JP4937680B2 - Crushing device, removal-type core material, reinforced earth method and core material removal method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing device, a removable core material, a reinforced earth method, and a core material removal method for removing a core material after ground support and slope protection in construction work such as mountain retaining work.

  As a removable core material, an unbonded core material, a diverging wedge located at the tip of the core material, an unbonded type cavity material that creates a cavity hole after removal adjacent to the tension material and the tension material groove, and a tip There was a removable anchor constituted by a tension material fitted in the tension material groove of the wedge portion. The wedge portion has a notch parallel to the shaft center around a symmetrical position with respect to the core material, and on the side surface facing the notch, the wedge surface has an axial direction that is larger than the diameter of the tension material and decreases toward the lower surface. Has a tendon groove (see Patent Document 1)

  The anchor is removed by passing the tension material groove 13 of the wedge portion 11 provided in the core material 1 through the hollow hole 4 formed by drawing out the two hollow materials 3 and pulling the core material 1 over the entire length. After extruding the tendon 2, the tendon 2 was pulled out.

  In addition, the mountain retaining work by the anchor method is inferior in terms of process and economy because there are many types of works such as a mountain wall work, excavation work, upset installation work, anchor work, and the like. In addition, since the machinery and plant equipment are large, it is difficult to construct in steep slopes and mountains, and vibration and noise are large.

  In addition, the anchor method includes a removable anchor method, but since the anchor length is long, the steel wire to be removed becomes long, and the workability is poor.

  On the other hand, the mountain retaining work by the reinforced earth method is good in terms of process and economy because there are few types of constructions that constitute excavation and earth reinforced earth work. Moreover, since the core material length is generally about 3 to 8 m, drilling can be performed manually by a small drilling machine.

  As described above, the reinforced earth method is excellent as a mountain-clamping method, but cannot be easily removed because the core material such as a reinforcing bar is adhered to the whole ground with a hardening material such as cement milk. As a method for removing the core material, there is a method of covering with a hole drilling machine and cutting the adhesion with the ground, but it is difficult to carry in the hole drilling machine when the work space between the cut surface and the frame is small. is there. Further, since the core material is removed while being cut, the workability is poor and the work takes time. For these reasons, it is unrealistic to remove the core material.

  Therefore, when it is necessary to remove the core material inserted into the ground of the private land beyond the public-private boundary, it is necessary to carry out the mountain anchoring by the removable anchor method under severe conditions. In many cases, the anchor method could not be enforced due to restrictions, and it was necessary to leave the reinforcements with the consent of the landowners.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-77891 (Claim 1, FIGS. 1 to 3)

  The invention described in Patent Document 1 has a large number of members, and it takes time and effort to create the anchor, so the material cost is high and the working time is also long.

  In addition, in the conventional construction, the backside of the mountain retaining work is often a private area where many private houses such as condominiums are lined up, so in order to remove the core material from this private area, either a removable anchor method or reinforced soil After the construction method, a method of covering and removing a core material such as a reinforcing bar has been applied. The anchor construction method is very strict in terms of construction and economics such as the size of equipment, and environmental aspects such as noise and vibration, and the places where it can actually be constructed are limited, so the opportunity to apply this construction method Was limited. Moreover, the core material removal method used in combination with the reinforced earth method was not practical from the viewpoint of process and workability, so there was almost no opportunity to apply this method. Therefore, there was virtually no practical method for removing the core material.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to propose a crushing device, a removable core material, a reinforced earth method, and a core material removal method capable of removing the core material. It is to be.

The crushing device of the invention according to claim 1 is provided at the tip of a tensile material inserted through a core material embedded and fixed in a natural ground by a hardened material, and has a base and a blade provided on a side surface thereof. ,
A diameter-enlarged portion is provided on the tip side from the blade, and the core material is crushed together with the hardened material and the like when the tensile material is pulled out. Thus, by crushing the core material and the curing material, the edges of the core material and the curing material are cut, so that the core material can be removed. In addition, since the enlarged diameter portion is provided on the tip side from the blade, the portion where the blade is crushed will be crushed again with a delay in the enlarged diameter portion, so the core material and the hardened material should be crushed reliably. Can do.

  In some cases, this substrate is integrated with the tip of the tensile material.

  The blade may be bowl-shaped (claim 3). In this case, since the amount of the material used for manufacturing the blade can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the blade can be suppressed.

The removal type core material of the invention according to claim 4 is provided at a core material embedded and fixed in a natural ground with a hardened material, a tensile material inserted through the core material, and a tip of the tensile material, and provided on the base and this side surface. A crushing device having a blade is provided, and an enlarged diameter portion is provided on the tip side from the blade, and the core material is crushed by the crushing device together with the hardener and the like when the tensile material is pulled out. Thus, by crushing the core material and the curing material, the edges of the core material and the curing material are cut, so that the core material can be removed. In addition, since the enlarged diameter portion is provided on the tip side from the blade, the portion where the blade is crushed will be crushed again with a delay in the enlarged diameter portion, so that the core material and the hardener can be reliably crushed. it can.

  The core material may be made of fiber reinforced plastic (claim 5). If the fiber direction and the axial direction of the core material are parallel, the core material directly in contact with the blade and the hardened material adjacent to the core material can be easily crushed. Can be reduced and workability can be improved.

  The blade may be bowl-shaped (claim 6). In this case, since the amount of the material used for manufacturing the blade can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the blade can be suppressed.

In some cases, a lubricant is filled between the inner surface of the core material and the outer surface of the tensile material.
In this case, the natural ground and the inside of the core material are completely blocked, and it is possible to prevent water and a hardened material from entering the inside of the core material, so that the tensile material can be preserved. Further, since the lubricant relaxes the friction between the core material and the tensile material when the tensile material is pulled, the tensile load and damage to the tensile material can be reduced.

  The crushing device is covered with an edge cutting member (claim 8). In this case, since the crushing device can be easily cut off from the natural ground, the tensile load and damage to the crushing device can be reduced.

The reinforced earth structure of the invention according to claim 9 reinforces the natural ground, is filled in the natural ground, and is buried and fixed in the natural ground by the hardener and the hardener attached to the natural ground, A crushing device having a base and a blade provided on a side surface of the base is provided at the tip of the tensile material, and a diameter-enlarged portion is provided on the tip side from the blade. Yes. By crushing the core material and the hardener, the edges of the core material and the hardener are cut, so that the core material can be removed.

The reinforced earth method of the invention according to claim 10 is provided in a core material embedded in and fixed to a natural ground with a hardened material, through which a tensile material is inserted, and provided at a tip of the tensile material, and provided on a base and side surfaces of the base. Integrating the hardened material and the removable core with the hole formed by the drilling process and the drilling process using the removable core material having the crushing device having the cutting blade. and a step, Ru with a crushing device enlarged diameter portion is provided on the tip from the cutting side. This crushing device crushes the core material together with the hardening material or the like when the tensile material is pulled out. Therefore, by crushing the core material and the hardener, the edges of the core material and the hardener are cut, so that the core material can be removed. In addition, an enlarged diameter portion is provided on the tip side from the blade, and the portion where the blade is crushed will be crushed again with a delay in the enlarged diameter portion, so that the core material and the hardener can be reliably crushed. it can.

In the core material removing method according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, a tensile material is inserted into a core material embedded and fixed in a natural ground by a hardened material, and a base and a blade provided on a side surface of the base at the tip of the tensile material crushing device is provided with a crushing step of crushing device for crushing the core material together with the cured material by pulling the tension member has a drawing step of pulling out the core material, crushing step the tip side of the blade The core material is crushed together with the hardening material by the crushing device provided with the enlarged diameter portion. This crushing device crushes the core material together with the hardening material or the like when the tensile material is pulled out. Therefore, by crushing the core material and the hardener, the edges of the core material and the hardener are cut, so that the core material can be removed. In addition, since the enlarged diameter portion is delayed and the portion where the blade is crushed is crushed again, the core material and the hardened material can be reliably crushed and the core material can be easily removed.

  Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, the crushing apparatus which can remove a core material, a removal-type core material, a reinforced earth method, and a core material removal method can be proposed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The head side described in the present invention refers to the axial ground surface side of the removable core material, and the tip side refers to the axial ground side of the removable core material.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a hardened material 2 is filled in a hole formed by drilling a natural ground with a machine (not shown) and a removable core material 1 is inserted in a reinforced earth method.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the removable core material 1 is composed of a core material 6 attached to a hardened material 2 such as cement milk fixed to a natural ground, a tensile material 5 inserted through the core material 6, and a tensile material 5. It is comprised with the crushing apparatus 7 provided in the front-end | tip.

  FIG. 3 shows a core material 6, for example, a cylindrical shape made of fiber reinforced plastic. For example, a spiral groove 8 is axially formed on the outer surface of the core material 6 so that the hardened material 2 is firmly attached to the outer surface. Are installed side by side. As shown in FIG. 1, the mortar 4 is sprayed on the ground surface, and the core material 6 penetrates the mortar 4 and protrudes from the mortar 4.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tensile material 5 is a wire such as a strand of PC steel, and a crushing device 7 is provided at the distal end. The tension member 5 is longer than the core member 6, and the head-side end portion protrudes from the head-side end surface of the core member 6. Further, a lubricant such as grease is filled between the outer surface of the tension member 5 and the inner surface of the core member 6.

  FIG. 4 shows the crushing device 7, which is composed of a base body 10, a blade 11 provided at the head side end portion of the base body 10, and a diameter-expanded portion 12 provided at the front end side end portion of the base body 10. The base body 10 is, for example, cylindrical and has a through-hole (not shown) having the same diameter as the tension member 5. The tensile material 5 is inserted into the through hole and welded to be integrated. Moreover, the slit 14 is provided in the axial direction at equal intervals, for example in the circumferential direction on the head side end part outer surface of the base | substrate 10, and the blade 11 can be fitted.

  The blade 11 is fitted and welded to the slit 14 so that the blade tip faces the core material 6. Here, it is desirable that the blade 11 is formed so that the outer diameter in the axial direction vertical section of the crushing device 7 at the portion where the blade 11 is provided increases toward the distal end side. Then, the blade is arranged such that the minimum axial direction vertical cross-section outer diameter D1 of the crushing device 7 is smaller than the inner diameter D3 of the core material 6 and the maximum axial direction vertical cross-section outer diameter D2 of the crushing device 7 is larger than the inner diameter D3 of the core material 6. The shape of 11 is formed.

  The removal-type core material 1 is a method in which the crushing device 7 is inserted through the head side of the tensile material 5 provided on the distal end side from the distal end side of the core material 6, or the distal end of the tensile material 5 inserted through the core material 6. It is created by a method of providing a crushing device 7 on the side. When the removable core material 1 is created, the head-side end of the blade 11 is inserted into the core material 6, and the curved surface 13, which is the outer peripheral surface of the blade 11, is joined to the inner end surface on the distal end side of the core material 6. To do.

  Further, it is desirable that the base 10 and the blade 11 are covered with an edge cutting member such as vinyl tape, cloth, urethane, or grease. When the base 10 and the blade 11 are cured in this manner, the hardened material 2 becomes difficult to adhere, so that it is possible to prevent the load that first pulls the tensile material 5 from increasing or the blade 11 from being broken.

  The enlarged diameter portion 12 is connected to the base body 10 on the distal end side with respect to the blade 11, and is welded to, for example, the distal end side end portion of the base body 10. As shown in FIG. 4, the enlarged diameter portion 12 is, for example, wedge-shaped, and is shaped so that the axial vertical cross section becomes wider toward the tip side, and the maximum axial vertical vertical outer diameter D4 of the crushing device 7 of the enlarged diameter portion 12 is The core material 6 is formed larger than the inner diameter D3 of the core material 6. The enlarged diameter portion 12 is also cured similarly to the base 10 and the blade 11.

  The crushing device 7 is desirably made of steel or metal, but is not limited to this, and it is desirable if it is strong.

  As described above, since the number of components constituting the removable core 1 is small and the structure of the removable core 1 is simple, the production cost of the removable core 1 can be suppressed.

  Next, a construction method will be described. 6 to 8 show a structure construction work by a cut work and a removal work. The reinforced earth work method of the present invention is applied to a mountain retaining work that constitutes a cut work and a core material removal work that removes the removable core material 1 that constitutes a removal work performed after the construction of the structure 16. The work flow is shown in FIG.

  First, cutting work will be explained. First, the natural ground 3 is excavated to a target depth by an unillustrated excavator or the like. Next, a target position is drilled by a drilling machine or the like (not shown), the formed hole is filled with the curing material 2, and the removable core material 1 prepared in advance is cured before the curing material 2 is cured. The crushing device 7 is inserted into the hole filled with 2 so that the crushing device 7 is located on the tip side, and the mortar 4 is sprayed on the ground surface of the place where the removable core material 1 is inserted. When the hardener 2 is hardened, the ground pile 3, the hardener 2 and the removable core 1 are fixed and integrated to form a reinforced earth structure 9. The operation from the drilling of the target position to the formation of the reinforced soil structure 9 is referred to as a partial mountain retaining work.

  Thereafter, in the excavation stage, when the above partial mountain excavation is repeated at a predetermined position, the excavation stage mountain excavation is completed. Furthermore, this excavation and mountain retaining work are repeated until the target depth, and finally the floor excavation work is performed to complete the cut work. Then, the structure construction work for constructing the structure 16 is as shown in FIG.

  Next, the removal work will be described. First, the space between the structure 16 and the side of the natural ground 3 is backfilled to the target height. Next, when the removable core material 1 is removed, a hole filling material is filled into a cavity formed by removing the removable core material 1. The operations from the removal type core material 1 to the filling of the hole filling material are referred to as a partial core material removal work.

  Thereafter, in the backfill stage, when the partial core material removal work is repeated at a predetermined position, the core material removal work in the backfill stage is completed. Furthermore, when this backfilling work and the core material removal work are repeated to the target depth, and finally the compaction backfilling work is performed and the removal work is completed, the result is as shown in FIG.

  Therefore, since the core material 6 is not left in the natural ground 3, the environmental load can be reduced. Moreover, it does not ask | require whether a hole-filling material is the same as the hardening material 2. FIG. However, by using a material more than the strength of natural ground 3 for the hole filling material, it prevents the impact of ground subsidence and wall displacement without leaving the support on the private side, and restores the same state as before construction. Is possible.

  A method for removing the removable core material 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. When the tension member 5 is pulled by a tension device such as a center hole jack, the crushing device 7 is pulled to the ground surface side in the axial direction, the core material 6 is torn by the blade 11 from the end surface on the front end side, and the hardened material 2 is crushed. The edge of the core material 6 and the hardener 2 is cut. When the tension member 5 is further pulled and the expanded diameter portion 12 is inserted into the core material 6, the expanded diameter portion 12 pushes and expands the core material 6 from the inside, thereby more reliably tearing the core material 6 and curing. The material 2 is crushed.

  When the crushing device 7 comes out from the head side of the core material 6, the core material 6 is completely torn and the edge of the hardened material 2 is cut. Therefore, the core material 6 can be easily removed by pulling it with a tension device such as a center hole jack in the same manner as the tension material 5. Here, the load for pulling the tension member 5 and the load for pulling the core member 6 are both less than 2 tf, and there is no significant difference, and the same center hole jack can be used in the same state. Can be reduced.

  When pulling up the tension member 5, even when the distance between the structure 16 and the side surface of the natural ground 3 is short, that is, when the working space is narrow, a gold wheel or the like is used to vertically move the hoisting device such as a winch. Since the tension member 5 can be pulled, it can be pulled all at once. Further, if the core material 6 is a fiber system such as fiber reinforced plastic, it can be easily pulled with a small force in the axial direction in order to tear the core material 6 with the crushing device 7. Has the advantage of being able to work.

  About the work procedure of the mountain retaining work in a predetermined excavation stage, it is possible to form the reinforced soil structure 9 on the natural ground 3 in the excavation stage by performing partial mountain retaining work at each target position and repeating it sequentially. it can. As another method, only the drilling is performed for all target positions in each excavation stage, and then the curing material 2 is filled and the removable core material 1 is inserted to cure the cured material 2 and the removable core material. 1, the hardener 2, and the natural ground 3 are integrated. In addition, there is a method in which all the target positions are divided into a plurality of blocks, only drilling is first performed for each block, and thereafter, the hardening material 2 is filled and the removable core material 1 is inserted, and then repeated for each block.

  Also, as for the work procedure of the core material removal work in the predetermined backfill stage, similarly to the mountain retaining work, in the predetermined backfill stage, partial core material removal work is performed at each target position, and it is sequentially repeated. A method in which only the removal-type core material 1 is first removed from all target positions in each backfilling stage, and a hole filling material is filled in a cavity formed thereafter, and all target positions are divided into a plurality of blocks. First, there is a method in which the removal-type core material 1 is first removed and a cavity is formed and filled with a hole filling material, which is sequentially repeated for each block.

(Other embodiments)
As the first embodiment, the situation of the structure construction work by the cut work and the removal work has been exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can also be applied to a temporary shaft work or an underground structure construction work.

  Moreover, although the core material 6 is torn with the blade 11 provided in the crushing apparatus 7, as shown in FIG. 5, the hook-shaped blade 15 may be sufficient as other embodiment. If it does in this way, since the quantity of the material used for a blade can be reduced, cost reduction is possible. Although the number of blades is four, the present invention is not limited to this. In the case of a plurality of blades, the core material can be efficiently torn when arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Since the load for pulling the tension member 5 is caused by the ground conditions, the number of blades can be appropriately adjusted according to the strength of the core member 6, the hardening member 2, and the ground pile 3.

  The fiber reinforced plastic of the core material 6 may be any of glass fiber reinforced plastic, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, or aramid fiber reinforced plastic. Further, the core material 6 may have a pipe made of polyvinyl chloride or the like inside the fiber reinforced plastic. By using a fiber reinforced plastic material for the core material 6, the core material 6 is rarely broken only by being torn in the axial direction by the crushing device 7. It can be removed without remaining, and a reduction in environmental load can be realized.

  Further, the spiral groove 8 is formed in the core material 6, but an annular groove or a lattice-shaped groove may be formed.

  Although the base body 10 has a cylindrical shape, the base body 10 may have a polygonal column shape or a spherical shape, and may be connected to and integrated with the tensile material 5 on the head side.

  Moreover, although only one enlarged diameter portion 12 is provided, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of enlarged diameter portions 12 may be provided in the axial direction.

  In the first embodiment, the removal type core material 1 is removed by pulling the core material 6 after the crushing device 7 is completely pulled out. The core material 6 may be pulled and removed in a state where it is performed from the surface side end portion to about 1 m. Thereby, since the ground surface side edge part of the core material 6 is not crushed, it can be easily grasped when the core material 6 is pulled. Even in such a state, the adhering force between the core material 6 and the curing material 2 is small, so the apparatus for pulling the tension material 5 can be used as it is, and there is no need to replace it.

  Moreover, although the outer surface of the blade 11 is the curved surface 13, it may be a straight line.

  Moreover, the removal-type core material 1 does not need to be applied to all the core materials, and may be applied only to a location or depth where removal is required.

It represents a removable core material that is inserted into a natural ground and integrated with the hardened material into the natural ground. The front view of a removable core material is represented. The front view and top view of a core material are represented. The front view of a crushing device, the top view from an upper side, and the top view from the lower side are represented. The front view of the crushing device whose blade is bowl-shaped, the top view from the upper side, and the top view from the lower side are represented. The reinforced earth structure formation completion situation figure is shown. The structure construction completion situation diagram is shown. The removal completion situation diagram is shown. The removal situation figure (first half) of the removal type core material 6 is represented. The removal situation figure (second half) of the removal type core material 6 is represented. Work flow

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ......... Removable core 2 ......... Hardening material 3 ...... Mt 4 ...... Mortar 5 ...... Tension material 6 ...... Core material 7 ...... Fracture device 8 ...... Helical groove DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 ......... Reinforcement soil structure 10 ... Base | substrate 11 ... Blade 12 ... Diameter-enlarged part 13 ... Curved surface 14 ... Slit 15 ... Bridge-shaped blade 16 ... Structure D1 ... Fracture device in the blade 11 7 is the minimum axial vertical cross-sectional outer diameter D2 of the blade 11 and the maximum axial vertical cross-sectional outer diameter D3 of the crushing device 7 at the blade 11 is the inner diameter D4 of the core material 6. Cross-sectional outer diameter L ... Public-private boundary

Claims (11)

It is provided at the tip of a tensile material that is inserted into a core material that is embedded and fixed in the natural ground by a hardened material,
A substrate and a blade provided on a side surface of the substrate;
An enlarged diameter portion is provided on the tip side from the blade,
The crushing apparatus characterized by crushing the said core material with the said hardening | curing material etc. at the time of drawing-out of the said tension | pulling material. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the base is integrated with a tip of the tensile material. The blade crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a hook-shaped. A core material embedded and fixed in a natural ground by a hardened material, a tensile material inserted through the core material, a crushing device provided at a tip of the tensile material and having a base and a blade provided on a side surface of the base; Have
An enlarged diameter portion is provided on the tip side from the blade,
A removable core material, wherein the core material is crushed together with the hardener and the like when the tensile material is pulled out. The removable core material according to claim 4 , wherein the core material is made of fiber reinforced plastic. The removable core material according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the blade has a bowl shape. The removable core material according to any one of claims 4 to 6 , wherein a lubricant is filled between an inner surface of the core material and an outer surface of the tensile material. The removable core material according to any one of claims 4 to 7 , wherein the crushing device is covered with an edge cutting member. A reinforced soil structure that reinforces natural ground,
Filled in the natural ground, and a hardener attached to the natural ground, and embedded and fixed in the natural ground by the hardener, and a core material through which a tensile material is inserted,
At the tip of the tensile material, a crushing device having a base and a blade provided on the side surface of the base is provided ,
A reinforced soil structure, wherein an enlarged diameter portion is provided on a tip side of the blade . A removal type having a crushing device having a core material embedded in and fixed to a natural ground by a hardened material, a tensile material inserted, and a base provided at the tip of the tensile material and a blade provided on a side surface of the base A reinforced earthwork method using a core material,
A drilling step of drilling the natural ground, and an integration step of integrating the hardened material and the removable core material with a hole formed by the drilling step ,
Reinforced soil construction method, wherein Rukoto using the crushing device enlarged diameter portion is provided on the tip side of the blade. Tensile material is inserted into the core material that is buried and fixed in the natural ground by the hardened material,
At the tip of the tensile material, a crushing device having a base and a blade provided on the side surface of the base is provided,
A crushing step in which the crushing device crushes the core material together with the hardened material by pulling the tension material, and a drawing step of pulling out the core material ,
The core material removing method, wherein in the crushing step, the core material is crushed together with the hardened material by the crushing device provided with an enlarged-diameter portion on the tip side from the blade .

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