JP4616108B2 - Organic coagulant and wastewater or sludge treatment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to organic and inorganic sludge such as sewage or human waste (hereinafter abbreviated as sewage) or factory wastewater or organic coagulant used in the treatment of wastewater, and sludge using the organic coagulant and polymer flocculant. Or it relates to a method for treating wastewater.

Conventionally, in the coagulation and decolorization treatment of organic sludge such as sewage, inorganic sludge such as mill wastewater, suspended water, colored water, paper mill wastewater and other aqueous solutions, inorganic coagulants (for example, sulfate bands, polychlorinated salts) Aluminum, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, polyiron sulfate and slaked lime) and organic coagulants [eg, polycondensates of epihalohydrins and amines (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and diallyldimethylammonium halide polymers (eg, Patent Documents 2 and 3)] are widely used.
In addition, for the dehydration treatment of these organic or inorganic sludges or wastewater, a method of using a condensed polyamine organic coagulant and an amphoteric polymer flocculant in combination (for example, see Patent Document 4) has been proposed. ing.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 38-26794 (first page) JP 2001-38104 A JP 2001-270906 A JP 2000-225400 A

However, the inorganic coagulants currently used require a huge amount of addition to the suspension water and the like, and there is a problem that the amount of sludge after solid-liquid separation increases. In addition, the organic coagulant may be added in a lower amount than the inorganic coagulant and the amount of sludge can be greatly reduced, but the effect of coagulation and decoloration is insufficient. Furthermore, with the recent tightening of drainage regulations, there is an increasing need to reduce COD components in effluent water, and further improvement in the performance of organic coagulants is particularly desired.
In addition, in the above-mentioned sludge or wastewater dewatering treatment, the ability to form stronger flocs is required from the viewpoint of improving the treatment speed associated with the recent increase in the amount of sludge and wastewater. From the viewpoint of increasing the cost of incineration or landfill disposal of dehydrated cake, there is an organic coagulant that has the ability to significantly reduce the water content in the dehydrated cake, and also has the ability to decolorize separation water and reduce COD after the dehydration process. It is desired. However, the proposed organic coagulant cannot satisfy these performances, and the method using the proposed organic coagulant and the polymer coagulant has not been sufficient.
An object of the present invention is an organic coagulant excellent in the effect of coagulation, decolorization, COD reduction, etc., and excellent properties such as floc coarsening, low moisture content of the dehydrated cake, COD reduction of the filtrate, clarification improvement, etc. It is to provide a method for treating sludge or wastewater.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have reached the present invention. That is, the present invention is one or more selected from the group consisting of the following organic coagulants (I), (II) and (III) , and has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.01 to 1.9 dl / g. Organic coagulant

(I): a cationic monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (1), and a hydrophobic (meth) acrylic acid derivative (b) having a solubility in water of 1 g / 100 g of water and having 8 or more carbon atoms
Organic coagulant (II) characterized by comprising a water-soluble copolymer (A) obtained by copolymerizing a monomer comprising: a cationic monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (1) and an anionic property Organic coagulant (III) characterized by comprising water-soluble copolymer (B) obtained by copolymerizing monomer (c): cationic monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (1), water Solubility in water is 1
g / water 100 g or less hydrophobic (meth) acrylic acid derivative (b)
And a water-soluble copolymer (C) obtained by copolymerizing an anionic monomer (c)
Organic coagulant characterized by comprising

^{_{CH 2 = CR 1 -CO-X}} -Q-N + R 2 R 3 R 4 · Z - (1)

[Wherein, X is O or NH; Q is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R ¹ is H or a methyl group; R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently selected. And H, an alkyl, aralkyl or alkylaryl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; and Z ⁻ represents a counter anion. ]
And a method for treating sludge or wastewater, characterized in that the organic coagulant is added to sludge or wastewater, mixed and coagulated, and then a polymer flocculant is added to form a floc for solid-liquid separation. .

  The organic coagulant of the present invention has excellent coagulability, COD reduction and color component removal effects when added to and mixed with factory wastewater, etc., and the amount of inorganic coagulant added can be greatly reduced, resulting in sludge generated. The amount can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent coagulability when added to and mixed with sludge or wastewater, and effectively neutralizes suspended fine particles. Therefore, it has an excellent dehydrating effect when combined with a polymer flocculant.

[Organic coagulant (I)]
The organic coagulant (I) includes a cationic monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (1), and a hydrophobic (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a solubility in water of 1 g / 100 g of water and having 8 or more carbon atoms It consists of the water-soluble copolymer (A) formed by copolymerizing the monomer which consists of (b).
^{_{CH 2 = CR 1 -CO-X}} -Q-N + R 2 R 3 R 4 · Z - (1)

[Wherein, X is O or NH; Q is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R ¹ is H or a methyl group; R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently selected. And H, an alkyl, aralkyl or alkylaryl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; Z ⁻ represents a counter anion. ]

In the formula, Q represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 (preferably 2 to 3) carbon atoms (hereinafter abbreviated as C) or a hydroxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 (preferably 2 to 3) carbon atoms. When C exceeds 4, the solubility of (A) in water becomes poor.
C1-4 alkylene groups include methylene, ethylene, n- and i-propylene, 1,2-, 1,3- and 2,3-butylene and tetramethylene groups; C2-4 hydroxyalkylene groups Includes hydroxyethylene, 1- and 2-hydroxypropylene, 1-hydroxy-i-propylene, 1- and 2-hydroxytetramethylene, 2-hydroxymethylpropylene and 2-methyl-2-hydroxypropylene groups.

In the formula, R ¹ represents H or a methyl group, and a methyl group is preferred from the viewpoint of the condensation performance of (A). R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ each independently represent an alkyl, aralkyl or alkylaryl group of H, C1-16 (preferably C1-10). When C exceeds 16, the solubility of (A) in water becomes poor. Examples of the alkyl group include methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl, n-, i-, sec- and t-butyl, n-, i-, sec- and t-amyl and lauryl groups, and aralkyl groups. For example, benzyl and phenylethyl groups and alkylaryl groups include, for example, toluyl, xylyl, ethylphenyl and cumyl groups.

Examples of Z ⁻ include the following anions.
(1) inorganic acids such as hydrogen halides (eg HF, HCl, HBr and HI), sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid (2) sulfate esters, eg C1-30 sulfate esters [eg alkyl or alkenyl sulfates (eg methyl sulfate) , Ethyl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, myristyl sulfate, palmityl sulfate, stearyl sulfate, oleyl sulfate, linole sulfate and cetyl sulfate) and higher alcohols (C10-20) ethylene oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as EO) 1-10 mol adduct Sulfate]

(3) Sulfonic acids such as C1-30 sulfonic acids [eg alkyl (C1-10) sulfonic acids (eg methylsulfonic acid and ethylsulfonic acid), alkylaryl (C7-30) sulfonic acids [alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, alkylphenolsulfone Acid and alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid], higher alkyl (C10-30) sulfonic acid, higher fatty acid ester (C10-30) sulfonic acid, higher alcohol ether (C10-30) sulfonic acid, sulfosuccinic acid ester, higher fatty acid amide (C10 20) alkyl (C1-10) sulfonic acid, alkyl (C1-10) diphenyl ether sulfonic acid and alkyl (C1-10) benzimidazole sulfonic acid]

(4) Phosphate esters such as C1-30 phosphate esters [eg mono- and dialkyl (alkyl C1-30) phosphate esters, mono- and dialkenyl (alkenyl C1-30) phosphate esters, (poly) oxyalkylenes [EO 1-14 mol addition and / or propylene oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as PO) 1-9 mol addition] alkyl (C1-30) ether phosphate ester, sugar phosphate ester (eg glucose-phosphate ester, glucose amine phosphorus) Acid ester, maltose-1-phosphate and sucrose phosphate ester) and glycerin phosphate (eg phosphatidic acid)]

(5) Phosphonic acids, such as C1-30 phosphonic acids [eg alkyl (C1-10) phosphonic acids (eg methylphosphonic acid and ethylphosphonic acid), alkylaryl (C7-30) phosphonic acids (eg alkylbenzene phosphonic acid and alkylphenol phosphones) Acid), higher alkyl (C10-30) phosphonic acid, phosphonic acid of higher fatty acid ester (C10-30), phosphonic acid of higher alcohol ether (C10-30), alkyl of higher fatty acid amide (C10-20) (C1 10) Phosphonic acid, alkyl (C1-10) diphenyl ether phosphonic acid and alkyl (C1-10) benzimidazolephosphonic acid]
(6) Carboxylic acids such as C1-30 carboxylic acids such as aliphatic [C1-30 mono- and dicarboxylic acids such as formic acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and adipic acid]; Cyclic [C4-30 mono- and dicarboxylic acids such as cyclopentane (di) carboxylic acid and cyclohexane (di) carboxylic acid]; and aromatic (aliphatic) [C7-30 mono- and dicarboxylic acids such as benzoic acid , Phthalic acid, xylylene dicarboxylic acid]

Of these Z ⁻ , the anion of sulfonic acid is preferable from the viewpoint of the coagulation performance of (A), and more preferable is sulfuric acid, halogen (for example, Cl ⁻ and Br ⁻ ) and sulfuric acid ester (for example, alkyl and alkenyl sulfate). ), Particularly preferred are sulfuric acid, Cl ⁻ , methylsulfuric acid and ethylsulfuric acid anions, and most preferred is Cl ⁻ .

Examples of (a) include the following and mixtures thereof.
(A1) Amine salt of (meth) acrylate [when X in general formula (1) is O] Primary amino group-containing (meth) acrylate [C5-20, such as aminoethyl (meth) acrylate and aminopropyl (meth) Acrylate], secondary amino group-containing (meth) acrylate [C6-20, such as methylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, methylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate and aminoethyl (meth) acrylate] and tertiary amino group-containing (meth) Inorganic acid (above) salts of acrylates [C7-20, such as dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate and dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate), organic acids (sulfate, sulfonic acid, phosphate, phosphone above) Acids, carboxylic acids, etc.) salts and their amines (Salt) is quaternized with a quaternizing agent [C1-6 alkyl, C7-16 aralkyl or C7-16 alkylaryl halide such as methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, benzyl chloride, phenethyl chloride]. Quaternary ammonium salt

(A2) amine salt of (meth) acrylamide compound [when X in general formula (1) is N] primary amino group-containing (meth) acrylamide [for example, aminoethyl (meth) acrylamide and aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide], Secondary amino group-containing (meth) acrylamide [eg methylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide and methylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide] and tertiary amino group-containing (meth) acrylamide [eg dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide and dimethylaminopropyl (Meth) acrylamide] inorganic acid (above) salt, organic acid (above) salt and quaternary ammonium salt obtained by quaternizing the above amine with a quaternizing agent (above).

Among these, a (meth) acrylate amine salt in which X is O is preferable from the viewpoint of easy industrial production, and more preferably, R ² and R ³ are both CH ₃ , R ⁴ is H, Dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate hydrochloride or dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate sulfate in which Z is Cl or 1 / 2SO ₄ , and these amines (salts) are quaternized with a quaternizing agent (as described above). It is a quaternary ammonium salt formed by

The hydrophobic (meth) acrylic acid derivative (b) constituting the water-soluble copolymer (A) has a solubility in water of 1 g / 100 g or less of water. Here, the solubility in water is a value at 20 ° C. Examples of (b) include the following, and mixtures thereof. When the solubility exceeds 1 g / 100 g of water, the COD reduction of the organic coagulant, the filtrate clarifying effect and the decoloring effect, and the effect of reducing the cake moisture content in combination with the polymer flocculant described later are deteriorated.
(B1) (meth) acrylic acid ester C8-24 (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester, C8-24 (meth) acrylic acid alkenyl ester, and C8-45 (meth) acrylic acid polyoxypropylene ester; (Meth) acrylic acid 2-ethylhexyl, (meth) acrylic acid octyl, (meth) acrylic acid dodecyl, (meth) acrylic acid lauryl, (meth) acrylic acid cetyl, (meth) acrylic acid stearyl, (meth) acrylic acid oleyl Polypropylene glycol [number average molecular weight [hereinafter abbreviated as Mn, measurement is by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method. ] (Meth) acrylic acid ester etc. of 200-800].

(B2) C8-24 N-substituted (meth) acrylamide C8-24 N-alkyl substituted (meth) acrylamide, C8-24 N-alkenyl substituted (meth) acrylamide, and C9-46 N- (poly) oxy Propyl substituted (meth) acrylamide; for example, N, N-diethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-2 ethylhexyl (meth) acrylamide, N-octyl (meth) acrylamide, N-dodecyl (meth) acrylamide, N-lauryl (meth) Acrylamide, N-cetyl (meth) acrylamide, N-stearyl (meth) acrylamide, N-oleyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-di (poly) oxypropyl [(poly) oxypropyl group is an adduct of PO1 to 3 mol Group] (meth) acrylamide and the like.
Of these, preferred are C8-24 alkyl and alkenyl esters of (meth) acrylate, and more preferred are cetyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl and oleyl.

If necessary, the water-soluble copolymer (A) may contain other vinyl monomers (d) other than (a), (b) and anionic monomer (c) described later, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It can be used as a polymerization component. (D) includes the following monomers and mixtures thereof.
(D1) Monovalent vinyl monomer (d11) (meth) acrylate Molecular weight 40 to Mn3,000, for example, hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate [for example, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate polyethylene glycol (degree of polymerization 3 to 50) mono (meth) acrylate and polyglycerol (degree of polymerization 1 to 10) mono (meth) acrylate], 2-cyanoethyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate and butyl (meth) acrylate (d12) C3-7 (Meth) acrylamide compound (Meth) acrylamide, N-alkyl (C1-4) (meth) acrylamide [N-methyl, -ethyl, -n and -ipropyl (meth) acrylamide etc.] and N-methylol (meth) acryl (D13) Compound having amine imide group 1,1,1-trimethylamine (meth) acrylimide, 1,1-dimethyl-1-ethylamine (meth) acrylimide, 1,1-dimethyl-1- (2′- Phenyl-2'-hydroxyethyl) amine (meth) acrylimide and 1,1,1-trimethylamine (meth) acrylimide etc. (d14) Nitrogen atom-containing vinyl monomers other than the above C3-20, such as acrylonitrile, N-vinylformamide , N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, vinylimidazole, N-vinylsuccinimide, N-vinylcarbazole, vinylaniline, (meth) allylamine, di (meth) allylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpiperidine, vinylpyrazine and vinyl Morpholine (d15) styrene Compound: Styrene, Acetoxystyrene, Hydroxystyrene, etc. (d2) Divalent vinyl monomer C6-54, for example, unsaturated hydrocarbon (divinylbenzene, etc.), di (meth) acrylate [1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, (poly) Ethylene glycol (C2-56) di (meth) acrylate, (poly) propylene glycol (C3-60) di (meth) acrylate, etc.]
Of these (d), (meth) acrylamide, polyethylene glycol (polymerization degree 3-50) mono (meth) acrylate, (b) are preferred from the viewpoint of imparting water solubility without changing the ionicity of (A). From the viewpoint of imparting hydrophobicity other than the above, a styrene compound is preferred, and from the viewpoint of improving the aggregation density by imparting a cross-linked and branched structure, a divalent vinyl monomer is preferred, and a more preferred is a group consisting of a styrene compound and a divalent vinyl monomer. At least one selected.

  The proportion of (a) in the total monomers constituting (A) is preferably 40 to 99 mol% from the viewpoint of the balance between the coagulation effect by charge neutralization of the cationic group and the hydrophobicity-imparting effect by (b). More preferably 50 to 97 mol%, particularly preferably 60 to 95 mol%; the proportion of (b) is preferably 1 to 40 mol%, more preferably 3 to 30 mol, from the viewpoint of imparting hydrophobicity and water solubility. %, Particularly preferably 5 to 20 mol%; the proportion of (d) other than (d2) is preferably 40 mol% or less, more preferably 30 from the viewpoint of not adversely affecting the coagulation effect due to charge neutralization of the cationic group. In the case of (d2), from the same viewpoint and from the viewpoint of water solubility, it is preferably 1% or less, more preferably 0.5% or less, particularly preferably 0. Is less than or equal to 1%.

[Organic coagulant (II)]
The organic coagulant (II) comprises a water-soluble copolymer (B) obtained by copolymerizing the cationic monomer (a) represented by the general formula (1) and the anionic monomer (c). And
Examples of (c) include the following and mixtures thereof.
(C1) unsaturated carboxylic acids monocarboxylic acids [C3-30, such as (meth) acrylic acid, vinylbenzoic acid and allylacetic acid] and poly (2-4) carboxylic acids [C4-30, such as (anhydrous) maleic acid, Fumaric acid and itaconic acid]

(C2) Unsaturated sulfonic acid Alkene sulfonic acid [C2-20, such as vinyl sulfonic acid and (meth) allyl sulfonic acid], Unsaturated aromatic sulfonic acid [C6-20, such as styrene sulfonic acid and α-methylstyrene sulfonic acid ], Alkenyl and alkyl (C1-18) alkenyl esters of sulfocarboxylic acids (eg α-sulfoalkanoic acids and sulfosuccinic acids) [C3-20, eg methylvinyl, propyl (meth) allyl and stearyl (meth) allylsulfosuccinate , And (meth) allylsulfolaurate], sulfo group-containing (meth) acrylate [C4-30, such as sulfoalkyl (C2-20) (meth) acrylate [for example, 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethanesulfonic acid, 2- (Meth) acryloyloxy Lopansulfonic acid, 3- (meth) acryloyloxypropanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acryloyloxybutanesulfonic acid, 4- (meth) acryloyloxybutanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acryloyloxy-2,2-dimethylethane Sulfonic acid and p- (meth) acryloyloxymethylbenzenesulfonic acid]], sulfo group-containing (meth) acrylamide [C4-30, such as 2- (meth) acryloylaminoethanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acryloylaminopropanesulfone Acid, 3- (meth) acryloylaminopropanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acryloylaminobutanesulfonic acid, 4- (meth) acryloylaminobutanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acryloylamino-2,2-dimethylethanesulfone Acid and p- (Meth) acryloylaminomethylbenzenesulfonic acid] and alkyl (C1-20) (meth) allylsulfosuccinate [for example, methyl (meth) allylsulfosuccinate]

  Among (c), preferred from the industrial viewpoint are (meth) acrylic acid, (anhydrous) maleic acid, itaconic acid, 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acryloyloxypropanesulfonic acid, 3- (Meth) acryloyloxypropanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acryloylamino-2,2-dimethylethanesulfonic acid, and more preferably (meth) acrylic acid.

If necessary, the water-soluble copolymer (B) can use the other vinyl monomer (d) as a copolymerization component as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Among (d), preferred is the same as described above, and more preferred is at least one selected from the group consisting of a styrene compound and a divalent vinyl monomer.
The proportion of (a) in the total monomers constituting (B) is preferably 40 to 99 mol% from the viewpoint of the balance between the coagulation effect due to charge neutralization of the cation group and the crosslinking effect due to the introduction of the anion group described later, More preferably, it is 50 to 97 mol%, particularly preferably 60 to 95 mol%; the proportion (c) is preferable from the viewpoint of the balance between the crosslinking effect of the agglomerated particles described later and the aggregating effect due to charge neutralization of (a). Is from 1 to 50 mol%, more preferably from 3 to 40 mol%, particularly preferably from 5 to 30 mol%; the proportion of (d) is the same as in the case of (A) above.

[Organic coagulant (III)]
The organic coagulant (III) is a water solution obtained by copolymerizing the cationic monomer (a) represented by the general formula (1), the hydrophobic (meth) acrylic acid derivative (b) and the anionic monomer (c). It consists of a sex copolymer (C).
If necessary, the water-soluble copolymer (C) can use the other vinyl monomer (d) as a copolymerization component as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Among (d), preferred is the same as described above, and more preferred is at least one selected from the group consisting of a styrene compound and a divalent vinyl monomer.
The proportion of (a) in the total monomer constituting (C) is preferably 40 to 98 mol%, more preferably 50 to 96 mol%, particularly preferably from the viewpoint of the coagulation effect due to charge neutralization of the cationic group. The proportion of (b) is preferably 1 to 40 mol%, more preferably 2 to 30 mol%, particularly preferably 3 to 20 mol% from the viewpoint of imparting hydrophobicity and water solubility. The proportion of c) is preferably from 1 to 50 mol%, more preferably from 2 to 40 mol%, particularly preferably from 3 to 30 mol% from the viewpoint of the crosslinking effect of the agglomerated particles described later; the proportion of (d) is This is the same as the cases (A) and (B).

The surface of particles suspended in water is generally negatively charged and dispersed due to the repulsion of the charge, but a cationic component is required to neutralize and condense this charge. As the agent, a polymer having a quaternary ammonium group such as a polycondensate of epichlorohydrin and dimethylamine or polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride is used.
The organic coagulant of the present invention is one in which a charge neutralization effect by a cationic group (quaternary ammonium group) is imparted with other functions, and among these, the organic coagulant (I) has a cationic group. By introducing a hydrophobic group into the organic coagulant, the density of the coagulated particles is increased by the interaction between the hydrophobic groups, and the effect of hydrophobizing the soluble anionic substance to insolubilize the COD of the filtrate. Organic coagulant (II) is an organic coagulant having a cationic group, which is intended to improve the effect of reduction, clarity improvement and decolorization, etc. Introducing anionic groups dissociates the anionic groups of the organic coagulant adsorbed on the suspended particles, forms ion complexes with the remaining cationic groups in the organic coagulant, and crosslinks to increase the density of the coagulated particles By providing coarse and those with improved same effect as described above, as well as, organic coagulating agent (III) are those in which these functions are combined.

The production method of (A) to (C) is not particularly limited, and radical polymerization methods such as solution dropping polymerization, reverse phase suspension polymerization, photopolymerization, precipitation polymerization and reverse phase emulsion polymerization can be employed. Of these, solution dropping polymerization is preferred from the industrial viewpoint and molecular weight control viewpoint.
The solution dropping polymerization can be produced, for example, by using a method of dropping a monomer, a solvent and a radical polymerization initiator solution at the boiling point of the solvent (for example, JP-A-6-211942), and an organic solvent is used as the solvent. When used, it is usually produced by removing the solvent and adding water as necessary in view of handling risk and environmental protection.

Examples of the solvent to be used include polar solvents such as water, alcohol (methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc.), ketone (methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, etc.), THF, DMF, and a mixture thereof.
Among these, a mixed solvent of water and alcohol is preferable from the viewpoints of solubility of the monomer and initiator and ease of solvent removal after polymerization. More preferred is a mixed solvent of water and isopropyl alcohol.

Examples of the radical polymerization initiator in the radical polymerization method include water-soluble azo initiators [for example, azobisamidinopropane (salt) [for example, 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride], azobis Cyanovaleric acid (salt) and 2,2′-azobis [2- (5-methyl-2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] (salt)], oil-soluble azo initiators (eg azobiscyanovaleronitrile, azo Bisisobutyronitrile and azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile), water-soluble peroxides [inorganic peroxides (ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, etc.) and organic peroxides (peracetic acid, t-butyl hydroper Oxides)], oil-soluble peroxides (eg benzoyl peroxide, cumene hydroxy peroxide) Di -t- butyl peroxide, di -t- butyl peroxy hexahydro terephthalate) and the like.
The above peroxides may be used as a redox initiator in combination with a reducing agent, such as bisulfite (eg, sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite and ammonium bisulfite), reducing metal salts [eg, iron sulfate] (II)], tertiary amines [eg dimethylaminobenzoic acid (salt) and dimethylaminoethanol], amine complexes of transition metal salts [eg pentamethylenehexamine complex of cobalt (III) chloride and diethylenetriamine complex of copper (II) chloride And an organic reducing agent (for example, ascorbic acid). Further, the azo initiator, peroxide initiator, and redox initiator may be used alone or in combination of two or more initiators.

  The use amount of the radical polymerization initiator is preferably 0.001%, more preferably 0.005%, based on the total weight of monomers, from the viewpoint of obtaining an optimal molecular weight as (A) to (C). Particularly preferred is 0.01%, most preferred 0.05%, and a preferred upper limit is 20%, more preferred is 10%, particularly preferred is 5% and most preferred is 3%.

Moreover, you may use the chain transfer agent for radical polymerization as needed. The chain transfer agent for radical polymerization is not particularly limited. For example, a compound having one or two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule [molecular weight 32 to Mn 50,000, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 106-Mn 50,000) and (poly) ethylene (poly) propylene glycol (molecular weight 120-Mn 50,000)], compounds having one or more amino groups in the molecule [eg ammonia and amines (C1-30, such as methylamine, dimethylamine, triethylamine and propanolamine)] and compounds having one or more thiol groups in the molecule (described later).
Among these, a compound having one or more thiol groups in the molecule is preferable from the viewpoint of molecular weight control.

Compounds having a thiol group in the molecule include the following, salts thereof [alkali metal (for example, lithium, sodium and potassium) salts, alkaline earth metal (for example, magnesium and calcium) salts, ammonium salts, amines (C1- 20) salts and inorganic acids (eg hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid) salts], and mixtures thereof.
(1) Monovalent thiol Aliphatic thiol [C1-20, such as methanethiol, ethanethiol, propanethiol, n-octanethiol, n-dodecanethiol, hexadecanethiol, n-octadecanethiol, 2-mercaptoethanol, mercaptoacetic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 1-thioglycerol, thioglycolic acid monoethanolamine), 1-thioglycerol, thioglycolic acid monoethanolamine, thiomaleic acid, cysteine and 2-mercaptoethylamine], alicyclic thiols (C5-20) For example, cyclopentanethiol and cyclohexanethiol) and aromatic (aliphatic) thiols (C6-12, such as benzenethiol and benzyl mercaptan and thiosalicylic acid).

(2) polyvalent thiol dithiol [aliphatic (C2-40) dithiol (for example, ethanedithiol, diethylenedithiol, triethylenedithiol, propanedithiol, 1,3- and 1,4-butanedithiol, 1,6-hexanedithiol, Neopentanedithiol, etc.), alicyclic (C5-20) dithiols (eg cyclopentanedithiol and cyclohexanedithiol) and aromatic (C6-16) dithiols (eg benzenedithiol, biphenyldithiol).

  In the case of using the chain transfer agent for radical polymerization, the preferred lower limit is 0.001% based on the total weight of the monomers from the viewpoint of obtaining the optimum molecular weight as (A) to (C), The upper limit is preferably 0.005%, particularly preferably 0.01%, most preferably 0.05%, and the preferable upper limit is 10%, more preferably 5%, particularly preferably 3%, and most preferably 1%.

  The monomer concentration in the monomer solution in the solution dropping polymerization is, based on the total weight of the monomer solution, the lower limit is usually 5%, preferably 10% from the viewpoint of reducing the residual monomer, more preferably 15%, particularly preferably 25%, Most preferably, it is 25%, the upper limit is usually 90%, preferably 85%, more preferably 80%, particularly preferably 75%, most preferably 70% from the viewpoint of temperature control during polymerization.

  The polymerization temperature in the solution dropping polymerization is preferably controlled from the viewpoint of molecular weight control so as to keep the predetermined temperature constant (for example, predetermined temperature ± 5 ° C.). Although the temperature can be controlled by appropriately heating and cooling the reaction vessel, it is preferable to perform drop polymerization at the boiling point of the solvent from the viewpoint that it is easy to keep the predetermined temperature constant. The boiling point of the solvent can be adjusted by the type and pressure of the solvent. The polymerization temperature is usually from 40 to 190 ° C., preferably from 50 to 180 ° C., more preferably from 60 to 170 ° C., particularly preferably from 70 to 160 ° C., and most preferably from 80 to 150 ° C. from the viewpoint of ease of temperature control and safety. It is.

The end point of the polymerization can be confirmed at the time when the heat generation due to the polymerization disappears, but the polymerization time is usually 1 to 24 hours from the time when the start of the polymerization is confirmed by the heat generation. From this viewpoint, it is preferably 2 to 12 hours.
The monomer concentration, polymerization temperature, and polymerization time can be appropriately adjusted depending on the monomer composition, polymerization method, initiator type, and the like.

  In the case of using an organic solvent as a solvent during polymerization, it is preferable to replace the organic solvent with water after removing the solvent from the viewpoints of the environment and the handling risk when using the product organic coagulant. Solvent removal may be performed by heating at normal pressure or may be performed under reduced pressure. As a method for replacing with water, water may be added at any stage before, during or after the solvent removal.

  The pH of the aqueous solution of the organic coagulant is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 2 to 7, particularly preferably 3 to 6.5 from the viewpoint of preventing hydrolysis of the ester group and preventing gelation. . The pH adjuster used for adjusting the pH is not particularly limited. When the aqueous solution is alkaline, an inorganic acid (for example, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid), an inorganic solid acidic substance (for example, acidic phosphorus) Acid soda, acidic sodium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate and sulfamic acid) and organic acids (eg oxalic acid, succinic acid and malic acid). Sodium, potassium hydroxide and ammonia) and organic alkaline substances such as guanidine. In addition, the said pH is a measured value using the pH meter etc. at room temperature (20 degreeC) about the stock solution of organic coagulant aqueous solution.

  Further, when two or more of the organic coagulants (I) to (III) are used in combination, that is, when two or more of (A) to (C) are used in combination, or (A) to (C), respectively. When two or more of these are used in combination, they may be mixed after being manufactured in advance, or one of them may be manufactured in advance and added at the time of manufacturing the other. Different types of water-soluble polymers (A), (B) or (C) can also be polymerized in the presence of the water-soluble polymers (A), (B) and / or (C).

The molecular weights of (A) to (C) are represented by intrinsic viscosities (unit: dl / g, the same applies hereinafter) measured at 30 ° C. in a 1N—NaNO ₃ aqueous solution, and from the viewpoint of the setting performance of (A) to (C). The preferred lower limit is 0.01, more preferably 0.03, particularly preferably 0.05, and the preferred upper limit is 3, more preferably 2.5, particularly preferably from the viewpoint of the setting rate of (A) to (C). 2.

  The organic coagulant of the present invention is preferably an aqueous solution having a content (% by weight) of (A) to (C) of 10 to 80% from the viewpoint of physical distribution cost and handling property. More preferably, it is 15 to 75%, particularly preferably 20 to 70%, and most preferably 25 to 65%.

  The organic coagulant of the present invention can be used in combination with other coagulants (organic and inorganic coagulants) as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired in order to further improve the coagulation action. Other organic coagulants include epichlorohydrin and dimethylamine polycondensate (hydrochloride), polyallylamine (hydrochloride), polyethyleneimine (hydrochloride), polyallylamine hydrochloride, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, polydiallylmethylamine hydrochloride Examples thereof include a salt, a copolymer of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and sulfur dioxide, a copolymer of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and acrylamide, and a copolymer of diallylamine hydrochloride and sulfur dioxide. Examples of the inorganic coagulant include aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate, and slaked lime. Among these other coagulants, inorganic coagulants are more preferable from the viewpoint of filtrate clarity, and aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, ferric chloride, and polyferric sulfate are particularly preferable.

  Further, the organic coagulant of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of an antifoaming agent, a chelating agent, a pH adjusting agent, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber and a preservative, as long as it does not inhibit the effects of the present invention. Can be used in combination.

Antifoaming agents include silicone oil (eg Mn 100-100,000 dimethylpolysiloxane), mineral oil (eg spindle oil and kerosene), C12-22 metal soap (eg calcium stearate);
Chelating agents include C6-12 aminocarboxylic acids (eg ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid), polyvalent carboxylic acids [eg maleic acid, polyacrylic Acid (Mn 1,000-10,000) and isoamylene-maleic acid copolymer (Mn 1,000-10,000)], C3-10 hydroxycarboxylic acids (eg citric acid, gluconic acid, lactic acid and malic acid), Condensed phosphoric acids (eg tripolyphosphoric acid and trimetaphosphoric acid) and their salts [eg alkali metal (eg sodium and potassium) salts, alkaline earth metal (eg calcium and magnesium) salts, ammonium salts, C1-2 Alkylamine (e.g. methylamine, ethylamine and octylamine) salts and alkanolamine C2-12 (e.g. mono -, di- - and triethanolamine) salts];

  pH adjusters include caustic (eg caustic soda), amines (eg mono-, di- and triethanolamine), inorganic acids (salts) [eg inorganic acids (eg hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfamic acid and Carbonates), and their metals [e.g. alkali metals (same as above) and alkaline earth metals (same as above)] salts (e.g. sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium hydrogen sulfate and monosodium phosphate) and ammonium Salts (such as ammonium carbonate and ammonium sulfate)], organic acids (salts) [such as organic acids (such as carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids and phenols), and their metal (same as above) salts (such as sodium acetate and sodium lactate) and Ammonium salts (eg ammonium acetate and ammonium lactate)];

  Antioxidants include phenol compounds [eg hydroquinone, methoxyhydroquinone, catechol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) and 2,2′-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol). )], Sulfur-containing compounds [eg thiourea, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, dimethyldithiocarbamic acid and its salts [eg metal (same as above) and ammonium salts], sodium sulfite, sodium thiosulfate, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and Salts thereof (same as above), dilauryl 3,3′-thiodipropionate (DLTDP) and distearyl 3,3′-thiodipropionate (DSTDP)], phosphorus-containing compounds [eg triphenyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite Fight, sodium phosphite Lithium, sodium hypophosphite, triphenyl phosphite (TPP) and triisodecyl phosphite (TDP)] and nitrogenous compounds [amines such as octylated diphenylamine, Nn-butyl-p-aminophenol and N, N-diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine), urea, guanidine, and the above inorganic acid salts of guanidine];

Examples of ultraviolet absorbers include benzophenone compounds (for example, 2-hydroxybenzophenone and 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone), salicylate compounds (for example, phenyl salicylate and 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t). -Butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate), benzotriazole compounds [eg (2′-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole and (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole] and acrylic compounds [eg ethyl-2-cyano- 3,3-diphenyl acrylate and methyl-2-carbomethoxy-3- (paramethoxybenzyl) acrylate];
Examples of the preservative include benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester and sorbic acid.

  The total amount of the additive used is usually 40% or less, preferably 20% or less, based on the weight of (A), (B) and / or (C). ), (B) and / or (C), the defoamer is usually 5% or less, preferably 1 to 3%, the chelating agent is usually 30% or less, preferably 2 to 10%, pH The adjusting agent is usually 10% or less, preferably 1 to 5%, and the antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber and preservative are each usually 5% or less, preferably 0.1 to 2%.

  The organic coagulant of the present invention includes various factory wastewater (paper pulp, dyeing, automobile, metal processing, steelmaking, food, gravel collection, wastewater from factories such as semiconductor-related and cleaning industries), sewage, etc. Addition to organic sludge or inorganic sludge generated during treatment reduces specific coagulation, agglomeration effect and clarification of filtrate (COD reduction, decolorization), cake generation and cake moisture content. Show the effect.

The method for treating waste water and sludge described above using the organic coagulant of the present invention is not particularly limited.
For example, (1) Adding an organic coagulant to waste water or sludge, stirring, adjusting pH if necessary, and then separating the coagulated solid-liquid, (2) Adding organic coagulant and inorganic coagulant to waste water or sludge , Stirring, adjusting the pH if necessary, and then solid-liquid separation of the coagulum, (3) adding an organic coagulant to the waste water and sludge, stirring, adjusting the pH if necessary, coagulating, and then polymer aggregation (4) Add and stir organic coagulant and inorganic coagulant to waste water and sludge, adjust pH if necessary, and coagulate , A method in which a polymer flocculant is added to form a solid floc by forming a coarse floc, (5) an organic coagulant and a polymer flocculant, and if necessary, an inorganic coagulant are mixed in advance and added to waste water or sludge; Stirring and forming a coarse floc to separate solid and liquid It is below. Solid-liquid separation methods include, for example, gravity sedimentation, membrane filtration, column filtration, pressurized flotation, concentration devices (eg thickeners), dewatering devices (eg centrifuges, belt press dehydrators, filter press dehydrators, etc.) ) Etc. can be used.
Among these processing methods (1) to (5), the processing methods (3) and (4) are preferred from the viewpoint that coarser flocs are formed and solid-liquid separation is facilitated.
When an inorganic coagulant is used in the treatment methods (2), (4) and (5), examples of the inorganic coagulant include the above-mentioned inorganic coagulants, and two or more kinds can be used in combination. Regarding the organic coagulant, the above-mentioned other organic coagulants can be used in combination with the organic coagulant of the present invention. In any of these combined use, the addition method is not particularly limited. In the combined use of an organic coagulant and an inorganic coagulant, either one of them is added sequentially, added simultaneously, or added in advance. Any of them may be used, and the same applies to the case of using the organic coagulant of the present invention and another organic coagulant.

The polymer flocculant used in the above treatment methods (3) to (5) is not particularly limited, and may be any of cationic, nonionic, anionic, and amphoteric, and these may be used in combination.
Examples of cationic polymer flocculants include polyethyleneimine, poly (meth) acrylamide Mannich modified products, homopolymers of dialkylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate quaternized products, and other monomers such as (meth) acrylamide. Examples thereof include a copolymer and a (co) polymer containing the cationic monomer (a).
Examples of nonionic polymer flocculants include polyacrylamide.
Examples of anionic polymer flocculants include sodium poly (meth) acrylate, hydrolyzate of poly (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylamide / sodium (meth) acrylate copolymer, (meth) acrylamide / (meth) Sodium acrylate / sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, sodium (meth) acrylamide / sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, and other anionic properties described above (Co) polymer containing monomer (c), etc. are mentioned.
Examples of amphoteric polymer flocculants include cationic monomers [dialkylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate quaternized products, other cationic monomers (a) and the like] and anionic monomers [(meth) acrylic acid (salts), 2- Acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid (salt), other anionic monomers (c) and the like] and, if necessary, copolymers with nonionic monomers (acrylamide and the like).

Among these, anionic polymers are preferred from the viewpoint of reacting with cationic components such as organic coagulants and inorganic coagulants in the coagulation and sedimentation treatment of various factory wastewater, etc., and forming coarse flocs to facilitate precipitation. It is a flocculant.
In the organic sludge treatment, a cationic polymer flocculant and an amphoteric polymer flocculant are preferable from the viewpoint of having the ability to neutralize the anionic charge of the suspended particles.

The molecular weight of the polymer flocculant is represented by an intrinsic viscosity measured at 30 ° C. in a 1N-NaNO ₃ aqueous solution, and the cationic polymer flocculant is usually 4 to 30 dl / g, and the aggregation performance (floc particle size and floc strength). 5 to 20 dl / g, preferably from 5 to 40 dl / g for nonionic polymer flocculants, and preferably from 8 to 30 dl / g from the same viewpoint; usually from 5 to 40 dl / g for anionic polymer flocculants. From the same viewpoint, it is preferably 8 to 30 dl / g.

  The pH when adding the organic coagulant to the wastewater and the adjusted pH after the addition are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to adjust the pH to 6 to 8 after adding and stirring the organic coagulant at pH 6 or lower. By adjusting the pH from 6 or less to 6 or more, the anionic groups of the water-soluble polymers (B) and (C) in the present invention are dissociated to form a cationic group and an ion complex, thereby forming a denser aggregate. Is done.

As a method for adding the organic coagulant to waste water or sludge, it is preferable to make the organic coagulant into an aqueous solution from the viewpoint of uniform mixing, and then add it to the sludge or waste water and stir well. It may be added and stirred and mixed. When the organic coagulant is used as an aqueous solution, the concentration of the organic coagulant is preferably 0.01 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight.
The method for dissolving the organic coagulant and the method for diluting after the dissolution are not particularly limited. For example, a predetermined amount of the organic coagulant is added while stirring water previously measured using a stirring device such as a jar tester described later. A method of stirring and dissolving for several hours (about 1 to 4 hours) can be employed.

  The amount of organic coagulant used varies depending on the type of sludge or wastewater, the content of suspended particles, etc., and is not particularly limited, but is based on the weight of evaporation residue in wastewater and sludge (hereinafter abbreviated as TS). From the viewpoint of the effect of improving the clarity of the filtrate, the preferable lower limit is 0.005%, more preferably 0.01%, particularly preferably 0.05%, most preferably 0.1%, and the viewpoint of coagulation performance. Therefore, the preferable upper limit is 10%, more preferably 8%, particularly preferably 5%, and most preferably 2%.

  When inorganic and / or other organic coagulants are added to the wastewater separately from the organic coagulant of the present invention, the amount used is the type of sludge or wastewater, the size of suspended particles, the TS in the wastewater, etc. Depending on the TS in the wastewater, the inorganic coagulant has a preferable lower limit of 0.5%, more preferably 1%, particularly preferably 2%, and sludge generation amount from the viewpoint of improving the clarity of the filtrate. From the viewpoint of reduction, the preferable upper limit is 10%, more preferably 8%, particularly preferably 5%. For other organic coagulants, the preferable lower limit is 0.005% from the viewpoint of improving the clarity of the filtrate, The upper limit is preferably 0.01%, particularly preferably 0.05%, and from the viewpoint of cohesiveness, the upper limit is preferably 5%, more preferably 3%, and particularly preferably 1%.

In the above processing methods (3) to (5), the method for adding the polymer flocculant to the sludge or wastewater treated with the organic coagulant of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the polymer flocculant is added as it is. However, from the viewpoint of uniform mixing, a method in which the polymer flocculant is made into an aqueous solution and then added to the sludge or waste water is preferable. When the polymer flocculant is used as an aqueous solution, the concentration of the polymer flocculant is preferably 0.05 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight.
The dissolution method and the dilution method after dissolution are not particularly limited, and are the same as in the case of the organic coagulant. In particular, when a powdery polymer flocculant is dissolved in water, adding the polymer flocculant all at once is not preferable because it will leave a residue and hardly dissolve in water.

  In the treatment methods (3) to (5) above, the amount of the polymer flocculant used when added to the sludge or wastewater is the kind of sludge or wastewater, the content of suspended particles, and the amount of the polymer flocculant. Depending on the molecular weight and the like, there is no particular limitation, but from the viewpoint of coagulation performance based on TS in the sludge or wastewater, the preferred lower limit is 0.01%, more preferably 0.05%, particularly preferably 0.1%, Most preferably, it is 0.5%. From the same viewpoint, the upper limit is preferably 10%, more preferably 8%, particularly preferably 5%, and most preferably 3%.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, the part in an Example represents a weight part and% represents weight%. Intrinsic viscosity [η] (dl / g) is a value measured at 30 ° C. in a 1N-NaNO ₃ aqueous solution, and the solid content of the organic coagulant is 2 ° C. dried at 130 ° C. for 90 minutes using a circulating dryer. This is expressed as the subsequent evaporation residue (% by weight). In addition, TS in wastewater was performed according to the analysis method described in the sewer test method (Japan Sewerage Association, 1984 version).
Evaluation of wastewater treatment using the organic coagulant and polymer flocculant of the present invention [1] (floc particle size, sludge volume%, COD, filtrate clarity and cake moisture content), and Evaluation [2] (supernatant liquid clarity, coagulability, decolorization and COD) when wastewater treatment was performed using only the organic coagulant was according to the following method.

Evaluation [1]
(1) Flock particle size Jar tester [Miyamoto Riken Kogyo Co., Ltd., model JMD-6HS-A, and so on. ] Two plate-shaped PVC stirring blades (horizontal 5 cm, vertical 2 cm, thickness 0.2 cm) are attached to the stirring bar continuously in a vertical shape so as to form a cross, and 500 ml of waste water is taken into a 500 ml beaker. Set on a tester. The rotation number of the jar tester is set to 150 rpm, and while stirring the wastewater slowly, a predetermined amount of the inorganic coagulant is added, and after 1 minute, a predetermined amount of the organic coagulant is added and further stirred for 1 minute. After adjusting the pH to about 7 with a 1% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, a predetermined amount of the polymer flocculant aqueous solution (0.2%) is added and stirred for 2 minutes, and then the stirring is stopped and the size of the aggregate is visually observed. (The floc particle diameter at 150 rpm is shown in the table).

(2) Sludge%
T-1189 nylon filter cloth [Shikishima Kanbusu Co., Ltd., circular shape, diameter 9 cm], Nutsche funnel, 500 ml graduated cylinder was set, and all of the treated water after the above floc particle size test was added at once. Filter. The amount of sludge obtained by filtration is measured, and the volume ratio (%) with respect to the total wastewater volume is calculated as sludge volume%.

(3) COD
About the filtrate after the said filtration, COD _Mn is measured according to the COD _Mn analysis method as described in JIS K-0102 (1998 version).
(4) Filtrate clarity About the filtrate after the said filtration, the absorbance meter [UV-1200, the Shimadzu Corporation make, the same hereafter. ], The absorbance at wavelengths of 590 nm and 700 nm is measured, and the filtrate clarity is evaluated. The numerical value (%) of absorbance indicates a value when the absorbance of ion-exchanged water is 100%.
(5) Moisture content of cake Part of the sludge obtained by the filtration is taken out with a spatula and dehydrated using a press filter tester. (Pressurizing condition 2 kg / cm ² , 60 seconds) About 3 g of dehydrated cake was weighed (W1) in a petri dish and completely evaporated in a circulating dryer (for example, 8 at 105 ± 5 ° C.) Time) After drying, the cake moisture content is calculated from the following equation, where (W2) is the weight of the dried cake remaining on the petri dish.

Cake moisture content (% by weight) = {(W1) − (W2)} × 100 / (W1)

Evaluation [2]
(1) Supernatant liquid clarity 500 ml of waste water is taken in a 500 ml beaker and set in a jar tester in the same manner as in the evaluation method of [1] (1) above. The rotation number of the jar tester is set to 120 rpm, while slowly stirring the waste water, a predetermined amount of 2% organic coagulant aqueous solution is added at a time and stirred for 30 seconds, and then the pH is adjusted to 7.0 with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. After 3 minutes after adjusting the pH, the clarity of the supernatant is evaluated in the same manner as in the above [1] (4).
(2) Congeability After the evaluation of (1) above, the measurement liquid is returned to the beaker, and then the treated wastewater is centrifuged (TOMY SEIKO CO.). LTD. Product, type LC06], and centrifuged at 2,000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the sedimentation sludge (lower layer) volume% with respect to the total wastewater volume is measured to evaluate the setting property. It shows that it is excellent in setting property, so that this volume% is small.
(3) Decoloring property About the supernatant liquid after the said centrifugation, the light absorbency in wavelength 430nm and 700nm is measured with an absorptiometer, and decoloring property is evaluated. In addition, the numerical value (%) of the absorbance indicates a value when the absorbance of the ion exchange water is 100%.
(4) COD
About the filtrate after the said centrifugation, it evaluates similarly to the method of said [1] (3).

Production Example 1
Into a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a temperature sensor, a cooling tube, a dropping funnel and a mantle heater, 150 parts of isopropyl alcohol and 50 parts of water were charged and heated to reflux with stirring. From a dropping funnel, 177 parts of isopropyl alcohol as a reaction solvent, 59 parts of water, 2.5 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile as a polymerization initiator, 80 of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate as a monomer component A homogeneous mixed solution of 471 parts of a% aqueous solution and 32 parts of stearyl methacrylate was added dropwise to the flask over 4 hours with stirring in the flask at 80 to 85 ° C. In order to complete the polymerization after the dropwise addition, a uniform mixed solution of 63 parts of isopropyl alcohol, 21 parts of water and 1 part of azobisisobutyronitrile was dropped into the flask at 80 to 85 ° C. over 1 hour and kept at the same temperature for 30 minutes. Aged with. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to 100 ° C., and isopropyl alcohol was removed under reduced pressure. Since the viscosity increases during the removal under reduced pressure, 495 parts of water is added, and finally 0.1 part of sulfuric acid is added to adjust the pH to 3.5, and the mixture is stirred uniformly to obtain a water-soluble copolymer (A1). 1,000 parts of an aqueous solution of was obtained. The solid content was 41% and the intrinsic viscosity was 0.19 dl / g.

Production Example 2
An aqueous solution of the water-soluble copolymer (B1) in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the monomer component was 476 parts of an 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and 28 parts of methacrylic acid. 1,000 parts were obtained. (Solid content 40%, intrinsic viscosity 0.18 dl / g)

Production Example 3
Water-soluble copolymer in the same manner as in Production Example 1, except that the monomer component was 447 parts of an 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 34 parts of stearyl methacrylate, and 17 parts of methacrylic acid. 1,000 parts of an aqueous solution of (C1) was obtained. (Solid content 40%, intrinsic viscosity 0.17 dl / g)

Production Example 4
Water soluble in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the monomer component was 445 parts of an 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 11 parts of styrene, 34 parts of stearyl methacrylate, and 9 parts of methacrylic acid. 1,000 parts of an aqueous solution of a conductive copolymer (C2) was obtained. (Solid content 41%, intrinsic viscosity 0.18 dl / g)

Production Example 5
Water-soluble in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the monomer component was 432 parts of an 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 11 parts of styrene, 35 parts of stearyl methacrylate, and 18 parts of methacrylic acid. 1,000 parts of an aqueous solution of the copolymer (C3) was obtained. (Solid content 41%, intrinsic viscosity 0.17 dl / g)

Production Example 6
Water-soluble in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the monomer component was 406 parts of an 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 10 parts of styrene, 66 parts of stearyl methacrylate, and 8 parts of methacrylic acid. 1,000 parts of an aqueous solution of a conductive copolymer (C4) was obtained. (Solid content 40%, inherent viscosity 0.15 dl / g)

Production Example 7
Water-soluble in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the monomer component was 342 parts of 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 23 parts of styrene, 74 parts of stearyl methacrylate, and 38 parts of methacrylic acid. 1,000 parts of an aqueous solution of a conductive copolymer (C5) was obtained. (Solid content 40%, inherent viscosity 0.09 dl / g)

Production Example 8
As a polymerization initiator, 0.4 part of azobisisobutyronitrile is used, and the monomer component is 445 parts of an 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 11 parts of styrene, 34 parts of stearyl methacrylate. 1,000 parts of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer (C6) was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that 9 parts of methacrylic acid was used. (Solid content 40%, intrinsic viscosity 1.9 dl / g)

Production Example 9
1,000 parts of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble copolymer (ratio 1) in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the monomer component was 511 parts of an 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate. Got. (Solid content 41%, intrinsic viscosity 0.2 dl / g)

  Table 1 shows the composition, solid content and intrinsic viscosity of (A1), (B1), (C1) to (C6) and (Ratio 1).

ＤＡＭＱ ：Ｎ，Ｎ−ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートのメチルクロライド４級ア
ンモニウム塩
Ｃ１８ＭＡ：ステアリルメタクリレート
Ｓｔ ：スチレン
ＭＡｃ ：メタクリル酸

DAMQ: methyl chloride quaternary compound of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate
Nmmonium salt C18MA: Stearyl methacrylate St: Styrene MAc: Methacrylic acid

Examples 1-10, Comparative Examples 1-5
500 ml of waste water [pH 5.9, TS 1.0%, COD _Mn 1,000 mg / L] collected from the F dyeing factory was placed in a 500 ml beaker, set in a jar tester, and evaluated by the method described above. Ferric chloride (38% aqueous solution) is used as the inorganic coagulant, and (A1), (B1), and (C1) to (C6) are dissolved in ion-exchanged water as the organic coagulant. It was used as an organic coagulant (I-1), (II-1), (III-1) to (III-6), respectively, (Ratio 1) and polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride [trade name: SWIFLOCK SR -2000, manufactured by Suirei Co., Ltd.] was similarly used as an aqueous solution having a solid content of 2%, and each was used as an organic coagulant. As the polymer flocculant, an anionic polymer flocculant [trade name: Sanflock AH2025P, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.] was dissolved in ion-exchanged water and used as an aqueous solution having a solid content of 0.2%. The amounts added and the results are shown in Table 2.
From Table 2, it can be seen that the examples are superior in COD reduction characteristics and filtrate clarity compared to the comparative examples. Moreover, in an Example, since the amount of sludge is small and a cake moisture content is low compared with a comparative example, it turns out that the amount of waste can be reduced more.

（＊１）スイフロックＳＲ−２０００

(* 1) SWIFLOCK SR-2000

Examples 11-18, Comparative Examples 6-7
Waste water collected from N dyeing factory [pH 5.9, TS 0.06% COD _Mn 900 mg / L], the organic coagulant had a solid content of 2% used in Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 above. Using an aqueous solution, the addition amount (solid content) of the organic coagulant was set to 0.5% / TS, and the performance of the organic coagulant was evaluated by the method of the above evaluation [2]. The results are shown in Table 3.
From Table 3, it can be seen that the organic coagulants of the examples are superior in all of the supernatant liquid clarity, coagulability, decolorization and COD compared to the comparative examples.

（＊１）スイフロックＳＲ−２０００

(* 1) SWIFLOCK SR-2000

  The organic coagulant of the present invention is used for COD reduction treatment of paper mill wastewater and the like, and for decolorization of coloring components, as well as dye fixing agents, paper making agents (for example, paper industry industrial formation forming aid, drainage yield) Improvers, drainage improvers and paper strength enhancers), sludge dehydration treatment agents, dispersants, scale inhibitors, antistatic agents and fiber treatment agents.

Claims (6)

An organic coagulant having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.01 to 1.9 dl / g of one or more selected from the group consisting of the following organic coagulants (I), (II) and (III).

(I): a cationic monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (1), and a hydrophobic (meth) acrylic acid derivative (b) having a solubility in water of 1 g / 100 g of water and having 8 or more carbon atoms
Organic coagulant (II) characterized by comprising a water-soluble copolymer (A) obtained by copolymerizing a monomer comprising: a cationic monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (1) and an anionic property Organic coagulant (III) characterized by comprising water-soluble copolymer (B) obtained by copolymerizing monomer (c): cationic monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (1), water Solubility in water is 1
g / water 100 g or less hydrophobic (meth) acrylic acid derivative (b)
And a water-soluble copolymer (C) obtained by copolymerizing an anionic monomer (c)
Organic coagulant characterized by comprising

^{_{CH 2 = CR 1 -CO-X}} -Q-N + R 2 R 3 R 4 · Z - (1)

[Wherein, X is O or NH; Q is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R ¹ is H or a methyl group; R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently selected. And H, an alkyl, aralkyl or alkylaryl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; and Z ⁻ represents a counter anion. ] The organic coagulant according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of (a) based on the weight of (A) is 40 to 99 mol%, and the proportion of (b) is 1 to 40 mol%. The organic coagulant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the proportion of (a) based on the weight of (B) is 40 to 99 mol%, and the proportion of (c) is 1 to 50 mol%. The proportion of (a) based on the weight of (C) is 40 to 98 mol%, the proportion of (b) is 1 to 40 mol%, and the proportion of (c) is 1 to 50 mol%. Any of the organic coagulants described. The monomer according to (A), (B) and / or (C), further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a styrene compound and a divalent vinyl compound. Organic coagulant. Sludge characterized in that the organic coagulant according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is added to sludge or wastewater, mixed and coagulated, and then a polymer flocculant is added to form a floc for solid-liquid separation. Wastewater treatment method.