JP4874533B2 - Melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device and machining method using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device capable of punching a thin workpiece and a machining method using the same.

  Conventionally, workpieces made of materials such as stainless steel, non-ferrous metals, ceramics, etc. that can not be used with magnet type workpiece fixing methods, even in that case, especially thin plates and weak and fragile items are fixed via melting and solidification type workpiece fixing agents A processing method of performing machining such as cutting by fixing to a table has been implemented.

  In such a machining method, a work is mounted on a fixing base in which grooves are formed, and a melting / solidifying work fixing agent made of, for example, paraffin is prepared. Then, the work fixing agent is heated and melted, and the melted work fixing agent is caused to flow into the groove of the fixing base. Subsequently, the workpiece fixing agent is cooled and solidified to fix the workpiece to the fixing table via the workpiece fixing agent. Machining is performed on the workpiece in such a state. Examples of the machining include surface polishing and surface grinding of the workpiece. And after completion | finish of this machining, a workpiece | work fixing agent is heated and melted with warm water, a hot plate, etc., and a workpiece | work is removed from a fixing stand. As described above, the workpiece is easily fixed to the fixed base, and the workpiece is machined.

  By the way, in machining, when trying to make a hole in a workpiece using a drill for drilling, the drill for drilling penetrates the workpiece to reach the fixed base, and cuts the surface of the fixed base, thereby fixing the fixed base. May be damaged. Furthermore, since a hole penetrating the back surface from the front surface of the work is formed in the work by a drill for drilling, burrs are generated on the back surface of the work.

  In the above prior art, the machining of the workpiece is limited to the machining of the workpiece surface such as surface polishing or grinding of the workpiece. It was not designed to escape. For this reason, at the time of drilling, there is a problem that burrs are accumulated between the back surface of the workpiece and the surface of the fixing table, and the workpiece is lifted from the fixing table and peeled off from the fixing table.

  In view of the above points, the present invention provides a melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device and a machining method using the same, which can prevent the workpiece from floating from the fixing table due to burrs generated during drilling of the workpiece. For the purpose.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the fixing base is provided on the surface on which the workpiece is placed at the position of the groove (21) into which the melting / solidifying type fixing agent flows and the position to which the drill is moved. Burr relief holes (23a to 23c), and the burr relief holes are connected to the grooves, and the melting / solidifying type fixing agent flows in, and further, there is play around the drill. size der occurring is, among the fixing base surface portion not forming the groove is characterized Rukoto do a flat portion (22) and the fixing base surface and the rear surface of the workpiece in direct contact.

  In this manner, the burr relief hole connected to the groove portion at the position of the groove portion and the movement destination of the drill is provided on the work installation surface of the fixed base. Thereby, since the melting / solidifying type fixing agent flows into the burr escape hole, the melting / solidifying type fixing agent is easily brought into close contact with the back surface of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be securely fixed to the fixing base. In addition, when drilling a workpiece, burrs are mixed into the melting and solidifying fixing agent in the burr escape hole, preventing burrs from accumulating between the back of the workpiece and the fixed base and lifting the workpiece from the fixed base. can do.

  Moreover, since the drill is inserted into the burr escape hole, it is possible to prevent the surface of the fixing base from being damaged by the drill.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the work (40) is mounted on the fixing base (20) provided in the melting / solidifying work fixing device, and the melting / solidifying fixing agent (30) is melted on the work. The process of fixing the work to the fixed base, the process of drilling the work, and the melting / solidification after completion of the drilling process And a step of removing the work from the fixing base by heating and melting the type fixing agent.

In this way, by using the melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device according to claim 1 and mounting the workpiece on the fixing table provided in the device and performing the drilling process, the workpiece is fixed between the workpiece and the fixing table. Drilling can be performed without causing the workpiece to rise from the fixed base.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each said means shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device 100 includes a drill for cutting a workpiece, a control unit, and a workpiece (a fixing table, a heating / cooling table, etc. described later are not shown). This is a so-called machining center. In such an apparatus 100, a workpiece is drilled by a drill according to a program stored in a control unit. The control unit also controls the temperature of the heating / cooling table described later.

  In this embodiment, a brass thin plate (C2801, dimension: 260 mm × 220 mm × 3 mm), which is a metal, is used as a workpiece, and precision surface polishing and drilling are performed on the brass thin plate. .

  FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the vicinity of the workpiece in FIG. Hereinafter, a configuration for fixing a workpiece in the melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The heating / cooling table 10 melts or solidifies a workpiece fixing agent, which will be described later, and is made of a mold aluminum material, aluminum hard (T651, dimensions: 400 mm × 300 mm × 40 mm). Such a heating / cooling table 10 is attached to the machining center.

  On one side surface of the heating / cooling table 10, a sheathed heater 11 is disposed for melting the workpiece fixing agent from the one side surface to the surface facing the side surface. In the present embodiment, three sheathed heaters 11 having a diameter of 13 mm, a length of 203 mm, and an electric energy of 500 W are employed. These sheathed heaters 11 are inserted and fixed so that there is no gap as much as possible in an installation hole opened in one side surface of the heating / cooling table 10.

  Further, on one side surface of the heating / cooling table 10 and a side surface adjacent to the one side surface, cooling water passages that are a plurality of through holes for solidifying the workpiece fixing agent are formed. In this cooling water passage, a cooling water inlet pipe 12 for introducing cooling water and a cooling water outlet pipe 13 for draining the cooling water are connected to a desired cooling water passage, and the cooling water inlet pipe 12 and the cooling water outlet are connected. Each cooling water through hole of the cooling water passage to which the pipe 13 is not connected is closed with a cooling water sealing plug 14 for preventing leakage of cooling water from each cooling water through hole. Yes.

  The surface of the heating / cooling table 10 is provided with a screw hole (not shown) for fixing a fixing base, which will be described later, with fixing bolts.

  The fixing table 20 is a melting / solidifying type fixing table that fixes the workpiece 40 via the workpiece fixing agent 30, and is a rectangular shape made of a stainless steel material (eg, SUS440, dimensions: 400 mm × 300 mm × 20 mm) that is a magnetic material. It is formed to have an outer shape. The fixing table 20 is fixed to the heating / cooling table 10 at the four corners via fixing bolts 50. Thereby, good heat conduction is obtained between the back surface of the fixed base 20 and the surface of the heating / cooling table 10.

  In this embodiment, paraffin having a high adhesive strength and a melting point of 88 ° C. is used as the workpiece fixing agent 30. The workpiece fixing agent 30 corresponds to the melting / solidifying type fixing agent of the present invention.

  Grooves 21 for injecting the workpiece fixing agent 30 are provided on the surface of the fixing table 20 in a lattice shape. In the present embodiment, grooves having a depth of 0.5 mm and a width of 5 mm are carved at 5 mm intervals on the surface of the fixed base 20 as the groove portions 21. Since the groove portions 21 are electrically connected to each other by vertically intersecting grooves, when the melted liquid workpiece fixing agent 30 is injected into the groove portion 21 from a specific location, the liquid workpiece fixing agent 30 is poured into the groove portion 21. Can be injected all over.

  And the part which does not form the groove part 21 among the surfaces of the fixed base 20 becomes the plane part 22 which the back surface of the workpiece | work 40 and the surface of the fixed base 40 contact directly. As a result, when the melted work fixing agent 30 flows into the groove portion 21 positioned below the work 40 and solidifies, the gap between the back surface of the work 40 and the fixing base 20 disappears, and the work 40 is better than the fixing base 20. Can be fixed while maintaining high parallelism.

  Further, when the workpiece 40 is drilled with a drill, burrs are generated between the back surface of the workpiece 40 and the flat portion 22 of the fixed base 20 by the drilling. In the present embodiment, a burr relief hole is provided on the surface of the fixing table 20 in order to prevent the workpiece 40 from floating from the fixing table 20 due to this burr. Hereinafter, this burr escape hole will be described in detail.

  3A and 3B are schematic views of the fixing base 20 shown in FIG. 2, in which FIG. 3A is a top view of the fixing base 20, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. In FIG. 3B, only the outer contour of the work 40 is drawn.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the fixing base 20 is formed with first to third burr relief holes 23a to 23c. These first to third burr escape holes 23a to 23c are respectively provided in the work fixing base 20 at positions facing the tip of the drill, that is, positions where the drill is moved.

  Further, each burr escape hole 23 a to 23 c is provided so as to conduct to the groove portion 21. Here, conduction means that each burr escape hole 23a-23c and the groove part 21 are connected. That is, it means that the melted workpiece fixing agent 30 flows into the burr escape holes 23a to 23c. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first burr escape hole 23a is disposed at a position where the grooves of the groove portion 21 vertically intersect. The second burr escape hole 23 b is disposed in a straight line portion of the groove of the groove portion 21. Further, in the present embodiment, the third burr escape hole 23 c is also provided at a position other than the groove portion 21. The third burr escape hole 23 c is in a state of being electrically connected to the groove portion 21 by the connection portion 21 a extended from the groove portion 21.

  3B, the second and third burr relief holes 23b and 23c are larger in size than the width and depth of the groove portion 21, respectively. This is because the diameter of the drill used during drilling is larger than the width of the groove 21. Moreover, it is also for increasing the capacity | capacitance for the workpiece | work fixing agent 30 to take in the burr | flash which arose on the back surface of the workpiece | work 40 at the time of drilling. Furthermore, play is generated around the drill by increasing the size of each burr escape hole 23a to 23c, and the surface of the fixing base 20 is not damaged by the drill.

  In addition, in FIG.3 (b), although it has drawn so that the workpiece | work fixing agent 30 may not be inject | poured into the outermost periphery of the groove part 21, this is based on the following reason. That is, when the workpiece fixing agent 30 is solidified after the workpiece 40 is placed on the fixing base 20, the workpiece fixing agent 30 enters between the back surface of the workpiece 40 and the groove portion 21 due to surface tension and solidifies. Therefore, the melted workpiece fixing agent 30 is gathered around the workpiece 40 during solidification, and when the workpiece fixing agent 30 is melted, it flows out to the entire groove portion 21.

  Next, a method of precision surface polishing and drilling of the workpiece 40 according to the present embodiment will be described. First, a fixing base 20 provided with burr relief holes 23a to 23c at a desired position is prepared. As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing base 20 is placed on a heating / cooling table 10 via fixing bolts 50. Install.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the work 40 is placed on the groove portion 21 and the flat portion 22 on the surface of the fixed base 20. Then, after covering the upper surface of the work 40 with a protective sheet (not shown), a weight of about 500 grams is placed on the work 40 via the protective sheet. Thereby, the lower surface of the workpiece 40 can be brought into close contact with the flat portion 22 on the surface of the fixed base 20 without a gap.

  The protective sheet prevents damage to the workpiece 40 due to the weight, but the material of the protective sheet is preferably a material having a low adhesive force with the workpiece fixing agent 30, specifically silicon rubber.

  Then, with the weight placed on the workpiece 40, the sheath heater 11 rapidly heats the surface temperature of the fixing base 20 to a temperature (about 110 ° C.) higher than the melting point (88 ° C.) of the workpiece fixing agent 30. Thereafter, the solid workpiece fixing agent 30 is rubbed against the groove portion 21 or the liquid workpiece fixing agent 30 previously melted is poured into the groove portion 21.

  Here, since the fixing base 20 is preheated to 110 ° C. as described above, it does not solidify when the liquid workpiece fixing agent 30 comes into contact with the surface of the groove portion 21, and remains in a liquid state throughout the entire groove portion 21. Go around smoothly. Thus, the workpiece fixing agent 30 enters between the back surface of the workpiece 40 and the groove portion of the fixing table 20.

  Next, cooling water is poured into the heating / cooling table 10 from the cooling water inlet pipe 12. Thus, the cooling water is passed through the cooling water passages in the heating / cooling table 10 to cool the heating / cooling table 10 to room temperature, and the surface of the fixed base 20 is rapidly cooled. The cooling water in the heating / cooling table 10 is drained through the cooling water outlet pipe 13.

  When the surface temperature of the fixing base 20 becomes equal to or lower than the melting point temperature of the workpiece fixing agent 30, the workpiece fixing agent 30 is solidified to change phase from a liquid state to a solid state, and the workpiece 40 can be closely fixed to the surface of the fixing base 20.

  Thereafter, the weight and the protective sheet are removed from the fixed base 20. At this time, since the protective sheet is made of silicon rubber having no adhesive force to the workpiece fixing agent 30, the protective sheet can be easily peeled from the workpiece fixing agent 30.

  After the workpiece 40 is fixed to the fixed base 20 as described above, the workpiece 40 is subjected to precision surface polishing and drilling while sprinkling water-soluble grinding water on the workpiece 40 according to the set program. At this time, since the burr relief holes 23a to 23c are provided in the fixed base 20, the drill for drilling through the workpiece 40 is inserted into the burr relief holes 23a to 23c.

  Even if burrs occur on the back surface of the workpiece 40, the burrs escape and are mixed with the solidified workpiece fixing agent 30 in the holes 23a to 23c, so that the workpiece 40 is not lifted with respect to the fixing base 20, and fixed to the workpiece 40. Peeling from the base 20 can be prevented. Thereby, the clearance gap between the back surface of the workpiece | work 40 and the plane part 22 of the fixed base 20 can be maintained at zero, and the highly accurate thin plate process excellent in parallelism can be performed efficiently.

  After drilling the workpiece 40 in this manner, the heating / cooling table 10 is heated by the sheathed heater 11 to heat the surface of the fixing base 20 and melt the workpiece fixing agent 30 to be liquid. In this way, the workpiece 40 that is in close contact with the surface of the fixed base 20 can be easily removed from the fixed base 2. Then, the workpiece 40 to be processed next is fixed to the fixed base 20 as described above, and the above steps are repeated.

  Note that the workpiece fixing agent 30 poured into the groove portion 21 may be ground and reduced together with the workpiece 40 at the time of drilling. In this case, the workpiece 40 to be processed next is fixed to the fixing base 20. By injecting a desired amount of the workpiece fixing agent 30 into the groove portion 21 before being fixed to the groove portion 21, the amount of the workpiece fixing agent 30 in the groove portion 21 can be kept at a desired amount.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the burr relief holes 23a to 23c are provided at the positions of the drills on the surface of the fixed base 20 where the workpiece 40 is installed. Thereby, the burr | flash of the workpiece | work 40 which generate | occur | produces at the time of the drilling process with respect to the workpiece | work 40 enters into the burr escape holes 23a-23c, ie, a burr | mixture mixes with the workpiece | work fixing agent 30 in the burr escape holes 23a-23c. It is possible to prevent burrs from accumulating between the back surface and the surface of the fixing base 40. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the workpiece 40 from floating from the fixed base 20 due to the burr.

  Further, since the drill is inserted into the burr escape holes 23a to 23c, it is possible to prevent the surface of the fixing base 20 from being damaged by the drill.

  Furthermore, since the workpiece fixing agent 30 flows into the burr escape holes 23a to 23c, the workpiece fixing agent 30 and the back surface of the workpiece 40 are easily brought into close contact with each other. Thereby, the workpiece | work 40 can be fixed to the fixing stand 20 reliably.

  In this embodiment, using the melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device 100, the workpiece 40 is mounted on the fixing base 20 provided in the device 100 to perform drilling. Accordingly, it is possible to perform drilling without generating burrs between the workpiece 40 and the fixed base 20 and without lifting the workpiece 40 from the fixed base 20.

(Other embodiments)
In the first embodiment, brass is used as the workpiece 40, but it goes without saying that other metal thin plates such as stainless steel and aluminum, and workpieces made of materials such as nonmagnetic metals, ceramics, glass, and resins can be processed. .

  In the first embodiment, the burr escape holes 23 a to 23 c are in a state where they are electrically connected to the groove portion 21, but the burr escape holes 23 a to 23 c do not necessarily have to be electrically connected to the groove portion 21.

  Further, the number and positions of the burr relief holes 23a to 23c formed in the fixing base 20 are not limited to those in the first embodiment, and a desired surface of the fixing base 20 according to the drilling process to be performed. It may be provided at the place. At this time, the work fixing agent 30 can be guided to the burr escape hole by connecting the burr escape hole to the groove portion 21.

  In the first embodiment, the fixing base 20 is only fixed to the heating / cooling table 10 via the fixing bolt 50. Therefore, when a workpiece 40 of another shape is fixed and processed, a fixing base 20 having a burr relief hole is prepared separately according to the processing of the workpiece 40, and the fixing bolt 50 is attached and removed. Therefore, it is only necessary to replace the fixed base 20 on the heating / cooling table 10, so that various processes can be efficiently performed on various workpieces 40.

  In the first embodiment, the grid-like groove portion 21 is provided on the surface of the fixing base 20, but a fitting groove for installing the workpiece 40 is dug on the surface of the fixing base 20, and the workpiece is fixed to the fitting groove. The workpiece 40 may be fixed via the agent 30. In such a case, a burr relief hole for drilling is provided at a desired position in the fitting groove of the fixing base 20.

  In the first embodiment, when the work 40 is fixed to the fixing base 20, after the work 40 is placed on the fixing base 20, the work fixing agent 30 is injected into the groove portion 21 to solidify, and the work 40 is fixed to the fixing base 20. The workpiece fixing agent 30 is first introduced into the fixing base 20 and then the workpiece 40 is placed on the fixing base 20 to solidify the workpiece fixing agent 30 and fix the workpiece 40 to the fixing base 20. It doesn't matter.

1 is a schematic block diagram of a melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view in the vicinity of a workpiece in FIG. 1. It is the schematic of the fixing stand shown by FIG. 2, (a) is a top view of a fixing stand, (b) is AA sectional drawing of (a).

Explanation of symbols

100 ... Melting / solidifying work fixing device, 10 ... Heating / cooling table,
20 ... Fixing base, 21 ... Groove, 23a-23c ... First to third burr relief holes,
30 ... work fixative, 40 ... work.

Claims (2)

A melting / solidification type work fixing device comprising a fixing base (20) for fixing a work (40) via a melting / solidification type fixing agent (30) and a drill for punching the work,
The fixing table has a groove (21) through which the melting / solidifying fixing agent flows and a burr relief hole (23a to 23c) at a position to which the drill is moved on a surface on which the workpiece is installed. And
The burr relief holes, the conjunction in communication with the groove, the and melting and solidification formula fixative adapted to flow, further, Ri magnitude der that play occurs around the drill,
Wherein among the fixing base surface, said portion not forming the groove plane portion (22) and Do melting and solidification type, characterized in Rukoto that the said surface of the fixing base and the rear surface of the workpiece is in direct contact Work fixing device. A machining method for machining a workpiece (40) using the melting / solidifying workpiece fixing device (100) according to claim 1,
Mounting the work (40) on the fixing table (20) provided in the melting / solidifying work fixing device;
A step of fixing the work to the fixing table by bringing the melting / solidification-type fixing agent (30) into contact with the work in a molten state, and cooling and solidifying the melting / solidification-type fixing agent;
A step of drilling the workpiece;
And a step of removing the workpiece from the fixing base by heating and melting the melting / solidifying type fixing agent after completion of the drilling process.

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