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JP4716597B2 - Manufacture of artificial leather made of water-based polyurethane - Google Patents

Manufacture of artificial leather made of water-based polyurethane Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4716597B2
JP4716597B2 JP2001107958A JP2001107958A JP4716597B2 JP 4716597 B2 JP4716597 B2 JP 4716597B2 JP 2001107958 A JP2001107958 A JP 2001107958A JP 2001107958 A JP2001107958 A JP 2001107958A JP 4716597 B2 JP4716597 B2 JP 4716597B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
water
dyeing
artificial leather
sodium
polyurethane resin
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JP2001107958A
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JP2002302881A (en
Inventor
明治 村岡
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Asahi Kasei Corp
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Asahi Kasei Fibers Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、水系ポリウレタン樹脂を用いた人工皮革の製造法に関し、より詳しくは、水系ポリウレタン樹脂からなる人工皮革原反を液流染色機で染色するに際し、染色時のウレタン樹脂脱落が極めて少なく、又脱落したウレタン樹脂による染色機内汚染や染色生地への再付着が著しく改善された人工皮革の製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
極細繊維を主体とする不織布に各種の高分子化合物を含浸、付与して人工皮革を得ることは一般に広く知られている。この場合の高分子化合物は、人工皮革として柔軟で且つ弾力性のある風合い、耐久性、寸法安定性などの物性を得るためにポリウレタン樹脂が多く使われる。
一般にポリウレタン樹脂は、有機溶剤に溶解した溶液として不織布シート状物に含浸され湿式凝固される場合が多い。しかしながら、その際に使用される有機溶剤は引火性で且つ毒性の強い物質であることが多く、又環境汚染防止の為に溶剤回収が必須で多大のコストが発生するという欠点がある。また、昨今の地球環境保護への関心の高まりの中、有機溶剤タイプから水系ポリウレタンタイプへの移行は、よりエコロジカルな技術として注目を浴びている。
【0003】
ところが、水系ポリウレタンからなる人工皮革の多くは、130℃の熱水液流染色に耐えられず、ポリウレタン樹脂の一部が染色中に脱落し染色機壁に付着したり熱交換チューブを閉塞させ、更に染色機内に蓄積したポリウレタン樹脂の固まりが熱分解を起こすことにより粘着性を帯び、更に染色中の生地に再付着し製品としての欠点となるなど工業生産技術としては課題の多いものであった。
本発明者は、先に特開平07−229071号公報や特開平11−81156号公報において、これら水系ポリウレタン樹脂からなる人工皮革製造技術上の課題の改善に努め、大きな成果を上げてきたものの技術レベルの一層の向上を目指す上に於いては十分なものではなかった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、水系ポリウレタン樹脂を用いた人工皮革原反を液流染色機で染色するに際し、染色時のポリウレタン樹脂脱落が極めて少なく、又脱落したポリウレタン樹脂による機内汚染や染色生地への再付着が著しく改善された人工皮革の製造技術を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、水系ポリウレタン樹脂からなる人工皮革の高温液流染色で発生する前述の課題において特に、染料濃度が5%omf程度以下の中淡色での染色釜内での脱落や、染色釜の汚染の激しさに着目し、鋭意検討の結果本発明に到達した。
本発明は、少なくとも表面繊維層として極細繊維を主体とする繊維層を含んで成る不織布シート状物に、水系ポリウレタンを付与した原反を液流染色するに際し、染料の他にポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウムを添加濃度0.2g/l〜3.0g/lで加えて染色することを特徴とするものであり、ポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウムの分子量域が3×103 〜100×103 であることを特徴とするものである
【0006】
本発明者は、液流染色機内の汚染度、熱交換機トラブル発生頻度、染色生地への分解ポリウレタン樹脂欠点付着の発生率について、1ヶ月単位で最低3ヶ月間のデータを繰り返し採取し、解析した。その結果、染料濃度5%omf程度以下では、中淡色に集中して上記欠点が発生し、その発生率は全体の90%を占めていることが判った。
この現象から、ある特定の染料成分が、ポリウレタン樹脂の脱落や、染色機内の汚染を抑制する働きをしているのではないかと推測し、染料の水系ポリウレタン樹脂への影響を調べた。その結果、染料には、ポリウレタン樹脂フィルムの130℃での熱水処理による膨潤を抑制する効果や、ポリウレタン樹脂の耐熱性を強化向上させる効果があることを見いだした。このような結果から、染色に悪影響を与えない薬剤を添加すれば問題は解決出来ると考え、染料中に含まれるリグニンやタモールといった分散剤の存在をヒントに、人工皮革原反内の水系ポリウレタン樹脂膜に対して膨潤抑制、耐熱強化作用を有し、かつ、染色時に併用可能な薬剤の選定を精力的に検討した。
【0007】
その結果、本発明のポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウム及び/又はリグニンスルフォン酸ナトリウムを染色時に染料と共に併用する技術を開発するに至った。
本発明の技術開発により、問題となる原因の90%を占めていた中淡色域での発生率は10%以下に飛躍的に改善され、濃色域においては、欠点発生を完全になくすことが出来た。さらに、従来、平均2週間稼働毎に実施していた染色機のクリーニング作業は1ヶ月に延長することができた。また、生地に付着して欠点となっていたポリウレタン樹脂屑付着によるC反率は、1/10に激減した。
【0008】
以下に本発明の詳細を説明する。
ポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウム(以下「PHA」と称する。)については、その分子量域が3×103 〜100×103 であることが好ましい。膨潤抑制、耐熱強化の点より3×103 〜40×103 と比較的低分子量域のものが更に好ましい。特に、水系ポリウレタン樹脂の鎖伸張基としてアミノ基を有す場合には、低分子量域のPHAは、水系ポリウレタン樹脂に対して強い親和性を有する。本発明者は、この理由について、PHAが比較的低分子量である為、水系ポリウレタン樹脂内部に深く浸透することが出来、その結果として、結合を強めているものと推察している。具体的な商品名では、日華化学社製ネオレートPLC8800が最も好ましい。
【0009】
PHAは、水溶性で無色である為、着色汚染はない。添加濃度は0.2〜3.0g/lであることが好ましい。添加濃度が3.0g/lを越えると色相が変わるなどの難点が生じるだけでなくコスト的にも好ましくない。ポリウレタン脱落抑制効果、粘着抑制効果、染色コストの点からみて、PHAの添加濃度は、0.5〜2.0g/lが更に好ましい。
リグニンスルフォン酸ナトリウム(以下「LSA」と称する。)については、その5%水溶液のPHが8.0〜9.5で、且つ平均分子量が8×103 〜25×103 (GPC測定)のものが好ましい。
【0010】
LSAの平均分子量の測定法は、以下の通りである。
まず、超純水(4890g)、2−プロパノール(15g)、4ホウ酸ナトリウム・10H2 O(95.5g)を溶解させ超音波で脱気した溶離液を作成した後、リグニン試料0.03%の濃度で希釈しGPC測定用試料とする。GPC(ゲルクロマトグラフィー)は検出器を示差屈折計でポンプ流速1ml/分 カラム温度50℃にて測定した後、計算ソフトを用いて重量平均分子量として求めた値で示したものである。
PH8.0末端では分散性が悪く不適であり、PH9.5超えても分散性が悪く好ましくない。
【0011】
GPCによる平均分子量8×103 〜25×103 はリグニンの中でも高分子量域に相当するものであるが膨潤抑制、耐熱強化の点から10×103 〜20×103 のものが更に好ましい。具体的な商品名としては、日本製紙社製パールレックスNPが挙げられる。LSAの有効性については、LSAが、芳香族高分子ポリマーとして水系ウレタン樹脂表面を完全に覆い尽くし、ポリウレタン樹脂をブロックすることで、本発明の効果が発揮されるのではないかと考えられる。
リグニンスルフォン酸ナトリウムについても製法の改良が進み、着色汚染の少ないものが入手出来るようになったが、完全ではなく、ブルー系などの極淡色では汚染の影響で鮮明度が落ちるが他色では問題ない。
【0012】
リグニンスルフォン酸ナトリウムの中には、染料中に分散剤として使用されているものもある。同様な分散剤としてタモールと呼ばれるナフタレンスルフォン酸ナトリウムがあるがリグニンスルフォン酸ナトリウムほどの効果はない。
LSAの添加濃度は、0.2〜3.0g/lが好ましく、1.0〜2.0g/lの範囲が更に好ましい。
PHAとLSAとは、各々単独に、別々に添加しても良く、また同時に添加しても良い。
【0013】
一般に、工業的に生産される染色物は、淡色から始め徐徐に濃色染色に主体を移すようにして染色機を効率的に運転していくやり方が業界の常識である。濃色から淡色に移る時に釜内の脱色洗浄を行う。水酸化ナトリウム/二酸化チオ尿素やハイドロサルファイトナトリウム、場合によってはノニオン系界面活性剤を併用することもある。温度は90℃、必要に応じて130℃まで昇温することもある。この釜洗浄操作の後に水洗操作を行うが、この時に上記本発明のポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウム及び/又はリグニンスルフォン酸ナトリウムを添加して130℃で水洗洗浄する操作を組み合わせると本発明の効果を一層高めることが出来る。
又、本発明の詳細はポリエステルを念頭に於いた130℃高温染色を中心に説明しているが、素材によっては100℃染色のものもあり、これらの染色においても有効である。
【0014】
本発明の水系ポリウレタン樹脂は、ポリオール成分としてはポリエチレンアジペートグリコール、ポリブチレンアジペートグリコールなどのポリエステルジオール類、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコールなどのポリエーテルグリコール類、ポリカーボネートジオール類等が適用出来、イソシアネート成分としては、ジフェニルメタン−4,4’−ジイソシアネート等の芳香族イソシアネート、ジシクロヘキシルメタン−4,4’−ジイソシアネート等の脂環族イソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンイソシアネート等の脂肪族ジイソシアネート等が使用出来、鎖伸張剤としては、エチレングリコール等のグリコール類、エチレンジアミン、4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン等のジアミン類、更には3官能のアルコール、アミン等を適宜選択して使用することが出来る。
【0015】
重合方法は、強制乳化重合法、イオン化重合法等が挙げられるがこれらに制限されるものではない。必要に応じて、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、耐熱安定剤、着色顔料などを添加することも出来る。
本発明の好ましい水系ポリウレタン樹脂としては、アミン伸張によるポリエーテル系の無黄変ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリカーボネート系の無黄変ポリウレタン樹脂が好適である。
極細繊維の繊維素材としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート(PTT)、ナイロン6,ナイロン66,ポリアクリルニトリルなどが好ましい。
【0016】
極細繊維の製法としては、湿式や乾式又は溶融紡糸により直接紡糸されたもの、更にメルトブローン法、海島型繊維及びポリマーブレンドによる方法から一成分を抽出除去する方法、割繊糸法によって得られるものが使用できる。
本発明においては、単繊維繊度0.6dtex以下の極細繊維を主体とした表面繊維層を有する不織布シート状物が使用される。該単繊維繊度が、0.6dtexを越える場合は、繊維の剛性が大きくなり、表面立毛の腰が強く人工皮革特有の手触り感、ライティング効果を得ることが出来ない。
【0017】
不織布シート状物としては、上記各種極細繊維からカード、クロスレイヤー、ランダムウェバー等の乾式法、水中に極細繊維を分散させて湿式抄造法により不織布ウエッブを製造しニードルパンチ、流体交絡法により三次元構造交絡不織布シートが好ましい。該シート状物内に、織編物を内封した交絡シートは強度、寸法安定性の確保の点からさらに好ましい構造体である。
不織布シート状物中に少量の温水可溶性短繊維(例えばビニロン)を混合することも問題ない。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に実施例などにより、本発明を更に具体的に説明する。
本発明の効果を最も厳しい条件で発現させるため、原反を染料なし液流染色機にて、130℃で30分の熱水処理を実施した後、脱液し、還元洗浄する方式を用いた。
測定及び評価方法は次の通りである。
▲1▼ポリウレタン脱落性(PU脱落率%)
熱水処理前後における重量減から計算で求めたもの。
▲2▼RC液濁度(還元洗浄後の液濁度)
還元洗浄液を採取し、光の透過度から液の濁りを求めた。濁りの全くない状態がゼロ(0)で、数値が1に近づくほど濁りが大きいことを意味する。
【0019】
▲3▼繊維屑とウレタン屑の比率
サーキュラー染色機内ストレーナーへの付着物を採取し、熱分析(DSC)による融解熱量から、繊維屑とウレタン屑の比率を求めた。
▲4▼染色色相
添加剤なしによる染色物に対し測色による色差が1.0NBS以下を○、1.0〜1.5NBSを△、それ以上の色差を×とした。
▲5▼粘着性
厚み0.75mmのアプリケーターを使用して作った水系ポリウレタンフィルムを130℃熱水処理したのち、還元洗浄したものの表面の粘着感を指で触り定性的に評価した。
○ : 粘着性なし
△ : わずかに粘着性あり
× : かなり粘着性あり
【0020】
▲6▼面積膨潤率
上記アプリケーターで作成したポリウレタンフィルムを10cm四方にカットし、各種染色併用薬剤の下での130℃での熱水処理による面積から求めた。
▲7▼ポリウレタン屑C反率
製品反物30m中に、ポリウレタン屑の欠点が5個以上の反物をC反とし、その発生率を、C反率とする。
【0021】
【実施例1〜4、参考実施例5、比較例1〜4】
直接紡糸法によって単繊維繊度0.17dtexのポリエチレンテレフタレート極細繊維を製造し、長さ5mmに切断した後、水中に分散させ表層用と裏層用の抄造スラリーを作った。
表層目付100g/m2 、裏層目付50g/m2 とし、その中間に85dtex/36fのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維からなるガーゼ状の織物を挿入し、三層積層構造の不織布シートを連続抄造で製造した。次いで、高速水流の噴射により三次元交絡不織布を得た。高速水流は、孔径0.10mmの直進流噴射ノズルを用いて表層から4.0Ma、裏層から3.0Maの圧力で処理した。次いで、ピンテンターで乾燥し、目付200g/m2 、厚さ0.7mmのシート状物を連続的に製造した。このシート状物の表層を#400のエメリーペーパーを用いてペーパー速度1000m/分でバフィングしスエード調とした。
【0022】
このものに、ポリエーテル系水系ポリウレタンエマルジョン(日華化学社製、エバファノールAP12(商品名))を9wt%、硫酸ナトリウム(Na2 SO4 )3wt%、酸化防止剤としてチバガイギー社製、キマソーブ944LD(商品名)をウレタン樹脂固形分に対し1.0wt%になるように添加した含浸液を、ピックアップ率120%で含浸し、ピンテンターにて連続的に乾燥させスエード調人工皮革原反を得た。
この人工皮革原反を100Lスケールの日阪製作所製CUT−RA液流染色機を用いて浴比1:15で染色併用薬剤を添加して染色実験(染料なし)を行った。その後、二酸化チオ尿素、水酸化ナトリウム各3g/lで、80℃ 20分の還元洗浄を行った。
【0023】
個々の条件での脱落率、濁り度、ストレーナー詰まり物のポリエステル繊維(PET)/ポリウレタン(PU)比率及び染色併用薬剤処理ウレタンフィルムの粘着性、面積膨潤率を表1にまとめた
表1に示す通り、本発明のポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウム(日華化学社製、ネオレートPLC8800(商品名))及びリグニンスルフォン酸ナトリウム(日本製紙社製、パールレックスNP(商品名))が良好な結果を有するものであった。
【0024】
【表1】

Figure 0004716597
【0025】
【実施例6、参考実施例7、比較例6】
実施例1の人工皮革原反を用いて日阪製作所製、1300Lスケールの大型実機液流染色機(CUT−SR)で染色して、分散染料による染色を続けながら、各条件1ヶ月間(60バッチ)の連続運転データを採取した。
ポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウム(ネオレートPLC8800)の使用量は1g/l、リグニンスルフォン酸ナトリウム(パールレックスNP)の使用量は2g/lとした。又、釜洗浄時の使用量も同量とした。
各条件への切り替え前に、必ず、染色機を分解掃除して屑除去した後に、テストに入ることとし、終了後に後部ハッチ周辺の屑汚染状態を目視で評価した。更に、1ヶ月間の熱交換機チューブ詰まりの回数をチェックした。又、染色反の最終検査にて、表面に付着したポリウレタン樹脂屑によるC反率を評価した。
表2にその結果をまとめたが、本発明の薬剤の効果は絶大であった。
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 0004716597
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上の通り、極細繊維不織布シートに水系ウレタン樹脂を含浸してなる人工皮革原反を液流染色するに際し、本発明の染色併用薬剤を用いて染色することで、染色時のウレタン樹脂脱落を極めて少なく、又、脱落したウレタン樹脂による機内汚染や染色生地への再付着が著しく改善され染色機の稼働と加工収率の大幅な向上を達成することが可能となる画期的な技術の提供である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing artificial leather using a water-based polyurethane resin, and more specifically, when dyeing an artificial leather raw fabric made of a water-based polyurethane resin with a liquid dyeing machine, there is very little loss of urethane resin during dyeing, Further, the present invention relates to a method for producing artificial leather in which the contamination inside the dyeing machine due to the dropped urethane resin and the reattachment to the dyed fabric are remarkably improved.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is generally known to obtain artificial leather by impregnating and applying various polymer compounds to a nonwoven fabric mainly composed of ultrafine fibers. As the polymer compound in this case, a polyurethane resin is often used in order to obtain physical properties such as a soft and elastic texture, durability and dimensional stability as an artificial leather.
In general, a polyurethane resin is often impregnated into a nonwoven sheet as a solution dissolved in an organic solvent and wet-coagulated. However, the organic solvent used at that time is often a flammable and highly toxic substance, and there is a disadvantage that solvent recovery is essential to prevent environmental pollution and a great cost is generated. In addition, with the recent increase in interest in protecting the global environment, the shift from organic solvent types to water-based polyurethane types is attracting attention as a more ecological technology.
[0003]
However, most of artificial leather made of water-based polyurethane cannot withstand hot water flow dyeing at 130 ° C., and part of the polyurethane resin falls off during dyeing and adheres to the dyeing machine wall or closes the heat exchange tube. Furthermore, the mass of polyurethane resin accumulated in the dyeing machine became sticky due to thermal decomposition, and it reattached to the fabric being dyed, resulting in defects as a product, and there were many problems in industrial production technology. .
The inventor of the present invention has made great achievements in the prior art in JP-A-07-229071 and JP-A-11-81156 in order to improve the technical problems in manufacturing artificial leather made of these water-based polyurethane resins. It was not enough to aim for further improvement of the level.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, when an artificial leather original fabric using a water-based polyurethane resin is dyed with a liquid dyeing machine, the polyurethane resin is hardly removed at the time of dyeing, and the fallen polyurethane resin causes in-machine contamination and reattachment to the dyed fabric. The object is to provide a significantly improved technique for manufacturing artificial leather.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In particular, in the above-mentioned problem that occurs in high-temperature liquid dyeing of artificial leather made of water-based polyurethane resin, the present inventor dropped off in a dyeing pot with a light and medium color of a dye concentration of about 5% omf or less. Focusing on the severity of contamination, the present invention was reached as a result of intensive studies.
In the present invention, in addition to a dye, poly α-hydroxyacrylic is used for liquid dyeing a raw fabric provided with water-based polyurethane on a non-woven sheet comprising at least a fiber layer mainly composed of ultrafine fibers as a surface fiber layer. It is characterized by adding sodium acid at an addition concentration of 0.2 g / l to 3.0 g / l and dyeing, and the molecular weight range of poly α-sodium hydroxyacrylate is 3 × 10 3 to 100 × 10 3. and it is characterized in der Rukoto.
[0006]
The present inventor repeatedly collected and analyzed data for at least 3 months in units of 1 month about the degree of contamination in the liquid dyeing machine, the frequency of troubles in heat exchangers, and the occurrence rate of degradation polyurethane resin defects on the dyed fabric. . As a result, it was found that when the dye concentration was about 5% omf or less, the above-mentioned defects occurred mainly in the middle and light colors, and the occurrence rate accounted for 90% of the total.
From this phenomenon, it was speculated that a specific dye component may have a function of suppressing the dropping of the polyurethane resin and the contamination in the dyeing machine, and the influence of the dye on the aqueous polyurethane resin was investigated. As a result, it has been found that the dye has an effect of suppressing the swelling of the polyurethane resin film due to the hot water treatment at 130 ° C. and the effect of enhancing and improving the heat resistance of the polyurethane resin. From these results, we believe that the problem can be solved by adding chemicals that do not adversely affect dyeing, and based on the presence of dispersants such as lignin and tamol contained in the dye, water-based polyurethane resin in the artificial leather raw fabric The selection of drugs that have swelling suppression and heat strengthening effects on the membrane and can be used in combination with the dyeing was energetically studied.
[0007]
As a result, the present inventors have developed a technique for using the sodium polyα-hydroxyacrylate and / or sodium lignin sulfonate of the present invention together with a dye during dyeing.
With the technical development of the present invention, the occurrence rate in the mid-light color gamut, which accounted for 90% of the causes causing problems, has been dramatically improved to 10% or less, and in the dark color gamut, the occurrence of defects can be completely eliminated. done. Furthermore, it was possible to extend the cleaning operation of the dyeing machine, which was conventionally performed every two weeks on average, to one month. Moreover, the C reaction rate due to the polyurethane resin scrap adhering to the fabric, which was a defect, drastically decreased to 1/10.
[0008]
Details of the present invention will be described below.
The poly (sodium α-hydroxyacrylate) (hereinafter referred to as “PHA”) preferably has a molecular weight range of 3 × 10 3 to 100 × 10 3 . A comparatively low molecular weight range of 3 × 10 3 to 40 × 10 3 is more preferable from the viewpoint of swelling suppression and heat strengthening. In particular, when an amino group is included as a chain extending group of the water-based polyurethane resin, the low molecular weight PHA has a strong affinity for the water-based polyurethane resin. The inventor presumes that for this reason, PHA has a relatively low molecular weight, so that it can penetrate deeply into the water-based polyurethane resin, and as a result, the bond is strengthened. As a specific trade name, Neorate PLC8800 manufactured by Nikka Chemical Co., Ltd. is most preferable.
[0009]
Since PHA is water-soluble and colorless, there is no color contamination. The addition concentration is preferably 0.2 to 3.0 g / l. If the concentration exceeds 3.0 g / l, not only will the hue change, it will be difficult, but it will also be unfavorable in terms of cost. From the viewpoint of the polyurethane drop-off suppressing effect, the adhesion suppressing effect, and the dyeing cost, the addition concentration of PHA is more preferably 0.5 to 2.0 g / l.
For sodium lignin sulfonate (hereinafter referred to as “LSA”), the 5% aqueous solution has a pH of 8.0 to 9.5 and an average molecular weight of 8 × 10 3 to 25 × 10 3 (GPC measurement). Those are preferred.
[0010]
The method for measuring the average molecular weight of LSA is as follows.
First, an eluent was prepared by dissolving ultrapure water (4890 g), 2-propanol (15 g), sodium tetraborate.10H 2 O (95.5 g) and degassing with ultrasonic waves, and then adding a lignin sample 0.03. Dilute to a GPC measurement sample. GPC (gel chromatography) is a value obtained as a weight average molecular weight using calculation software after measuring the detector with a differential refractometer at a pump flow rate of 1 ml / min and a column temperature of 50 ° C.
Dispersibility is poor and unsuitable at PH 8.0 end, and dispersibility is unfavorable even if PH 9.5 is exceeded.
[0011]
The average molecular weight of 8 × 10 3 to 25 × 10 3 by GPC corresponds to the high molecular weight region of lignin, but is more preferably 10 × 10 3 to 20 × 10 3 from the viewpoint of suppressing swelling and strengthening heat resistance. Specific product names include Pearl Rex NP manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries. Regarding the effectiveness of LSA, it is considered that LSA completely covers the surface of the water-based urethane resin as an aromatic polymer and blocks the polyurethane resin, so that the effect of the present invention is exhibited.
Sodium lignin sulfonate has improved its manufacturing process, and it is now possible to obtain a product with little color contamination. However, it is not perfect, and in the case of ultra-light colors such as blue, the sharpness decreases due to the contamination, but there is a problem with other colors. Absent.
[0012]
Some sodium lignin sulfonates are used as dispersants in dyes. A similar dispersant is sodium naphthalene sulfonate, called tamol, which is not as effective as sodium lignin sulfonate.
The addition concentration of LSA is preferably 0.2 to 3.0 g / l, and more preferably 1.0 to 2.0 g / l.
PHA and LSA may be added individually or separately, or may be added simultaneously.
[0013]
In general, it is a common sense in the industry that industrially produced dyed goods start from a light color and gradually move to a deep color dyeing method to efficiently operate the dyeing machine. Perform decolorization washing in the pot when moving from dark to light. Sodium hydroxide / thiourea dioxide, sodium hydrosulfite, and sometimes a nonionic surfactant may be used in combination. The temperature is 90 ° C. and may be raised to 130 ° C. as necessary. The washing operation is carried out after the pot washing operation. At this time, the operation of washing and washing at 130 ° C. by adding the poly α-hydroxy sodium acrylate and / or sodium lignin sulfonate of the present invention is combined with the effect of the present invention. Can be further enhanced.
Further, the details of the present invention are explained mainly with high-temperature dyeing at 130 ° C. with polyester in mind, but some materials are dyed at 100 ° C. and are also effective in these dyeings.
[0014]
In the water-based polyurethane resin of the present invention, polyester polyols such as polyethylene adipate glycol and polybutylene adipate glycol, polyether glycols such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polytetramethylene glycol, and polycarbonate diols can be applied as the polyol component. As the isocyanate component, aromatic isocyanate such as diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, alicyclic isocyanate such as dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, aliphatic diisocyanate such as hexamethylene isocyanate, etc. can be used. As an extender, glycols such as ethylene glycol, ethylenediamine, diamines such as 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, and Functional alcohols may be used by appropriately selecting the amine and the like.
[0015]
Examples of the polymerization method include a forced emulsion polymerization method and an ionization polymerization method, but are not limited thereto. If necessary, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a color pigment, and the like can be added.
As a preferable water-based polyurethane resin of the present invention, a polyether-based non-yellowing polyurethane resin and a polycarbonate-based non-yellowing polyurethane resin due to amine elongation are suitable.
As the fiber material of the ultrafine fiber, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), nylon 6, nylon 66, polyacrylonitrile and the like are preferable.
[0016]
Ultrafine fibers can be produced by wet spinning, dry spinning or melt spinning directly, melt blown method, sea island type fiber and polymer blend extraction method, one obtained by split fiber method Can be used.
In the present invention, a non-woven sheet having a surface fiber layer mainly composed of ultrafine fibers having a single fiber fineness of 0.6 dtex or less is used. When the single fiber fineness exceeds 0.6 dtex, the rigidity of the fiber increases, the surface nap is strong, and the touch and lighting effect peculiar to artificial leather cannot be obtained.
[0017]
Non-woven sheet-like material is a dry method such as card, cross layer, random web, etc. from the above-mentioned various ultra-fine fibers, and a non-woven web is manufactured by wet papermaking by dispersing ultra-fine fibers in water, and three-dimensional by needle punching, fluid entanglement method A structural entangled nonwoven sheet is preferred. An entangled sheet in which a woven or knitted fabric is encapsulated in the sheet-like material is a more preferable structure from the viewpoint of ensuring strength and dimensional stability.
There is no problem in mixing a small amount of hot water-soluble short fibers (for example, vinylon) in the nonwoven fabric sheet.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
In order to express the effect of the present invention under the strictest conditions, the raw fabric was subjected to hot water treatment at 130 ° C. for 30 minutes with a dyeless liquid flow dyeing machine, and then drained and reduced and washed. .
The measurement and evaluation methods are as follows.
▲ 1 ▼ Polyurethane dropout (PU dropout rate%)
Calculated from weight loss before and after hydrothermal treatment.
(2) RC turbidity (liquid turbidity after reduction cleaning)
The reduced cleaning solution was collected, and the turbidity of the solution was determined from the light transmittance. It means that the state without any turbidity is zero (0) and the turbidity increases as the numerical value approaches 1.
[0019]
{Circle around (3)} Ratio of fiber waste to urethane waste The deposits on the strainer in the circular dyeing machine were collected, and the ratio of fiber waste to urethane waste was determined from the heat of fusion by thermal analysis (DSC).
{Circle around (4)} A color difference by colorimetry of a dyed product without a dye hue additive is 1.0 NBS or less, Δ is 1.0 to 1.5 NBS, and a color difference more than that is ×.
(5) Adhesiveness A water-based polyurethane film prepared using an applicator with a thickness of 0.75 mm was subjected to hot water treatment at 130 ° C., and then the surface was subjected to reduction cleaning.
○: Not sticky △: Slightly sticky ×: Very sticky [0020]
(6) Area swelling rate The polyurethane film prepared with the above applicator was cut into a 10 cm square and obtained from the area by hot water treatment at 130 ° C. under various dyeing agents.
(7) Polyurethane waste C reaction rate In 30m of product product, the product with 5 or more defects of polyurethane waste is defined as C product, and the occurrence rate is defined as C reaction rate.
[0021]
[Examples 1 to 4, Reference Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4]
A polyethylene terephthalate ultrafine fiber having a single fiber fineness of 0.17 dtex was produced by a direct spinning method, cut into a length of 5 mm, and then dispersed in water to form a papermaking slurry for the surface layer and the back layer.
A gauze-like woven fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate fibers of 85 dtex / 36f was inserted in the middle with a surface layer basis weight of 100 g / m 2 and a back layer basis weight of 50 g / m 2, and a three-layer laminated nonwoven fabric sheet was produced by continuous papermaking. Next, a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric was obtained by jetting high-speed water flow. Fast water stream, 4.0 M from the surface using a straight flow injection nozzle having a pore size of 0.10 mm P a, and treated at a pressure of 3.0 M P a from the back layer. Subsequently, it dried with the pin tenter and manufactured the sheet-like material with a fabric weight of 200 g / m < 2 > and thickness 0.7mm continuously. The surface layer of this sheet was buffed with a # 400 emery paper at a paper speed of 1000 m / min to make a suede tone.
[0022]
To this, 9% by weight of a polyether-based aqueous polyurethane emulsion (manufactured by Nikka Chemical Co., Ltd., Evaphanol AP12 (trade name)), 3% by weight of sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ), Ciba-Geigy KK The impregnating solution in which the product name) was added at 1.0 wt% with respect to the solid content of the urethane resin was impregnated at a pickup rate of 120% and dried continuously with a pin tenter to obtain a suede-like artificial leather raw fabric.
This artificial leather raw fabric was subjected to a dyeing experiment (no dye) using a 100 L scale CUT-RA liquid flow dyeing machine manufactured by Nisaka Manufacturing Co., Ltd. with a dye combination agent added at a bath ratio of 1:15. Thereafter, reduction cleaning was performed at 80 ° C. for 20 minutes with 3 g / l each of thiourea dioxide and sodium hydroxide.
[0023]
Table 1 shows the drop-out rate, turbidity, strainer-stuffed polyester fiber (PET) / polyurethane (PU) ratio, adhesiveness of dye-treated drug-treated urethane film, and area swelling rate under individual conditions. As described above, the poly α-hydroxyacrylate sodium of the present invention (manufactured by Nikka Chemical Co., Ltd., Neolate PLC8800 (trade name)) and sodium lignin sulfonate (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd., Pearl Rex NP (trade name)) show good results. I had it.
[0024]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004716597
[0025]
[Example 6, Reference Example 7 , Comparative Example 6]
Using the artificial leather raw fabric of Example 1, dyeing with a large-scale liquid flow dyeing machine (CUT-SR) manufactured by Nisaka Seisakusho and continuing dyeing with disperse dyes for one month (60 Batch) continuous operation data was collected.
The amount of poly α-hydroxy acrylate sodium (Neolate PLC8800) used was 1 g / l, and the amount of sodium lignin sulfonate (pearl rex NP) used was 2 g / l. The amount used for washing the pot was also the same.
Before switching to each condition, the dyeing machine was always disassembled and cleaned to remove debris before entering the test, and after completion, the state of debris contamination around the rear hatch was visually evaluated. In addition, the number of heat exchanger tube clogs during one month was checked. Further, in the final inspection of the dyeing process, the C reaction rate due to the polyurethane resin waste adhering to the surface was evaluated.
The results are summarized in Table 2, and the effect of the drug of the present invention was great.
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004716597
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, when liquid raw dyeing of artificial leather raw fabric impregnated with ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric sheet with water-based urethane resin, it is possible to remove the urethane resin at the time of dyeing by dyeing with the dyeing combination agent of the present invention. Innovative technology that can significantly reduce the contamination and reattachment to the dyed fabric due to the dropped urethane resin, and can significantly improve the operation of the dyeing machine and the processing yield. is there.

Claims (2)

少なくとも表面繊維層として極細繊維を主体とする繊維層を含んで成る不織布シート状物に、水系ポリウレタンを付与した原反を液流染色するに際し、染料の他に、ポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウムを添加濃度0.2g/l〜3.0g/lで加えて染色することを特徴とする水系ポリウレタンからなる人工皮革の製造法。When liquid-dyeing the raw fabric provided with water-based polyurethane on a nonwoven sheet comprising at least a fiber layer mainly composed of ultrafine fibers as a surface fiber layer, in addition to the dye, poly α-hydroxyhydroxy sodium is added. A method for producing artificial leather comprising an aqueous polyurethane, wherein the dye is added and dyed at an addition concentration of 0.2 g / l to 3.0 g / l . ポリα−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウムが、その分子量域が3×103 〜100×103 であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の水系ポリウレタンからなる人工皮革の製造法。The method for producing an artificial leather comprising an aqueous polyurethane according to claim 1, wherein the poly-sodium α-hydroxyacrylate has a molecular weight range of 3 x 10 3 to 100 x 10 3 .
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS591783A (en) * 1982-06-23 1984-01-07 東レ株式会社 Dyeing of plolyurethane containing fiber sheet
JPS6218675B2 (en) * 1979-11-05 1987-04-23 Sumitomo Chemical Co
JPH02251682A (en) * 1989-03-27 1990-10-09 Kuraray Co Ltd Colored artificial leather
JPH07229071A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-08-29 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Production of artificial leather using aqueous polyurethane resin
JPH09132876A (en) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-20 Hanayama Kogyo Kk Emulsion for impregnating nonwoven fabric and production of artificial leather
JPH1181156A (en) * 1997-09-01 1999-03-26 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Aqueous polyurethane-imparted artificial leather
JP2000054250A (en) * 1998-08-04 2000-02-22 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Artificial leather having good repeated stretch recovering property and its production

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6218675B2 (en) * 1979-11-05 1987-04-23 Sumitomo Chemical Co
JPS591783A (en) * 1982-06-23 1984-01-07 東レ株式会社 Dyeing of plolyurethane containing fiber sheet
JPH02251682A (en) * 1989-03-27 1990-10-09 Kuraray Co Ltd Colored artificial leather
JPH07229071A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-08-29 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Production of artificial leather using aqueous polyurethane resin
JPH09132876A (en) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-20 Hanayama Kogyo Kk Emulsion for impregnating nonwoven fabric and production of artificial leather
JPH1181156A (en) * 1997-09-01 1999-03-26 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Aqueous polyurethane-imparted artificial leather
JP2000054250A (en) * 1998-08-04 2000-02-22 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Artificial leather having good repeated stretch recovering property and its production

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