JP4920029B2 - Insert tip and plasma torch - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plasma torch, and more particularly to an insert tip at the tip of a torch.

JP 55-24737 A JP-A-57-152380.

  A plasma torch in which a rod-shaped tungsten electrode is passed through a cylindrical chip base and an insert chip is attached to the lower end of the chip base generates plasma gas supplied to the space of the chip base through which the tungsten electrode passes at the tip of the tungsten electrode. The plasma ionized by the arc is sprayed from the nozzle (fountain port) of the insert tip, and the shield gas supplied to the space between the outer peripheral surface of the tip base and the shield cap is forward (processed) along the outer surface of the insert tip. The target material is injected. In order to cool and squeeze the plasma arc with the insert tip nozzle, cooling water is supplied to the flow path inside the tip base to cool the tip base and the insert tip.

  In plasma arc welding in which an insert tip of a plasma torch is inserted deep in the groove or plasma arc welding in a narrow groove, an insert tip having a wedge shape or a flat shape is used. The insert tip described in Patent Document 1 has a water supply / drainage hole on both sides of a vertical hole through which a tungsten electrode is passed, and one side is a water entry hole, the other is a drainage hole, and a horizontal hole is formed at the lower end of the chip that allows both holes to flow. is there. The insert tip described in Patent Document 2 has a pair of water inlet holes and drain holes on each side of the vertical hole through which the tungsten electrode passes, and a pair of water inlet holes and drain holes that are paired at the lower end of the chip. It is a side hole that connects.

  The insert tip is obtained by cutting and drilling a copper block. The horizontal hole is a hole penetrating from the front surface to the back surface of the copper block, and the extra hole portion is closed by inserting a plug material and brazing. That is, drilling, plugging and brazing are necessary, and the cost is correspondingly high. Since the insert tip is a consumable item, it is desired to manufacture it as cheaply as possible.

  An object of the present invention is to simplify the manufacturing process of the insert chip and to manufacture it at low cost.

(1) At the upper end, there is a ring-shaped cooling medium flow space (w3, w7) that opens upward and a pipe (14p) that penetrates the center of the space upward, and at the lower end is a nozzle (15 ), And there is an electrode insertion hole (14Ch) extending from the nozzle to the upper end of the pipe. A chip substrate (14b) having cooling medium flow holes (14hR, 14hL) open to the space; and
The center axis of the pair of cooling medium flow holes (14hR, 14hL) is parallel to the yz plane (paper surface in FIG. 3), and the upper end protrudes into the cooling medium flow space (w3, w7), and the lower end Is a position where the cooling medium flow space (w5R, w5L) is placed from the bottom of each cooling medium flow hole (14hR, 14hL), and each of the cooling medium flow holes (14hR, 14hL) A pair of partition plates (31, 32) that are divided into two planes;
Insert tip (14) comprising:

  In addition, in order to make an understanding easy, the code | symbol of the corresponding element or the equivalent element of the Example which is shown in drawing and mentions later in parentheses is attached for reference by reference. The same applies to the following.

  There is no need to make a horizontal hole, insert a plug, and braze. Instead, the partition plate (31, 32) can be press-fitted into the cooling medium flow hole (14hR, 14hL), making the manufacturing process simple and low. Can be manufactured at low cost.

  (2) In the xz plane (FIG. 3 (d)) orthogonal to the yz plane (FIG. 3 (b)), the chip base (14b) has a lateral width ( x) is a narrow wedge shape; the insert tip (14) according to (1) above.

  (3) The spherical surface of the insulator (33fR, 33fL, 33rR, 33rL) protrudes from the wedge-shaped surface; the insert tip (14) according to (2) above.

  (4) Each cooling medium flow hole (14hR, 14hL) is parallel to the electrode insertion hole (14Ch); the chip base (14b) is arranged vertically on the yz plane (FIG. 3 (b)). The central portion between the end portions is a square having a constant lateral width (x), and the lower end portion is a trapezoid whose lateral width (x) becomes narrower as the nozzle (15) is lowered to a certain lower end; (1) The insert tip (14) according to any one of (3) to (3).

  (5) The insert tip (14) according to any one of (1) to (4) is provided, the pipe (14p) of the insert tip is supported, and a cooling medium is supplied to and discharged from the insert tip. The chip base (6, 12) has a slit (6sR) that receives the upper end of the partition plate (31, 32) at the lower end surface that enters the cooling medium flow space (w3, w7) and contacts the bottom surface of the space. 6sL, 12sR, 12sL); plasma torch.

  Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an xz longitudinal section of one embodiment of the present invention. A cathode base 2, an insulating bush 3 and an anode base 4 are inserted into the cylindrical inner space of the plasma torch base 1, and these are integrally fixed to the base 1. A tip base inner cylinder 5 and a tip base sleeve 6 are inserted into the anode base 4. A chip base block 12 is provided inside the lower end of the chip base sleeve 6, and an insert chip 14 is attached to the chip base block 12. A connecting cylinder 7 is fixed to the chip base sleeve 6, and a shield cap 8 with a female screw that receives the male screw is screwed into the connecting cylinder 7, and the shield cap 8 is rotated in the screwing direction to shield the connecting cylinder 7. The end surface of the cap 8 is fastened to the end surface of the base 1.

  There is an electrode holder 9 inside the chip base inner cylinder 5 and a conductive chuck 10 inside. A tungsten electrode 11 passes through the conductive chuck 10. The tip of the conductive chuck 10 where the split groove is cut is squeezed in a direction toward the center of the tungsten electrode 11 to sandwich the tungsten electrode 11. Thereby, the tungsten electrode 11 is fixed to the electrode holder 9 via the conductive chuck 10 and the fastening chuck. The tungsten electrode 11 passes through the centering stone 13 and faces the nozzle 15 of the insert tip 14.

  An electrode holder 9 and a conductive chuck 10 are inserted in the cathode base 2, and the tungsten electrode 11 is electrically connected to the pilot power source 21 and the main power source 22 via the conductive chuck 10, the torch cap 16 and the cathode base 2. Is done.

  Plasma gas is supplied from the plasma gas tube 17 on the arm of the substrate 1 to the inner space of the electrode holder 9, reaches the center hole space of the centering stone 13, and is ionized by an arc at the tip of the tungsten electrode 11 to become plasma. , And ejected from the nozzle 15. The shield gas fed between the chip base sleeve 6 and the substrate 1 from the shield gas pipe 18 on the arm of the substrate 1 passes through the vent hole of the connecting cylinder 7 and reaches the inner space of the shield cap 8. Eject from 8 to the front of the torch.

  The anode pipe 19, which is a conductive water supply pipe, is connected to the anode base 4 through the arm of the base 1, that is, is electrically connected, and the cooling water (solid arrow) supplied to the anode pipe 19 is the anode It enters the table 4, passes through the water supply path w 1 between the chip table sleeve 6 and the chip table inner cylinder 5, and reaches the insert chip 14 through the water supply path w 2 (FIG. 4) of the chip table block 12. The cooling water that has flowed from the top to the bottom inside the insert chip 14 and from the bottom to the top through the lower ends of partition plates 31 and 32 (FIGS. 2 and 3), which will be described later, is drainage channel w8 of the chip base block 12. (FIG. 4) passes through the drainage channel w9 between the tip base sleeve 6 and the tip base inner cylinder 5 and exits to the cathode pipe 20 which is a conductive drainage pipe. The cathode pipe 20 is connected to the cathode table 2 through the arm of the base 1. That is, they are electrically connected.

  A cylindrical space is vertically divided into two semi-cylindrical spaces by protrusions (not shown) of the chip base inner cylinder 5 protruding in the radial direction x and extending in the axial direction z. The water supply channel w1 and the other semi-cylindrical space are the drainage channel w9.

  The shape of the insert chip 14 in the xz section shown in FIG. 1 is a wedge shape in which the lateral width becomes narrower as the nozzle 15 is lowered to a certain lower end. Ceramic balls 33fL and 33rL are embedded in the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the insert tip 14, a part of the spherical surface protrudes from the inclined surface, and the insert tip 14 directly contacts the inclined surface of the groove of the welding materials 23 and 24. Hinder.

  FIG. 2 shows a yz cross section of the plasma torch shown in FIG. 1, that is, a cross section perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. In this yz cross section, the insert tip 14 is a square having a constant lateral width at the center between the upper and lower end portions, and the lower end portion is a trapezoid whose lateral width becomes narrower as the nozzle 15 is lowered to the lower end. There is an electrode insertion hole 14Ch through which the tungsten electrode 11 passes in the center of the insert tip 14, cooling medium flow holes 14hR and 14hL on both sides thereof, and partition plates 31 and 32 in the holes 14hR and 14hL, respectively. Each of the partition plates 31 and 32 divides each of the holes 14hR and 14hL into two on the yz plane having the central axis of the electrode insertion hole 14Ch, but does not reach the bottom surface of each of the holes 14hR and 14hL. Below the lower end of 32, cooling water passages w5R and w5L are provided which communicate with the space divided into two.

  FIG. 3 shows the insert tip 14 in an enlarged manner. (A) is a plan view showing the upper end surface of the chip 14, (b) is a yz longitudinal sectional view, (c) is a bottom view showing the lower end surface, and (d) is an xz longitudinal sectional view. At the upper end of the chip base 14b of the insert chip 14, there is a ring-shaped cooling medium flow space (w3, w7) opened upward and a pipe 14p penetrating upward through the center of the space, and at the lower end the pipe 14p. There is a nozzle 15 concentric with 14p, and there is an electrode insertion hole 14Ch extending from the nozzle 15 to the upper end of the pipe 14p, and a pair of opposing ends with the electrode insertion hole 14Ch in between and having a bottomed bottom and an upper end There are cooling medium flow holes 14hR and 14hL opened in the cooling medium flow space (w3, w7).

  Each of the cooling medium flow holes 14hR and 14hL is press-fitted with partition plates 31 and 32 that are the same as or slightly larger than the diameters of these holes, and each of the holes 14hR and 14hL has two spaces w4R at the diameter position. It is divided into w6R, w4L and w6L. However, the lower ends of the partition plates 31 and 32 are located above the lower bottoms of the cooling medium flow holes 14hR and 14hL, and the spaces w4R and w6R divided between the lower ends of the partition plates 31 and 32 and the lower bottoms are provided. The cooling water flow spaces w5R and w5L are between w4L and w6L. The upper ends of the partition plates 31 and 32 protrude into the ring-shaped cooling medium flow space (w3, w7) opened upward at the upper end of the chip base 14b, and these and the pipe 14p pass through the cooling medium of the chip base 14b. The lower bottom portion of the flow space (w3, w7) is roughly divided into a water entry space w3 and a water discharge space w7 at the diameter position of the chip base 14b.

  A pair of ceramic balls 33fR, 33fL and 33rR, 33rL are press-fitted into each of the two wedge-shaped slopes of the chip base 14b, and a part of the spherical surface protrudes from the slope.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the chip base sleeve 6 and the chip base block 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. 4A and 4C show the yz cross section of the tip base sleeve 6 and the tip base block 12 similar to FIG. 2, and FIGS. 4B and 4D show the tip base sleeve 6 and the tip base block. 12 shows a lower end surface of FIG. 12, and (e) shows an xz cross section of the chip base block 12 similar to FIG. The ring-shaped lower end surface of the chip base sleeve 6 and the chip base block 12 located inside the lower end of the chip base sleeve 6 abuts on the base plane which is the lower bottom of the cooling medium flow space (w3, w7) at the upper end of the chip base 14b. The ring-shaped lower end surface has slits 6sr, 6sL (chip base sleeve 6), 12sR, 12sL (chip base block 12) for receiving the upper ends of the partition plates 31, 32. The upper ends of the partition plates 31 and 32 are received in these slits 6sr, 6sL and 12sR, 12sL, and the chip base sleeve 6 and the chip base block 12 are made into the cooling medium flow space (w3, w7) at the upper end of the insert chip 14. By the press-fitting, the cooling medium flow space (w3, w7) is divided into a water entry space w3 and a water discharge space w7.

  The tip block 12 includes a water inlet w2 (FIG. 4E) that connects the water supply path w1 to the water inlet space w3, and a drainage path w8 that connects the water outlet w9 to the water outlet w9.

  The cooling water that has entered the water inlet w1 is the water inlet w1-water inlet w2-water inlet space w3-divided space w4R, w4L-flow space w5R, w5L-divided space w6R, w6L-water outlet space w7-drainage channel w8-drainage. While flowing through the route of the path w9 and flowing through w3-w4R, w4L-w5R, w5L-w6R, w6L-w7, the heat of the chip base 14b is absorbed. That is, the chip base 14b is cooled.

  The chip base 14b and the partition plates 31 and 32 are both made of a copper material. However, the partition plates 31 and 32 may be made of other metals or heat resistant materials such as ceramics.

  FIG. 2 shows an enlarged cross section of the insert tip according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the base 14c is screwed into the nozzle portion of the chip base 14b of the insert chip 14. The life of the chip base 14b can be extended by replacing the base 14c when the tip portion of the chip base 14b is less worn. Since the base 14c can be manufactured at a much lower cost than the chip base 14b, the welding cost is further reduced.

It is xz longitudinal cross-sectional view of one Example of this invention. It is yz sectional drawing of the plasma torch shown in FIG. 1, ie, sectional drawing of a surface perpendicular | vertical to a paper surface with the central axis of the plasma torch shown in FIG. It is drawing which expands and shows the insert chip | tip 14 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, (a) is a top view which shows the upper end surface of the chip | tip 14, (b) is yz longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) shows a lower end surface. A bottom view and (d) are xz longitudinal cross-sectional views. 3 is an enlarged view of the chip base sleeve 6 and the chip base block 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and (a) and (c) are similar to FIG. 2 of the chip base sleeve 6 and the chip base block 12. 1B shows the yz cross section, (b) and (d) show the lower end surfaces of the chip base sleeve 6 and the chip base block 12, and (e) shows the xz cross section of the chip base block 12 similar to FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the insert tip of the 2nd example of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Base 2: Cathode base 3: Insulating bush 4: Anode base 5: Chip base inner cylinder 6: Chip base sleeve 7: Connecting cylinder 8: Shield cap 9: Electrode holder 10: Conductive chuck 11: Tungsten electrode 12: Chip base Block 13: Centering stone 14: Insert tip 14b: Tip base 15: Nozzle 16: Torch cap 17: Plasma gas pipe 18: Shield gas pipe 19: Anode pipe (water supply pipe)
20: Cathode pipe (drain pipe)
21: Pilot power source 22: Main power source 23, 24: Welding materials w1 to w3, w4R, w4L: Water supply channels w6R, w6L, w7 to w9: Drainage channels 31, 32: Partition plates 33fR, fL, rR, rL: Ceramic balls

Claims (5)

There is a ring-shaped cooling medium flow space that opens upward at the upper end and a pipe that penetrates the center of the space upward, and a nozzle that is concentric with the pipe at the lower end, and extends from the nozzle to the upper end of the pipe. A chip base having a pair of electrode insertion holes, facing each other with the electrode insertion hole in between, and a cooling medium flow hole having a bottom at the bottom and an upper end opened in the cooling medium flow space; and
The central axes of the pair of cooling medium flow holes are parallel to the yz plane, the upper end protrudes into the cooling medium flow space, and the lower end is for cooling medium flow from the bottom of each cooling medium flow hole. A pair of partition plates each of which divides each cooling medium flow hole into two by the plane;
Insert chip comprising.   2. The insert chip according to claim 1, wherein the chip base has a wedge shape whose lateral width becomes narrower as the nozzle is lowered to a lower end in the xz plane orthogonal to the yz plane.   The insert tip according to claim 2, wherein a spherical surface of the insulator protrudes from the wedge-shaped surface.   Each cooling medium flow hole is parallel to the electrode insertion hole; in the yz plane, the center portion between the upper and lower end portions of the chip base is a square having a constant lateral width, and the lower end portion is The insert tip according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nozzle has a trapezoidal shape with a width that decreases as the nozzle is lowered to a lower end.   An insert tip according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tip base for supporting the pipe of the insert tip and supplying and discharging the cooling medium to and from the insert tip is provided in the cooling medium flow space. There is a slit for receiving the upper end of the partition plate at the lower end surface that enters and contacts the bottom surface of the space; a plasma torch.

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