JP5030006B2 - Motor equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor device suitable for use as a power source for traveling vehicles, industrial machines, and the like.

  Electric motors widely used as power devices for traveling vehicles, industrial machines, and the like are designed to drive various devices by outputting rotation of a rotating shaft fixed to a rotor directly or via a speed reducer. . In recent years, hybrid automobiles in which an electric motor is combined with an internal combustion engine have also become widespread.

  In general, the electric motor has a problem that the shape becomes large if a large torque is to be obtained, and that a large motor for a large torque is used with a small torque, resulting in a large energy loss and being uneconomical.

  On the other hand, as an apparatus using two motors as power sources, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a drive motor in which a stepping motor and an auxiliary motor are connected has been proposed. This drive motor is configured to drive both motors when the torques of the stepping motor and the auxiliary motor have a predetermined relationship.

  Patent Document 2 proposes an electric vehicle in which an auxiliary motor is provided in addition to the driving motor, and the elastic force of the mainspring spring is used as an energy storage mechanism by the auxiliary motor. Further, Patent Document 3 proposes an electric sewing machine provided with a clutch motor for high speed rotation and an auxiliary motor for low speed rotation.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-146696 JP 2010-100200 A JP 7-308479 A

  However, conventional devices, including those described in the above-mentioned patent documents, use a main motor and an auxiliary motor, and are relatively small in size, but can obtain a large torque as needed, and an energy efficient motor device. Is not described at all, and there is no literature including a description suggesting such a device. Therefore, the present invention can use a relatively small motor in a power device using an electric motor as a power source, and can obtain a large torque as required, and consumes less power and the like. An object is to provide a motor device that can be used.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following configuration. In other words, the motor device according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a main motor having a rotor fixed to a rotating shaft, an auxiliary motor having a rotor supported to be rotatable relative to the rotating shaft, and both of these. A clutch device that can connect and separate the rotation of the rotor of the motor is provided. When both motors are connected, both motors rotate together, and when both motors are separated, the main motor torque Is transmitted to the rotating shaft, and the auxiliary motor is always rotating .

  As described in claim 2, the clutch device is preferably an electromagnetic clutch that connects the rotor of the auxiliary motor and the rotor of the main motor by electromagnetic force. Furthermore, as described in claim 3, it is preferable that the clutch device is configured to be automatically connected when a load applied to the rotating shaft becomes larger than a predetermined value.

  The motor device of the present invention includes a main motor and an auxiliary motor, and the rotor of the main motor is fixed to a rotating shaft that is an output shaft, and the rotor of the auxiliary motor is rotatable relative to the rotating shaft. By separating the rotor, it is possible to output the rotational force only by the rotation of the main motor, and by operating the clutch device to connect the rotational force of the auxiliary motor to the rotational force of the main motor, The rotational force of the auxiliary motor can be added to the rotational force and output from the rotating shaft. When the load is low, only the output of the main motor is used, and when the load is high, the output of the auxiliary motor is added. Output can be increased. For this reason, the size of the main motor can be reduced by the output of the auxiliary motor, and a compact device can be obtained. In addition, when the load is small, the power consumption can be reduced by idling or stopping the auxiliary motor.

  Further, various known clutches such as a mechanical clutch and an electric clutch can be used as the clutch device. As described in claim 2, the rotary drum that supports an auxiliary motor is used as the clutch device. And an electromagnetic clutch composed of an electromagnet fixed to the main motor side and rotating close to the inner periphery of the rotating drum is preferable because it is easy to control and generates less heat and noise due to friction. . Furthermore, as described in claim 3, if the clutch device is configured to be automatically connected when the load applied to the rotating shaft becomes larger than a predetermined value, it is practically smooth. This is preferable because it can be controlled.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a motor device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating a main part of the main motor. FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating a main part of the clutch device. FIG. 4 is a front view illustrating a main part of the auxiliary motor. FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a clutch device switching method. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another clutch switching method. FIG. 7 is a block diagram when used for a traveling vehicle. FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the traveling control of the traveling vehicle. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment different from the above.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a motor device according to the present invention. The motor device 1 is provided with a rotating shaft 3 at the center of a casing 2 and is rotatably supported by a bearing. A main motor (first motor) 4 and an auxiliary motor (second motor) 5 are provided side by side along the rotating shaft 3. The casing 2 includes a first case 2a, a second case 2b, and a third case 2c.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 8 of the main motor 4 includes a plurality (three in the illustrated example) of electromagnets, and is fixed to the rotary shaft 3 by means such as crimping. The stator 9 divided into two pieces (two pieces in the illustrated example) is fixed to the inside of the second case 2b. In FIG. 2, 8a is an iron core, and 8b is a winding. A disc 10 that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 3 is provided on the right end surface portion of the rotor 8 of the main motor 4, and a clutch electromagnet 11 is fixed thereto.

  The auxiliary motor support case 12 is fixed to the third case 2c with a bolt, and the cylindrical portion 13a of the rotary drum 13 is rotatably fitted to the cylindrical portion 12a via the bearing metal 14. The front end portion of the rotating drum 13 is a cup-shaped enlarged diameter portion 13b. As shown in FIG. 3, the clutch electromagnet 11 is adjacent to the inner peripheral portion of the enlarged diameter portion 13b with a slight gap. In FIG. 3, 11a is an iron core and 11b is a winding. The enlarged diameter portion 13b and the electromagnet 11 for clutch constitute an electromagnetic clutch device (hereinafter also abbreviated as “clutch”) K that connects and separates the rotational force of the auxiliary motor to and from the main motor. If the electromagnet 11 is energized, the rotating drum that holds the auxiliary motor 5 made of a magnetic material (for example, iron) rotates with the auxiliary motor 5 by the attractive force.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a rotor 15 of the auxiliary motor 5 is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 13 a of the rotating drum 13. The auxiliary motor rotor 15 includes a plurality (three in the illustrated example) of electromagnets, and a stator 16 divided into a plurality (two in the illustrated example) is disposed on the outer surface side of the auxiliary motor support case 12. It is arranged in a fixed state. In FIG. 4, 15a is an iron core, and 15b is a winding.

  In FIG. 1, 20 is a rotating drum stopper, 21 is a ring-shaped connection terminal, 22 is a metal fitting for energization, and 23 is a brush that is in sliding contact with the connection terminal 21. Further, 24 and 25 are terminals connected to the clutch solenoid 11, respectively, and 26 is a current-carrying metal fitting 27 that is in contact with these terminals and energizes. Further, 30 is a terminal for an auxiliary motor, and 31 is a metal fitting for energization thereof.

  This motor device 1 is used by energizing a main motor 4 as a first motor and an auxiliary motor 5 as a second motor. Under use conditions with a small load, the clutch K is not in a connected state, and the main motor 4 and the auxiliary motor 5 are independently rotated. In this case, the rotational force of the main motor 4 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 3 to rotate the device attached to the rotary shaft. At this time, the auxiliary motor 5 is idle.

  When the load of the main motor 4 increases to a predetermined magnitude, the clutch K is switched to the connected state, and the auxiliary motor and the main motor are connected. This switching is performed by energizing the clutch electromagnet 11. Thereby, since the rotational force of the auxiliary motor 5 is added to the rotational force of the main motor 4, a large rotational force is applied to the rotating shaft 3, and the rotational force required for the load is obtained. In order to enhance the effect of increasing the rotational force, the auxiliary motor 5 before connection has a higher rotational speed than the main motor 4, and is rotated at a high speed, for example, several times faster. If the load decreases, the clutch K may be disengaged again and the auxiliary motor 5 may be stopped (energization cut off) or made idle.

  The clutch K may be switched manually, but it is convenient to provide a sensor for detecting the load and automatically switch it according to the detection result of the sensor.

  FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of this method. In this example, a photosensor is employed as the sensor S, and the rotational speed of the mark M attached to the rotary shaft 3 is detected. When the load increases, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 3 decreases. This is detected by the sensor S. When the rotational speed becomes a predetermined value or less, the clutch K is automatically switched to the engaged state, and the auxiliary motor 5 is turned on. Connected to the motor 4. When the load is reduced, energization of the auxiliary motor may be stopped, or the clutch K may be switched to the disengaged state to make the auxiliary motor 5 idle.

  FIG. 6 shows an example different from the above. In this example, the load of the driven device is suitable for use in a device that can be switched between large and small. It is configured so that it can be switched to load / low load. For example, switching between a high load and a low load is necessary when two sets of devices are driven simultaneously by one motor device or by selecting one of them. In this example, the load switching means C and the clutch K are connected, and the clutch K is automatically switched corresponding to the switching of the load switching means C. That is, when the load switching means C is operated to make a high load, the clutch K is in a connected state, and when the load is low, the clutch K is in a disconnected state.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows an example in which the motor device of the present invention is used for a traveling vehicle. In this example, a clutch K and a sensor (in this example, a speed sensor) S for detecting the magnitude of a load are connected to the CPU. The clutch K is automatically controlled to be switched by the CPU in accordance with the magnitude of the load. The control of the traveling vehicle is as illustrated in FIG. First, when starting the traveling vehicle, the operator starts the main motor 4 and increases the output (increases the energization amount) by operating the switch. The auxiliary motor 5 may be stopped or may be idle.

  When the vehicle reaches a predetermined traveling speed, the vehicle travels stably at that speed. During this stable running, for example, when an uphill is reached, the load increases. When the amount of increase in the load reaches a predetermined value, the clutch K is connected according to a command from the CPU, and the auxiliary motor 5 is connected to the main motor. 4 automatically connected. When the auxiliary motor 5 is in the energization stopped state before the load is increased, the auxiliary motor 5 is energized to rotate at a higher speed than the main motor 4 and the clutch K is connected.

  By this operation, traveling is maintained at a predetermined speed. However, when the load decreases to a predetermined value (traveling speed increases), for example, when a downhill is reached, the clutch K is disengaged and the main operation is reversed. Traveling is performed only by the output of the motor 4. In this way, the main motor 4 and the auxiliary motor 5 are automatically connected and disconnected, and stable and smooth running is maintained.

  The clutch K is a non-contact type clutch, but may be a contact type. Further, as the clutch K, a mechanical clutch such as a clutch using a frictional force or a clutch engaging and disengaging using a spring and a steel ball can be employed. However, in order to prevent generation of noise and frictional heat, it is preferable to use an electromagnetic clutch. The electromagnetic clutch is relatively easy to control compared to the mechanical clutch. Furthermore, as the sensor for detecting the load, other appropriate sensors other than the sensor for detecting the rotational speed may be adopted.

  The motor device 1 is suitable for use as a power source for various mechanical devices. When the addition is small, the motor device 1 is driven to rotate by the output of the main motor 4 only, and the auxiliary motor 5 is simply idled or stopped. As a result, it consumes less power and is economical compared to the case of using a motor with a high output at all times.

  On the other hand, when the load increases due to use conditions, the auxiliary motor 5 in the idling state is connected to the main motor, and the mechanical device is driven by the output of both motors to obtain a rotational force corresponding to the size of the load. Can do. For this reason, it is not necessary to use an unnecessarily large motor as the main motor, and it is easy to cope with downsizing.

  The auxiliary motor 5 can be reversely rotated, and can be used as a brake for decelerating or stopping the main motor 4 by connecting the clutch K to the main motor 4 while being reversely rotated if necessary. .

  Next, FIG. 9 shows an embodiment slightly different from the above, and this motor device 50 includes a main motor (first motor) 54, an auxiliary motor (second motor) 55, and a clutch K that couples both. It has. In this embodiment, the motor is a brushless motor, and is an outer rotor type motor whose outer side rotates. The main motor 54 and the auxiliary motor 55 include an electromagnet 58 on the stator side and a permanent magnet 59 on the rotor side, and the electromagnet 58 on the stator side is energized through the lead wire 60.

  The electric power supplied to the lead wire is supplied from a circuit (not shown), whereby the permanent magnet side rotates. The stator to which the electromagnet 58 is fixed is fixed to another frame and does not rotate, but the outer casing to which the permanent magnet 59 is fixed is fixed to the casing 64 of the clutch K with the bolt B, and further with the bolt F. Since it is being fixed to the rotating shaft 3, if the casing rotates, the rotating shaft 3 will also rotate.

  On the other hand, the clutch K includes an electromagnet 61 and a steel plate 62. A frame 67 to which the electromagnet 61 is attached is fixed to the casing of the auxiliary motor 55 with a bolt B, and the casing 64 to which the steel plate 62 is attached is the main as described above. The casing of the motor 54 and the bolt B are fixed. The electromagnet 61 is energized via the contact unit 66. Since there is only a slight gap between the electromagnet 61 of the clutch and the steel plate 62, when the electromagnet 61 is energized, they are integrally attached. As a result, the rotational force of the auxiliary motor 55 is added to the rotational force of the main motor 54.

  The steel plate 62 may be a magnetic body that is attracted to the electromagnet 61. As described above, various motors such as a motor with a brush, a brushless motor, an inner rotor type motor, an outer rotor type motor, a three-phase motor, and the like can be used. Further, as the clutch K, a suitable clutch capable of turning on and off the power, such as a mechanical clutch or an electromagnetic clutch, can be used.

  This electric motor device can be suitably used as a power source for traveling vehicles and various industrial machines.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric motor apparatus 2 Casing 3 Rotating shaft 4 Main motor 5 Auxiliary motor 8 Rotor 9 Stator 10 Disk 11 Electromagnet 12 Rotating drum support case 13 Rotating drum K Clutch

Claims (3)

A main motor having a rotor fixed to a rotating shaft, an auxiliary motor having a rotor supported so as to be rotatable relative to the rotating shaft, and a clutch device capable of connecting / separating the rotation of the rotors of both motors. When both motors are connected, both motors rotate together, and when both motors are separated, only the rotational force of the main motor is transmitted to the rotating shaft and the auxiliary motor rotates constantly. The motor apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. The motor device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch device is an electromagnetic clutch that connects the rotor of the auxiliary motor and the rotor of the main motor by electromagnetic force. 3. The motor device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch device is configured to be automatically connected when a load applied to the rotating shaft becomes greater than a predetermined value.

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