JP4868587B2 - Cryptoxanthin-containing composition - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cryptoxanthin-containing composition that can be used in foods and drinks, cosmetics, feeds, pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, etc., and has improved absorption and utilization efficiency (bioavailability) in the living body.

  Carotenoids are a kind of pigment component of animals, plants, and microorganisms. These foods often contain specific carotenoids, such as β-carotene for carrots, astaxanthin for crustacean shells, and lycopene for tomatoes. .

  Carotenoids are used as coloring agents for foods and drinks and pharmaceuticals because of their dietary experience and safety. Moreover, it is used not only as a colorant but also for applications focusing on its functionality. For example, β-carotene is widely used as provitamin A in various health foods and supplements. Complex carotenoids such as β-carotene and lycopene have been added to various health foods in anticipation of normalizing the body environment by exerting an antioxidant function. Moreover, as an example specialized for a specific function, a health food in which lutein is blended with a blueberry extract or the like is commercially available as a supplement effective for improving the visual function.

  Among them, cryptoxanthin is a carotenoid that is specifically contained in Wenzhou oranges and persimmons, and is one of the six major carotenoids detected in human serum. The usefulness of cryptoxanthin is clear from animal studies and epidemiological studies that it is effective in preventing osteoporosis, diabetes, alcoholic liver injury, rheumatism, arteriosclerosis, etc. Unlike other major carotenoids, the current situation is that commercialization has not progressed for reasons such as low absorbability.

  When taken orally, nutrients such as cryptoxanthin are absorbed from the intestinal tract, circulate through the body in body fluids such as blood, and are absorbed and converted at the required site (organ) to exert their functions. However, it is said that aging and lifestyle habits (stress, environmental pollution, lack of exercise, etc.) reduce these series of physiological functions and lead to deterioration of the in vivo utilization efficiency of nutrients. For this reason, supplements etc. recommend taking an excessive amount in consideration of such poor utilization efficiency. However, such excessive intake is not only economically wasteful but also has a concern that it may adversely affect the living body. Cryptoxanthin, which has low water solubility, is known to have low absorption and utilization efficiency relative to the intake, so it is necessary even if it is consumed excessively from foods and drinks due to low absorption of nutrients due to aging and lifestyle habits. May not be absorbed. For this reason, in order to efficiently use the superior functions of cryptoxanthin, there has been a need for a form of cryptoxanthin that can be efficiently absorbed and used by the living body with a small amount of intake without excessive intake.

  Conventionally, proposals have been made regarding a method for producing a stable carotenoid emulsion. For example, a preparation in which an oily substance of carotene is emulsified and dispersed in an aqueous medium using an emulsifier (for example, see Patent Document 1), or a composition of β-carotene and a specific polyglycerol fatty acid ester (for example, see Patent Document 2). There is something about.

These preparations and compositions according to the prior art refer to stability in foods, but do not mention carotenoid absorbability and absorption efficiency at all. Further, it has been confirmed that when carotenoids such as β-carotene and lutein are emulsified with an emulsifier or a surfactant, the absorbability in the intestinal tract is improved (for example, see Non-Patent Documents 1, 2 and 3). There is no literature that mentions or suggests improvement in absorption and absorption efficiency with food emulsifiers for xanthine.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-38273 JP 2000-159663 A T. Sugawara et al. J. Nutr. 131 2921-2917 (2001) Baskaran et al. Lipids 38 705-711 (2003) SM O'Sullivan et al. Br. J. Nutr. 91 757-764 (2004)

  An object of the present invention is to provide a composition capable of improving the absorbability of cryptoxanthin into a living body and efficiently obtaining the physiological effect of cryptoxanthin with a small amount of ingestion.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, the present inventors have found that bioavailability is dramatically improved by using cryptoxanthin as an emulsified composition. In particular, the present inventors have found that the composition of a free form of cryptoxanthin and an emulsifier has high intestinal absorptivity, and has reached the present invention.

That is, the first of the present invention is a cryptoxanthin-containing composition in which cryptoxanthin (free form) and / or an ester thereof is emulsified by an emulsifier, wherein the cryptoxanthin (free form) and / or an ester thereof is And a cryptoxanthin-containing composition characterized in that it contains 20% by mass or more of cryptoxanthin (free form) , preferably, cryptoxanthin and / or its ester form is Satsuma mandarin. More preferably, the cryptoxanthin-containing composition described above, wherein the emulsifier is an emulsifier having an HLB value of 10 or more.

  The second aspect of the present invention is a food or drink characterized by containing the above-described cryptoxanthin-containing composition.

  The third aspect of the present invention is a gist of a pharmaceutical, a cosmetic or a feed comprising the cryptoxanthin-containing composition described above.

  According to the present invention, the absorption and absorption efficiency of cryptoxanthin into a living body can be remarkably improved, and the efficiency can be improved by ingesting a small amount by using foods and drinks, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics or feeds containing them. Thus, the physiological effect of cryptoxanthin can be obtained.

  The present invention is described in detail below.

The cryptoxanthin (free form) and / or ester thereof used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include α-cryptoxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and fatty acid esters thereof. The fatty acid length is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include fatty acid esters such as lauric acid (C12), myristic acid (C14), palmitic acid (C16), and stearic acid (C18). Moreover, as a supply source of these cryptoxanthin (free body) and / or its ester body, it is especially preferable that it is derived from Unshu mandarin orange which is a large amount of production and is an ancient Japanese fruit.

Moreover, the emulsifier used for emulsification of these cryptoxanthin (free body) and / or its ester body is not specifically limited, The existing food emulsifier, ie, glycerin fatty acid ester (monoglyceride), organic acid monoglyceride, Polyglycerin fatty acid ester (polyglycerin ester), polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester, saponin, sucrose fatty acid ester (sucrose ester), lecithin, enzymatically decomposed lecithin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, vegetable gums such as , Gum arabic, xanthan gum, etc., starches such as dextrin, modified starch, etc., proteins such as casein, gelatin etc. can be used, among which emulsifiers with an HLB value of 10 or more are preferred. When emulsified with polyglycerin fatty acid ester or sucrose fatty acid ester as an emulsifier, such as is preferred because the increased bioavailability.

  Further, as an emulsification method, a method generally used for emulsification of foods such as a phase inversion emulsification method and a mechanical forced emulsification method can be used, but a method that does not cause a decrease in the amount of cryptoxanthin due to heat or the like, for example, temperature For example, a mild mechanical emulsification method that does not involve a rapid rise in the viscosity is desirable. For the purpose of reducing the loss of cryptoxanthin in the emulsification step, an antioxidant such as vitamin E or vitamin C may be added to cryptoxanthin in advance or during emulsification. As another method for reducing the loss of cryptoxanthin, emulsification may be performed under a low oxygen condition such as a nitrogen atmosphere. Moreover, you may use together the addition of an antioxidant, and the emulsification process under low oxygen conditions.

The blending amount of cryptoxanthin (free form) and / or its ester form in the present composition is not particularly limited, and is preferably in the range of 0.00001 to 70% (weight ratio), preferably 0.0001. The range of -50% (weight ratio), more preferably 0.01-30% (weight ratio) is suitable. Further, the ratio of cryptoxanthin (free form) to the total amount of cryptoxanthin (free form) and its ester form is 20% or more , and preferably 50% or more, because the effect of improving bioavailability is high. Generally, about 15 to 20% of cryptoxanthin in Wenzhou mandarin oranges varies depending on the variety, year of production, and harvest time, but about 15 to 20% exists as cryptoxanthin (free form) and the rest exists as fatty acid ester form. It has been known. Methods for increasing the ratio of cryptoxanthin (free form) include selective extraction with solvents and supercritical fluids, and methods using a difference in solubility. Examples include a method of saponifying an ester form to a free form by adding an agent.

  As a method of ingesting the cryptoxanthin-containing composition of the present invention, the composition may be ingested as it is, or powder, tablet, granule, capsule, soft capsule, gel, paste, syrup, suspension It may be processed into an emulsion, a drink, etc. and ingested.

  Furthermore, the cryptoxanthin-containing composition of the present invention may be ingested by mixing with food and drink, feed, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs and the like. As a pharmaceutical, it can be ingested in the form of powders, tablets, granules, capsules, suspensions, syrups, liquids for internal use, troches and the like.

  The food and drink of the present invention includes all foods and / or beverages such as general foods, foods for specified health use, health foods and functional foods. The food and / or beverage is not particularly limited. For example, in addition to the above-mentioned pharmaceutical form, bread, udon, buckwheat, rice, and other staple foods, cheese, wiener, sausage, ham, fish meat Processed foods, ice cream, cookies, jelly, pudding, candy, chewing gum, yogurt, gummy, chocolate, biscuits and other sweets, jams and other seasonings, fruit juices, soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, nutritional drinks , Drinks such as tea and milk.

  As the feed, the cryptoxanthin-containing composition of the present invention includes, for example, corn, wheat, barley, rye and other grains, bran, rice bran and other bran, corn gluten meal and corn jam meal and other non-fat dry milk, It can be produced by blending into animal feeds such as whey, fish meal and bone meal, yeasts such as brewer's yeast, calciums such as calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate, vitamins, oils and fats, amino acids and sugars. As a use of feed, it can be used for pet food, livestock feed, feed for cultured fish, and the like.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below. In addition, this invention does not limit the range by this Example.

Example 1
1 mg of commercially available β-cryptoxanthin reagent (manufactured by Extrasynthes) was dissolved in 10 mL of DMSO. 1 mL of this β-cryptoxanthin solution was mixed with 1 mL of 0.25 w / v% Ryoto-polyglycerester M-10D (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) solution, 1 mL of 0.01 w / v% sodium taurocholate solution, and 97 mL of Hanks's solution. And stirred for 10 minutes. Β-cryptoxanthin in the prepared emulsified β-cryptoxanthin solution was quantified by HPLC.

  Intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells were cultured in a monolayer on a microplate (6 well) for 14 days to differentiate into intestinal epithelium, then the medium was removed and 1 mL of the above-mentioned emulsified β-cryptoxanthin solution was added. After treatment at 37 ° C. for 2 hours, the cells were washed and collected, and β-cryptoxanthin extracted by hexane and incorporated into the cells was measured by HPLC. As a result, about 2.5% of the added β-cryptoxanthin was taken up by the cells.

Comparative Example 1
1 mL of β-cryptoxanthin DMSO solution used for emulsification in Example 1 was mixed with 1 mL of 0.01 w / v% sodium taurocholate solution and 98 mL of Hanks's solution, and stirred for 10 minutes. Β-cryptoxanthin in the prepared β-cryptoxanthin solution was quantified by HPLC.

  When this β-cryptoxanthin solution was administered to Caco-2 cells in the same manner as in Example 1 and the incorporation of β-cryptoxanthin into the cells was examined, about 0.2% of the added β-cryptoxanthin was found to be cells. Was taken in.

Example 2
Mix 5 mL of commercially available Wenzhou mandarin orange juice with 1 mL of 0.025 w / v% Ryoto Polyglycerester M-10D (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) solution, 1 mL of 0.01 w / v% sodium taurocholate solution, and 93 mL of Hanks's solution. Stir for 20 minutes. Β-cryptoxanthin in the prepared emulsified orange juice was quantified by HPLC.

  When this emulsified Satsuma mandarin juice was administered to Caco-2 cells in the same manner as in Example 1 and the incorporation of β-cryptoxanthin into the cells was examined, about 2.0% of the added β-cryptoxanthin was in the cells. It was taken in.

Comparative Example 2
5 mL of Wenzhou mandarin orange juice was mixed with 1 mL of 0.01 w / v% sodium taurocholate solution and 94 mL of Hank's solution and stirred for 20 minutes. This Satsuma mandarin juice was given to Caco-2 cells in the same manner as in Example 1, and β-cryptoxanthin incorporated into the cells was extracted with hexane and measured by HPLC. As a result, about 0.6% of the added β-cryptoxanthin was taken up by the cells.

Example 3
After extracting and filtering 40 g of Satsuma mandarin pulp, which was the residue after squeezing Satsuma mandarin, hexane was distilled off by concentration under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 10 mL of ethanol. 1 mL of this Wenzhou mandarin pulp extract was mixed with 0.25 w / v% Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695 (Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.) solution, 1 mL of 0.01 w / v% sodium taurocholate solution, Hank's solution 10 Stir for minutes. When β-cryptoxanthin in the prepared emulsified Satsuma mandarin pulp extract was quantified by HPLC, the ratio of β-cryptoxanthin (free body) to β-cryptoxanthin and its ester was 17%.

  When this emulsified Satsuma mandarin pulp extract was administered to Caco-2 cells in the same manner as in Example 1, and the uptake of β-cryptoxanthin into the cells was examined, about 5.5% of the added β-cryptoxanthin was found to be. It was taken up by the cells.

Comparative Example 3
1 mL of the same Wenzhou mandarin orange pulp extract used in Example 3 was mixed with 0.01 mL of 0.01 w / v% sodium taurocholate solution and 98 mL of Hanks's solution and stirred for 10 minutes. Β-cryptoxanthin in the prepared Satsuma mandarin pulp extract was quantified by HPLC.

  When this Satsuma mandarin pulp extract was administered to Caco-2 cells in the same manner as in Example 1 and the incorporation of β-cryptoxanthin into the cells was examined, about 0.2% of the added β-cryptoxanthin was found to be cells. Was taken in.

Example 4
5 mL of 1.6 w / v% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to 1 mL of the same Satsuma mandarin pulp extract used in Example 3, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. After stirring, the pH was adjusted to 4 with hydrochloric acid, and 1 mL of 0.25 w / v% Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695 (Mitsubishi Chemical) and 1 mL of 0.01 w / v% sodium taurocholate solution were added. The solution was made 100 mL and stirred for 10 minutes. When β-cryptoxanthin in the prepared emulsified Satsuma mandarin pulp extract was quantified by HPLC, the ratio of β-cryptoxanthin (free body) to β-cryptoxanthin and its ester was 55%.

  When this emulsified Satsuma mandarin pulp extract was administered to Caco-2 cells in the same manner as in Example 1 and the incorporation of β-cryptoxanthin into the cells was examined, about 10.5% of the added β-cryptoxanthin was found to be It was taken up by the cells.

Comparative Example 4
1 mL of 0.01 w / v% sodium taurocholate solution was added to 1 mL of the alkali-treated product of the same Satsuma mandarin pulp extract used in Example 4, and the mixture was made up to 100 mL with Hank's solution and stirred for 10 minutes.

When this Satsuma mandarin pulp extract was administered to Caco-2 cells in the same manner as in Example 1 and the incorporation of β-cryptoxanthin into the cells was examined, about 0.2% of the added β-cryptoxanthin was found to be cells. Was taken in.

Claims (5)

Cryptoxanthine (free body) and / or ester thereof is a cryptoxanthin-containing composition emulsified with polyglycerin fatty acid ester or sucrose fatty acid ester, and the cryptoxanthin (free body) and / or ester thereof Contains 20% by mass or more of cryptoxanthin (free form).   The cryptoxanthin-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the cryptoxanthin (free body) and / or the ester thereof is derived from Wenzhou oranges. The cryptoxanthin-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the polyglycerol fatty acid ester or sucrose fatty acid ester has an HLB value of 10 or more.   Food / beverage products containing the cryptoxanthin containing composition of any one of Claims 1-3.   A pharmaceutical, cosmetic or feed comprising the cryptoxanthin-containing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3.