JP5000176B2 - Light oil composition - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a light oil composition mainly containing an FT synthetic base material, and more particularly to a light oil composition for winter that can achieve both environmental load reduction, low-temperature performance, and fuel efficiency.

  Generally, gas oil compositions are obtained by hydrorefining or hydrodesulfurizing straight-run gas oil obtained from crude oil atmospheric distillation equipment, or hydrotreating straight-run kerosene obtained from crude oil atmospheric distillation equipment. And one or two or more of those subjected to hydrodesulfurization treatment. In particular, in order to ensure low temperature fluidity in winter, the mixing ratio of the above kerosene base and gas oil base is often controlled, and cetane number improvers, detergents, and low temperature fluidity improvement as necessary. An additive such as an agent is blended (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

  Low sulfur content and low aromatic content are said to lead to suppression of harmful exhaust components such as NOx and PM in engine exhaust gas. From this viewpoint, for example, from natural gas, coal, biomass, sludge, etc. A liquid gas equivalent to naphtha, kerosene, and light oil obtained by producing a mixed gas (sometimes referred to as synthesis gas) mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and applying a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction to the mixed gas. And the hydrocarbon mixture obtained by hydrotreating and hydrocracking them, and the liquid fraction and FT wax produced by the FT reaction, and the carbon obtained by hydrotreating and hydrocracking this. In recent years, an FT synthetic substrate made of a hydrogen mixture has attracted attention as a fuel that contributes to reducing the environmental burden.

  However, since the FT reaction itself has a wax production step, the hydrotreated product also has a relatively high content of linear saturated hydrocarbon (normal paraffin) compounds, especially heavy normal paraffin compounds. In some cases, it has been pointed out that the substance itself may precipitate as wax. In addition, since the FT synthesis base material is a hydrocarbon mixture in which the above-mentioned normal paraffin and the saturated hydrocarbon (isoparaffin) compound having a side chain occupy the most, generally it is poor in oil solubility, and oil-soluble groups (linear alkyl) Additives of the type that dissolve in fuel oils such as light oil, depending largely on the base, etc., may be difficult to dissolve. Among such additives, the use of common cold fluidity improvers (CFI), especially composed of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer mixtures, can occur due to fuel solubility constraints. .

Patent Document 1 mentions a synthetic fuel having a light oil fraction produced only with an FT synthetic base material as an example. However, since it includes the above-mentioned problem of low-temperature startability, it is not possible to select a low-temperature performance improvement method using a low-temperature fluidity improver, and it is an excessively light fuel in which a so-called kerosene fraction is mixed in large quantities. . For this reason, a significant decrease in density, kinematic viscosity, capacity heat generation, etc. is unavoidable, leading to a significant deterioration in fuel consumption, injection pump seizure, cavitation damage and high temperature restartability. I can't deny that.
In other words, it is very difficult to design a high-quality fuel that can simultaneously achieve a high level of requirements required for a light oil composition that simultaneously reduces environmental impact, has excellent practical performance in winter environments, and suppresses fuel consumption deterioration. Yes, there are no examples or knowledge based on the study of realistic production methods that satisfy the various performance requirements for other fuel oils.
JP 2005-529213 A Seiichi Konishi, “Introduction to Fuel Engineering”, Saika Hanafusa, March 1991, p. 136-144

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and the object thereof is related to a light oil composition mainly containing an FT synthetic base material. More specifically, it is possible to achieve both environmental load reduction, low temperature performance, and fuel efficiency. It is to provide a light oil composition for winter that can be achieved.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have completed the present invention. That is, the FT synthetic base is contained in an amount of 60% by volume or more based on the total amount of the light oil composition, the sulfur content is 5 ppm by mass or less, the aromatic content is 10% by volume or less, the oxygen content is 100 ppm or less, and the density is 760 kg / m ³ or more and 840 kg / m ³ or less, distillation property 90% distillation temperature is 280 ° C. or more and 350 ° C. or less, end point is 360 ° C. or less, total insoluble content after accelerated oxidation test is 0.5 mg / 100 mL or less, Normal paraffin containing HFRR wear scar diameter (WS1.4) of 400 μm or less, cloud point of −3 ° C. or less, clogging point of −10 ° C. or less, pour point of −12.5 ° C. or less, and carbon number of 20 to 30 The total content of hydrocarbons other than normal paraffin having a total sum of normal paraffin content of 20 to 30 carbon atoms and 20 to 30 carbon atoms is 4% by mass or more and less than 6% by mass. The value divided by the sum of the amounts is 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less, and the normal paraffin content (CnP) at each carbon number from 20 to 25 carbon atoms is C20P>C21P>C22P>C23P> C24P > C25P and (C24P-C25P) / C24P> (C22P-C23P) / C22P> (C20P-C21P) / C20P are established, and the additive is added according to the following steps 1 and 2. And a light oil composition.
(Step 1) 20 mg / L or more and 300 mg / L or less of a lubricity improver comprising a fatty acid and / or a fatty acid ester as an active ingredient is added to the light oil composition by line blending, forced stirring, or standing still sufficiently. .
(Step 2) 20 mg / L or more and 1000 mg / L or less of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and / or a low-temperature fluidity improver having a surface-active effect as an active ingredient is subjected to line blending, forced stirring, or standing still in a sufficiently static place Add to the light oil composition.

In addition, the light oil composition contains 20 mg / ml of a detergent composed of a polyetheramine compound, a polybutenylamine compound, an alkenyl succinic acid amide compound, an alkenyl succinimide compound, and the like between Step 1 and Step 2 above. It is preferable to include a step of adding L or more and 500 mg / L or less by line blending, forced agitation, or sufficient static standing, and as a solvent for a lubricity improver, a detergent, or a low temperature fluidity improver, the melting point is It is preferable to use an additive that does not contain a chemical substance at 10 ° C. or higher, a peroxide value after accelerated oxidation test is 50 mass ppm or less, and a kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. is from 2.5 mm ² / s to 5.0 mm ² / It is preferable that the cetane index is 45 or more and the water content is 100 ppm by volume or less.

  The intended place of the present invention is as follows. When the wax content itself is significantly reduced by excessively lightening the fuel, adverse effects on the fuel economy and the like become obvious, and the additive dissolves in the oil-soluble fuel produced only with the FT synthetic base material. It may become difficult and the original effect of the additive may not be exhibited. Therefore, the present invention is to develop and propose a quality design method necessary for adding a low temperature fluidity improving effect by an additive such as CFI to a fuel having reduced oil solubility.

  According to the present invention, by using a light oil composition produced by the above production method, fraction regulation, etc., it is difficult to realize with a conventional light oil composition, environmental load reduction, low temperature performance, fuel consumption Can easily provide a light oil composition for winter seasons

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The light oil composition of the present invention needs to contain an FT synthesis base material. The FT synthesis base material is composed of a saturated hydrocarbon compound, and the light oil composition of the present invention can be easily produced by controlling the blending thereof. The properties of the FT synthetic substrate are not particularly limited as long as the properties of the light oil composition of the present invention are satisfied. The base material other than the FT synthetic base material is not particularly limited as long as the properties of the light oil composition of the present invention are satisfied, but in order to fully exhibit the environmental performance, the following highly hydrogenation treatment is performed. It is preferable to blend the petroleum-based base material and the processed oil derived from animals and plants.

  The FT synthesis base material is equivalent to naphtha, kerosene, or light oil obtained by applying a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction to a mixed gas (also referred to as synthesis gas) mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Liquid fraction, and hydrocarbon mixture obtained by hydrotreating and hydrocracking them, and liquid fraction and FT wax are produced by FT reaction, and obtained by hydrotreating and hydrocracking this. It shows the base material which consists of a hydrocarbon mixture.

  The light oil composition of the present invention preferably contains 60% by volume or more of an FT synthetic base material. Further, in order to reduce the frequency of increasing the environmental load such as sulfur and aromatics, 70% by volume or more is more preferable, and 80% by volume or more is more preferable.

The mixed gas used as the raw material of the FT synthesis base material is obtained by oxidizing a carbon-containing substance using oxygen and / or water and / or carbon dioxide as an oxidizing agent, and further using a shift reaction using water as necessary. It is obtained by adjusting to a predetermined hydrogen and carbon monoxide concentration.
Substances containing carbon include natural gas, petroleum liquefied gas, methane gas, etc., gas components consisting of hydrocarbons that are gaseous at room temperature, petroleum asphalt, biomass, coal, waste such as building materials and garbage, sludge, In addition, mixed gas obtained by exposing heavy crude oil, unconventional petroleum resources, etc. that are difficult to process by ordinary methods to high temperatures is common, but mixed gas mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide As long as is obtained, the present invention does not limit the raw materials.

  A Fischer-Tropsch reaction requires a metal catalyst. Preferably, the method uses a group 8 metal of the periodic table, for example, cobalt, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, nickel, iron, etc., more preferably a group 8 group 4 metal as the active catalyst component. Moreover, the metal group which mixed these metals in an appropriate amount can also be used. These active metals are generally used in the form of a catalyst obtained by being supported on a support such as silica, alumina, titania or silica alumina. Further, by using these catalysts in combination with a second metal in addition to the above active metal, the catalyst performance can be improved. Examples of the second metal include zirconium, hafnium, titanium and the like in addition to alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as sodium, lithium and magnesium. It is used appropriately according to the purpose, such as an increase in growth probability (α).

  The Fischer-Tropsch reaction is a synthesis method that generates a liquid fraction and FT wax using a mixed gas as a raw material. In order to efficiently perform this synthesis method, it is generally preferable to control the ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the mixed gas. The molar mixing ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide (hydrogen / carbon monoxide) is preferably 1.2 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more, and even more preferably 1.8 or more. The ratio is preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2.6 or less, and even more preferably 2.2 or less.

  When performing the Fischer-Tropsch reaction using the catalyst, the reaction temperature is preferably 180 ° C. or higher and 320 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 200 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower. When the reaction temperature is less than 180 ° C., carbon monoxide hardly reacts and the hydrocarbon yield tends to be low. On the other hand, when the reaction temperature exceeds 320 ° C., the amount of gas such as methane increases, and the production efficiency of the liquid fraction and FT wax decreases.

No particular restriction on the gas hourly space velocity relative to the catalyst, but preferably 500h ^-1 or more 4000h ^-1 or less, 1000h ^-1 or more 3000h ^-1 or less is more preferable. If the gas space velocity is less than 500 h ⁻¹ , the productivity of the liquid fuel tends to decrease. If the gas space velocity exceeds 4000 h ⁻¹ , the reaction temperature must be increased, and gas generation increases, resulting in a yield of the target product. It will decline.

  The reaction pressure (partial pressure of synthesis gas composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 MPa or more and 7 MPa or less, and more preferably 2 MPa or more and 4 MPa or less. If the reaction pressure is less than 0.5 MPa, the yield of the liquid fuel tends to decrease, and if it exceeds 7 MPa, the amount of capital investment tends to increase, which is uneconomical.

  The FT synthesis substrate can be obtained by hydrorefining or hydrocracking the liquid fraction and FT wax produced by the above FT reaction by any method and adjusting them to the distillation properties, composition, etc. suitable for the purpose. Hydrorefining and hydrocracking may be selected in accordance with the purpose, and selection of only one or a combination of both methods is not limited in any way as long as the light oil composition of the present invention can be produced. .

The catalyst used for hydrorefining is generally a catalyst in which a hydrogenation active metal is supported on a porous carrier, but the present invention does not limit the form of the catalyst as long as the same effect can be obtained.
An inorganic oxide is preferably used as the porous carrier. Specific examples include alumina, titania, zirconia, boria, silica, zeolite, and the like.
Zeolite is a crystalline aluminosilicate, and includes faujasite, pentasil, mordenite, etc., preferably faujasite, beta, mordenite, particularly preferably Y type and beta type. Of these, the Y type is preferably ultra-stabilized.

As the active metal, the following two types (active metal A type and active metal B type) are preferably used.
The active metal A type is at least one metal selected from Group 8 metals of the Periodic Table. Preferably, it is at least one selected from Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd and Pt, and more preferably Pd or / and Pt. The active metal may be a combination of these metals. For example, Pt—Pd, Pt—Rh, Pt—Ru, Ir—Pd, Ir—Rh, Ir—Ru, Pt—Pd—Rh, Pt—Rh— Ru, Ir-Pd-Rh, Ir-Rh-Ru, and the like. When using a noble metal catalyst composed of these metals, it can be used after pre-reduction treatment in a hydrogen stream. In general, when a gas containing hydrogen is circulated and heat of 200 ° C. or higher is applied according to a predetermined procedure, the active metal on the catalyst is reduced, and hydrogenation activity is exhibited.
Further, as the active metal B type, it contains at least one metal selected from Group 6A and Group 8 metals of the periodic table, and preferably contains two or more metals selected from Groups 6A and 8 What you are doing can also be used. For example, Co-Mo, Ni-Mo, Ni-Co-Mo, and Ni-W can be mentioned. When using a metal sulfide catalyst made of these metals, it is necessary to include a preliminary sulfidation step.

  As the metal source, a general inorganic salt or a complex salt compound can be used, and as a supporting method, any method of a supporting method used in an ordinary hydrogenation catalyst such as an impregnation method or an ion exchange method can be used. When a plurality of metals are supported, they may be supported simultaneously using a mixed solution, or may be sequentially supported using a single solution. The metal solution may be an aqueous solution or an organic solvent.

The reaction temperature when hydrotreating using a catalyst composed of an active metal A type is preferably 180 ° C. or higher and 400 ° C. or lower, more preferably 200 ° C. or higher and 370 ° C. or lower, and 250 ° C. or higher and 350 ° C. or lower. More preferably, the temperature is 280 ° C. or lower and even more preferably 280 ° C. or higher and 350 ° C. or lower. If the reaction temperature in hydrorefining exceeds 370 ° C., side reactions that decompose into naphtha fractions increase, and the yield of middle fractions is extremely undesirably reduced. On the other hand, when the reaction temperature is lower than 270 ° C., the alcohol component cannot be completely removed and is not preferable.
The reaction temperature when hydrotreating using a catalyst comprising an active metal B type is preferably 170 ° C. or higher and 320 ° C. or lower, more preferably 175 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower, and 180 ° C. or higher and 280 ° C. More preferably, it is not higher than ° C. If the reaction temperature in the hydrorefining exceeds 320 ° C., side reactions that decompose into naphtha fractions increase, and the yield of middle fractions is extremely undesirably reduced. On the other hand, when the reaction temperature is lower than 170 ° C., the alcohol component cannot be completely removed and is not preferable.

The hydrogen pressure when hydrotreating using a catalyst composed of an active metal A type is preferably 0.5 MPa or more and 12 MPa or less, and more preferably 1.0 MPa or more and 5.0 MPa or less. The higher the hydrogen pressure, the more hydrogenation reaction is promoted, but generally there is an optimal point economically.
The hydrogen pressure when hydrotreating using a catalyst composed of an active metal B type is preferably 2 MPa or more and 10 MPa or less, more preferably 2.5 MPa or more and 8 MPa or less, and 3 MPa or more and 7 MPa or less. More preferably. The higher the hydrogen pressure, the more hydrogenation reaction is promoted, but generally there is an optimal point economically.

The liquid hourly space velocity which hydrorefining is carried out using a catalyst composed of the active metal A type (LHSV) is preferably at 0.1 h ^-1 or more 10.0H ^-1 or less, 0.3h ^-1 or 3 More preferably, it is 5 h ⁻¹ or less. The lower the LHSV, the more advantageous for the reaction. However, if the LHSV is too low, an extremely large reaction tower volume is required, resulting in excessive capital investment, which is not economical.
The liquid hourly space velocity which hydrorefining is carried out using a catalyst composed of the active metal B type (LHSV) is preferably at 0.1 h ^-1 or more ^{2h -1} or less, 0.2 h ^-1 or more 1.5h more preferably ^{1 or} less, and more preferably 0.3h ^-1 or 1.2 h ^-1. The lower the LHSV, the more advantageous for the reaction. However, if the LHSV is too low, an extremely large reaction tower volume is required, resulting in excessive capital investment, which is not economical.

The hydrogen / oil ratio is preferably 50 NL / L or more and 1000 NL / L or less, more preferably 70 NL / L or more and 800 NL / L or less when hydrotreating using a catalyst composed of an active metal A type. preferable. The higher the hydrogen / oil ratio, the more hydrogenation reaction is promoted, but generally there is an optimal point economically.
The hydrogen / oil ratio when hydrotreating using a catalyst composed of an active metal B type is preferably 100 NL / L or more and 800 NL / L or less, more preferably 120 NL / L or more and 600 NL / L or less. Preferably, it is 150 NL / L or more and 500 NL / L or less. The higher the hydrogen / oil ratio, the more hydrogenation reaction is promoted, but generally there is an optimal point economically.

The catalyst used for hydrocracking is generally one in which a hydrogenation active metal is supported on a carrier having a solid acid property, but the present invention does not limit the form of the catalyst as long as the same effect can be obtained. Absent.
Supports having a solid acid property include amorphous and crystalline zeolites. Specific examples include amorphous silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, silica-zirconia, silica-titania and zeolite faujasite type, beta type, MFI type, and mordenite type. Preferred are faujasite type, beta type, MFI type, and mordenite type zeolite, and more preferred are Y type and beta type. The Y type is preferably ultra-stabilized.

As the active metal, the following two types (active metal A type and active metal B type) are preferably used.
The active metal A type is at least one metal selected from Group 6A and Group 8 metals in the periodic table. Preferably, it is at least one metal selected from Ni, Co, Mo, Pt, Pd and W. When using a noble metal catalyst composed of these metals, it can be used after pre-reduction treatment in a hydrogen stream. In general, when a gas containing hydrogen is circulated and heat of 200 ° C. or higher is applied according to a predetermined procedure, the active metal on the catalyst is reduced, and hydrogenation activity is exhibited.
The active metal B type may be a combination of these metals, and examples thereof include Pt—Pd, Co—Mo, Ni—Mo, Ni—W, and Ni—Co—Mo. Moreover, when using the catalyst which consists of these metals, it is preferable to use after pre-sulfiding.

  As the metal source, a general inorganic salt or a complex salt compound can be used, and as a supporting method, any method of a supporting method used in an ordinary hydrogenation catalyst such as an impregnation method or an ion exchange method can be used. When a plurality of metals are supported, they may be supported simultaneously using a mixed solution, or may be sequentially supported using a single solution. The metal solution may be an aqueous solution or an organic solvent.

  The reaction temperature when performing hydrocracking using a catalyst comprising an active metal A type and an active metal B type is preferably 200 ° C. or higher and 450 ° C. or lower, more preferably 250 ° C. or higher and 430 ° C. or lower. More preferably, the temperature is 300 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less. If the reaction temperature in the hydrocracking exceeds 450 ° C., side reactions that decompose into a naphtha fraction increase and the yield of the middle fraction is extremely reduced, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the temperature is lower than 200 ° C., the activity of the catalyst is remarkably lowered, which is not preferable.

  The hydrogen pressure when hydrocracking using a catalyst comprising an active metal A type and an active metal B type is preferably 1 MPa or more and 20 MPa or less, more preferably 4 MPa or more and 16 MPa or less, and 6 MPa or more and 13 MPa. More preferably, it is as follows. The higher the hydrogen pressure is, the more hydrogenation reaction is promoted. However, the decomposition reaction rather slows down and the progress of the reaction needs to be adjusted by increasing the reaction temperature, leading to a decrease in catalyst life. For this reason, there is generally an economical optimum for the reaction temperature.

The liquid hourly space velocity which hydrocracking is carried out using a catalyst composed of the active metal A type (LHSV) is preferably at 0.1 h ^-1 or more ^{10h -1} or less, 0.3h ^-1 over 3.5h More preferably, it is ⁻¹ or less. The lower the LHSV, the more advantageous for the reaction. However, if the LHSV is too low, an extremely large reaction tower volume is required, resulting in excessive capital investment, which is not economical.
The liquid hourly space velocity which hydrocracking is carried out using a catalyst composed of the active metal B type (LHSV) is preferably at 0.1 h ^-1 or more ^{2h -1} or less, 0.2 h ^-1 or more 1.7h more preferably ^{1 or} less, 0.3h ^-1 or 1.5 h ^- and still more preferably 1 or less. The lower the LHSV, the more advantageous for the reaction. However, if the LHSV is too low, an extremely large reaction tower volume is required, resulting in excessive capital investment, which is not economical.

The hydrogen / oil ratio is preferably 50 NL / L or more and 1000 NL / L or less, more preferably 70 NL / L or more and 800 NL / L or less when hydrocracking using a catalyst composed of an active metal A type. Preferably, it is 400 NL / L or more and 1500 NL / L or less. The higher the hydrogen / oil ratio, the more hydrogenation reaction is promoted, but generally there is an optimal point economically.
The hydrogen / oil ratio is preferably 150 NL / L or more and 2000 NL / L or less, more preferably 300 NL / L or more and 1700 NL / L or less when hydrocracking using a catalyst composed of an active metal B type. Preferably, it is 400 NL / L or more and 1500 NL / L or less. The higher the hydrogen / oil ratio, the more hydrogenation reaction is promoted, but generally there is an optimal point economically.

The apparatus for hydrotreating may be of any configuration, the reaction towers may be used alone or in combination, hydrogen may be additionally injected between the reaction towers, gas-liquid separation operation, hydrogen sulfide removal equipment, hydrogen It may have a distillation column for fractionating the chemical product and obtaining the desired fraction.
The reaction format of the hydrotreating apparatus can take a fixed bed system. Hydrogen can take either a countercurrent or a cocurrent flow with respect to the feedstock, and may have a plurality of reaction towers and a combination of countercurrent and cocurrent flow. The general format is downflow, and there is a gas-liquid twin parallel flow format. Hydrogen gas may be injected into the middle stage of the reaction tower as a quench for the purpose of removing reaction heat or increasing the hydrogen partial pressure.

  The petroleum base material is a hydrocarbon base material obtained by processing crude oil. Generally, the straight base material obtained from the atmospheric distillation apparatus, the straight-run heavy oil obtained from the atmospheric distillation apparatus or the residue Depressurized base material obtained by treating inspection oil with a vacuum distillation apparatus, catalytic cracking base material or hydrocracking base material obtained by catalytic cracking or hydrocracking of a decompressed heavy base material or desulfurized heavy oil, and these petroleum systems Examples thereof include hydrorefining base materials or hydrodesulfurization base materials obtained by hydrorefining hydrocarbons. In addition to crude oil, non-conventional petroleum resources, such as oil shells, oil sands, orinocotal, etc., are treated appropriately, and the base materials finished to the same performance as the above base materials are also petroleum. It can be used according to the base material.

  The highly hydrogenated petroleum-based base material according to the present invention is a kerosene oil fraction obtained by hydrorefining a predetermined feedstock and further hydrotreating it. As raw material oil, straight-run kerosene oil obtained from atmospheric distillation equipment, straight-run heavy oil obtained from atmospheric distillation equipment and residual oil obtained by processing with vacuum distillation equipment, desulfurization Examples thereof include hydrorefined kerosene oil and hydrodesulfurized kerosene oil obtained by hydrotreating undesulfurized vacuum kerosene light oil, depressurized heavy gas oil, or catalytic cracked kerosene obtained by catalytic cracking of desulfurized heavy oil.

The hydrorefining conditions when the feedstock is a light oil fraction may be those that have been processed using a hydrodesulfurization apparatus common in petroleum refining. In general, the reaction is performed under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 300 to 380 ° C., a hydrogen pressure of 3 to 8 MPa, LHSV 0.3 to 2 h ⁻¹ , and a hydrogen / oil ratio of 100 to 500 NL / L. The hydrorefining conditions when the feedstock is a kerosene fraction may be those that have been processed using a hydrodesulfurization apparatus common in petroleum refining. In general, the reaction temperature is 220 to 350 ° C., the hydrogen pressure is ^{1 to} 6 MPa, the LHSV is 0.1 to 10 h ⁻¹ , and the hydrogen / oil ratio is 10 to 300 NL / L. Preferably, the reaction temperature is 250 ° C. to 340 ° C., the hydrogen pressure is 2 to 5 MPa, the LHSV is ^{1 to} 10 h ⁻¹ , and the hydrogen / oil ratio is 30 to 200 NL / L, more preferably the reactivity is 270 ° C. to 330 ° C., the hydrogen pressure is 2 to 4 MPa. , LHSV 2 to 10 h ⁻¹ , hydrogen / oil ratio 50 to 200 NL / L.

  The lower the reaction temperature, the more advantageous for the hydrogenation reaction, but not for the desulfurization reaction. The higher the hydrogen pressure and the hydrogen / oil ratio, the more the desulfurization and hydrogenation reactions are promoted, but there is an optimal point economically. The lower the LHSV, the more advantageous for the reaction. However, if the LHSV is too low, a very large reaction tower volume is required, resulting in an excessive capital investment.

  The catalyst used for these hydrorefining can apply the general catalyst for hydrodesulfurization. The active metal is usually a sulfide of Group 6A and Group 8 metals of the periodic table, and examples thereof include Co—Mo, Ni—Mo, Co—W, and Ni—W. As the carrier, a porous inorganic oxide mainly composed of alumina is used. These conditions and the catalyst are not particularly limited as long as the properties of the raw material oil are satisfied.

  The feedstock according to the present invention is obtained by the above-described hydrorefining treatment, and preferably has a sulfur content of 5 ppm to 10 ppm and a boiling point range of 130 ° C to 380 ° C. When the sulfur content and boiling point range of the feedstock oil are within the above ranges, the properties defined in the following advanced hydroprocessing can be achieved easily and reliably.

The advanced hydrogenation treatment can be obtained by using the above-described hydrorefined kerosene as a raw material and further hydrotreating in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.
Advanced hydrotreatment conditions are a reaction temperature of 170 to 320 ° C., a hydrogen pressure of 2 to 10 MPa, an LHSV of 0.1 to 2 h ⁻¹ , and a hydrogen / oil ratio of 100 to 800 NL / L. The reaction temperature is preferably 175 ° C to 300 ° C, the hydrogen pressure is 2.5 to 8 MPa, the LHSV is 0.2 to 1.5 h ^-1 , and the hydrogen / oil ratio is 150 to 600 NL / L, more preferably the reaction temperature is 180 ° C to 280 ° C. The hydrogen pressure is 3 to 7 MPa, the LHSV is 0.3 to 1.2 h ⁻¹ , and the hydrogen / oil ratio is 150 to 500 NL / L. The lower the reaction temperature, the more advantageous for the hydrogenation reaction, but not for the desulfurization reaction. The higher the hydrogen pressure and the hydrogen / oil ratio, the more the desulfurization and hydrogenation reactions are promoted, but there is an optimal point economically. The lower the LHSV, the more advantageous for the reaction. However, if the LHSV is too low, a very large reaction tower volume is required, resulting in an excessive capital investment.

The apparatus for hydrotreating hydrorefined feedstock may be of any configuration, the reaction towers may be used alone or in combination, more hydrogen may be injected between the reaction towers, and gas-liquid separation You may have operation and hydrogen sulfide removal equipment.
The reaction format of the hydrotreating apparatus of the present invention can be a fixed bed system. Hydrogen can take either a countercurrent or a cocurrent flow with respect to the feedstock, and may have a plurality of reaction towers and a combination of countercurrent and cocurrent flow. The general format is downflow, and there is a gas-liquid twin parallel flow format. Hydrogen gas may be injected into the middle stage of the reaction tower as a quench for the purpose of removing reaction heat or increasing the hydrogen partial pressure.

  The catalyst used for the hydrotreatment is a catalyst in which a hydrogenation active metal is supported on a porous carrier. Examples of the porous carrier include inorganic oxides such as alumina. Specific inorganic oxides include alumina, titania, zirconia, boria, silica, or zeolite. In the present invention, at least one of titania, zirconia, boria, silica, and zeolite is composed of alumina. Is good. The production method is not particularly limited, but any preparation method can be employed using raw materials in various sols, salt compounds, and the like corresponding to each element. Furthermore, once the composite hydroxide or composite oxide such as silica alumina, silica zirconia, alumina titania, silica titania, and alumina boria is prepared, the preparation process in the state of alumina gel and other hydroxides or in an appropriate solution state It may be prepared by adding at any step. The ratio of alumina to other oxides can be any ratio with respect to the porous carrier, but preferably alumina is 90% or less, more preferably 60% or less, more preferably 40% or less.

  Zeolite is a crystalline aluminosilicate, such as faujasite, pentasil, mordenite, etc., which is ultra-stabilized by a predetermined hydrothermal treatment and / or acid treatment, or one whose alumina content in the zeolite is adjusted is used. be able to. Preferably, faujasite, beta, and mordenite are used, particularly preferably Y type and beta type. The Y-type is preferably ultra-stabilized, and the ultra-stabilized zeolite by hydrothermal treatment forms new pores in the range of 20 to 100% in addition to the original pore structure called micropores of 20 cm or less. . Known conditions can be used for the hydrothermal treatment conditions.

  The active metal of the catalyst used for the hydrotreatment is at least one metal selected from Group 8 metals of the periodic table. Preferably, it is at least one selected from Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd and Pt, and more preferably Pd or / and Pt. The active metal may be a combination of these metals. For example, Pt-Pd, Pt-Rh, Pt-Ru, Ir-Pd, Ir-Rh, Ir-Ru, Pt-Pd-Rh, Pt-Rh-Ru , Ir-Pd-Rh, Ir-Rh-Ru, and the like can be used. As the metal source, a general inorganic salt or a complex salt compound can be used, and as a supporting method, any method of a supporting method used in an ordinary hydrogenation catalyst such as an impregnation method or an ion exchange method can be used. When a plurality of metals are supported, they may be supported simultaneously using a mixed solution, or may be sequentially supported using a single solution. The metal solution may be an aqueous solution or an organic solvent.

Metal loading may be performed after the completion of the entire preparation process of the porous support, or after further preloading on an appropriate oxide, composite oxide, zeolite in the intermediate process of porous support preparation, Heat concentration and kneading may be performed.
The amount of the active metal supported is not particularly limited, but is 0.1 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.15 to 5% by mass, and more preferably 0.2 to 3% by mass with respect to the catalyst mass.
The catalyst according to the present invention is used after a preliminary reduction treatment in a hydrogen stream. In general, when a gas containing hydrogen is circulated and heat of 200 ° C. or higher is applied according to a predetermined procedure, the active metal on the catalyst is reduced, and hydrogenation activity is exhibited.

  The treatment oil derived from animals and plants is composed of hydrocarbons obtained by applying the chemical reaction treatment applied when obtaining the above-mentioned petroleum-based base material to the oils and fats produced and produced from the animal and plant raw materials. It is a substrate. More specifically, an inorganic material having at least one metal selected from Group 6A and Group 8 of the periodic table and acid properties using a hydrocarbon fraction containing components derived from animal and plant oils and animal fats as raw material oils. A hydrocarbon-containing mixed base material which is brought into contact with a hydrocracking catalyst containing an oxide under hydrogen pressure. The raw material oil for the processed oil derived from animals and plants needs to be a component derived from animal and vegetable oils and fats. The animal and vegetable oils and fats and components derived from animal and vegetable oils and fats in the present invention refer to animal and vegetable oils and fats and components derived from animal and vegetable oils and fats that are produced or manufactured naturally or artificially. Animal fats and oils include beef tallow, milk lipid (butter), pork tallow, sheep fat, whale oil, fish oil, liver oil, etc. (Rapeseed flowers), rice bran, sunflower, cottonseed, corn, soybean, sesame, linseed and other seeds and other parts can be mentioned, but other fats and oils can be used without problems. These raw oils may be solid or liquid, but it is preferable to use vegetable oils and vegetable oils as raw materials because of ease of handling, high carbon dioxide absorption capacity and high productivity. Moreover, in this invention, the waste oil which used these animal oils and vegetable oils for consumer use, industrial use, food use etc. can also be used as a raw material after adding the removal process of miscellaneous matters.

As a typical composition of the fatty acid portion of the glyceride compound contained in these raw materials, butyric acid (C ₃ H ₇ COOH), which is a fatty acid having no unsaturated bond in the molecular structure called saturated fatty acid, caproic acid ( C ₅ H ₁₁ COOH), caprylic acid (C ₇ H ₁₅ COOH), capric acid (C ₉ H ₁₉ COOH), lauric acid (C ₁₁ H ₂₃ COOH), myristic acid (C ₁₃ H ₂₇ COOH), palmitic acid ( C ₁₅ H ₃₁ COOH), stearic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COOH), and oleic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₃ COOH), which is an unsaturated fatty acid having one or more unsaturated bonds, linoleic acid (C ₁₇ H ₃₁ COOH) ), linolenic acid _{(C 17} H 29 COOH), ricinoleic acid _{(C 17 H 32 (OH)} COOH) Hitoshigakyo It is. The hydrocarbon part of these fatty acids in natural substances is generally linear, but it is used in the present invention even if it has a structure having a side chain, that is, an isomer, as long as the properties defined in the present invention are satisfied. be able to. Further, the position of the unsaturated bond in the molecule of the unsaturated fatty acid is not limited to those generally found in nature as long as the properties defined in the present invention are satisfied in the present invention. The set one can also be used.
The above-mentioned raw material oils (animal and vegetable oils and fats and components derived from animal and vegetable oils and fats) have one or more of these fatty acids, and the fatty acids they have differ depending on the raw materials. For example, coconut oil has a relatively large amount of saturated fatty acids such as lauric acid and myristic acid, while soybean oil has a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid.

  The feedstock oil preferably contains a fraction of 250 ° C or higher, more preferably contains a fraction of 300 ° C or higher, and contains a fraction of 360 ° C or higher. Further preferred. When the fraction having a boiling point of 230 ° C. or higher is not contained, the production of gas is increased during production, so that the yield of the liquid product is decreased, and the life cycle carbon dioxide may be increased.

  Moreover, as raw material oil of the process oil derived from animals and plants, what mixed the petroleum hydrocarbon fraction with the animal and plant oils and fats and animal fats and oils-derived components may be used. In this case, the ratio of the petroleum hydrocarbon fraction is preferably 10 to 99% by volume, more preferably 30 to 99% by volume, and still more preferably 60 to 98% by volume based on the total volume of the feedstock. When the ratio of petroleum hydrocarbon fraction is less than the lower limit, equipment required for treatment of by-product water may be required, and the ratio of petroleum hydrocarbon fraction exceeds the upper limit. When exceeding, it is not preferable from a viewpoint of life-cycle carbon dioxide reduction.

The hydrocracking conditions in the hydrotreating of the feedstock oil are performed under conditions such as a hydrogen pressure of 6 to 20 MPa, a liquid space velocity (LHSV) of 0.1 to 1.5 h ⁻¹ , and a hydrogen / oil ratio of 200 to 2000 NL / L. More desirable are conditions such as a hydrogen pressure of 8 to 17 MPa, a liquid space velocity of 0.2 to 1.1 h ⁻¹ , a hydrogen / oil ratio of 300 to 1800 NL / L, a hydrogen pressure of 10 to 16 MPa, and a liquid space velocity of 0.3. Conditions such as ~ 0.9h ^-1 and hydrogen / oil ratio 350-1600NL / L are even more desirable. These conditions are all factors that influence the reaction activity. For example, when the hydrogen pressure and the hydrogen oil ratio are less than the lower limit values, there is a risk of causing a decrease in reactivity or a rapid decrease in activity. If the hydrogen oil ratio exceeds the upper limit, excessive equipment investment such as a compressor may be required. Liquid hourly space velocity tends to be more advantageous for the lower the reaction, if it is less than 0.1 h ^-1 tend to be extremely large reactor volume is required excessive capital investment, while the 1.5 h ^-1 If it exceeds, the reaction will not proceed sufficiently.

The light oil composition of the present invention mainly contains an FT synthetic base material and needs to have the following specific properties.
The light oil composition of the present invention contains an FT synthetic base material in an amount of 60% by volume or more based on the total amount of the light oil composition, a sulfur content of 5 mass ppm or less, an aromatic content of 10% by volume or less, and an oxygen content. The amount is 100 ppm or less, the density is 760 kg / m ³ or more and 840 kg / m ³ or less, the distillation property 90% distillation temperature is 280 ° C. or more and 350 ° C. or less, the end point is 360 ° C. or less, and the total insoluble matter after the accelerated oxidation test is 0 .5 mg / 100 mL or less, HFRR wear scar diameter (WS1.4) of 400 μm or less, clouding point of −3 ° C. or less, clogging point of −10 ° C. or less, pour point of −12.5 ° C. or less, from 20 carbon atoms Charcoal other than normal paraffin having a total sum of normal paraffin content up to 30 and less than 6% by weight and having a normal paraffin content of 20 to 30 carbon atoms of 20 to 30 carbon atoms The value divided by the total content of hydrogen fluoride is 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less, and the normal paraffin content (CnP) at each carbon number from 20 to 25 carbon atoms is C20P>C21P> C22P >C23P>C24P> C25P and (C24P-C25P) / C24P> (C22P-C23P) / C22P> (C20P-C21P) / C20P are established, and additives are added as in step 1 and step 2 below. It is a light oil composition characterized by doing.

(Step 1) 20 mg / L or more and 300 mg / L or less of a lubricity improver comprising a fatty acid and / or a fatty acid ester as an active ingredient is added to and mixed with the light oil composition by line blending, forced stirring, or standing still in a sufficient place. To do.
(Step 2) 20 mg / L or more and 1000 mg / L or less of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and / or a low-temperature fluidity improver having a surface-active effect as an active ingredient is subjected to line blending, forced stirring, or standing still in a sufficiently static place Add to the light oil composition.

In addition, a detergent composed of a polyetheramine compound, a polybutenylamine compound, an alkenyl succinic acid amide compound, an alkenyl succinimide compound and the like between the above step 1 and step 2 is 20 mg / L or more and 500 mg / L or less. Is preferably added to and mixed by line blending, forced stirring, or standing still sufficiently, and as a solvent for a lubricity improver, detergent, or low temperature fluidity improver, a chemical having a melting point of 10 ° C. or higher. It is preferable to use an additive that does not contain a substance, the peroxide value after accelerated oxidation test is 50 mass ppm or less, the kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. is 2.5 mm ² / s to 5.0 mm ² / s, cetane index Is preferably 45 or more and the water content is 100 ppm by volume or less.

  The sulfur content of the light oil composition of the present invention is required to be 5 ppm by mass or less, preferably 3 ppm by mass or less from the viewpoint of reducing harmful exhaust components discharged from the engine and improving the performance of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device. More preferably, it is 1 mass ppm or less. In addition, the sulfur content here means the mass content of the sulfur content based on the total amount of the light oil composition measured by JIS K2541 “Sulfur content test method”.

   The aromatic content of the gas oil composition of the present invention needs to be 10% by volume or less, preferably 8% by volume or less, more preferably 5% by volume or less, and more preferably 3% by volume. More preferably, it is more preferably 1% by volume or less. When the aromatic content is 10% by volume or less, it is possible to suppress the production of PM and the like and exhibit environmental performance, and the properties specified in the light oil composition of the present invention can be more easily and reliably obtained. Can be achieved. The aromatic content here was measured in accordance with JPI-5S-49-97 “Hydrocarbon Type Test Method—High Performance Liquid Chromatograph Method” published by the Japan Petroleum Institute. Means the volume percentage (volume%) of the aromatic content.

The oxygen content of the present invention is required to be 100 mass ppm or less from the viewpoint of improving oxidation stability, preferably 80 mass ppm or less, more preferably 60 mass ppm or less. The oxygen content can be measured with a general elemental analyzer. For example, the sample is converted to CO on platinum carbon, or further converted to CO ₂ and then measured using a thermal conductivity detector. You can also

The density at 15 ° C. of the light oil composition of the present invention needs to be 760 kg / m ³ or more from the viewpoint of securing a calorific value, preferably 765 kg / m ³ or more, and more preferably 770 kg / m ³ or more. Further, the density, NOx, from the viewpoint of reducing the emissions of PM, must be at 840 kg / ^{m 3} or less, preferably 835 kg / ^{m 3} or less, 830 kg / ^{m 3} or less is more preferable. In addition, the density here means the density measured by JIS K 2249 “Density test method and density / mass / capacity conversion table of crude oil and petroleum products”.

As a distillation property in the light oil composition of the present invention, it is necessary that the 90% distillation temperature is 350 ° C. or lower. When the 90% distillation temperature exceeds 350 ° C., the amount of PM and fine particles discharged tends to increase. Therefore, it is preferably 345 ° C. or less, more preferably 340 ° C. or less, and further preferably 335 ° C. or less. Further, if the lower limit value of the 90% distillation temperature is too low, the fuel consumption is deteriorated and the engine output is reduced. Therefore, the temperature needs to be 280 ° C or higher, preferably 285 ° C or higher, more preferably. 290 ° C or higher.
The initial boiling point is preferably 140 ° C. or higher. If the initial boiling point is less than 140 ° C., engine output and startability at high temperatures may be deteriorated. Therefore, the initial boiling point is more preferably 145 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 150 ° C. or higher. The end point is preferably 360 ° C. or lower. When the end point exceeds 360 ° C., the discharge amount of PM and fine particles tends to increase. Therefore, the end point is preferably 368 ° C. or less, and more preferably 366 ° C. or less.
Although there is no restriction on the 10% distillation temperature, the lower limit is preferably 160 ° C. or higher, more preferably 170 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 180 ° C. or higher in order to suppress deterioration of engine output and fuel consumption. On the other hand, the upper limit is preferably 250 ° C. or lower, more preferably 245 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 230 ° C. or lower for the purpose of suppressing deterioration of exhaust gas performance. Here, the initial boiling point, 10% distillation temperature, 90% distillation temperature, and end point all mean values measured by JIS K 2254 “Petroleum products—Distillation test method—Atmospheric pressure method”.

  In the light oil composition of the present invention, from the viewpoint of storage stability, the total insoluble content after the oxidation stability test needs to be 1.0 mg / 100 mL or less, and is 0.8 mg / 100 mL or less. Is preferable, and 0.5 mg / 100 mL or less is more preferable. The oxidation stability test here is conducted under conditions of 95 ° C. and oxygen bubbling for 16 hours in accordance with ASTM D2274-94. The total insoluble matter after the oxidation stability test here means a value measured in accordance with the oxidation stability test.

  The light oil composition of the present invention needs to have an HFRR wear scar diameter (WS1.4) of 400 μm or less with respect to its lubricating performance. If the lubrication performance is low, especially in a diesel engine equipped with a distributed injection pump, the driving torque of the pump during operation and the wear of each part of the pump will increase, and the engine itself may be destroyed as well as the exhaust gas performance deteriorates. There is. Further, even in an electronically controlled fuel injection pump capable of high pressure injection, there is a concern about wear on the sliding surface and the like. Therefore, the light oil composition of the present invention needs to have a HFRR wear scar diameter (WS1.4) of 400 μm or less, preferably 380 μm or less, and more preferably 360 μm or less in terms of its lubricating performance. . Here, the lubrication performance and the HFRR wear scar diameter refer to the lubrication performance measured by the Petroleum Institute Standard JPI-5S-50-98 “Light Oil—Lubricity Test Method” issued by the Japan Petroleum Institute.

  The cloud point of the light oil composition of the present invention needs to be −3 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of ensuring low temperature startability or ensuring low temperature operability, and maintaining injection performance in an electronically controlled fuel injection pump. It is preferable that it is 4 degrees C or less, and it is more preferable that it is -5 degrees C or less. The cloud point here means the cloud point measured according to JIS K 2269 “Pour point of crude oil and petroleum product and cloud point test method of petroleum product”.

  The clogging point of the light oil composition of the present invention is required to be −10 ° C. or lower. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing the pre-filter blockage of the diesel vehicle and maintaining the injection performance in the electronically controlled fuel injection pump, it is preferably −11 ° C. or less, and more preferably −12 ° C. or less. Here, the clogging point means a clogging point measured by JIS K 2288 “Light oil—clogging point test method”.

  The pour point of the light oil composition of the present invention needs to be −12.5 ° C. or less. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of ensuring low temperature startability or low temperature drivability and maintaining the injection performance of the electronically controlled fuel injection pump, it is preferably −15 ° C. or lower. Here, the pour point means a pour point measured according to JIS K 2269 “Pour point of crude oil and petroleum products and cloud point test method of petroleum products”.

The light oil composition of the present invention requires that the total content of normal paraffins having 20 to 30 carbon atoms in the total fuel is 4% by mass or more and less than 6% by mass. If the total amount of these heavy normal paraffins is 6% by mass or more, there is a possibility of inducing wax precipitation at low temperatures. In addition, when the amount is less than 4% by mass, the amount of heavy normal paraffin decreases, and the expression efficiency of the low-temperature fluidity improver that uses this as a growth nucleus decreases. Moreover, in order to improve the additive solubility of the light oil base material itself, the sum of the normal paraffin content having 20 to 30 carbon atoms was divided by the sum of the content of hydrocarbons other than normal paraffin having 20 to 30 carbon atoms. The value must be 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less, preferably 0.22 or more and 0.57 or less, and more preferably 0.25 or more and 0.55 or less. When this value is less than 0.2, the solubility of the additive is remarkably lowered. On the other hand, if this value is larger than 0.6, the low temperature fluidity will be hindered. Further, in this section, the normal paraffin content (CnP) at each carbon number (n) from 20 to 25 carbon atoms is changed to C20P>C21P>C22P>C23P>C24P> C25P and (C24P-C25P) / C24P>. It is necessary to satisfy the relationship of (C22P-C23P) / C22P> (C20P-C21P) / C20P at the same time.
Here, (C24P-C25P) / C24P is a numerical value obtained by dividing the content of normal paraffins having 24 to 25 carbon atoms by the content of normal paraffins having 24 carbon atoms, and (C22P-C23P) / C22P. , (C20P-C21P) / C20P are calculated in the same manner. These relationships were obtained as a result of diligent research, and the meaning was simply expressed as the precipitation rate of heavy normal paraffin with respect to temperature. It has a stable wax precipitation rate according to the temperature cooling history such as air temperature, and the stable operation of the low temperature fluidity improver by the effect of the above-mentioned heavy normal paraffin amount can be guaranteed.
The sum total of the linear saturated hydrocarbon content having 20 to 30 carbon atoms and the linear saturated hydrocarbon content having 20 to 25 carbon atoms are values (mass%) measured using GC-FID. That is, a capillary column of methyl silicon (ULTRAALLOY-1) is used for the column, helium is used for the carrier gas, a hydrogen ion detector (FID) is used for the detector, a column length of 30 m, a carrier gas flow rate of 1.0 mL / min, and a splitting. It is a value measured under the conditions of ratio 1:79, sample injection temperature 360 ° C., column temperature rising condition 140 ° C. → (8 ° C./min)→355° C., detector temperature 360 ° C.

  The peroxide value after the accelerated oxidation test (oxidation stability test) of the light oil composition of the present invention is preferably 50 ppm by mass or less, and 40 ppm by mass or less from the viewpoint of storage stability and compatibility with members. Is more preferable, and it is still more preferable that it is 30 mass ppm or less. The peroxide value after the accelerated oxidation test referred to here is the Petroleum Institute Standard JPI- after conducting the accelerated oxidation test under conditions of 95 ° C. and oxygen bubbling for 16 hours in accordance with ASTM D2274-94. It means the value of peroxide value measured according to 5S-46-96. In order to reduce the peroxide value, additives such as an antioxidant and a metal deactivator can be appropriately added to the light oil composition for cryogenic regions of the present invention.

Preferably the kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. of the gas oil composition of the present invention is 2.5 mm ² / s or more, more preferably 2.55 mm ² / s or more, it is 2.6 mm ² / s or more Is more preferable. If the kinematic viscosity is less than 2.5 mm ² / s, it tends to be difficult to control the fuel injection timing on the fuel injection pump side, and the lubricity of each part of the fuel injection pump mounted on the engine is impaired. There is a fear. On the other hand, the upper limit of the kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. is not limited, but the viewpoint of suppressing the increase in the NOx and PM concentrations in the exhaust gas by increasing the resistance in the fuel injection system and destabilizing the injection system. Therefore, it is preferably 5.0 mm ² / s or less, more preferably 4.8 mm ² / s or less, and further preferably 4.5 mm ² / s or less. In addition, kinematic viscosity here means kinematic viscosity measured by JISK2283 "crude oil and petroleum products-kinematic viscosity test method and viscosity index calculation method".

  The cetane index of the light oil composition of the present invention is preferably 45 or more. When the cetane index is less than 45, the concentration of PM, aldehydes, or NOx in the exhaust gas tends to increase. For the same reason, the cetane index is more preferably 47 or more, and further preferably 50 or more. Moreover, although there is no restriction on the upper limit of the cetane index, when it exceeds 80, the soot emission during acceleration tends to deteriorate, so the cetane index is preferably 78 or less, more preferably 75 or less, and further 73 or less. More preferred. The cetane index referred to in the present invention is defined by “Calculation method of cetane index using 8.4 variable equations” in JIS K 2280 “Petroleum products-fuel oil-octane number and cetane number test method and cetane index calculation method”. It means the calculated value. Here, the cetane index in the JIS standard is generally applied to light oil to which a cetane number improver is not added, but in the present invention, the above-mentioned " Applying “8.4 Calculation Method of Cetane Index Using Variable Equation”, a value calculated by the calculation method is expressed as a cetane index.

  The cetane number in the light oil composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above characteristics, but is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing knocking during diesel combustion and suppressing emissions of NOx, PM and aldehydes in exhaust gas. Is 45 or more, more preferably 47 or more, and still more preferably 50 or more. Further, from the viewpoint of reducing black smoke in the exhaust gas, the cetane number is preferably 80 or less, more preferably 78 or less, and further preferably 75 or less. The cetane number referred to here is a cetane number measured in accordance with “7. Cetane number test method” in JIS K 2280 “Petroleum products—fuel oil—octane number and cetane number test method and cetane index calculation method”. Means.

  The water content of the light oil composition of the present invention is preferably 100 ppm by volume or less, more preferably 50 ppm by volume or less, and even more preferably from the viewpoint of preventing freezing at low temperatures and preventing corrosion inside the engine. Is 20 ppm by volume or less. The water content here means a value measured by JIS K 2275 “Crude oil and petroleum products—moisture test method—Karl Fischer coulometric titration method”.

  The flash point of the light oil composition of the present invention is preferably 45 ° C. or higher. When the flash point is less than 45 ° C., it is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety. Therefore, the flash point is more preferably 47 ° C. or more, and further preferably 50 ° C. or more. The flash point in the present invention is a value measured by JIS K 2265 “Crude oil and petroleum product flash point test method”.

  Although there are no particular restrictions on the residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil of the light oil composition of the present invention, the viewpoint of reducing fine particles and PM, maintaining the performance of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device mounted on the engine, and preventing filter clogging by sludge From this point, it is preferably 0.1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.08% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.05% by mass or less. Here, the 10% residual carbon content means a value measured by JIS K 2270 “Crude oil and petroleum products—residual carbon content test method”.

  In the light oil composition of the present invention, first, (Step 1) a lubricity improver is added to and mixed with the light oil composition by line blending, forced stirring, or standing still sufficiently (Step 2) low temperature fluidity improver. It is necessary to go through a step of adding and mixing to the light oil composition by line blending, forced stirring, or standing still sufficiently. Further, depending on the performance required for the fuel, a step of adding and mixing the detergent to the light oil composition by line blending, forced stirring, or leaving it still on a sufficiently static surface may be provided between Step 1 and Step 2. Furthermore, an appropriate amount of additives such as other additives such as a cetane number improver can be blended depending on the situation.

  In addition, the line blend mentioned as the mixing method of the light oil composition and the additive means that the fuel to be added is moved by pumping, for example, between the storage tank and the storage tank, between the manufacturing apparatus and the manufacturing apparatus, and between the manufacturing apparatus and the storage tank. A method is shown in which an additive is added on the path and diffused and mixed until it reaches the downstream side from the upstream side. Forced agitation means that when there is fuel to be added in a storage tank, production equipment, etc., an additive is added here, and forced diffusion and mixing are performed by forced circulation using a pump and agitation using a stirrer. The method is shown. Standing still means fuel with additives added by various methods, or storage tanks, fuel with additives added in production equipment, left for a sufficient period on the spot, natural diffusion, diffusion by natural convection, The method of mixing is shown. In any mixing method, the target fuel may be heated in order to increase the mixing efficiency.

  Regarding Step 1 and Step 2, there is no restriction as long as the light oil composition of the present invention can be blended in strict adherence to the order of addition of the additives and the mixing method of the light oil composition and the additive, and light oil in a general refinery The method used in the composition manufacturing act can be taken. Regarding the method of adding the low temperature fluidity improver, a method of adding to the light oil produced after diluting with a solvent, kerosene, light oil, etc., adding the low temperature fluidity improver itself after heating it to the outside air temperature + 10 ° C. The method to do is often used.

  In addition, as for the additive used by this invention, it is desirable not to contain the solvent which consists of a chemical substance whose melting | fusing point is 10 degreeC or more. When a solvent having a melting point of 10 ° C. or higher is used, there is a concern that the solvent itself precipitates before the light oil wax at a low temperature, thereby deteriorating the low-temperature performance. Examples of the solvent species having a melting point of 10 ° C. or higher include saturated alkyls having 11 or more carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group bonded to the terminal thereof (for example, dodecyl alcohol) and compounds having a phenol group. From the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load, it is preferable not to use so-called environmental hormones or environmentally restricted substances in these additives or solvents used in the additives.

  A lubricity improver must be added to the light oil composition of the present invention. At the time of addition, the amount added is required to be 20 mg / L or more and 300 mg / L or less in terms of active ingredient concentration for the purpose of preventing wear of the fuel injection pump, and is 50 mg / L or more and 200 mg / L or less. It is preferable. When the addition amount of the lubricity improver is within the above range, the effect of the added lubricity improver can be effectively extracted. For example, in a diesel engine equipped with a distributed injection pump, An increase in driving torque can be suppressed and pump wear can be reduced.

  The type of the lubricity improver must be a lubricity improver containing a compound having a polar group consisting of a fatty acid and / or a fatty acid ester. Although the detailed compound name etc. are not specifically limited, For example, 1 type, or 2 or more types of each lubricity improvement agent of a carboxylic acid type | system | group, ester type | system | group, alcohol type | system | group, and a phenol type can be used arbitrarily. Among these, carboxylic acid-based and ester-based lubricity improvers are preferable. Examples of the carboxylic acid-based lubricity improver include linoleic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, hexadecenoic acid, and a mixture of two or more of the above carboxylic acids. Examples of ester-based lubricity improvers include carboxylic acid esters of glycerin. The carboxylic acid constituting the carboxylic acid ester may be one kind or two or more kinds, and specific examples thereof include linoleic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, hexadecenoic acid and the like. There is.

From the viewpoint of preventing filter blockage of diesel automobiles, a low temperature fluidity improver must be added to the light oil composition of the present invention after taking a predetermined process. Moreover, the addition amount needs to be 20 mg / L or more and 1000 mg / L or less in an active ingredient density | concentration, and it is more preferable that it is 300 mg / L or more and 800 mg / L or less.
The type of low temperature fluidity improver must be an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and / or a low temperature fluidity improver having a surface active effect. For example, low temperature fluidity improvers having a surface active effect include copolymers of ethylene and methyl methacrylate, copolymers of ethylene and α-olefins, chlorinated methylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, unsaturated carboxylic acids. Alkyl ester polymer of acid, ester synthesized from nitrogen-containing compound having hydroxyl group and saturated fatty acid or salt thereof, ester and amide derivative synthesized from polyhydric alcohol and saturated fatty acid, synthesized from polyoxyalkylene glycol and saturated fatty acid 1 ester selected from an ester synthesized from an alkylene oxide adduct of a polyhydric alcohol or a partial ester thereof and a saturated fatty acid, a chlorinated paraffin / naphthalene condensate, an alkenyl succinic acid amide, an amine salt of sulfobenzoic acid, or the like The combination of two or more That.

In addition to the above-mentioned low-temperature fluidity improver, the light oil composition of the present invention includes linear compounds such as alkenyl succinic acid amide and polyethylene glycol dibehenate, acids such as phthalic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and nitriloacetic acid. Or a low-temperature fluidity improver such as a comb-like polymer comprising a polar nitrogen compound comprising a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl-substituted amine and an acid anhydride thereof, an alkyl fumarate or an alkyl itaconate-unsaturated ester copolymer, etc. Or 2 or more types can be used.
In addition, since a commercial product referred to as a low temperature fluidity improver may be diluted with an appropriate solvent for an active ingredient (active ingredient) that contributes to low temperature fluidity, such a commercial product may be used in the present invention. In the case of adding to the light oil composition, the above-mentioned addition amount means an addition amount (active component concentration) as an active ingredient (active component).

  A detergent can be added to the light oil composition of the present invention as necessary. However, when adding the detergent, it is necessary to add it after the addition of the lubricity improver, before the addition of the fluidity improver, or simultaneously with the lubricity improver. The component of the detergent is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include a polyetheramine compound that is a reaction product of butylene oxide and an amine, a polybutenylamine compound that is a reaction product of an isobutylene polymer and an amine, and an imide system. Compound; Alkenyl succinimide such as polybutenyl succinimide synthesized from polybutenyl succinic anhydride and ethylene polyamines; Synthesized from polyalcohol such as pentaerythritol and polybutenyl succinic anhydride Ashless clean of succinic acid esters such as polybutenyl succinic acid esters, copolymer polymers such as dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol methacrylate, vinyl pyrrolidone and alkyl methacrylate copolymers, and reaction products of carboxylic acids and amines Agents Gerare, among them the reaction product of an imide alkenylsuccinic acids and carboxylic acids and amines are preferred. These detergents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of using an alkenyl succinimide include a case where an alkenyl succinimide having a molecular weight of about 1000 to 3000 is used alone, an alkenyl succinimide having a molecular weight of about 700 to 2000, and an alkenyl succinimide having a molecular weight of about 10,000 to 20000. May be used in combination. The carboxylic acid constituting the reaction product of the carboxylic acid and the amine may be one type or two or more types. Specific examples thereof include fatty acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms and carbon atoms having 7 to 24 carbon atoms. An aromatic carboxylic acid etc. are mentioned. Examples of the fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms include linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid and the like, but are not limited thereto. In addition, examples of the aromatic carboxylic acid having 7 to 24 carbon atoms include benzoic acid and salicylic acid, but are not limited thereto. Moreover, the amine which comprises the reaction product of carboxylic acid and an amine may be 1 type, or may be 2 or more types. The amine used here is typically oleylamine, but is not limited thereto, and various amines can be used.

  The blending amount of the cleaning agent is not particularly limited, but in order to bring out the effect of blending the cleaning agent, specifically, the effect of suppressing the clogging of the fuel injection nozzle, the blending amount of the cleaning agent is 20 mg / L based on the total amount of the composition. It is preferable to set it above, more preferably 50 mg / L or more, and further preferably 100 mg / L or more. Even if an amount less than 20 mg / L is added, the effect may not appear. On the other hand, if the blending amount is too large, an effect commensurate with it cannot be expected, and conversely, NOx, PM, aldehydes, etc. in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine may increase, so the blending amount of the detergent is 500 mg / It is preferably L or less, more preferably 300 mg / L or less, and 200 mg / L or less. In general, commercially available detergents are obtained in a state where an active ingredient contributing to cleaning is diluted with an appropriate solvent. When such a commercial product is blended in the light oil composition of the present invention, the content of the active ingredient in the light oil composition is preferably within the above range.

In the light oil composition of the present invention, if necessary, an appropriate amount of a cetane number improver can be blended to improve the cetane number of the resulting light oil composition.
As the cetane number improver, various compounds known as light oil cetane number improvers can be arbitrarily used, and examples thereof include nitrate esters and organic peroxides. These cetane number improvers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among the above cetane number improvers, it is preferable to use a nitrate ester. Such nitrate esters include 2-chloroethyl nitrate, 2-ethoxyethyl nitrate, isopropyl nitrate, butyl nitrate, primary amyl nitrate, secondary amyl nitrate, isoamyl nitrate, primary hexyl nitrate, Various nitrates such as secondary hexyl nitrate, n-heptyl nitrate, n-octyl nitrate, 2-ethylhexyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, and ethylene glycol dinitrate are included. An alkyl nitrate of 6-8 is preferred.

The content of the cetane improver is preferably 500 mg / L or more, more preferably 600 mg / L or more, further preferably 700 mg / L or more, and more preferably 800 mg / L or more based on the total amount of the composition. Even more preferably, it is most preferably 900 mg / L or more. When the content of the cetane number improver is less than 500 mg / L, a sufficient cetane number improving effect cannot be obtained, and PM, aldehydes, and NOx in diesel engine exhaust gas tend not to be sufficiently reduced. Further, the upper limit of the content of the cetane number improver is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1400 mg / L or less, more preferably 1250 mg / L or less, based on the total amount of the light oil composition, and 1100 mg / L or less. More preferably, it is most preferably 1000 mg / L or less.
As the cetane number improver, one synthesized according to a conventional method may be used, or a commercially available product may be used. In addition, what is marketed as a cetane number improver is usually obtained in a state where an active ingredient contributing to cetane number improvement (that is, cetane number improver itself) is diluted with an appropriate solvent. When preparing the light oil composition of this invention using such a commercial item, it is preferable that content of the said active ingredient in a light oil composition becomes in the above-mentioned range.

Further, for the purpose of further improving the performance of the light oil composition in the present invention, other known fuel oil additives (hereinafter referred to as “other additives” for convenience) described later may be added alone or in combination of several kinds. it can. Other additives include, for example, phenol-based and amine-based antioxidants; metal deactivators such as salicylidene derivatives; corrosion inhibitors such as aliphatic amines and alkenyl succinic acid esters; anionic-based, cationic-based, Antistatic agents such as amphoteric surfactants; coloring agents such as azo dyes; antifoaming agents such as silicones; antifreezing agents such as 2-methoxyethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and polyglycol ether.
The addition amount of other additives can be arbitrarily determined, but the addition amount of each additive is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the light oil composition. It is.
In addition, this invention does not add a restriction | limiting regarding the other specification of the diesel engine to which the light oil composition of this invention is applied, a use, and a use environment.

  As described above, according to the present invention, by using the light oil composition produced by the above production method, fraction regulation, etc., the present invention, which was difficult to realize with the conventional light oil composition, It is possible to provide a light oil composition for winter in which a light oil composition mainly containing a synthetic base material can achieve both high environmental impact reduction, low temperature performance and fuel efficiency.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail based on an Example and a comparative example, this invention is not limited to these Examples at all.

(Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1)
A gas oil composition shown in Table 2 was prepared by preparing a base material having the properties shown in Table 1 (Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1). The FT synthesis substrates 1 and 2 are hydrocarbon mixtures obtained by subjecting natural gas to wax and middle distillation by FT reaction and subjecting it to hydrogenation treatment, but the reaction conditions are different, and FT synthesis is performed. The base material 1 is a base material in which isomerization has been positively performed, and the FT synthesis base material 2 is a base material that has been subjected to a treatment that places little emphasis on isomerization. The advanced hydrotreatment base material is a hydrocarbon base material obtained by further subjecting a light oil base material to hydrogenation treatment to further reduce sulfur and aroma. Processed oil derived from animals and plants is obtained by performing hydrogenation using palm oil (hole component) as a raw material and removing miscellaneous components. The hydrorefined gas oil corresponds to the commercially available JIS No. 2 gas oil used in winter. Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 were produced using appropriate amounts or total amounts thereof.
The additives used in this example are as follows.
Lubricant improver: Infineum R655 manufactured by Infinium Japan
(Active ingredient: linear alkyl ester mixture using fatty acid as a raw material, average molecular weight 250 MW)
Detergent: Alkenyl succinimide mixture Low temperature fluidity improver: Infineum R240, manufactured by Infinium Japan
(Active component: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer mixture, solvent: alkylbenzene (melting point: −50 ° C. or lower))

  In Example 1, a predetermined additive addition step, that is, the lubricity improver was added and then sufficiently mixed and forcedly stirred, and then the low temperature fluidity improver was added and forcedly stirred. In Example 2, the predetermined additive addition process, that is, the lubricity improver and the detergent were added and then sufficiently mixed and forcedly stirred, and then the low temperature fluidity improver was added and forcedly stirred. In Comparative Example 1, only the low temperature fluidity improver is added. In addition, it has been confirmed that the additives used in these Examples and Comparative Examples are not mixed with a solvent having a melting point of 10 ° C. or higher.

  The blending ratio of the blended diesel oil composition, and the blended diesel oil composition, density at 15 ° C., kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C., flash point, sulfur content, oxygen content, distillation properties, each carbon number Normal paraffin content (CnP) for each, normal paraffin content of 20 to 30 carbon atoms (C20-C30), sum of normal paraffin content of 20 to 30 carbon atoms other than normal paraffin having 20 to 30 carbon atoms Value divided by the total hydrocarbon content, cetane index, cetane number, aromatic content, cloudy point, clogging point, pour point, residual carbon content of 10% residual oil, after oxidation stability test Table 2 shows the results of measurement of total insoluble matter, peroxide value, wear scar diameter, and moisture.

The properties of the fuel oil were measured by the following method. In addition, about the component ratio and cetane number of each fraction, it fractionates after base-material preparation and is measuring.
The density refers to a density measured according to JIS K 2249 “Determination method of density of crude oil and petroleum products and density / mass / capacity conversion table”.
The kinematic viscosity refers to a kinematic viscosity measured according to JIS K 2283 “Crude oil and petroleum products—Kinematic viscosity test method and viscosity index calculation method”.
The flash point indicates a value measured according to JIS K 2265 “Crude oil and petroleum product flash point test method”.
The sulfur content refers to the mass content of the sulfur content based on the total amount of light oil composition measured by JIS K2541 “Sulfur content test method”.
The oxygen content is a value measured using a thermal conductivity detector after the sample is converted to CO on platinum carbon or further converted to CO2.
All the distillation properties are values measured by JIS K 2254 "Petroleum products-Distillation test method".
Normal paraffin content of each carbon number (CnP), normal paraffin content of 20 to 30 carbon atoms (C20-C30), content of hydrocarbons other than normal paraffin of 20 to 30 carbon atoms (other than CnP), carbon The value obtained by dividing the sum of the normal paraffin contents from several 20 to 30 by the sum of the contents of hydrocarbons other than the normal paraffin from carbon 20 to 30 (other than C20 / C30 CnP / CnP) uses GC-FID. Measured value (mass%) or a value calculated from the measured value. That is, a capillary column of methyl silicon (ULTRAALLOY-1) is used for the column, helium is used for the carrier gas, a hydrogen ion detector (FID) is used for the detector, a column length of 30 m, a carrier gas flow rate of 1.0 mL / min, and a splitting. It is a value measured under the conditions of ratio 1:79, sample injection temperature 360 ° C., column temperature rising condition 140 ° C. → (8 ° C./min)→355° C., detector temperature 360 ° C.
The cetane index and cetane number are the values calculated according to JIS K 2280 “Petroleum products-fuel oil-octane number and cetane number test method and cetane index calculation method”, “Calculation method of cetane index using 8.4 variable equations” and It refers to a value measured according to “7. Cetane number test method”.
The cloud point means the cloud point measured according to JIS K 2269 “Pour point of crude oil and petroleum products and cloud point test method of petroleum products”.
The clogging point means a clogging point measured by JIS K 2288 “Light oil—clogging point test method”.
The pour point means a pour point measured according to JIS K 2269 “Pour point of crude oil and petroleum products and cloud point test method of petroleum products”.
The residual carbon content of 10% residual oil means the residual carbon content of 10% residual oil as measured by JIS K 2270 “Crude oil and petroleum products—residual carbon content test method”.
The aromatic content is measured according to the Japan Petroleum Institute method JPI-5S-49-97 “Hydrocarbon Type Test Method—High Performance Liquid Chromatograph Method” published by the Japan Petroleum Institute. Means the capacity percentage (volume%).
The peroxide value (peroxide value) after the oxidation stability test is accelerating oxidation under conditions of 95 ° C. and oxygen bubbling for 16 hours in accordance with ASTM D2274-94, and then the Petroleum Institute Standard JPI-5S- It means a value measured according to 46-96.
The total insoluble content after the oxidation stability test (total insoluble content) means a value measured after accelerated oxidation under conditions of 95 ° C. and oxygen bubbling for 16 hours in accordance with ASTM D2274-94. .
The lubrication performance and the HFRR wear scar diameter (WS1.4) refer to the lubrication performance measured by the Petroleum Institute Standard JPI-5S-50-98 “Diesel Oil-Lubricity Test Method” issued by the Japan Petroleum Institute.
Moisture refers to moisture measured by the Karl Fischer coulometric titration method described in JIS K 2275 “Crude oil and petroleum products—moisture test method”.

  As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the light oil composition used in the examples is produced by blending 60% by volume or more of the FT synthetic base material. Further, as is apparent from Table 2, in Examples 1 and 2 in which the FT synthetic base material was blended as defined in the present invention, a light oil composition satisfying the specified properties can be obtained easily and reliably. did it. On the other hand, when it does not have the properties of the predetermined light oil composition as in Comparative Example 1 and no predetermined additive is added as in Steps 1 and 2, the light oil composition that is the object of the present invention is obtained. I can't.

  Next, various tests shown below were performed using the light oil compositions of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1. All test results are shown in Table 3. As can be seen from the results in Table 3, the light oil compositions of Examples 1 and 2 are light oil compositions having an environmental load reducing ability that is superior in fuel efficiency and low temperature startability compared to the light oil composition of Comparative Example 1. It is clear that it is possible to provide a high-quality fuel that can simultaneously achieve a high level of excellent fuel efficiency and low-temperature startability in an excellent winter environment that has been difficult to realize with conventional light oil compositions. it can.

(Diesel combustion test)
Using the vehicle 1, the test mode shown in FIG. 1 was run, and NOx, smoke, and fuel consumption at that time were measured. The results were evaluated by relatively comparing each result with the result obtained when the fuel of Comparative Example 1 was used as 100 (a smaller value indicates a better result).

(Low temperature startability test)
(1) Flushing (cleaning) the fuel system of the test diesel vehicle with the evaluation fuel on the chassis dynamometer that can control the environmental temperature using the vehicle 1 and (2) extracting the flushing fuel ( 3) Replace the main filter with a new one, and (4) paste the specified amount of fuel for evaluation (1/2 of the fuel tank capacity of the vehicle under test) into the fuel tank. Then, (5) rapidly cool the ambient temperature from room temperature to 0 ° C, (6) hold at 0 ° C for 1 hour, and (7) until it reaches a predetermined temperature (-10 ° C) at a cooling rate of 1 ° C / h. Slowly cool and (8) hold the engine at a predetermined temperature for 1 hour, and then start the engine. If the engine does not start even after 10 seconds of cranking is repeated twice at 30-second intervals, it is determined as impossible (x) at this time. If the engine is started while cranking is repeated twice, the engine is kept idle for 3 minutes, and then the vehicle speed is shifted to 60 km / h over 15 seconds, and the vehicle is operated at a low speed. If a malfunction (hunting, stumble, vehicle speed reduction, engine stop, etc.) is observed when the vehicle is traveling at a speed of 60 km / h for 20 minutes, it will be disabled (x) at that time, and it will run without any problems until the end. If yes, it was determined to be acceptable (O).

(Vehicle specifications): Vehicle 1
Engine type: In-line 4-cylinder diesel engine with supercharged EGR with intercooler Displacement: 1.4L
Inner diameter x process: 73 mm x 81.4 mm
Compression ratio: 18.5 (improved to 16.0)
Maximum output: 72kW / 4000rpm
Regulatory compliance: 2002 exhaust gas regulatory compliance Vehicle weight: exhaust emissions Mission: 5MT
Post-processing equipment: oxidation catalyst

It is a figure which shows the transient operation mode which simulated real driving | running | working.

Claims (4)

The FT synthetic base is contained in an amount of 60% by volume or more based on the total amount of the light oil composition, the sulfur content is 5 mass ppm or less, the aromatic content is 10% by volume or less, the oxygen content is 100 ppm or less, and the density is 760 kg / m ³ or more and 840 kg / m ³ or less, distillation property 90% distillation temperature is 280 ° C. or more and 350 ° C. or less, end point is 360 ° C. or less, total insoluble content after accelerated oxidation test is 0.5 mg / 100 mL or less, HFRR wear Normal paraffin content having a scar diameter (WS1.4) of 400 μm or less, a clouding point of −3 ° C. or less, a clogging point of −10 ° C. or less, a pour point of −12.5 ° C. or less, and a carbon number of 20 to 30 sum is less than 4 mass% or more 6 wt%, and the sum of the sum of the normal paraffin content of from 20 to 30 carbon atoms content of hydrocarbons other than normal paraffins from 20 to 30 carbon atoms And the normal paraffin content (CnP) at each carbon number from 20 to 25 carbon atoms is C20P>C21P>C22P>C23P>C24P> C25P A light oil characterized in that a relationship of (C24P-C25P) / C24P> (C22P-C23P) / C22P> (C20P-C21P) / C20P is established, and an additive is added according to the following steps 1 and 2. A method for producing the composition.
(Step 1) 20 mg / L or more and 300 mg / L or less of a lubricity improver comprising a fatty acid and / or a fatty acid ester as an active ingredient is added to and mixed with the light oil composition by line blending, forced stirring, or standing still in a sufficient place. To do.
(Step 2) 20 mg / L or more and 1000 mg / L or less of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and / or a low-temperature fluidity improver having a surface-active effect as an active ingredient is subjected to line blending, forced stirring, or standing still in a sufficiently static place Add to the light oil composition and mix. Between Step 1 and Step 2, a detergent composed of a polyetheramine compound, a polybutenylamine compound, an alkenyl succinic acid amide compound, an alkenyl succinimide compound, and the like is lined at 20 mg / L or more and 500 mg / L or less. The method for producing a light oil composition according to claim 1, comprising a step of adding and mixing by blending, forced stirring, or standing in a sufficiently static place. The gas oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an additive not containing a chemical substance having a melting point of 10 ° C or higher is used as a solvent for the lubricity improver, the detergent and the low temperature fluidity improver . Manufacturing method . Peroxide value after accelerated oxidation test is 50 mass ppm or less, kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. is 2.5 mm ² / s to 5.0 mm ² / s, cetane index is 45 or more, and moisture is 100 ppm by volume or less. The method for producing a light oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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