JP5076533B2 - Drive device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drive device, and more particularly to a drive device used as a timepiece or a radio wave correction timepiece incorporating a power generation device using electromagnetic induction.

In recent years, a timepiece with an electromagnetic generator that has a built-in generator having a power generation coil, generates power using electromagnetic induction, stores generated power, and uses it as a power source for driving has been commercialized (for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-147167 A

In the conventional electromagnetic generator timepiece, the leakage magnetic field at the time of power generation by the generator motor is large, and the influence of the leakage magnetic field on the timepiece electromagnetic motor is not limited, the watch body stops due to the leakage magnetic field, There was a possibility of delay of the display time.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a drive device that can perform accurate time display even during power generation.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a power generation unit that has a power generation coil and converts kinetic energy generated by the operation of a rotating weight into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction, a power storage unit that stores the electrical energy, A drive unit that drives a mechanical mechanism using a piezoelectric actuator to which energy is supplied, and the power generation unit includes the power generation coil, a side, a power generation rotor, and a power generation stator, and the rotating weight includes the power generation unit. A coil, the power generation rotor, and the power generation stator are disposed on the opposite side of the piezoelectric actuator, and the piezoelectric actuator is orthogonal to a projection perpendicular to the thickness direction of the driving device. , substantially overlaps with the power generation rotor and the generator stator, and providing a distance between said generator rotor and the generator stator Is arranged, the drive unit, the power generating unit even while being converted into electric energy by using electromagnetic induction kinetic energy, is characterized by driving the piezoelectric actuator.
According to the above configuration, the power generation unit converts kinetic energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction, and the power storage unit stores the electrical energy converted by the power generation unit.
As a result, the drive unit uses the piezoelectric actuator supplied with the electrical energy of the power storage unit as a drive source, and the power generation unit uses piezoelectric induction even when the kinetic energy is being converted into electrical energy. Drive the actuator.

  In these cases, one of the power generation unit and the piezoelectric actuator may be disposed on one surface side of the structural member, and the other may be disposed on the other surface side of the structural member. .

The piezoelectric actuator includes a vibration plate in which a plate-shaped piezoelectric element and a reinforcing plate are laminated, a fixing portion that fixes the vibration plate to a support, and a contact portion provided at a longitudinal end of the vibration plate. The piezoelectric element is expanded and contracted by the drive signal supplied to the piezoelectric element to cause the diaphragm to expand and contract in the longitudinal direction and to vibrate in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction. The driven body constituting the mechanical mechanism may be driven by the displacement of the abutting portion accompanying these vibrations.
Further, the mechanical mechanism may be configured as a time display unit for displaying time information.
Further, the mechanical mechanism may be configured as an analog display device that displays a physical quantity with an analog pointer.

  According to the present invention, even when the power generation unit is converting kinetic energy into electric energy using electromagnetic induction, the piezoelectric actuator is driven, so that the mechanical mechanism is in an operating state of the power generation unit. Can operate without being affected.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[1] First Embodiment First, a first embodiment will be described.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an analog electronic timepiece according to this embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a front plan view showing an analog electronic timepiece.
In the time measuring device according to the first embodiment, the control target of the driving device is the time display mechanism 5, and the time display mechanism 5 is operated by the piezoelectric actuator 41 that constitutes the driving device.
Here, the power supply unit 1 includes a power generation coil and a rotary weight, which will be described later, and generates power by converting the kinetic energy of the rotary weight into electrical energy by electromagnetic induction, and the AC generated by the power generation unit 1A. A rectifier circuit 1B that rectifies power to DC power and a secondary battery 1C that stores DC power after rectification are provided.

  In FIG. 1, in response to the electrical energy from the power supply unit 1, the oscillation circuit 201 of the electronic circuit 2 oscillates 32,768 Hz which is a reference signal. The reference signal of 32,768 Hz is set to 1 Hz in the frequency dividing circuit 202. A signal from the frequency dividing circuit 202 is sent to the control circuit 225. This control circuit 225 controls the drive pulse supply timing of the piezoelectric actuator 41 that is the drive source of the time display mechanism 5. Then, the control circuit 225 inputs a drive pulse command signal to the oscillation circuit 2361 that gives a drive pulse to the piezoelectric actuator 41.

  When a drive pulse command signal whose supply timing is controlled is input from the control circuit 225 to the oscillation circuit 2361, it is input to the motor drive circuit 2363 through the waveform shaping circuit 2362. This motor drive circuit 2363 supplies drive pulses to the piezoelectric actuator 41. The piezoelectric actuator 41 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy in accordance with the driving pulse, and urges the outer periphery of the driven body (rotor) 51 using the piezoelectric effect. The rotor 51 that is rotated by the bumping of the piezoelectric actuator 41 rotates the transmission mechanism (deceleration wheel train) 4 and drives the time display mechanism 5. The display of the time display mechanism 5 is corrected by the time adjustment device 8.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a main part of the timing device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the timing device.
The time measuring device 10 is a wristwatch, and a user uses a belt connected to the main body of the wristwatch around the wrist.
The timing device 10 roughly includes a power supply unit 1 (see FIG. 1), a timing unit to be described later, and an operation unit 14.

The power supply unit 1 of the timing device 10 includes a rotary weight 21, a rotary spindle 22, a power generation rotor intermediate wheel 23, a power generation rotor 24, a power generation stator 25, a power generation coil 26, a secondary battery 1C, and a secondary battery. A secondary battery plus terminal 27 and a secondary battery minus terminal 28 for electrically connecting the battery 1 </ b> C and the substrate, a rotary weight receiver 29, and a bearing 30 are provided. Here, the power generation rotor 24, the power generation stator 25, and the power generation coil 26 constitute a power generation unit 1A.
The timekeeping section is roughly divided into a piezoelectric actuator 41 for driving the second hand constituting the pointer, a transmission mechanism (wheel train section) 4 for transmitting a driving force for driving the pointer, and a quartz crystal for timekeeping. A vibrator 44 and a timing IC 45 that performs various timing processes based on a timing reference oscillation signal are provided.
The transmission mechanism 4 includes a rotor 51, a rotor pinion 52, a fifth wheel 53, a fourth wheel 54, a third wheel 55, a second wheel 56, an hour wheel 57, as in a normal analog timepiece. The second hand 61, the minute hand 62, the hour hand 63, the minute wheel 64, the rotor pressing member 65, and the train wheel bridge 66 are provided.

The operation unit 14 includes a winding stem 71, a setting lever 72, and a yoke 73, and can perform various settings including time setting and time correction as with other time measuring devices. The winding stem 71, the setting lever 72, and the yoke 73 are made of a steel member in order to achieve a more compact size.
Further, the time measuring device 10 includes a ground plate 75 and a circuit pressing plate 76 as structural parts.

Here, the positional relationship between the electromagnetic generator and the piezoelectric actuator will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the first embodiment, the power generation unit 1A assumes a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device 10, and the orthogonal projection on the plane overlaps the orthogonal projection of the piezoelectric actuator 41 on the plane. It is arranged at a position that does not fit.
With such an arrangement, the thickness of the time measuring device 10 can be reduced, and a thin wristwatch with an electromagnetic generator can be configured.

Here, the piezoelectric actuator constituting the drive device will be described.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the piezoelectric actuator.
As shown in FIG. 4, the piezoelectric actuator 41 is configured by sandwiching a reinforcing plate 115 such as a stainless steel plate between two plate-like piezoelectric elements 113 and 114. A fixing portion 41A (see FIG. 2), a contact portion 41B, and a balance portion 41C are integrally formed on the reinforcing plate 115. With this laminated structure, damage to the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 due to overamplitude and external force of the piezoelectric actuator 41 can be suppressed.
As shown in FIG. 4, electrodes 113A and 114A are arranged on the surfaces of the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114, respectively, and the voltage from the drive circuit 200 is applied to the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 via these electrodes 113A and 114A. Supplied.
When the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 113 and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric element 114 are opposite, the potentials of the upper surface, the center, and the lower surface are + V, −V, + V (or −V, + V, −V), respectively, in the drawing. In addition, when an AC drive signal is supplied from the drive circuit 200, the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 are displaced so as to expand and contract.

Here, the drive signal of + V and the drive signal of −V are AC signals whose phases are inverted. Therefore, the amplitude of vibration generated in the upper piezoelectric element 113 and the lower piezoelectric element 114 with respect to the reinforcing plate 115 is applied when 0 V is applied to the reinforcing plate 115 (the reinforcing plate 115 is connected to the ground of the drive circuit 200). Compared to the case of connecting to (1). In FIG. 4, for convenience of explanation, the power supply electrodes that come into contact with the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 are omitted, and only the electrodes 113 </ b> A and 114 </ b> A positioned on the outside are shown.
As the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114, lead zirconate titanate, crystal, lithium niobate, barium titanate, lead titanate, lead metaniobate, polyvinylidene fluoride, lead zinc niobate, lead scandium niobate, etc. are used. .

Next, the operation of the piezoelectric actuator 41 will be described.
When an AC drive signal is applied from the drive circuit 200 to the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 via the electrodes 113A and 114A, the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 generate vibrations that expand and contract in the longitudinal direction. In this case, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 5, the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 generate longitudinal vibrations that expand and contract in the longitudinal direction. As described above, when the piezoelectric actuator 41 is electrically excited by longitudinal vibration by applying the drive signal to the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114, the center of gravity of the piezoelectric actuator 41 is centered due to the unbalance of the weight balance of the piezoelectric actuator 41. A rotational moment is generated. As shown in FIG. 6, this rotational moment induces a secondary bending vibration in which the piezoelectric actuator 41 swings in the width direction. At this time, since the balance portion 41C is provided at the end of the piezoelectric actuator 41 opposite to the contact portion 41B, a larger bending vibration can be induced and a larger rotational moment is generated.

  Thus, by causing the piezoelectric actuator 41 to generate longitudinal vibration and bending vibration and combining the longitudinal vibration and the bending vibration, the contact portion between the contact portion 41B of the piezoelectric actuator 41 and the rotor 51 is shown in FIG. As shown, it will move along an elliptical orbit. When the contact portion 41B draws an elliptical orbit in the clockwise direction, when the contact portion 41B is in a position swelled to the rotor 51 side, the force that the contact portion 41B presses the rotor 51 increases. When the portion 41B swells to a position retracted from the rotor 51 side, the force with which the contact portion 41B pushes the rotor 51 is reduced. Therefore, the rotor 51 is rotationally driven in the displacement direction of the contact portion 41B while the pressing force of both is large, that is, when the contact portion 41B is in a position swelled to the rotor 51 side.

As described above, the piezoelectric actuator 41 rotationally drives the rotor 51 by an elliptical motion in which longitudinal vibration and bending vibration are combined. At this time, the rotor 51 is pressed against and contacts the contact portion of the second drive actuator by the second rotor pressing member 65 so that the rotor 51 is reliably rotated.
When the rotor 51 is driven to rotate, the rotor pinion 52 rotates, and the fifth wheel 53 engaged with the rotor pinion 52 is driven to rotate.
Furthermore, the fifth wheel 53 is engaged with the fourth wheel 54, and the second hand 61 fixed to the fourth wheel 54 is moved.

On the other hand, the third wheel 55 engaged with the fourth wheel 54 is driven to rotate.
Further, the third wheel 55 is engaged with the minute wheel 64 via the second wheel 56 and the second wheel 56, and is fixed to the minute hand 62 and the hour wheel 57 fixed to the second wheel 56. The hour hand 63 is moved.
The power supply unit 1 includes a rotary weight 21, a rotary spindle 22, a power generation rotor intermediate wheel 23, a power generation rotor 24, a power generation stator 25, a power generation coil 26, a secondary battery 1C, a secondary battery 1C, and a substrate. Secondary battery plus terminal 27 and secondary battery minus terminal 28, rotary weight receiver 29, and bearing 30. Here, the power generation rotor 24, the power generation stator 25, and the power generation coil 26 constitute a power generation unit 1A.

Next, the operation of the power supply unit 1 will be described.
When the rotating weight 21 of the power supply unit 1 rotates due to the movement of the user's hand of the timing device 10 or the like, the rotating spindle wheel 22 is rotatably supported integrally with the rotating weight 21 on the rotating weight receiver 29 via the bearing 30. Rotate.
The rotary spindle wheel 22 meshes with the power generation rotor intermediate wheel 23, and the power generation rotor intermediate wheel 23 rotates.
Furthermore, the power generation rotor intermediate wheel 23 meshes with the power generation rotor 24, and when the power generation rotor 24 rotates in the power generation stator 25, AC power is generated in the power generation coil 26 by electromagnetic induction.
At this time, the AC power generated by the power generation unit 1A is rectified to DC power by the rectifier circuit 1B (see FIG. 1) and stored in the secondary battery 1C.

The DC power stored in the secondary battery 1C is supplied to each part of the circuit via the secondary battery plus terminal 27 and the secondary battery minus terminal 28.
In the first embodiment, the secondary battery 1C is assumed to be a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device 10, and the piezoelectric actuator 41 and the power generation unit 1A are disposed so as not to overlap each other. desirable.
Further, it is desirable that the operation unit 14 is disposed so as to overlap the timepiece IC 45 on the assumption that a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device 10 is assumed. Further, since the winding stem 71, the setting lever 72, and the yoke 73 constituting the operation unit 14 are made of a steel member, the power generation unit is provided via the transmission mechanism 4 so as not to be magnetized. It is desirable to be disposed at a position facing 1A.
In the first embodiment, since the piezoelectric actuator is used to drive the pointer portion, it is not affected by electromagnetic noise due to power generation by the electromagnetic generator. Therefore, the driving of the pointer is not stopped and the display time is not delayed. In particular, even when the magnetic field of the power generating coil is set high, the time display is not affected by the time display and accurate display can be performed.

Moreover, even if the magnetic field of the power generation coil is set high, the electromagnetic step motor does not change the magnetic flow during power generation, so that highly efficient power generation can be performed.
In addition, since the piezoelectric actuator and the power generation unit (electromagnetic generator) can be arranged in substantially the same plane, and the piezoelectric actuator for driving the pointer can be arranged close to the power generation unit, the time measuring device can be reduced in size and thickness. Can be planned.
On the other hand, in order to arrange the electromagnetic stepping motors close to each other while improving the power generation performance of the power generation unit 1A, it is necessary to consider improvement in anti-magnetic properties in order to prevent malfunction of the electromagnetic stepping motor. As a countermeasure, for example, it is necessary to increase the number of turns of the coil of the electromagnetic step motor. As a result, the coil resistance of the electromagnetic step motor increases. Therefore, it is possible to improve the magnetic resistance of the electronic timepiece and to save energy. However, since the outer shape of the coil of the electromagnetic stepping motor is thick, there is a problem that the thickness cannot be increased up to the vicinity of the rotation center of the rotary weight, and as a result, the improvement in power generation performance is hindered. .

  On the other hand, in the first embodiment, the power generation unit 1A assumes a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device 10, and the orthogonal projection of the piezoelectric actuator 41 on this plane is on this plane. Since the orthogonal projections are arranged at positions where they do not overlap, the thickness can be increased to the vicinity of the rotation center of the rotary weight, the moment of inertia is increased, and the power generation performance can be improved.

[2] Second Embodiment In the first embodiment, the power generation unit 1A assumes a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the time measuring device 10 (a plane perpendicular to the paper surface), and a piezoelectric actuator on this plane. In this embodiment, the power generation unit 1A is arranged at a position where the orthogonal projection on the plane does not overlap with the 41 orthogonal projection.
On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the power generation unit 1A is configured such that at least part of the orthogonal projection on the plane is orthogonal to the orthogonal projection of the piezoelectric actuator 41 on the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device. It is embodiment in the case of arrange | positioning in the overlapping position.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the timing device of the second embodiment.
In FIG. 8, parts that are the same as those in FIG. 2 or FIG. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 80 denotes a small iron wheel and reference numeral 81 denotes a pinion wheel, which are used to mesh with each other by operating the winding stem 71 and correct the time.
The power generation unit 1A is assumed to be a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, and is disposed at a position where at least part of the orthogonal projection of the power generation unit 1A on this plane overlaps the orthogonal projection of the piezoelectric actuator 41 on this plane. Has been.

With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the size of the driving device such as a time measuring device. Further, since the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41 can be partially overlapped with each other, the capacity of the secondary battery 1C can be increased correspondingly, and the life of the driving device such as a time measuring device can be extended. Furthermore, since the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41 can be partially overlapped, electrical elements such as the secondary battery 1C and the electronic circuit 2 can be brought close to both the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41. . Therefore, the wiring distance of the entire circuit can be shortened, and the drive device can be driven to save energy. In addition, since the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41 can be arranged so as to overlap each other, another piezoelectric actuator can be arranged in this vacant space, so that the multi-function of the driving device can be achieved.
Further, similarly to the first embodiment, since the piezoelectric actuator is used to drive the pointer portion, there is no influence of electromagnetic noise due to power generation by the electromagnetic generator. Therefore, the driving of the pointer is not stopped and the display time is not delayed.

[3] Third Embodiment In the third embodiment, either one of the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41 is arranged on one surface side of a ground plate which is a structural member, and either one is placed on the other side of the ground plate. It is embodiment at the time of arrange | positioning on the surface side.
FIG. 9 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the timing device of the third embodiment. In FIG. 9, the same parts as those in FIG.
In FIG. 9, the power generation unit 1 </ b> A is an example in which the power generation unit 1 </ b> A is disposed on the back surface side (upper side in FIG. 9), and the piezoelectric actuator 41 is disposed on the front surface side (lower side in FIG. 9). .

  By adopting such a configuration, the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41 are assumed to be a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device 10, and this plane is orthogonal to the orthogonal projection of the piezoelectric actuator 41 on this plane. It can arrange | position in the position where the orthogonal projection of the electric power generation part 1A upwards overlaps, and it becomes possible to achieve size reduction of drive devices, such as a time measuring device. In addition, since the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41 can be arranged in an overlapping manner, the capacity of the secondary battery 1C can be increased correspondingly, and the life of a driving device such as a timing device can be extended.

Furthermore, since the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41 can be arranged to overlap each other, electrical elements such as the secondary battery 1C and the electronic circuit 2 can be brought close to both the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41. Therefore, the wiring distance of the entire circuit can be shortened, and the drive device can be driven to save energy. In addition, since the power generation unit 1A and the piezoelectric actuator 41 can be arranged so as to overlap each other, another piezoelectric actuator can be arranged in this vacant space, so that the multi-function of the driving device can be achieved.
Furthermore, since the piezoelectric actuator is used to drive the pointer portion as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, it is not affected by electromagnetic noise due to the power generation of the electromagnetic generator. And no delay in display time occurs.

[4] Modifications of First to Third Embodiments Although the specific configuration of the piezoelectric actuator 41 has not been described in the above description, the following modes are possible.
First, in order to improve the driving efficiency of the piezoelectric actuator 41, a configuration according to the following shape is adopted. That is, the dimensions of the piezoelectric actuator 41 are set as follows.
7 [mm] x 2 [mm] x thickness 0.4 [mm]
Here, two PZTs having a thickness of 0.15 [mm] are used as the piezoelectric elements, and a stainless copper plate having a thickness of 0.1 [mm] is used as the substrate.

By adopting such an aspect ratio of approximately 7 [mm] × 2 [mm], the resonance frequencies of the above-described longitudinal vibration and bending secondary vibration are substantially equal, and the elliptical drive can be performed efficiently.
In this case, the resonance frequency of the bending secondary vibration is preferably in the range of 0.97 to 1.03 times the resonance frequency of the longitudinal vibration.
For example, specifically, the resonance frequency is as follows.
Longitudinal vibration: 284.3 [kHz]
Bending secondary vibration: 288.6 [kHz] (1.015 times the longitudinal vibration resonance frequency)
According to the resonance frequency setting of this specific example, it was possible to obtain a good elliptical vibration in the piezoelectric actuator 41.

By the way, the resonance frequency of the longitudinal vibration and the resonance frequency of the bending secondary vibration can be easily controlled by the aspect ratio of the piezoelectric actuator 41. In the case of the above-described example, if the horizontal length is less than 2 [mm] while the vertical length (7 [mm]) is fixed, the difference in resonance frequency becomes small. Further, if the horizontal length exceeds 2 [mm], the difference in resonance frequency becomes large.
This is because, when only the lateral length is changed, there is no influence on the resonance frequency of the longitudinal vibration, whereas only the resonance frequency of the bending secondary vibration is changed.
More specifically, it varies depending on the Young's modulus of the piezoelectric element or the reinforcing plate. Therefore, it is known that the aspect ratio is preferably around 7: 2, although the optimization is required in accordance with them. In addition, the resonance frequency of the bending secondary vibration is lowered according to the mass of the contact portion 41B of the piezoelectric actuator 41.

Here, the setting of the optimum drive frequency will be described.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating frequency-impedance characteristics in a specific configuration of the piezoelectric actuator.
As shown in FIG. 10, the frequency-impedance characteristics of the piezoelectric actuator 41 include the minimum value of longitudinal vibration (resonance frequency of longitudinal vibration) f1, and the minimum value of bending secondary vibration (resonance frequency of bending secondary vibration) f2. , Has an anti-resonance frequency f0.
In the case of the above-described example, the resonance frequency f1 of longitudinal vibration is 284.3 [kHz], and the resonance frequency f2 of bending secondary vibration is 288.6 [kHz]. Therefore, by setting the drive frequency (excitation frequency) of the piezoelectric actuator 41 to 280 to 290 [kHz], it is possible to cause longitudinal vibration and bending secondary vibration simultaneously.

In this case, it is desirable that the frequency between the resonance frequency f1 of the longitudinal vibration and the resonance frequency f2 of the bending secondary vibration be the drive frequency of the piezoelectric actuator 41. In the case of the above example, the piezoelectric actuator drive frequency is
f1 = 284.3 [kHz] ≦ drive frequency ≦ f2 = 288.6 [kHz]
And it is sufficient.
More preferably, the drive frequency of the piezoelectric actuator is higher than the anti-resonance frequency f0 located between the resonance frequency f1 of the longitudinal vibration and the resonance frequency f2 of the bending secondary vibration, and the resonance frequency f2 of the bending secondary vibration. The frequency may be less than this.
That is,
f0 <drive frequency ≦ f2
And it is sufficient.
As a result, it is possible to obtain a larger elliptical vibration (combination vibration of longitudinal vibration and bending secondary vibration), and more efficient driving can be performed.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the electrode arrangement of the piezoelectric actuator.
As shown in FIG. 11, the piezoelectric actuator 400A of this modification is provided with only the full-surface electrode 404.
Then, instead of the contact portion 41B of the piezoelectric actuator 41 that is a vibrating body, the piezoelectric actuator 41 is provided with the contact portion 41B1 and the balance portion 41C1 at unbalanced positions, thereby mechanically creating an unbalanced state and longitudinal vibration. And the bending secondary vibration is generated.
In this modification, two contact portions 41B1 and balance portion 41C1 are provided as the contact portions, but only one contact portion 41B1 may be provided.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of electrode arrangement of another piezoelectric actuator.
In the modification of FIG. 11, the entire surface electrode 404 is provided. However, as shown in FIG. 11, the piezoelectric actuator 400 </ b> B of this modification is a drive disposed at a position connecting the contact part 41 </ b> B <b> 1 and the balance part 41 </ b> C <b> 1. The electrode 405 and the detection electrode pair 406 may be provided.
By adopting such a configuration, when a drive voltage is applied to the drive electrode 405, longitudinal vibration of the piezoelectric element is excited, and an unbalance occurs in the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric element. Further, the bending secondary vibration is more reliably excited by the mechanical unbalanced state by the contact part 41B1 and the balance part 41C1.
Then, the longitudinal vibration and the bending secondary vibration are combined to generate an elliptical vibration.
The detection electrode pair 406 can be controlled more accurately by using it as a detection electrode for detecting a vibration state for the same reason as in the above modification.
In the above description, the rotor is driven in one direction. However, the rotor may be driven in both the forward direction and the reverse direction.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the electrode arrangement of the piezoelectric actuator when driving in both the forward and reverse directions.
In the electrode arrangement of the piezoelectric actuator 400C of this modification, as shown in FIG. 13, a central electrode 401 and two pairs of electrode pairs 402 and 403 arranged so as to intersect with the central electrode 401 are provided. It is configured to provide.
In order to adopt such a configuration and to drive the ellipse in the first direction (positive direction), driving is performed by applying a driving voltage to the central electrode 401 and the electrode pair 402. A drive voltage is not applied to the electrode pair 403.

As a result, longitudinal vibration is excited by the center electrode 401, but the drive voltage is applied only to the electrode pair 402 of the electrode pairs 402 and 403, thereby causing unbalance in the expansion and contraction of the longitudinal vibration of the piezoelectric element. The bending secondary vibration corresponding to the direction of 1 is excited.
Then, the longitudinal vibration and the bending secondary vibration are combined, and the elliptical vibration of the contact portion 341B is generated in the first direction.

On the other hand, in order to drive the contact portion 341 </ b> B in the second direction (reverse direction) in an elliptical manner, a driving voltage is applied to the central electrode 401 and the electrode pair 403 to drive. A drive voltage is not applied to the electrode pair 402.
As a result, longitudinal vibration is excited by the center electrode 401. However, when a drive voltage is applied only to the electrode pair 403 of the electrode pairs 402 and 403, an unbalance occurs in the expansion and contraction caused by the longitudinal vibration of the piezoelectric element. The bending secondary vibration corresponding to the second direction is excited.
Then, the longitudinal vibration and the bending secondary vibration are combined to generate an elliptical vibration in the second direction.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the electrode arrangement of another piezoelectric actuator when driving in both the forward and reverse directions.
In the modified example, the central electrode 401 and the two pairs of electrodes 402 and 403 are provided. However, in the piezoelectric actuator 400D of the other modified example, as shown in FIG. Only two electrode pairs 402 and 403 are provided.
In such a configuration, in order to elliptically drive the contact portion 341B in the first direction (positive direction), the electrode pair 402 is driven by applying a driving voltage. A drive voltage is not applied to the electrode pair 403.

As a result, the drive voltage is applied to the electrode pair 402 to excite the longitudinal vibration of the piezoelectric element, and the piezoelectric element expands and contracts, and the bending secondary vibration corresponding to the first direction is excited. The Rukoto.
Then, the longitudinal vibration and the bending secondary vibration are combined to generate an elliptical vibration in the first direction.

On the other hand, in order to drive the contact portion 341 </ b> B in the second direction (reverse direction) in an elliptical manner, the electrode pair 403 is driven by applying a driving voltage. A drive voltage is not applied to the electrode pair 402.
As a result, the driving voltage is applied to the electrode pair 403 to excite the longitudinal vibration of the piezoelectric element, and unbalanced expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric element occur, and the bending secondary vibration corresponding to the second direction is excited. The Rukoto.
Then, the longitudinal vibration and the bending secondary vibration are combined to generate an elliptical vibration in the second direction.
Even in these cases, the electrode pair to which the drive voltage is not applied is preferably used as a detection electrode for detecting the vibration state for the same reason as in the above modification.

In the above description, the support portion of the piezoelectric actuator has not been described in detail, but the vibration loss is reduced by supporting the central portion that is the node of both the longitudinal vibration and the bending secondary vibration. Is possible.
In the above description, the case where the driving device is applied to the timing device has been described. However, a display other than time information, for example, a physical quantity in the natural world such as temperature and pressure, or a biological information measurement amount related to a living body such as a pulse rate and a respiration rate. The present invention can also be applied to an analog display device that displays an image with an analog pointer, and other drive devices having a mechanical mechanism that moves the arm of a doll.

[5] Effects of First to Third Embodiments As described above, according to the first to third embodiments, the power generation unit converts kinetic energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. In the timing device, the piezoelectric actuator is used as the drive source of the time display unit, so that the time display unit is not affected by the power generation operation of the power generation unit, and an accurate time display can be performed.

[6] Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment will be described.
FIG. 15 is a plan view of a main part of the time measuring device according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view (No. 1) of the timing device according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view (No. 2) of the timing device according to the fourth embodiment.
The time measuring device 210 is a wristwatch, and the user uses a belt connected to the main body of the wristwatch around the wrist.
The timing device 210 roughly includes a receiving circuit unit 211, a power supply unit 212, a timing unit 213, and an operation unit 214.

The reception circuit unit 211 includes a first reception crystal resonator 221 that generates a first reference oscillation signal, a second reception crystal resonator 222 that generates a second reference oscillation signal, a first reference oscillation signal, and a second reference oscillation signal. A reception processing IC 223 that performs reception processing based on the reference oscillation signal and a coil antenna 224 that receives external transmission radio waves are provided.
The power supply unit 212 includes a battery 231 that supplies power, and a battery terminal 232 that electrically connects the battery 231 and the substrate.
The time-counting unit 213 is roughly divided into a second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 for driving the second hand constituting the pointer, an hour / minute drive piezoelectric actuator 242 for driving the hour / minute hand constituting the pointer, and the pointer for driving the pointer. A gear train 243 for transmitting the driving force, a reference oscillation signal crystal oscillator 244 for timing, and a timing IC 245 for performing various timing processes based on the reference oscillation signal for timing.

The train wheel portion 243 includes a second rotor 251, a second rotor pinion 252, a second intermediate wheel 253, a second wheel 254, a second hand 255, and a second rotor pressing member 256, similarly to a normal analog timepiece. Yes. Further, the train wheel portion 243 includes an hour / minute rotor 261, an hour / minute rotor pinion 262, a first hour / minute intermediate wheel 263, a second hour / minute intermediate wheel 264, a second wheel 265, a minute hand 266, and an hour wheel. 267, hour hand 268, minute wheel 269, and rotor pressing portion 270.
The operation unit 214 includes a winding stem 271, a first switch 272, a second switch 273, a setting lever 274, and a yoke 275, and various types including time setting and time correction as in a general timing device. Settings can be made.

Here, the positional relationship between the coil antenna and the second drive piezoelectric actuator will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17.
In the fourth embodiment, the coil antenna 224 is assumed to be a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device 210, and with respect to the orthogonal projection of the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 and the hour / minute drive piezoelectric actuator 242 on this plane, The orthogonal projections on the plane are arranged at positions where they do not overlap and at a predetermined distance D1 (FIG. 17) in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

With such an arrangement, the thickness of the time measuring device 210 can be reduced, and a thin watch can be configured.
In this case, the configuration of the second drive piezoelectric actuator and the hour / minute drive piezoelectric actuator is the same as that shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 and FIG. 11 to FIG.

Here, the operation of the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 will be described.
When an AC drive signal is applied from the drive circuit 200 to the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 via the electrodes 113A and 114A, the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 generate vibrations that expand and contract in the longitudinal direction. In this case, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 5, the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114 generate longitudinal vibrations that expand and contract in the longitudinal direction. As described above, when the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 is electrically excited by longitudinal vibration by applying the drive signal to the piezoelectric elements 113 and 114, the center of gravity of the piezoelectric actuator 241 is determined by the unbalance of the weight balance of the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241. Rotation moment around the center is generated. This rotational moment induces a bending secondary vibration in which the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 swings in the width direction as shown in FIG. At this time, since the balance portion 41C is provided at the end opposite to the contact portion 41B of the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241, a larger bending vibration can be induced and a larger rotational moment is generated.

In this way, longitudinal vibration and bending vibration are generated in the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 to synthesize the longitudinal vibration and the bending vibration. As a result, the contact portion between the contact portion 41B of the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 and the second rotor 251 moves along an elliptical orbit as shown in FIG. When the contact portion 41B draws a clockwise elliptical orbit, the force by which the contact portion 41B pushes the second rotor 251 increases when the contact portion 41B swells to the second rotor 251 side. On the other hand, when the contact portion 41B swells to a position retracted from the second rotor 251 side, the force with which the contact portion 41B pushes the second rotor 251 is reduced.
Therefore, while the pressing force between the two is large, that is, when the contact portion 41B is in a position swelled toward the second rotor 251, the second rotor 251 is rotationally driven in the displacement direction of the contact portion 41B.

As described above, the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 rotationally drives the second rotor 251 by an elliptical motion in which longitudinal vibration and bending vibration are combined. At this time, the second rotor 251 is pressed against and in contact with the contact portion of the second drive actuator by the second rotor pressing member 256. Therefore, the second rotor 251 is reliably rotated.
When the second rotor 251 is rotationally driven, the second rotor pinion 252 rotates. Then, the second intermediate wheel 253 meshing with the second rotor pinion 252 is driven to rotate.
Further, the second intermediate wheel 253 is engaged with the second wheel 254, and the second hand 255 fixed to the second wheel 254 is moved.

On the other hand, the hour / minute drive piezoelectric actuator 242 rotationally drives the hour / minute rotor 261 by an elliptical motion in which longitudinal vibration and bending vibration are combined. At this time, the hour / minute rotor 261 is pressed against and in contact with the contact portion of the hour / minute driving piezoelectric actuator by the hour / minute rotor pressing member 270. Therefore, the hour and minute rotor 261 is reliably rotated.
When the hour / minute rotor 261 is driven to rotate, the hour / minute rotor pinion 262 rotates. Then, the first hour / minute intermediate wheel 263 meshing with the hour / minute rotor pinion 262 is driven to rotate.
Further, the first hour / minute intermediate wheel 263 meshes with the second hour / minute intermediate wheel 264, and the second hour / minute intermediate wheel 264 is rotationally driven.
The second hour / minute intermediate wheel 264 meshes with the minute wheel 269 via the second wheel 265 and the second wheel 265, and is fixed to the minute hand 266 and the hour wheel 267 fixed to the second wheel 265. The hour hand 268 is moved.

Next, the operation of the receiving circuit unit will be described.
The first receiving crystal resonator 221 of the receiving circuit unit 211 generates a first reference oscillation signal corresponding to a long-wave standard radio wave of 40 kHz in Japan and outputs the first reference oscillation signal to the reception processing IC 223. Similarly, the second receiving crystal resonator 222 generates a second reference oscillation signal corresponding to the 60 kHz long wave standard radio wave and outputs the second reference oscillation signal to the reception processing IC 223.
In parallel with this, for example, the coil antenna 224 configured as a ferrite antenna receives a long-wave standard radio wave on which time data is superimposed.
The reception processing IC 223 demodulates the long wave standard radio wave received by the coil antenna 224 as time data, stores the time data, and notifies the timing IC.
The reception processing IC 223 includes an AGC (Automatic Gain Control) circuit, an amplifier circuit, a band pass filter, a demodulation circuit, and a decoding circuit (not shown).

The amplification circuit of the reception processing IC 223 amplifies the long wave standard radio wave signal received by the coil antenna 224 under the gain control by the AGC circuit and outputs the amplified signal to the band pass filter.
The band-pass filter extracts only a predetermined frequency component from the amplified long wave standard radio signal and outputs it to the demodulation circuit.
The demodulating circuit smoothes and demodulates a predetermined frequency component of the input long wave standard radio wave signal and outputs it to the decoding circuit.
The decoding circuit decodes the demodulated long wave standard radio signal and outputs it as a reception output signal.
At this time, the AGC circuit controls the gain of the amplifier circuit based on the output signal of the demodulator circuit so that the reception level of the long wave standard radio wave signal becomes constant.

At this time, when a power save mode signal, which is a signal for performing control to reduce power consumption, is supplied from the timing IC 245, and the reception processing IC 223 does not require an operation, the reception operation is turned off. To be controlled.
Usually, the reception processing IC 223 is controlled by the power save mode signal so as to perform reception about once a day. If the time data cannot be normally received at that time, the receiving operation is repeated a plurality of times.
In the fourth embodiment, since the piezoelectric actuator is used to drive the pointer portion, there is no generation of electromagnetic noise and there is no influence on reception of the long wave standard radio wave. For this reason, the receiving operation in the receiving circuit unit 211 can be performed in parallel with the pointer driving operation of the time measuring unit 213.
Therefore, according to the fourth embodiment, the time can be adjusted by receiving the longwave standard radio wave at any time. Furthermore, it is not necessary to provide a control and a circuit for stopping the pointer driving during the receiving operation, and the control and the circuit configuration can be simplified.

[7] Fifth Embodiment In the fourth embodiment, the coil antenna 224 is assumed to be a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device 210 (a plane perpendicular to the paper surface), and is driven second on this plane. This is an embodiment in which the orthogonal projection on the plane is not overlapped with the orthogonal projection of the piezoelectric actuator 241 and is spaced a predetermined distance in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.
On the other hand, in the fifth embodiment, the coil antenna is used for the orthogonal projection of at least one of the second drive piezoelectric actuator and the hour / minute drive piezoelectric actuator onto a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the timing device. This is an embodiment in the case where at least a part of the orthogonal projection on the plane overlaps and is spaced apart by a predetermined distance in the thickness direction.

FIG. 18 is a partial cross-sectional view of the time measuring device according to the fifth embodiment. In FIG. 18, the same parts as those in FIG. 16 or FIG.
The coil antenna 224 is assumed to be a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction, and at least a part of the orthogonal projection of the coil antenna 224 on the plane overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the second drive piezoelectric actuator 241 on this plane, In addition, they are arranged at a predetermined distance D2 apart in the thickness direction.
With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the size of the timing device.
Further, as in the fourth embodiment, the time can be adjusted by receiving the longwave standard radio wave at any time.
Furthermore, it is not necessary to provide a control and a circuit for stopping the pointer driving during the receiving operation, and the control and the circuit configuration can be simplified.

[8] Modifications of Fourth Embodiment and Fifth Embodiment In the above description, the case of a receiving device that receives a longwave standard radio wave as a communication unit has been described. However, the wireless communication device that performs reception and transmission is configured. Is also possible.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the second drive piezoelectric actuator and the hour / minute drive piezoelectric actuator are provided has been described, but three piezoelectric actuators for separately driving the second hand, the minute hand, and the hour hand, respectively, It is also possible to provide a single piezoelectric actuator that drives all the minute and hour hands.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the ferrite coil antenna 224 is used as an antenna for receiving the long wave standard radio wave on which the time information is superimposed. However, the FM multiplex broadcasting (from 76 MHz) on which the time information is superimposed is used. 108 MHz), a loop antenna or a ferrite antenna may be used. When a radio wave (1.5 GHz) superimposed with time information from a GPS satellite is received, a microstrip antenna or a helical antenna is used. An antenna may be used.

  In the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment described above, the time display of the hour, minute and second is automatically corrected based on the long wave standard radio wave on which the time information is superimposed. Not only the time display but also the date display may be automatically corrected. As mentioned above, since the long wave standard radio wave also includes date information, when a piezoelectric actuator for calendar display drive is provided in addition to the piezoelectric actuator for the hour / minute / second display drive, the long wave standard radio wave is based on the long wave standard radio wave. The date display can be automatically corrected. In this case, an element for detecting the calendar display position may be added.

In the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment described above, the long wave standard radio wave is received as the radio wave on which the time information is superimposed. However, instead of the long wave standard radio wave, a GPS signal, FLEX-TD foreskin is used. It is also possible to use various signals such as a machine pager signal, FM multiplexed signal, and CDMA signal.
As described above, according to the fourth embodiment or the fifth embodiment, since the piezoelectric actuator is used as the driving source of the hour display unit, the communication unit communicates with an external communication device through an antenna. The time display operation and the communication operation can be performed in parallel without affecting the communication processing in the network.
Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a control and a circuit for stopping the hour display operation during the communication operation, and the control and the circuit configuration can be simplified.

It is a block diagram of the timing device according to the first embodiment. It is a principal part top view of the time measuring device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a partial cross section figure of the time measuring device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a structure explanatory view of a piezoelectric actuator. It is a side view of a piezoelectric actuator. It is a top view of a piezoelectric actuator. It is an enlarged view of the contact part of a piezoelectric actuator. It is a partial cross section figure of the time measuring device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a partial cross section figure of the time measuring device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the frequency-impedance characteristic in the specific structure of a piezoelectric actuator. It is explanatory drawing of an example of electrode arrangement | positioning of a piezoelectric actuator. It is explanatory drawing of the electrode arrangement | positioning of another piezoelectric actuator. It is explanatory drawing of the electrode arrangement | positioning of a piezoelectric actuator in the case of driving in both the forward direction / reverse direction. It is explanatory drawing of the electrode arrangement | positioning of the other piezoelectric actuator in the case of driving in both the forward direction / reverse direction. It is a principal part plane of the time measuring device which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a partial cross section figure (1) of the timing device which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a partial cross section figure (the 2) of a time measuring device concerning a 4th embodiment. It is a partial cross section figure of the time measuring device which concerns on 5th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power supply part, 1A ... Power generation part, 1B ... Rectifier circuit, 1C ... Secondary battery, 2 ... Electronic circuit, 4 ... Transmission mechanism, 5 ... Time display mechanism, 8 ... Time adjustment device, 10 ... Timekeeping device, 14 ... Operation part, 21 ... Rotating weight, 22 ... Rotating weight wheel, 23 ... Power generation rotor intermediate wheel, 24 ... Power generation rotor, 25 ... Power generation stator, 26 ... Power generation coil, 27 ... Secondary battery positive terminal, 28 ... Secondary battery negative Terminals 29... Rotating weight receivers 30. Bearings 41. Piezoelectric actuators 41 A... Fixed portions 41 B... Contact portions 41 C. Balance portions 44. ... 5th car, 54 ... 4th car, 55 ... 3rd car, 56 ... 2nd car, 57 ... Hour wheel, 61 ... Second hand, 62 ... Minute hand, 63 ... Hour hand, 64 ... Back wheel, 65 ... Second rotor press Member 66 ... train wheel bridge 71 ... winding stem 75 ... ground plate 113 ... pressure Element 113A ... Electrode 114 ... Piezoelectric element 115 ... Reinforcement plate 200 ... Drive circuit 202 ... Frequency divider circuit 210 ... Timing device 211 ... Receiving circuit unit 212 ... Power source unit 213 ... Timer unit 214 ... Operation unit, 221... First receiving crystal resonator, 222... Second receiving crystal resonator, 224... Coil antenna, 225... Control circuit, 231. ... hour / minute drive piezoelectric actuator, 243 ... train wheel section, 244 ... reference oscillation signal crystal resonator, 251 ... second rotor, 253 ... second wheel, 254 ... second wheel, 255 ... second hand, 256 ... second rotor pressing member, 261 ... hour / minute rotor, 263 ... first hour / minute intermediate wheel, 264 ... second hour / minute intermediate wheel, 265 ... second wheel, 266 ... minute hand, 267 ... hour wheel, 268 ... hour hand, 269 ... back wheel, 27 ... hour / minute rotor pressing member, 271 ... winding stem, 272 ... first switch, 273 ... second switch, 341B ... contact portion, 400A ... piezoelectric actuator, 400B ... piezoelectric actuator, 400C ... piezoelectric actuator, 400D ... piezoelectric actuator, 401 ... center electrode, 402 ... electrode pair, 403 ... electrode pair, 405 ... drive electrode, 406 ... detection electrode pair, 41B1 ... contact part, 41C1 ... balance part, 2361 ... oscillation circuit, 2362 ... waveform shaping circuit, 2363 ... Motor drive circuit.

Claims (5)

A power generation unit that has a power generation coil and converts kinetic energy generated by the operation of the rotating weight into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction, a power storage unit that stores the electrical energy, and a piezoelectric actuator that is supplied with the electrical energy of the power storage unit A drive source, and a drive unit that drives a mechanical mechanism,
The power generation unit includes the power generation coil and the side, and a power generation rotor and a power generation stator, and the rotating weight is disposed on the opposite side of the piezoelectric actuator across the power generation coil, the power generation rotor, and the power generation stator,
To said piezoelectric actuator orthogonal projection onto a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the driving device, the power generation coil, substantially overlaps with the power generation rotor and the generator stator, and between the generator rotor and the generator stator Placed at a distance,
The drive unit according to claim 1, wherein the drive unit drives the piezoelectric actuator even when the power generation unit is converting kinetic energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. The drive device according to claim 1,
One of the power generation unit and the piezoelectric actuator is disposed on one surface side of the structural member, and the other is disposed on the other surface side of the structural member. The drive device according to claim 1 or 2,
The piezoelectric actuator includes a vibration plate in which a plate-like piezoelectric element and a reinforcing plate are laminated, a fixing portion that fixes the vibration plate to a support, and a contact portion that is provided at a longitudinal end portion of the vibration plate. And
Due to the drive signal supplied to the piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element is expanded and contracted to cause the diaphragm to expand and contract in the longitudinal direction and to vibrate in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction. A driving device that drives a driven body constituting the mechanical mechanism by displacement of the contact portion. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The drive mechanism characterized in that the mechanical mechanism is configured as a time display unit for displaying time information. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The drive mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical mechanism is configured as an analog display device that displays a physical quantity with an analog pointer.

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