated, and the analysis operation is performed after a certain period of time. In order to achieve this, a process is adopted in which a plurality of reaction vessel rows are arranged on the circumference, and the reaction vessel rows are transported along the circumference to perform dispensing, stirring, and analysis at specific positions on the circumference. .

  However, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the reaction of the sample-reagent solution after stirring proceeds through an incubation step that maintains a predetermined temperature for a certain period of time, and thereafter a measurement operation for component analysis is possible. Become. Therefore, the temperature of the reaction container needs to be kept constant during the incubation in the thermostat, and the temperature change during the incubation may lead to an error in the analysis result.

  On the other hand, in the conventional thermostat, the reaction vessels are kept warm on the premise that the temperature of the thermostatic water is kept constant, but in the thermostat bath of this system, the reaction vessels are close to each other via the thermostatic water. Because of the structure, when one of the reaction vessels changes in temperature, it causes a change in the temperature of the surrounding constant temperature water, and the adjacent reaction vessel also changes in temperature. In particular, the stirring and dispensing operations may cause heat inflow and loss to the reaction vessel in which the operations are performed, and the temperature of the adjacent reaction vessel is likely to change as well as the reaction vessel in which the operation is performed. Therefore, in the conventional apparatus, a temperature change may occur during the incubation step due to the stirring and dispensing operation to the adjacent reaction vessel.

  In order to avoid the influence of temperature changes between reaction vessels, there is a means to increase the distance between reaction vessels. However, the space between reaction vessels is inconsequential due to the space saving of the equipment and the maintenance of throughput. It is difficult to spread it.

  On the other hand, in order to guide a water flow between adjacent reaction vessels, one in which fins are provided in each reaction vessel is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).

  Moreover, what provides the nozzle for guide | inducing a jet between adjacent reaction containers is known (for example, refer patent document 3).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-181087 JP-A-11-174059 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-153603

  However, in the thing of patent document 2, it is necessary to provide a fin in all the reaction containers, and there exists a problem that cost rises.

  In addition, the apparatus described in Patent Document 3 has a problem in that the apparatus configuration is complicated because a flow path switching mechanism is provided and a jet is ejected from a nozzle only when a reagent is discharged.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a chemical analysis apparatus including a thermostat having a low cost, a simple apparatus configuration, and good temperature stability of a reaction vessel.

(1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention controls the temperature of a reaction disk in which a plurality of reaction vessels containing reagents and specimens are arranged on the circumference, and the reaction solution contained in the reaction vessel. A constant temperature bath that fills the constant temperature water and forms an annular flow path, a drive unit that rotationally drives a reaction disk in the constant temperature tank, and a bottom surface of the constant temperature bath that blocks the flow of the constant temperature water in the annular flow path. Accordingly, the cause of the constant temperature water flow between adjacent reaction vessels on the reaction disk is obtained by the so that with the convex member.
With this configuration, the cost is low, the apparatus configuration is simple, and the temperature stability of the reaction vessel is improved.

In (2) above (1), preferably, the convex member is a plate-like body, are those placed perpendicular to the bottom of the thermostatic chamber.
(3) In the above (1), preferably, the convex member is a plate-like body, and is disposed obliquely with respect to a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the constant temperature water.

( 4 ) In the above (2) or (3) , preferably, the reaction vessels are arranged at regular intervals, and the convex members are also arranged at regular intervals equal to the intervals of the reaction vessels. is there.

( 5 ) In the above ( 4 ), preferably, the convex member is composed of two plate members , and the first plate member makes a water flow on the front side in the flow direction of the constant temperature water with respect to the reaction vessel. The second plate member is formed such that a water flow is formed on the rear surface side in the constant temperature water flow direction with respect to the reaction vessel.

( 6 ) In the above ( 5 ), preferably, the first plate member is installed such that its upstream surface coincides with the upstream corner of the water flow on the disk outer periphery side of the reaction vessel. It is.

In (7) above (1), preferably, the convex member is at least a position where the dispensing sample into a reaction vessel, is provided at a position for cleaning the interior 及 beauty the reaction vessel.
(8) In said (3), Preferably, the said convex-shaped member is a plate-shaped object, and it comprises 30 degrees-60 degrees with respect to the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of constant temperature water. Is.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a chemical analysis apparatus including a thermostat having a low cost, a simple apparatus configuration, and excellent temperature stability of a reaction vessel.

It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the chemical analyzer by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the principal part structure around the thermostat of the chemical analyzer by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the structure of the bottom part of the thermostat of the chemical analyzer by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the water flow control board provided in the thermostat of the chemical analyzer by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the water flow control board provided in the thermostat of the chemical analyzer by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the water flow control board provided in the thermostat of the chemical analyzer by one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the influence on the adjacent reaction container by the temperature fall of the reaction container in a chemical analyzer. It is a figure which shows the structure of the water flow control board provided in the thermostat of the chemical analyzer by other embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of a chemical analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the overall configuration of the chemical analyzer according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of a chemical analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The sample disk 1 holds a plurality of sample containers 1A. A sample solution is stored in the sample container 1A. The reagent disk 2 holds a plurality of reagent containers 2A. Reagents are respectively stored in the reagent containers 2A.

  The constant temperature bath 10 formed in an annular shape is filled with constant temperature water so as to flow along the circumference. A reaction disk 5 is installed in the upper part of the constant temperature bath 10. A plurality of reaction vessels 3 are held on the reaction disk 5. The reaction vessel 3 is arranged so as to be immersed in the constant temperature water inside the constant temperature bath 10, and the solution inside the reaction vessel 3 becomes isothermal with the temperature of the constant temperature water. The reaction vessel 3 is formed of a box-shaped optically transparent material. The reaction disk 5 rotates in the direction of arrow R.

  The sample dispensing device 4 sucks the sample from the sample container 1 </ b> A held on the sample disk 1 and discharges the sample into the reaction container 3 held on the reaction disk 5. The reagent dispensing device 6 sucks the reagent corresponding to the analysis item from the reagent container 2 </ b> A held on the reagent disk 2, and discharges it to the inside of the reaction container 3 held on the reaction disk 5.

  The agitation station 7 mixes the specimen and reagent accommodated in the reaction vessel 3. After stirring, the sample is placed in an incubation step for advancing the reaction between the specimen and the reagent at a constant temperature for a predetermined time.

  A plurality of rows of reaction vessels 3 are conveyed on the circumference of the thermostat so as to pass through the above-described steps, and finally, the absorbance measurement is performed at the absorbance measurement station 8 to obtain the component analysis result of the specimen. .

  In addition, the inside of the reaction vessel 3 that has been analyzed is cleaned by the cleaning device 9.

  Here, when the reaction disk 5 rotates and the reaction container 3 is positioned at the position m (sample dispensing station), the sample dispensing operation is performed. When the reaction container 3 is positioned at the position n (reagent dispensing station), the reagent dispensing operation is performed. Is performed, the stirring operation is performed at the position o (stirring station), and the cleaning operation is performed at the position p (cleaning station).

Next, the configuration around the thermostat of the chemical analyzer according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a main part configuration around the thermostatic chamber of the chemical analyzer according to the embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.

  The dispensing device 6 includes an arm 6A and a nozzle 6B. The arm 6A moves up and down and rotates on the locus indicated by the broken line. The nozzle 6B is fixed to the tip of the arm 6A. The nozzle 6B performs an operation of sucking a predetermined reagent from the reagent container 2A installed on the reagent disk 2 shown in FIG.

  Moreover, the reaction container 3 is arrange | positioned so that attachment or detachment to the reaction disk 5 installed in the upper part of the thermostat 10 is carried out. The reaction disk 11 rotates in the direction of the arrow, and is conveyed to each station position described with reference to FIG.

Next, the configuration of the bottom of the thermostatic chamber of the chemical analyzer according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of the bottom of the thermostatic chamber of the chemical analyzer according to one embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.

  A constant temperature water whose temperature is controlled from the water supply port 10i is supplied to the bottom of the constant temperature bath 10 at a predetermined pressure, and by collecting the constant temperature water from the drain port 10o, a water flow is generated in the direction of the solid arrow Q.

  For that purpose, a constant temperature water control unit 20, a pump 22, and a heater 24 are provided. The pump 22 supplies the constant temperature water flowing out from the drain port 10o to the inside of the constant temperature bath 10 from the water supply port 10i. The heater 24 controls the temperature so that the temperature of the constant temperature water becomes a constant temperature (for example, 37 ° C.). The pump 22 and the heater 24 are controlled by the constant temperature water control unit 20.

  A portion PD indicated by a broken line arrow is provided in order to limit the constant-temperature water flow rate in the portion by narrowing the flow path width of the constant-temperature bath 10 around the absorbance photometry station 8 shown in FIG. The reason for the restriction of the water flow rate is that there are conditions that hinder measurement when the amount of constant-temperature water is too large, such as air bubbles in the area where photometry is performed, which enables stable absorbance measurement. It becomes.

  Reference numerals 3a, 3b, and 3c indicate reaction containers positioned before and after the position n of the reagent dispensing station.

Next, the configuration of the water flow control plate provided in the thermostat of the chemical analyzer according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
4-6 is a figure which shows the structure of the water flow control board provided in the thermostat of the chemical analyzer by one Embodiment of this invention. 4 and 5 are plan views, FIG. 6 (A) is a cross-sectional view in the circumferential direction of the thermostatic chamber, and FIG. 6 (B) is a cross-sectional view from a direction orthogonal to FIG. 6 (A). The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of water flow control plates 12 are provided at the bottom of the constant temperature bath 10. The water flow control plate 12 is a plate-like body. The water flow control plate 12 is disposed perpendicularly to the bottom of the thermostatic chamber 10 and at an angle θ1 with respect to a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the constant temperature water. The angle θ1 is, for example, 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

  The positions where the water flow control plate 12 is provided are a position n (reagent dispensing station), a position o (stirring station), and a position p (washing station) of the thermostatic bath 10.

  The reaction vessel is rotated by a predetermined angle by the reaction vessel disk and then stopped. FIG. 5 shows the positional relationship between the reaction vessel 3 and the water flow control plate 12 when the reaction vessel 3 is stopped. ing. As shown in the figure, the water flow control plate 12 is installed so that the upstream corner of the reaction vessel coincides with the upstream surface of the water flow control plate 12 on the disk outer periphery side of the reaction vessel 3 at a planar position. Yes.

  The reaction vessels 3 are arranged at regular intervals. The water flow control plates 12 are also arranged at regular intervals, and the intervals are equal to the intervals between the reaction vessels 3.

  With such an arrangement, the water flow closer to the bottom of the water flow in the direction of the arrow Q is blocked by the water flow control plate 12 and changes its direction in the direction of the broken arrow Q1.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the water flow in the direction of the arrow Q1 hits the inner peripheral wall surface of the thermostat 10, so that the water flow in the direction of the arrow Q2 as shown in FIG. 6 (B) and FIG. The upward flow. When the upward flow Q2 reaches the upper surface of the constant temperature water, it becomes a flow in the direction of the arrow Q3 as shown in FIG. 6B.

  As a result, in FIG. 6A, the water flow in the space between the reaction vessel 3a and the reaction vessel 3b is agitated by the water flow control plate 12B. Further, the water flow control plate 12C stirs the water flow in the space between the reaction vessel 3b and the reaction vessel 3c, and constant temperature water between the reaction vessels is always replaced, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the reaction vessel is improved. Therefore, for example, the position where the reaction vessel 3b is stopped is the position n (reagent dispensing station) of the thermostatic bath 10, a low-temperature reagent is dispensed into the reaction vessel 3b, and the temperature of the solution inside the reaction vessel 3b is Even if it falls, it can prevent that the influence of the fall reaches the adjacent reaction container 3a and reaction container 3c. As a result, the specimen and reagent solution in the reaction vessels 3a and 3c can advance a predetermined reaction process under a constant temperature condition.

  This is the same even when the position where the reaction vessel 3b is stopped is the position o (stirring station) or the position p (washing station) of the thermostat 10. Even when the temperature of the solution inside the reaction vessel 3b is lowered at the position p (washing station) and the low temperature washing liquid is dispensed into the reaction vessel 3b, the effect of the drop is applied to the adjacent reaction vessel 3a or reaction vessel 3c. Can be prevented. Even when the solution inside the reaction vessel 3b is stirred at the position o (stirring station) and the temperature of the solution inside the reaction vessel 3b changes, the influence of the temperature change is influenced by the adjacent reaction vessel 3a or reaction vessel. 3c can be prevented.

  In particular, as the amount of reaction solution has become smaller in recent years, it has become more susceptible to heat input and output associated with analytical operations, but even in such a case, it can be affected by temperature changes in adjacent reaction vessels. It becomes difficult.

  Although it is sufficient to provide the water flow control plate 12B and the water flow control plate 12C from the viewpoint of preventing the temperature change inside the reaction vessel 3b from reaching the adjacent reaction vessel 3a and the reaction vessel 3c, this embodiment Then, just in case, the upstream water flow control plate 12A and the downstream water flow control plate 12D are further provided.

  In addition, although the angle θ1 of the water flow control plate 12 with respect to the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the constant temperature water has been described as 30 degrees to 60 degrees, for example, if it is smaller or larger than this range, the adjacent reaction vessel During this period, it has been found that sufficient water flow does not occur.

  Next, the influence on the adjacent reaction container by the temperature drop of the reaction container in a chemical analyzer is demonstrated using FIG.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the influence on the adjacent reaction vessel due to the temperature drop of the reaction vessel in the chemical analyzer.

  In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis indicates the measurement time, and the vertical axis indicates the reaction rate and the liquid temperature in the reaction vessel.

  Here, it is assumed that the reaction vessel 3b is cleaned at the position p by the reaction vessel 3b, and the adjacent reaction vessel 3a contains a solution in which the reagent is dispensed and the reaction proceeds.

  Inside the reaction container 3a, at time 0 in FIG. 7, the reagent is dispensed to the specimen, and the reaction is started. When the reaction in the reaction vessel 3a gradually proceeds, the reaction proceeds at a constant rate as indicated by the solid line X in FIG. After a certain time, the reaction rate is saturated.

  Thus, for example, in the case of the rate assay method, the reaction vessel 3a is transferred to the absorbance measurement station 8 at time t1, and the first reaction rate is measured. Thereafter, the reaction vessel 3a is rotated by the reaction disk 5, and at time t2, the reaction vessel 3a is transferred to the absorbance measurement station 8 to measure the second reaction rate. And the change of the reaction rate between the difference (t2-t1) of the measurement time of the 1st time and the 2nd time is calculated | required.

  In such a case, while the reagent is dispensed into the reaction container 3a and the reaction proceeds, the reaction container 3b may be transferred to the position p and the reaction container 3b may be washed at time t0. . The cleaning liquid is lower than the temperature of the constant temperature water. Therefore, at time t0, when the cleaning liquid is injected into the reaction vessel 3b and the water flow control plate 12 described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 is not provided, the temperature of the solution inside the reaction vessel 3a is as shown in FIG. As indicated by the alternate long and short dash line Z, the voltage drops.

  The change in the reaction rate in that case is shown by a broken line Y in FIG. That is, as indicated by the broken line Y, when the cleaning liquid is injected into the reaction vessel 3b at time t0 and the temperature of the solution inside the reaction vessel 3a decreases, the progress of the reaction changes, and then the reaction proceeds as usual. Will go on. In such a case, if the reaction rate is calculated at the time t1 and the time t2 and the change in the reaction rate is measured, an error is generated unlike the case of measuring with respect to the solid line X.

  Factors that change the temperature of the solution in the adjacent reaction vessel include 1) reagent dispensing at position n, 2) stirring at position o, and 3) washing at position p. Among them, the temperature is most easily changed in the cleaning process at the position p. In the washing step, about 100 μL of washing solution is injected into the reaction vessel. When the temperature of the constant temperature water is 37 ° C., for example, the temperature of the cleaning liquid is room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.). The second most likely temperature change is reagent dispensing at position n. This is because the amount of reagent dispensed is, for example, 30 μL, which is small compared to the cleaning liquid, and the temperature is kept low (for example, 12 ° C.). Further, even in the stirring at the position o, the reaction in the reaction vessel proceeds, so that the temperature changes.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as described with reference to FIG. 4, the water flow control plates 12 are provided at the position n (reagent dispensing station), the position o (stirring station), and the position p (washing station) of the thermostat 10. I am doing so. Thus, by providing the water flow control plate 12, it is possible to form a water flow between the adjacent reaction vessels, and to prevent the temperature change inside the reaction vessel from affecting the inside of the adjacent reaction vessel.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the influence of the temperature change of the reaction vessel is adjacent by generating a water flow of constant temperature water between the adjacent reaction vessels in the chemical analyzer to facilitate temperature maintenance. The effect on the reaction vessel can be avoided. As a result, the reaction process of the specimen-reagent solution proceeds at a constant temperature, and errors in the analysis result can be reduced.

  In addition, since only the water flow control plate is provided at the bottom of the thermostatic chamber, the apparatus configuration is simple and the increase in cost can be reduced.

Next, the configuration and operation of a chemical analyzer according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The overall configuration of the chemical analyzer according to the present embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a water flow control plate provided in a thermostatic chamber of a chemical analyzer according to another embodiment of the present invention. 1 to 6 indicate the same parts.

  As shown in the figure, a water flow restricting plate 12 is provided on the entire bottom of the thermostat 10 except for the position of the water flow rate restricting section PD, the water supply port 10i and the drain port 10o. Yes.

  As a result, the heat exchange efficiency of the reaction vessel can be improved in all steps of the analytical operation, and good temperature stability can be realized.

  As described above, according to this embodiment as well, by generating a water flow of constant temperature water between adjacent reaction vessels in a chemical analyzer and facilitating temperature maintenance, the influence of the temperature change of the reaction vessel is adjacent to the reaction vessel. The effect on the container can be avoided. As a result, the reaction process of the specimen-reagent solution proceeds at a constant temperature, and errors in the analysis result can be reduced.

In addition, since only the water flow control plate is provided at the bottom of the thermostatic chamber, the apparatus configuration is simple and the increase in cost can be reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sample disk 2 ... Reagent disk 2A ... Reagent container 3 ... Reaction container 4 ... Sample dispensing apparatus 5 ... Reaction disk 6 ... Reagent dispensing apparatus 7 ... Stirring station 8 ... Absorbance measuring station 9 ... Washing apparatus 10 ... Constant temperature bath 10i ... Water supply port 10o ... Drain port 12 ... Water flow control plate

Claims (8)

A reaction disk in which a plurality of reaction containers containing reagents and specimens are arranged on the circumference;
A constant temperature bath that fills with constant temperature water for adjusting the temperature of the reaction liquid stored in the reaction vessel and forms an annular flow path; and
Drive means for rotationally driving the reaction disk in the thermostat;
A convex member is provided on the bottom surface of the thermostat to generate a thermostatic water flow between adjacent reaction vessels on the reaction disk by blocking the flow of the thermostatic water in the annular flow path. Chemical analysis equipment. The chemical analyzer according to claim 1,
The convex member is a plate-like body, the chemical analysis apparatus characterized by being placed perpendicular to the bottom of the thermostatic chamber. The chemical analyzer according to claim 1,
  The said convex-shaped member is a plate-shaped object, and is arrange | positioned diagonally with respect to the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of constant temperature water, The chemical analyzer characterized by the above-mentioned. In the chemical analyzer according to claim 2 or 3 ,
The chemical analysis apparatus characterized in that the reaction vessels are arranged at regular intervals, and the convex members are arranged at regular intervals equal to the intervals between the reaction vessels. The chemical analyzer according to claim 4 , wherein
The convex member is composed of two plates,
The first plate material forms a water flow on the front side in the flow direction of the constant temperature water with respect to the reaction vessel, and the second plate material flows on the rear surface side in the flow direction of the constant temperature water with respect to the reaction vessel. A chemical analysis apparatus characterized by forming The chemical analyzer according to claim 5 , wherein
The chemical analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the first plate member is installed such that an upstream surface thereof coincides with an upstream corner of the reaction vessel on a disk outer peripheral side of the reaction vessel. The chemical analyzer according to claim 1,
The convex member is at least the dispense sample into the reaction vessel position, the chemical analysis apparatus is characterized in that is provided at a position for cleaning the interior 及 beauty the reaction vessel. The chemical analyzer according to claim 3, wherein
  The said convex-shaped member is a plate-shaped body, and is comprised so that the angle of 30 to 60 degree | times may be comprised with respect to the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of constant temperature water.

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