JP5047939B2 - Fluidized bed equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluidized bed apparatus for granulating, coating, and drying a granular material in various fields such as pharmaceutical production, food production, and agricultural chemical production.

  In general, a fluidized bed apparatus performs granulation, coating, and drying while forming a fluidized bed by floating and flowing powder particles in a fluidized bed container with a gas (fluidized gas) introduced from the bottom of the fluidized bed container. Is what you do. This type of fluidized bed apparatus includes those accompanied by rolling, jetting, stirring, and the like of powder particles (referred to as a combined fluidized bed apparatus). There are a rolling fluidized bed apparatus in which a rotating body is disposed at the bottom of a bed container, and a Wurster fluidized bed apparatus in which a draft tube (inner tower) is installed inside the fluidized bed container.

  In the fluidized bed equipment used for the processing of granular materials, it is obliged by the Industrial Safety and Health Regulations to provide an explosion-dissipating door as a protective measure in the event of a dust explosion or solvent gas explosion. This explosion-spreading door intentionally opens a part of the fluidized bed container to reduce the explosion pressure and protect the device during the explosion, and is roughly divided into a bursting plate type, a release panel type, and a hinge door type. There are three types. The bursting plate type is a method in which a thin plate made of metal, resin, or the like covering the opening of the fluidized bed container is ruptured by an explosion pressure to generate an opening. The hinge door type is a method in which a door supported by a hinge is opened by an explosion pressure to create an opening. The separation panel type is a method in which a panel fitted or pressed into the opening of the fluidized bed container is separated by explosion pressure to generate an opening.

For example, the following Patent Documents 1 to 4 disclose a configuration in which an explosion diffusion door is provided on the upper wall of a fluidized bed container.
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-16827 JP 2001-817 A JP 2002-172320 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-259999

  The detachable panel type explosion diffusion door is usually attached to the opening of the upper wall of the fluidized bed container with a specially shaped packing, and is fixed by the contact surface pressure of the packing against the explosion diffusion door and the upper wall. Therefore, there are the following problems.

  Due to the secular change of the packing, the diffusion pressure at which the explosion diffusion door opens is changed.

  During the processing operation of the granular material, the granular material particle may leak to the outside through the contact portion with the packing, and the granular material particle is likely to remain in the contact portion, so the activity value is particularly high. When handling drugs, it is difficult to ensure work safety. In addition, air may flow from the outside during operation, which may hinder the powder processing operation. Furthermore, at the time of cleaning, the contact portion is not sufficiently cleaned, causing contamination.

  In addition, the hinged door type explosion-dissipating door using the toggle mechanism as described in Patent Document 4 has many operating parts (such as a link node) in the toggle mechanism, and the dust is caused to enter the operating part. , The diffusion pressure of the explosion diffusion door may fluctuate. Moreover, it may be difficult to accurately set the diffusion pressure of the explosion-diffusing door due to variations in the frictional force at the operating location.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a configuration in which leakage of particulate particles to the outside, inflow of air from the outside, and penetration or retention of the particulate particles to the mounting portion of the explosion-dispersion door are unlikely to occur.

  The other subject of this invention is providing the structure excellent in the washing | cleaning property of the mounting part of an explosion diffusion door.

  The further subject of this invention is providing the structure which can set the diffusion pressure of an explosion diffusion door correctly, and there are few fluctuation | variation with time of a diffusion pressure.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fluidized bed apparatus that performs at least one of granulation, coating, and drying while floating and flowing a granular material with a gas in a fluidized bed container. An explosion-dispersing door is mounted on the wall portion so that it can be opened and closed by a fixture. A seal member that seals between the wall portion and the explosion-diffusing door is disposed in the seal mounting portion. The mounting portion has a pair of tapered inner surfaces inclined in a direction in which the distance between the mounting portions gradually decreases toward the opening, and the seal member includes at least a pair of tapered inner surfaces, Provided is a configuration in close contact with the inner surface of the seal mounting portion facing the opening.

  In the above configuration, the fixing device includes a plunger provided on one of the wall portion and the explosion diffusion door, and a contact member provided on the other of the wall portion and the explosion diffusion door, facing the plunger, The plunger may have a plunger pin that is in pressure contact with the contact member, and the contact member may have a sliding surface that is in pressure contact with the plunger pin and is inclined toward the plunger toward the outside of the fluidized bed container. In this case, the sliding surface of the abutting member may be provided continuously from the abutting portion of the abutting member to which the plunger pin is in pressure contact to the outside of the fluidized bed container in a state where the explosion release door is closed. .

  According to the present invention, the airtightness of the mounting part of the explosion-dispersing door is high, and the leakage of the particulate particles to the outside, the inflow of air from the outside, and the retention of the particulate particles in the mounting part of the explosion-dispersing door are suppressed. can do.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the mounting portion of the explosion-dispersing door can be easily and sufficiently cleaned, so that the problem of contamination hardly occurs.

  In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately set the diffusion pressure of the explosion diffusion door and to reduce the fluctuation of the diffusion pressure with time.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a configuration example of a fluidized bed apparatus according to this embodiment.

  The fluidized bed container 1 is disposed above the processing chamber 2 for processing the granular material M, for example, granulating or coating the granular material M, and a filter unit 3 for solid-gas separation. A filter chamber 4, an upper chamber 5 located above the filter chamber 4, an upper wall 6 that partitions the filter chamber 4 and the upper chamber 5, and an exhaust chamber 7 provided above the filter portion 3. Yes.

  At the bottom of the processing chamber 2, a gas dispersion plate 2 a made up of a perforated plate (or metal mesh) such as punching metal is disposed. The gas A such as hot air supplied from the air supply duct 8 to the air supply chamber 9 is introduced into the fluidized bed container 1 through the gas dispersion plate 2a. A spray nozzle 10 for spraying a spray liquid (film agent liquid, binder liquid, etc.) is installed in the upper part of the processing chamber 2.

  In this embodiment, the filter unit 3 includes a plurality of cartridge type filters 3a and a support member 3b that supports the plurality of cartridge type filters 3a. The cartridge type filter 3a is, for example, a filter medium in which a permeable pleated resin sheet or the like is formed into a cylindrical shape, a retainer in which the filter medium is extrapolated, an exhaust port fixed to the upper part of the retainer, and a lower part of the retainer. It is composed of end caps that are freely mounted. Each cartridge type filter 3a is inserted through a mounting hole provided in the support member 3b, and a flange provided at the base of the exhaust port is fixed to the support member 3b with a screw. Further, the gap between the flange and the support member is sealed by a seal member.

  The filter unit 3 is covered from above by a dome-shaped exhaust chamber member 7a, and the exhaust chamber 7 is formed inside the exhaust chamber member 7a. The exhaust chamber member 7a is fixed to the upper wall 6 by appropriate means such as welding, or is integrally formed with the upper wall 6, and the exhaust duct 13 is connected to a part thereof. Further, the space between the filter unit 3 and the exhaust chamber member 7a (and the upper wall 6) is sealed by an expansion seal.

  During processing of the granular material M, the space between the filter unit 3 and the exhaust chamber member 7a (and the upper wall 6) is always sealed by an expansion seal. The gas A solid-gas separated by the filter medium of the cartridge type filter 3a flows into the exhaust chamber 7 from the exhaust port through the inside of the filter medium.

  As shown in FIG. 2, an explosion diffusion door 6 a is provided at the opening of the upper wall 6. In this embodiment, the explosion diffusion doors 6a are provided at a plurality of locations along the circumferential direction of the upper wall 6, and each explosion diffusion door 6a has an arc shape.

  As schematically shown in FIG. 3, each explosion-dispersing door 6 a is attached to the upper wall 6 by a fixture 20 so as to be opened and closed. The fixture 20 includes a plunger 21 attached to the explosion-dispersing door 6a, and a contact member 22 attached to the upper wall 6 so as to face the plunger 21. Further, a seal member 23 seals between the upper wall 6 and the explosion diffusion door 6a. Although two fixing tools 20 are shown in FIG. 3, the number of fixing tools 20 for fixing each explosion-dissipating door 6a depends on the fixing force of the fixing tool 20 and the diffusion pressure (explosion) of the explosion-dissipating door 6a. What is necessary is just to set suitably according to the pressure which the diffusion door 6a opens.

  As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 4, the plunger 21 has a plunger pin 21 a that is supported by an elastic means (not shown) such as a spring so as to advance and retreat. In this embodiment, the tip of the plunger pin 21a is formed in a convex spherical shape. Further, the contact member 22 is continuous with the contact portion 22a with which the plunger pin 21a is in pressure contact with the explosion release door 6a, and is inclined upward toward the plunger 21 from the contact portion 22a. And a sliding surface 22b. In this embodiment, the contact portion 22a contacts the tip of the plunger pin 21a at the vertical surface 22a1, and contacts the upper end portion of the plunger pin 21a at the inclined surface 22a2. The inclination angle with respect to the vertical line is larger on the inclined surface 22a2 than on the sliding surface 22b. The plunger pin 21a receives the elastic force of the elastic means and comes into pressure contact with the contact portion 22a with a predetermined force.

  In this embodiment, the seal member 23 is a hollow member made of an elastic material such as rubber or resin (a solid member may be used), and is attached to the seal attachment portion 24. As shown in FIG. 5 in an enlarged manner, the seal mounting portion 24 has an opening 24a in the lower portion and a pair of tapered inner surfaces 24b inclined in a direction in which the distance between the openings 24a gradually decreases toward the opening 24a. ing. The seal member 23 is in close contact with the pair of tapered inner surfaces 24b and the inner surface 24c facing the opening 24a in a state where the seal member 23 is mounted on the seal mounting portion 24. The lower part of the seal member 23 protrudes downward from the opening 24a and seals the inlet portion of the opening 24a. By this sealing member 23, the space between the upper wall 6 and the explosion-dissipating door 6a is sealed with high sealing performance (airtightness). Therefore, the granular particles are unlikely to leak to the outside through the contact portion of the seal member 23, and the safety of work can be ensured even when a drug having a particularly high activity value is handled. Further, the granular particles are unlikely to remain at the contact portion of the seal member 23, the cleaning operation is easy, and the problem of contamination does not occur.

  In FIG. 1, the granular material M accommodated in the processing chamber 2 of the fluidized bed container 1 is floated and flowed by the gas A introduced into the fluidized bed container 1 through the gas dispersion plate 2a. Then, spray liquid (film agent liquid, binder liquid, etc.) is sprayed from the spray nozzle 10 toward the fluidized bed of the granular material M. At the same time that the granular material particles M are wetted by the spray liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle 10, for example, a mist of the film agent liquid, the solid component contained in the film agent liquid adheres to the surface of the granular particle M, After drying and solidifying, a coating layer is formed on the surface of the powder particles M (coating). Alternatively, the powder particles M are wet, adhered and agglomerated by a spray liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle 10, for example, a mist of a binder liquid, dried, and grown into particles of a predetermined diameter (granulation).

  The gas A in which the powder M is suspended and flowed rises in the processing chamber 2 and enters the filter chamber 4, is solid-gas separated by each cartridge type filter 3 a of the filter unit 3, and flows into the exhaust chamber 7. Then, the gas is exhausted to the outside of the fluidized bed container 1 through the exhaust duct 13 connected to the exhaust chamber 7.

  When an explosion occurs in the fluidized bed container 1 for some reason and the pressure P in the fluidized bed container 1 reaches the set value of the diffusion pressure, the fixture 20 is removed and the explosion diffusion door 6a is opened (see FIG. 6). That is, when a predetermined pressure P is applied to the explosion-dissipating door 6a, the distal end portion of the plunger pin 21a of the plunger 21 slides on the sliding surface 22b of the abutting member 22 and comes off from the abutting member 22, The fixed state of 6a is released. Thereby, the explosion pressure in the fluidized bed container 1 is dissipated into the upper chamber 5 through the opening of the upper wall 6. In addition, the explosion-spreading door 6a and the fixture 20 are not damaged at the time of diffusion and can be re-installed.

  The explosion-dispersing door 6a may have a circular shape as shown in FIG. 7 or other shapes. In addition, the explosion diffusion door 6a may be provided on the side wall (particularly the back wall) instead of the upper wall 6 of the fluidized bed container 1.

  FIG. 8 shows another example of the fixture 20 '. In this example, the sliding surface 22b ′ of the abutting member 21 ′ is an inclined surface inclined upward toward the plunger 21 ′ toward the upper side, and the tip of the plunger 21 ′ is an inclined surface suitable for the sliding surface 22b ′. Yes. When the pressure P in the fluidized bed container 1 reaches the set value of the dissipating pressure, the tip of the plunger pin 21a ′ of the plunger 21 ′ slides on the sliding surface 22b ′ of the contact member 22 ′ to contact the contact member 22 ′. Or the tip of the plunger pin 21a ′ is slightly engaged with the sliding surface 22b ′ of the contact member 22 ′, and the fixed state of the explosion-dissipating door 6a by the fixture 20 is released. Since other matters conform to the fixture 20 described above, description thereof is omitted.

  The present invention is not limited to the fluidized bed apparatus as described above, but can be similarly applied to a composite fluidized bed apparatus such as a rolling fluidized bed apparatus or a Wurster fluidized bed apparatus.

It is sectional drawing which shows typically the example of 1 structure of the fluidized-bed apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the peripheral part of the upper wall from upper direction. It is sectional drawing which shows an explosion diffusion door. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the peripheral part of a fixing tool. It is sectional drawing which shows the peripheral part of a sealing member. It is a figure which shows the aspect which an explosion spreading door opens. It is the figure which looked at the peripheral part of the upper wall which concerns on other embodiment from upper direction. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a fixing tool.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluidized bed container 6 Upper wall 6a Explosion diffusion door 20, 20 'Fixture 21, 21' Plunger 21a, 21a 'Plunger pin 22, 22' Contact member 22a, 22a 'Contact part 22b, 22b' Sliding surface 23 Seal Member 24 Seal mounting portion 24a Opening 24b Tapered inner surface A Gas M Powder and granular material

Claims (3)

In a fluidized bed apparatus that performs at least one of granulation, coating, and drying while suspending and flowing a granular material with gas in a fluidized bed container,
Explosion diffusion doors are attached to the wall of the fluidized bed container so as to be opened and closed by a fixture,
A seal member that seals between the wall portion and the explosion-dissipating door is disposed in the seal mounting portion,
The sealing member is made of an elastic material,
The seal mounting part has a pair of tapered inner surfaces inclined in a direction in which the distance between the seal mounting part gradually decreases toward the opening while having an opening in part.
The fluidized bed apparatus, wherein the seal member is in close contact with at least the pair of tapered inner surfaces and the inner surface of the seal mounting portion facing the opening. The fixing device includes a plunger provided on one of the wall portion and the explosion diffusion door, and a contact member provided on the other side of the wall portion and the explosion diffusion door so as to face the plunger.
The plunger has a plunger pin that presses against the contact member;
2. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the contact member includes a sliding surface that is in pressure contact with the plunger pin and is inclined toward the plunger toward the outside of the fluidized bed container.   The sliding surface of the abutting member is provided continuously from the abutting portion of the abutting member to which the plunger pin is in pressure contact with the outer side of the fluidized bed container in a state where the explosion release door is closed. The fluidized bed apparatus according to claim 2.

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