JP4949223B2 - 非水電解質およびこれを含む二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質およびこれを含む二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4949223B2 JP4949223B2 JP2007500462A JP2007500462A JP4949223B2 JP 4949223 B2 JP4949223 B2 JP 4949223B2 JP 2007500462 A JP2007500462 A JP 2007500462A JP 2007500462 A JP2007500462 A JP 2007500462A JP 4949223 B2 JP4949223 B2 JP 4949223B2
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- nonaqueous electrolyte
- negative electrode
- positive electrode
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- chain hydrocarbon
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 lithium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 16
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- APPOKADJQUIAHP-GGWOSOGESA-N (2e,4e)-hexa-2,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\C APPOKADJQUIAHP-GGWOSOGESA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-AATRIKPKSA-N (3e)-hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC\C=C\C=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 41
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VYXHVRARDIDEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-cyclooctadiene Chemical compound C1CC=CCCC=C1 VYXHVRARDIDEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004912 1,5-cyclooctadiene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical class CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical class C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 2
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 2
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical group C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTQOCZCGLMBLBG-IOBHVTPZSA-N (Z)-18-[3-[(Z)-17-carboxyheptadec-9-enyl]naphthalen-2-yl]octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)O)CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)O FTQOCZCGLMBLBG-IOBHVTPZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEWWCWZGHNIUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 GEWWCWZGHNIUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMSUNVGIWAFNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylpenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(C)=CC(C)=C CMSUNVGIWAFNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZPCYXCBXGQBRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-Dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene Chemical compound CC(C)=CC=C(C)C DZPCYXCBXGQBRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018871 CoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- IMHDGJOMLMDPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2,2'-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1O IMHDGJOMLMDPJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VWYHCWVXCWCOPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F VWYHCWVXCWCOPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC=CC=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PULRPLILZLBLRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;butane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCS([O-])(=O)=O PULRPLILZLBLRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005672 tetraenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005671 trienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
C5以上不飽和鎖状炭化水素は、例えば一般式(1):
C5以上不飽和鎖状炭化水素の量は、非水溶媒100重量部あたり、0.1〜10重量部であることが好ましい。
溶質は、四フッ化ホウ酸リチウム(LiBF4)を含むことが好ましい。
C5以上不飽和鎖状炭化水素には、例えば一般式(1):
非水電解質二次電池は、リチウムの吸蔵および放出が可能な正極、リチウムの吸蔵および放出が可能な負極、正極と負極との間に介在するセパレータならびに上記の非水電解質を具備する。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)とエチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)との混合物からなる非水溶媒(体積比EC:EMC=1:4)に、1.0mol/Lの濃度でLiPF6を溶解した。得られた溶液に、添加剤として、表1記載の所定のC5以上不飽和鎖状炭化水素を、非水溶媒100重量部あたり、2重量部添加して、非水電解質を得た。
正極活物質のコバルト酸リチウム粉末85重量部と、導電材のアセチレンブラック10重量部と、結着剤のポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂5重量部と、脱水N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)とを混合し、正極合剤スラリーを調製した。このスラリーをアルミニウム箔からなる正極集電体の両面に塗布し、乾燥後、圧延して、正極を得た。
負極活物質の人造黒鉛粉末75重量部と、導電材のアセチレンブラック20重量部と、結着剤のポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂5重量部と、脱水NMPとを混合し、負極合剤スラリーを調製した。このスラリーを銅箔からなる負極集電体の両面に塗布し、乾燥後、圧延して、負極を得た。
図1に示すような円筒型電池を以下の要領で作製した。
正極11および負極12とを、セパレータ13を介して渦巻状に捲回して、極板群を作製した。極板群はニッケルメッキした鉄製電池ケース18内に収納した。正極11にはアルミニウム製正極リード14の一端を接続し、正極端子20に導通した封口板19の裏面に接続した。また、負極12にはニッケル製負極リード15を接続し、電池ケース18の底部に接続した。極板群の上部には絶縁板16を、下部には絶縁板17をそれぞれ設けた。その後、所定の非水電解質を電池ケース18内に注液し、封口板19を用いて電池ケース18の開口部を密封した。
以上のようにして製造した電池に対して、下記条件で、電池の充放電サイクルを45℃で繰り返した。
充電:2時間30分の定電流・定電圧充電(最大電流1050mA、上限電圧4.2V)
放電:定電流放電(放電電流1500mA、放電終止電圧3.0V)
非水電解質に、C5以上不飽和鎖状炭化水素を含ませなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様の電池を作製し、同様に評価した。結果を表1に示す。
非水電解質に、C5以上不飽和鎖状炭化水素を含ませる代わりに、1,5−シクロオクタジエンまたは2,3−ジメチル−1,3−ブタジエンを含ませたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の電池を作製し、同様に評価した。結果を表1に示す。
最大電流1050mA、上限電圧4.2Vで、2時間30分の定電流・定電圧充電を行った電池の温度を、5℃/分の一定速度で20℃から150℃まで昇温させた。電池温度が150℃に到達した後は、その温度で3時間保持させた。
そこで、耐熱試験中、電池電圧を常時モニターし、試験開始から電池電圧が急激に低下するまでの時間を測定し、セパレータ収縮時間とした。結果を表3に示す。
非水電解質に、C5以上不飽和鎖状炭化水素を含ませず、表3記載の所定量のビニレンカーボネート(VC)および/またはビニルエチレンカーボネート(VEC)を添加したこと以外は、実施例3と同様の電池を作製し、同様に評価した。結果を表3に示す。
非水電解質に、C5以上不飽和鎖状炭化水素を含ませず、非水溶媒にLiPF6の代わりにLiBF4を1mol/Lの濃度で溶解させたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の電池を作製し、同様に評価した。結果を表4に示す。
Claims (7)
- 非水溶媒と、前記非水溶媒に溶解した溶質と、添加剤とを含み、
前記添加剤が、炭素−炭素不飽和結合を2つ以上有するとともに主鎖の炭素数が5以上である不飽和鎖状炭化水素化合物を含む、二次電池用非水電解質。 - 前記不飽和鎖状炭化水素化合物が、1,3−ヘキサジエンまたは2,4−ヘキサジエンである、請求項2記載の非水電解質。
- 前記不飽和鎖状炭化水素化合物の量が、前記非水溶媒100重量部あたり、0.1〜10重量部である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の非水電解質。
- 前記添加剤が、さらに、ビニレンカーボネートおよびビニルエチレンカーボネートよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1記載の非水電解質。
- 前記溶質が、四フッ化ホウ酸リチウム(LiBF4)を含む、請求項1記載の非水電解質。
- リチウムの吸蔵および放出が可能な正極、リチウムの吸蔵および放出が可能な負極、前記正極と前記負極との間に介在するセパレータならびに請求項1記載の非水電解質を具備する、非水電解質二次電池。
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CN100466370C (zh) * | 2007-06-25 | 2009-03-04 | 中南大学 | 一种超级电容电池用电解液 |
JP2011138646A (ja) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-14 | Hitachi Ltd | リチウムイオン電池 |
US20120100403A1 (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2012-04-26 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Electrolytic cell and method of estimating a state of charge thereof |
WO2013047067A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-04-04 | 日本電気株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
CN104221190B (zh) * | 2012-03-29 | 2018-03-13 | 三洋电机株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池 |
CN105514495B (zh) * | 2014-06-18 | 2018-05-29 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池及其电解液 |
JP2017050156A (ja) * | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
US20190157722A1 (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-23 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Non-aqueous solvent electrolyte formulations for energy storage devices |
JP6635320B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-01-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
CN113651839B (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-12-13 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | 一种改善锂电池高低温性能的电解液添加剂及其制备方法、电解液及电化学装置 |
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JPH0935746A (ja) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-02-07 | Hitachi Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP2000149989A (ja) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-05-30 | Nec Mobile Energy Kk | 非水電解液電池 |
JP2001015158A (ja) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池および非水電解液二次電池の充電制御システムおよびこれを用いた機器 |
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US20040188880A1 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 2004-09-30 | Stephan Bauer | Production of molded articles for lithium ion batteries |
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US20040151951A1 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-08-05 | The University Of Chicago | Lithium based electrochemical cell systems |
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JPH0935746A (ja) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-02-07 | Hitachi Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP2000149989A (ja) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-05-30 | Nec Mobile Energy Kk | 非水電解液電池 |
JP2001015158A (ja) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池および非水電解液二次電池の充電制御システムおよびこれを用いた機器 |
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US20090029248A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
KR20070072609A (ko) | 2007-07-04 |
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