JP4619937B2 - Methane fermentation equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a methane fermentation apparatus in which waste water, organic waste, or excess sludge is introduced into a fermentation tank, and methane fermentation treatment is performed with methane bacteria in the sludge to obtain treated water.

Conventionally, a fermenter described in Patent Document 1 below is known as a technology in such a field. In this fermenter, the introduced waste water is stirred in the tank and mixed with sludge. And the treated water in which the organic matter was reduced is obtained because the organic matter in waste water is methane-fermented by the methane microbe in sludge.
JP 2005-81245 A

  However, in this type of fermenter, the introduced wastewater is stirred in the tank and thoroughly mixed with the sludge. Therefore, depending on the quality of the wastewater before introduction and other conditions, the sludge concentration in the fermenter Easy to fluctuate. In the fermenter of Patent Document 1 described above, fluctuations in sludge concentration are suppressed by batch operation. However, when continuous operation is performed in order to improve processing efficiency, fluctuations in sludge concentration are likely to occur as described above. And if the sludge density | concentration in the tank involved in fermentation fluctuates, the efficiency of the methane fermentation reaction by methane bacteria will not be stabilized, and the improvement of processing efficiency cannot be aimed at.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the methane fermentation apparatus which can aim at the improvement of process efficiency, stabilizing sludge density | concentration.

In the methane fermentation apparatus according to the present invention, wastewater, organic waste, or surplus sludge is introduced into a fermentation tank, and methane fermentation treatment is performed by methane bacteria in the sludge to obtain treated water. The fermenter body that defines the internal space into which sludge is stored and wastewater is introduced, and the funnel shape that expands downward, are divided into a fermentation space and a concentration space, and the concentration space Linking the fermentation space and the enrichment space with a partition where the opening that allows the generated and floating gas to pass through the fermentation space is formed at the highest position in the center, the communication part that allows the sludge falling from the fermentation space to the enrichment space to pass through and, Bei example, communication unit and a return line for returning the sludge to the fermentation space from the concentrate space is formed by a gap between the outer edge portion of the partition portion and the inner wall of the fermenter body, the partition portion fermentation The space side is Characterized in that towards the outer edge gradually decreases.

In this methane fermentation apparatus, the internal space of the fermenter is partitioned up and down by a partition part, and a fermentation space and a concentration space are formed. Since the sludge from the fermentation space falls through the communication portion in the concentrated space, the sludge is concentrated in the concentrated space, and the sludge concentration in the concentrated space is higher than that in the fermentation space. The gas generated in the enriched space passes through the opening of the partition and smoothly floats in the fermentation space. In this way, a concentrated space in which the sludge concentration is high and the sludge is stably held is formed in the internal space of the fermenter. And from this enrichment space, sludge is returned to fermentation space through a return line. Therefore, the sludge from the concentration space can be stably supplied to the fermentation space, and the sludge concentration can be stabilized. As a result, the efficiency of the methane fermentation reaction in the fermentation space can be stabilized, and the wastewater treatment efficiency in the methane fermentation apparatus can be improved.
Further, the communication part is formed by a gap between the outer edge part of the partition part and the inner wall of the fermenter body, and the surface of the partition part on the fermentation space side is gradually lowered toward the outer edge part. Therefore, the sludge settled in the fermentation space is smoothly guided to the outer edge portion while descending along the fermentation space side surface of the partition portion, and falls into the concentration space through the communication portion.

The fermentation space has a circular shape in plan view, and the return line has an ejection hole for ejecting the returned sludge into the fermentation space, and the ejection hole is in the radial direction of the fermentation space in plan view. It is preferable to eject sludge in an oblique direction.

  According to the methane fermentation apparatus of the present invention, the sludge concentration can be stabilized and the processing efficiency can be improved.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a methane fermentation apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The methane fermentation apparatus 1 shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 is an apparatus which processes the waste water W containing organic substance by continuous operation, and obtains the treated water which reduced organic substance. This type of methane fermentation apparatus is used for treatment of wastewater containing a relatively large amount of solid matter. In this methane fermentation apparatus 1, the wastewater W to be treated joins concentrated sludge in a line L <b> 13 (described later) through the line L <b> 1 and is introduced into the fermenter 2. The fermenter 2 includes a fermenter main body 3 having a circular cross section, and the waste water W is introduced into an internal space R defined by the fermenter main body 3. In the internal space R, the waste water W and the sludge stay in a mixed state, and the organic matter in the waste water W is subjected to methane fermentation treatment and is changed to methane gas, carbon dioxide, or the like by the methane bacteria in the sludge. And a part of drainage W flows out from the outflow basin 4 provided in the upper part of the interior space R, and is obtained as treated water with reduced organic matter. The sludge mixed in the treated water is recovered by a recovery device (not shown) and reintroduced into the internal space R. Gases such as methane gas and carbon dioxide generated in the waste water W float as bubbles and collect in the gas reservoir 6 and then recovered as biogas through the gas line L2 connected to the upper portion of the fermenter 2. The

  A baffle plate (partition part) 5 is provided in the internal space R of the fermenter 2 in which such processing is performed, slightly below the center. The baffle plate 5 divides the internal space R into two upper and lower spaces, and a fermentation space R1 positioned above the baffle plate 5 and a concentration space R2 positioned below are formed. The baffle plate 5 is arranged concentrically with the fermenter main body 3 and has a funnel shape whose diameter is increased downward. A gap G is formed between the outer edge which is the lower end of the baffle plate 5 and the inner wall of the fermenter body 3. The gap G functions as a communication part that communicates the fermentation space R1 and the enrichment space R2.

  Due to the shape of the baffle plate 5, the baffle plate 5 has a conical surface 5 a that gradually decreases toward the outside on the fermentation space R <b> 1 side. For this reason, the sludge that settles under its own weight in the fermentation space R1 falls toward the outer edge along the inclination of the conical surface 5a, passes through the gap G, and smoothly falls into the concentration space R2. Thus, in the internal space R, since sludge collects and concentrates in concentration space R2, the sludge density | concentration in concentration space R2 becomes higher than the sludge density | concentration of fermentation space R1. Therefore, a large amount of sludge is stably held in the concentration space R with a high sludge concentration.

  Moreover, the opening 7 which connects fermentation space R1 and enrichment space R2 is formed also in the highest position of the baffle plate 5 center. Therefore, the gas generated in the enrichment space R2 is guided by the funnel-shaped baffle plate 5 and collected in the center, and smoothly reaches the gas reservoir 6 through the opening 7 via the fermentation space R1. At this time, the methane fermentation reaction is promoted by stirring the fermentation space R1 by the gas lift effect of the rising gas. Moreover, since the methane gas generated in the enrichment space R2 is prevented from passing upward through the gap G by providing the opening 7 through which the gas passes, sludge can be more smoothly dropped in the gap G. .

  Moreover, the bottom part of the fermenter main body 3 has comprised the mortar shape from which the diameter became small downward. With this shape, the sludge that settles under its own weight in the concentrated space R2 is collected in the center, so that the sludge concentration is further increased at the bottom of the concentrated space R2. And the sludge extraction line L11 is connected to the bottom center of the fermenter main body 3, and the concentrated sludge collected on the bottom can be extracted by the pump P1. The extracted concentrated sludge is sent to the concentration space R2 and the fermentation space R3 through the line L12 and the line L13, respectively.

  The line L12 has three tip ends branched into three, and as shown in FIG. 2, there are three spouts N12 arranged in the enrichment space R2. The concentrated sludge in the line L12 is ejected horizontally from the three ejection ports N12 into the concentrated space R2. These ejection holes N12 are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference of the cross section of the fermenter body 3, and from each ejection hole N12, concentrated sludge is ejected obliquely with respect to the radial direction of the fermenter body 3. A flow in the circumferential direction is generated in the enrichment space R2. The sludge floating in the enrichment space R2 is collected at the bottom of the enrichment space R2 while being stirred by the circumferential flow and the mortar shape at the bottom.

  Further, the line L13 has three spouts N13 that are branched into three ends and are arranged in the fermentation space R1. Moreover, the line L1 which introduces the waste water W joins said line L13. The concentrated sludge from the line L13 is diluted by the waste water W from the line L1, and then ejected horizontally from the three ejection ports N13 to the fermentation space R3. Thus, the sludge extraction line L11 and the line L13 function as a sludge return line that connects the fermentation space R1 and the enrichment space R2 and returns the sludge from the enrichment space R2 to the fermentation space R1. And since sludge is stably supplied from the concentration space R2 which hold | maintains sludge stably, the sludge density | concentration in fermentation space R1 can be maintained highly, and the efficiency of methane fermentation reaction can be maintained highly.

  In addition, these ejection holes N13 are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference of the cross section of the fermenter main body 3, and sludge is ejected obliquely with respect to the radial direction of the fermenter main body 3 from each ejection hole N13. In the fermentation space R1, a circumferential flow is generated. The sludge near the baffle plate 5 in the fermentation space R1 moves smoothly toward the gap G due to the flow in the circumferential direction and the shape of the conical surface 5a of the baffle plate 5, so that the sludge is smoothly concentrated in the concentrated space R2. Fall into.

  As described above, in the methane fermentation apparatus 1, the internal space R of the fermenter main body 3 is divided into the upper and lower parts by the baffle plate 5 and divided into the fermentation space R1 and the concentration space R2. And sludge falls from fermentation space R1 to concentration space R2 through gap G formed between baffle plate 5 and the inner wall of fermenter body 3. Therefore, since the sludge is concentrated in the concentration space R2 formed in the lower part of the fermenter main body 3 and the sludge is stably retained in a large amount, the concentration space R2 functions as a stable sludge supply source. Then, the concentrated sludge at the bottom of the concentrated space R2 is returned to the fermentation space R1 through the sludge extraction line L11 and the line L13. Therefore, sludge can be stably supplied to fermentation space R1, and the sludge density | concentration of fermentation space R1 can be maintained stably high. As a result, the efficiency of the methane fermentation reaction in the fermentation space R1 can be stabilized, and the treatment efficiency of the waste water W in the methane fermentation apparatus 1 can be improved.

  As a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge concentration distribution that is biased up and down in a fermenter, an apparatus using a UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) method is conventionally known. However, this UASB method cannot be applied to waste water having a high solid concentration such as a solid concentration of 1000 mg / L or more. Therefore, the methane fermentation apparatus 1 can be particularly preferably used for the treatment of wastewater with a high solid matter concentration as described above.

It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the methane fermentation apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is II-II sectional drawing of the state which removed the waste_water | drain from the fermenter shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Methane fermentation apparatus, 2 ... Fermenter, 3 ... Fermenter main body, 5 ... Baffle plate (partition part), 5a ... Conical surface (surface by the side of fermentation space), 7 ... Opening, G ... Gap (communication part), R ... Internal space, R1 ... Fermentation space, R2 ... Concentration space, L11 ... Sludge extraction line (return line), L13 ... Line (return line), Drainage ... W.

Claims (2)

In a methane fermentation apparatus that introduces wastewater, organic waste, or surplus sludge into the fermenter and obtains treated water by methane fermentation treatment with methane bacteria in the sludge,
The fermenter is
A fermenter body defining an internal space in which the sludge is stored and the waste water is introduced;
It has a funnel shape with a diameter expanded downward, and the interior space is vertically divided into a fermentation space and a concentration space, and an opening through which the gas generated and floated in the concentration space passes through the fermentation space is the highest in the center. A partition formed at a position ;
A communicating portion for allowing the sludge falling from the fermentation space to the concentrated space to pass through;
The ligated fermentation space and with said concentrate space, e Bei and a return line for returning the sludge to the fermentation space from said concentrate space,
The communication part is formed by a gap between an outer edge part of the partition part and an inner wall of the fermenter body,
A surface of the partition part on the fermentation space side is gradually lowered toward the outer edge part. The fermentation space has a circular shape in plan view,
The return line has an ejection hole for ejecting the sludge to be returned into the fermentation space,
The ejection hole is
2. The methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sludge is ejected obliquely with respect to a radial direction of the fermentation space in a plan view.

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