JP5140390B2 - Elevator control system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator control system, and more particularly to an elevator control system with improved maintenance operation in a high-lift elevator in a skyscraper.

  In conventional elevator maintenance operation, an operator operates a controller at hand to raise and lower the car. The driving speed in the maintenance operation is a constant speed as low as about 15 to 30 m / min, which is very low compared to the rated speed in the normal operation. There is a feature that can be stopped at any place. Hereinafter, the drive speed in the maintenance operation is referred to as a low speed operation speed.

  On the other hand, although it is not maintenance operation, in the elevator apparatus described in Patent Document 1 and the elevator terminal floor forced reduction apparatus described in Patent Document 2, the speed is near the terminal floor (the uppermost floor or the lowermost floor) in normal operation. Has been disclosed, and a car is forcibly decelerated when the speed is higher than a preset speed.

  Further, in the elevator control device described in Patent Document 3, with respect to the adjustment of the floor height value (the floor level value of each floor as viewed from the reference floor), the floor height value in the upward direction and the downward direction is corrected during normal operation and stored. A method of saving is disclosed.

JP 2001-354372 A JP 2007-137554 A JP-A-5-246636

In a conventional elevator, a limit switch is provided as a safety device for restricting the lowering of the car further below the lowermost floor. When this limit switch operates, the drive motor is given a command of zero speed and the electromagnetic brake is activated. This is the same not only in normal operation but also in maintenance operation, and the traveling speed command of the car changes to zero speed stepwise, and the car stops. In a high lift elevator, the rope length is extremely long, so the spring coefficient of the rope is low, and the car vibration is likely to occur due to this speed change. That is, the spring coefficient K [N / m] is
K = K0 * (x / h) ... (1)
(Here, K0 is the unit spring coefficient per one, x is the number of ropes, and h is the rope length.)
The spring coefficient decreases in inverse proportion to the rope length h. For this reason, for example, in an elevator in which the hoistway length exceeds 400 m, the car is damped with a peak value of several tens to several tens of mm after the limit switch is operated. Stop. As a result, there is a risk of operating the final limit switch positioned lower than the limit switch. This final limit switch is a safety device that assumes the case where a serious failure occurs during normal operation and the landing position is greatly exceeded. For this reason, when this is operated, the power supply to the main circuit of the power conversion device that supplies power to the hoisting machine is cut off, and it is set to prohibit restarting and returning by automatic operation. Yes. On the other hand, in order to suppress the amplitude of the damped vibration, it is only necessary to operate at a lower driving speed. However, in a high-lift elevator, there is an adverse effect that the time for moving for maintenance increases.

  In Patent Documents 1 and 2, during normal operation, the speed is suppressed when the actual car speed exceeds the range of speed errors assumed in advance with respect to the operation pattern of stopping at the landing position. However, this forced deceleration operation assumes the case of excessive speed during deceleration in normal operation, and is intended to stop the car at the landing level on the top or bottom floor by increasing the deceleration. Therefore, it is not intended for maintenance operation assuming low-speed operation.

  In Patent Document 3, since the floor height values in both the ascending direction and the descending direction are stored in the storage device, the capacity increases and the reading method may be complicated. Further, a high lift elevator takes a lot of time by reciprocating.

  The objective of this invention is providing the control system of the elevator which stops reliably even if the stop operation in the lower floor vicinity is mistaken regarding the maintenance driving | operation with a high lift elevator.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle includes a car that moves up and down the hoistway, a hoist that drives the car to move up and down, and a control device that controls the hoist. Based on a low speed command for low maintenance, at a first point where the car has traveled a predetermined distance over the regular landing position on the bottom floor, under the condition that the car is descending toward the bottom floor, In the elevator control system for reducing the speed command to zero and applying a mechanical brake to the hoisting machine, the speed of the elevator at the first point when the speed command is reduced to zero is suppressed to a predetermined value or less. A speed control means is provided.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the speed suppression means includes speed command reduction means for reducing the speed command to be lower than the speed command for maintenance from before the first point.

  In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the speed command reducing means starts the speed command from a point before the first point to a speed command value lower than the speed command for the previous maintenance operation. Reduce in steps.

  In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the speed command reducing means gradually decreases the speed command from the previous point toward a predetermined speed or less from the previous speed command for maintenance. To reduce.

  According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the operation of the final limit switch due to the damped vibration of the car due to the stepwise speed command change during the maintenance operation in the elevator with a high head.

  Other objects and features of the present invention will be clarified in the embodiments described below.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an elevator control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a hoisting machine 2 including a drive motor for raising and lowering the car 1 and a control device 3 for controlling the hoisting machine 2 are provided. Usually, the speed control of the drive motor is performed while comparing the elevator speed command with the output of the rotary encoder 21 that detects the rotational speed of the hoisting machine 2.

  As a safety device at the elevator terminal floor, there are provided a limit switch 4 for giving a stop command for restricting the lowering of the car 1 and a final limit switch 5 provided further below the limit switch 4.

  For maintenance operation, the car 1 is provided with a connector to which the controller 6 can be attached and detached. If the maintenance staff connects the controller 6 to the connector during the maintenance operation, the controller 1 can communicate with the control device 3, and the car 1 can be moved up and down at low speed only while the controller 6 is moving up or down.

  In the hoistway, there are arranged shielding plates 71-7n on each floor that serve as a reference for correcting the position of the car when the car 1 moves up and down. A position detector 8 facing 7n detects the position of the car 1.

  A governor 9 for detecting an abnormal overspeed of the car 1 is directly connected to the car 1 by a governor rope 10 and driven. As a result, the abnormal overspeed at the first stage of the car 1 is transmitted to the control device 3 to be braked, and the car 1 is stopped by a wedge (wedge) with the guide rail at the time of the abnormal overspeed at the last stage. It is configured to let you.

  Now, in the maintenance operation of the elevator, the operator operates the controller 6 at hand to raise and lower the car, and the driving speed is about 15 m / min to 30 m / min, which is extremely low with respect to the rated speed in normal operation. Operate at the maintenance operation speed (slow operation speed). Further, as described above, the maintenance operation by the controller 6 is driven by an operation of simply selecting the ascending operation / descending operation at a constant speed or the stop state, and the speed command value given to the control device 3 is It changes step by step according to the operation.

  The limit switch 4 operates when the car 1 has exceeded a predetermined distance from the landing position on the final floor (the top floor and the bottom floor), gives a zero speed command as an elevator speed command, and activates the brake. It is a safety device that prevents further rising or lowering. The final limit switch 5 is a safety device that is provided further on the end side of the hoistway than the limit switch 4 and that operates when the car 1 goes too far for a predetermined distance. It is provided assuming that the position is greatly exceeded. When this final limit switch 5 is operated, the power supply to the main circuit of the power conversion device that supplies power to the hoisting machine is cut off, and it is set to prohibit the restart from the automatic operation. In the case of normal operation, processing such as reporting to a management center or the like is taken.

  FIG. 2 is an example of the speed command and the car displacement when the lowest floor is exceeded during normal maintenance operation. In the maintenance operation, the controller 6 is operated in accordance with a descending operation command from the controller 6 according to a constant speed, for example, a low speed command Vp such as 30 m / min. Here, when the descending operation command is continued beyond the landing position, the limit switch 4 is operated when the car 1 has exceeded a predetermined distance. In this case, the speed command Vp changes stepwise to zero, and the brake is activated and the elevator stops. At this time, in the elevator with a high head, the car 1 stops while being damped and oscillated in the vertical direction with the maximum amplitude x1, as shown in the time transition of the car position Cp with the step change of the speed command Vp. It will be. This is because in a high-lift elevator, the spring coefficient of the rope becomes small as described in the equation (1). In an elevator with a hoistway length exceeding 200 m, the effect begins to appear. In some cases, the maximum amplitude of the damped vibration may reach hundreds of tens of millimeters. As a result, there is a possibility that the final limit switch 5 may be operated, and it becomes impossible to restart and return by automatic operation, which may extend the maintenance time. As a countermeasure, a method of lowering the maintenance operation speed, for example, 15 m / min may be considered. However, the operation time for raising and lowering the high head during maintenance is extremely long, and the burden on the maintenance staff increases. .

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, the speed command is changed when the overshoot reaches a predetermined distance only when the vehicle descends toward the lowest floor in the maintenance operation.

  FIG. 3 is a processing flow diagram of speed command determination in the first embodiment of the present invention. In step 31, it is determined whether or not there is an operation command in the downward direction. When there is no operation command in the descending direction, that is, in the ascending operation or the stop state, a normal maintenance operation (constant speed ascending operation or stop) command is given at step 32. On the other hand, if the operation command is in the downward direction, it is determined in step 33 whether or not the position of the car 1 as viewed from the limit switch 4 is higher than the predetermined position ho (near). . If the car 1 is in front of the set position ho, a normal maintenance operation speed command (constant speed 30 m / min) is given in step 34. If the car 1 has gone past the set position ho, in step 35, a speed command for maintenance operation lower than usual (for example, 15 m / min) is given as a speed command.

  FIG. 4 is a first example of the maintenance operation speed command for the lowest floor in the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In the first example of FIG. 4, when the position of the car 1 goes too far from the set position ho, the speed command value controlled at a constant speed (30 m / min) is changed to a speed command for maintenance operation lower than normal (for example, 15 m / min).

  As described above, when the normal maintenance operation is performed at a speed of 30 m / min, the speed command value is set to 15 m / min when the descent operation is performed and the position of the car 1 has exceeded the set position ho. Reduce. By this process, the step width of the change of the speed command value when the stop process is performed by the limit switch 4 is reduced to, for example, about half, so that the maximum value x2 of the amplitude at which the car 1 is damped and vibrations is reduced. Can do. As a result, there is an effect that the final limit switch 5 can be prevented from operating without extending the maintenance time.

  FIG. 5 is a second example of the maintenance operation speed command for the lowest floor in the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In the second example of FIG. 5, when the position of the car 1 exceeds the set position ho, the speed command value is reduced according to the position of the car 1. That is, the speed command value Vp is decreased in a ramp shape in proportion to the distance from the limit switch 4 to the car 1. As a result, the maximum amplitude of vibration at the position Cp of the car 1 generated when the speed command value Vp is changed stepwise can be reduced to only x3 as shown in the figure, and the car 1 can be stopped smoothly. . As a result, it is possible to suppress the operation of the final limit switch due to the damped vibration, and to prevent an adverse effect such as an extended maintenance time.

  In this example, the speed command value Vp is decreased in a ramp shape in proportion to the distance of the car 1 from the position of the limit switch 4. However, even if a speed command Vp that decreases with the passage of time is created, the same applies. Thus, it can be realized with a simpler circuit device.

  FIG. 6 is a third example of the maintenance operation speed command for the lowest floor in the first embodiment according to the present invention. In normal elevator operation, when the actual car speed exceeds the presumed speed error range for the driving speed pattern that stops at the landing position on the last floor (top floor and bottom floor). A means for forcibly decelerating the car speed is adopted. The operation speed pattern for forcibly decelerating in this case is called a forced deceleration command, and is used during normal operation deceleration (both ascending and descending).

  In the third example of FIG. 6, only when the maintenance operation is lowered, if the forced deceleration command is smaller than the constant speed command of 30 m / min, the forced deceleration command is given priority as a lower speed command value. Automatically switch to Even in this case, the maximum amplitude of vibration generated when the speed command value is changed stepwise can be reduced to only x4. As a result, the final limit switch 5 can be prevented from operating due to the damped vibration, and adverse effects such as an extended maintenance time can be prevented.

  FIG. 7 is a process flow diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment focuses on the final limit switch 5. Usually, the final limit switch 5 is a safety device provided assuming that the landing position is greatly exceeded due to a serious failure in normal operation. For this reason, when this is operated, the power supply to the main circuit of the power conversion device that supplies power to the hoisting machine is cut off, and it is set to prohibit restarting and returning by automatic operation. Yes.

  In the second embodiment, at the time of descent stop to the lowest floor during the maintenance operation in the high-lift elevator, the final limit switch 5 is operated unfortunately, despite adopting the first embodiment. This is a safety measure in the event of a failure.

  First, when an operation of the final limit switch 5 is detected in step 71, an elevator stop process is performed in step 72 as in a normal elevator. However, the operation of the final limit switch 5 is also assumed to be operated unfortunately in the process of damped vibration that occurs during the stop of the car 1 described in the first embodiment. Therefore, in step 73, the position of the car 1 is measured again after a predetermined time has passed so that the damped vibration converges. In step 74, it is determined whether or not the measured position of the car 1 is below the operating point of the final limit switch 5. Here, if the position of the car 1 is below the operating point of the final limit switch 5, the elevator is completely stopped at step 75. On the other hand, when the position of the car 1 is above the operating point of the final limit switch 5, a process of automatically restarting under the condition that the maintenance operation is being performed is performed at step 76.

  By the processing operation of the second embodiment, it is possible to prevent an adverse effect such as an increase in maintenance time and to perform an efficient maintenance work.

  FIG. 8 is a processing flowchart in the third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment focuses on floor height measurement. The floor height measurement is an operation of recording the floor level value of each floor viewed from the reference floor in a storage device mounted in the control device 3.

  For example, in FIG. 1, by raising the car 1 from a reference floor (for example, the limit switch level on the lowest floor), the number of pulses when the position detector 8 passes through the shielding plate 71-7n is detected. , Keep track of the landing position of each floor as needed. Therefore, the floor height values of the shielding plates 71-7n on all floors up to the top floor are recorded. Normally, the floor height measurement is performed at the time of adjustment before the completion of the building, and the operation speed of the car 1 in this case is performed at a low speed similar to the low speed operation speed of the first embodiment.

  In addition, the floor height measurement is usually performed from the lowest floor to the highest floor. However, since it is necessary to perform re-measurement when there is a detection abnormality or the like, especially in a high-lift elevator, the speed of the car 1 is low, so long-time measurement is inevitable.

  FIG. 9 is an image diagram in the case where the measured value of the floor height value is written in the memory for explaining an abnormal example of the shielding plate check. In FIG. 9, a table corresponding to the number of floors is prepared in advance in the microcomputer. The number of shielding plates 71-7n detected at the time of measuring the floor height is counted, and if it does not match the number of tables, it is determined that there is an abnormality, and the maintenance staff gets out of the machine room, gets on the car, and installs the shielding plates. Must be checked. If the installation mistake is corrected near the top floor, it is of course useful to measure the height from the top floor.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment of FIG. 8, means for efficiently measuring the floor height in a high lift elevator will be described.

  First, at step 81, the position of the car 1 before the floor height measurement is confirmed, and at step 82, it is determined whether or not the position of the car 1 is closer to the lowermost floor than the uppermost floor. When the lower floor is closer, the car 1 is moved to the reference floor of the lowermost floor in step 83, and the floor height is measured while raising the car 1 in step 84.

  FIG. 9 (A) is an example in which the measured value of the floor height value is written in the memory by raising from the lowest floor in the third embodiment. Every time the position detector 8 passes through the shielding plate 71-7n, the storage device stores a count value by interruption or the like.

  Returning to FIG. 8, if it is determined in step 82 that the position of the car 1 is closer to the top floor, the car 1 is moved to the reference floor of the top floor in step 85 and the car is picked up in step 86. Measure the floor height while lowering the car 1.

  FIG. 9B is an example in which the measured value of the floor height value is written in the memory by descending from the top floor in the third embodiment. In this case, the measurement value of the same floor is stored in the opposite direction to that of FIG. 9A so that the measurement value of the same floor is stored at the same address as that of FIG.

  Next, in step 87, the number of shielding plates 71-7n serving as a trigger for measuring the height of the floor is compared with a preset number to determine whether or not there is any abnormality in the measurement. If there is no abnormality, the floor height measurement is terminated. If there is an abnormality, the process returns to step 82 and the process is performed.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an operation example when an error occurs in the floor height measurement in the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the top floor is used as a base point or the bottom floor is used as a base point according to the initial position of the car 1. Thereby, the measurement time can be shortened. Further, for example, when the floor height is measured starting from the lowest floor and an abnormality is detected in step 87, the car 1 is moved again to the lowest floor in the normal floor height measurement. A remeasurement is in progress. However, in the third embodiment, as shown in the operation example in the case where an error occurs in the floor height measurement in the third embodiment of FIG. 10, the floor height is measured starting from the lowest floor and step 87 is performed. If an abnormality is detected at, re-measurement is carried out starting from the top floor. Thereby, especially in a high lift elevator, there is an effect that the measurement time can be shortened.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 is a schematic diagram of an elevator control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of the speed command and the cage displacement when the lowest floor is exceeded during normal maintenance operation. It is a processing flow figure of speed command determination in the 1st example of the present invention. It is a 1st example of the maintenance operation speed command for the lowest floor by the 1st example of the present invention. It is a 2nd example of the maintenance operation speed instruction | command for the lowest floors by the 1st Example of this invention. It is a 3rd example of the maintenance operation speed instruction | command for the lowest floors by the 1st Example of this invention. It is a processing flow figure of the 2nd example of the present invention. It is a processing flow figure in the 3rd example of the present invention. It is an image figure at the time of writing the measured value of the floor height value for demonstrating the abnormal example of the shielding board check in the 3rd Example of this invention to memory. It is explanatory drawing of the example of an operation | movement when an error arises in the floor height measurement in the 3rd Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Car, 2 ... Hoisting machine, 21 ... Rotary encoder, 3 ... Control apparatus, 4 ... Limit switch, 5 ... Final limit switch, 6 ... Emergency operation controller, 71-7n ... Shielding board, 8 ... Position detection 9 ... Governor, 10 ... Governor rope.

Claims (8)

The vehicle includes a car that moves up and down the hoistway, a hoist that drives the car to move up and down, and a control device that controls the hoist. The car is operated at a low speed for maintenance that is lower than a normal maximum driving speed for riding. At a first point where the car has traveled a predetermined distance over the regular landing position on the lowest floor under the condition that the car is descending toward the lowest floor, a zero speed is given as the speed of the car , and In the elevator control system for applying a mechanical brake to the hoisting machine,
When the car has passed a set position higher than the first point, speed suppressing means for suppressing the speed for the car maintenance operation to a speed lower than the low speed operation speed for maintenance;
A final limit switch for emergency stop of the elevator system at a point where the car during passenger operation has exceeded the regular landing position of the lowest floor over a predetermined distance,
Means for measuring the position of the car after elapse of a predetermined time when the final limit switch is operated during the low-speed operation for maintenance;
Restarting means for automatically restarting the low-speed operation for maintenance when the measured position of the car is located above the operating point of the final limit switch; Elevator control system. 2. The means according to claim 1 , wherein the speed suppressing means reduces the speed command from a point before the first point to a speed command value lower than the speed command for the maintenance operation so far. An elevator control system characterized by being. 3. The speed control unit according to claim 1 , wherein the speed suppression means reduces the speed command from a point before the first point so as to gradually decrease from the previous speed command for maintenance toward a predetermined speed or less. elevator control system, characterized in that the means for Ru is. According to claim 3, wherein the speed reduction means, from the point in front of the first point, the speed command from the speed command for maintenance until then, Ru reduces to gradually decrease as time passes An elevator control system characterized by being a means. 5. The speed according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising a forced deceleration command generating means for the terminal floor at the time of descending deceleration used during the riding operation, wherein the speed command based on the lower priority of the speed command for the maintenance operation and the forced deceleration command is provided. An elevator control system configured to perform speed control according to a command. In any one of claims 1 to 5, elevator control system, wherein the length of the hoistway, is high-lift more than 200 meters. In any one of claims 1 to 6, at floor height measurement operation, a position detection means for confirming the position of the car, if the current position of the car is closer to the lowest floor than the top floor, the ride Move the car to the bottom floor and then move it up to the top floor. If the current position of the car is closer to the top floor than the bottom floor, move the car to the top floor and An elevator control system, comprising: a floor height measurement operation command means for lowering operation to the floor. The abnormality detection means for detecting an abnormality related to the measurement of the floor height after the floor height measurement is performed from one terminal floor of the top floor or the bottom floor to the other terminal floor according to claim 7 , and the abnormality detection means An elevator control system comprising remeasurement command means for instructing a second floor height measurement operation from the other terminal floor to the one terminal floor when an abnormality relating to floor height measurement is detected.

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