JP5175906B2 - 非水電解質二次電池及び電池パック - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池及び電池パック Download PDFInfo
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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Description
第1の実施形態に係る非水電解質二次電池は、外装部材と、外装部材内に収容される非水電解液と、外装部材内に収容される正極と、外装部材内に収容される負極とを備える。非水電解液は、下記式1で表されるスルホン系化合物を50体積%以上95体積%以下含む非水溶媒と、前記非水溶媒に溶解されたリチウム塩とを含む。
但し、0≦x≦1、0≦y+z≦0.15、MはMg、Al、Ti、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Nb、Sn、Zr及びTaよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素である。
正極は、正極活物質を含有し、他に炭素等の電子導電性を有する物質や、結着剤を含むことができる。正極活物質と導電材に結着剤を加え、これらを混練・圧延によりシート化したものを正極として使用することができる。あるいは、正極活物質と導電材と結着剤を含む混合物を、トルエン、N−メチルピロリドン(NMP)等の溶媒に溶解又は懸濁させてスラリーを調製した後、スラリーを集電体上に塗布、乾燥、プレスしてシート化することにより、集電体に正極活物質層を形成し、これを正極として使用することも可能である。
負極は、負極活物質を含有し、他に導電材や結着剤等を含有していても良い。負極の形態は、ペレット状、薄板状もしくはシート状にすることができる。
非水電解液は、式1で表されるスルホン系化合物を50体積%以上95体積%以下含む非水溶媒と、非水溶媒に溶解されたリチウム塩とを含む。
外装部材の例には、金属や樹脂製の缶、ラミネート製外装部材が含まれる。金属缶の例には、アルミニウム、鉄、ステンレス等の角型の容器を挙げることができる。また、プラスチック、セラミック等の角型容器を外装部材として用いることもできる。ラミネート外装部材の例には、アルミニウムや銅、ステンレスなどの金属層に樹脂層を合わせたラミネート材を熱融着により袋状にしたものを挙げることができる。ラミネート外装部材は、その内部にガスが発生した時、それを電池外観の変化として検出可能であるため、望ましい。
第2の実施形態に係る電池パックは、第1の実施形態の非水電解質二次電池(単電池)を1個または複数有する。複数の単電池を備える場合、各単電池は電気的に直列もしくは並列に接続されている。
正極活物質としてLiMn1.5Ni0.5O4粉末90重量%、アセチレンブラック2重量%、グラファイト5重量%、バインダーとしてポリフッ化ビニリデン5重量%をN−メチルピロリドンを溶媒として混練することによりスラリーを調製した。得られたスラリーを正極集電体としての厚さ15μmのアルミニウム箔の両面に塗布した。その際、正極集電体の短辺方向の片側末端から5mm部分にスラリーを塗布せず、未塗布部分を設けた。ひきつづき、スラリーを塗布した集電体を乾燥、圧延して幅69mm、長さ93mmの正極シートを作製した。正極シートの未塗布部分の3箇所に幅5mm厚さ0.1mmのアルミニウムリボンを溶接して正極タブを形成した。
PCの代わりにジエチルカーボネート(略称DEC)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
EIPSの代わりに、イソプロピルメチルスルホン(略称IPMS)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
EIPS:PCの混合体積比を95:5とし、非水溶媒中のスルホン系化合物の量を95体積%にすること以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
EIPSとプロパンスルトン(略称PS)とPCを体積比90:5:5で混合し、非水溶媒中のスルホン系化合物の量を90体積%とし、スルホン系化合物とスルトン系化合物の合計量を95体積%にした他は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
エチレンカーボネート(略称EC)とジエチルカーボネート(略称DEC)を体積比1:2で混合したものに、1MのLiPF6を溶解した非水電解液を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
EIPSのみに1MのLiBF4を溶解した非水電解液を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
ジメチルスルホン(式1のR1、R2がいずれもメチル基、略称DES、常温固体)とPCを体積比1:1で60℃ホットプレート上で混合した。これに、1MのLiBF4を溶解したが、室温まで温度低下すると白色固体が析出し、液層と析出固体に分離してしまい非水電解液として使用できなかった。このため評価不可能であった。
Claims (7)
- 外装部材と、
前記外装部材内に収容され、下記式1で表されるスルホン系化合物を50体積%以上95体積%以下含む非水溶媒と、前記非水溶媒に溶解されたリチウム塩とを含む非水電解液と、
前記外装部材内に収容され、Li1−xMn1.5−yNi0.5−zMy+zO4(0≦x≦1、0≦y+z≦0.15、MはMg、Al、Ti、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Nb、Sn、Zr及びTaよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素)で表される複合酸化物を含む正極と、
前記外装部材内に収容され、リチウム金属電位に対して1V以上でリチウムを吸蔵放出可能な負極活物質を含む負極と
を備えることを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記負極活物質がTiを含有する酸化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記非水溶媒がスルトン系化合物をさらに含有し、前記スルホン系化合物と前記スルトン系化合物の合計量が前記非水溶媒の80体積%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記非水溶媒は、環状カーボネートをさらに含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3いずれか1項記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記リチウム塩が、LiPF6及び/またはLiBF4を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4いずれか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 少なくとも1度以上充電が施された後、前記外装部材内のガスを除去する処理が施されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1〜5いずれか1項記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 請求項1〜6いずれか1項記載の非水電解質二次電池を備えることを特徴とする電池パック。
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