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JP4540784B2 - Blood pressure measurement method and blood pressure monitor - Google Patents

Blood pressure measurement method and blood pressure monitor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4540784B2
JP4540784B2 JP2000001288A JP2000001288A JP4540784B2 JP 4540784 B2 JP4540784 B2 JP 4540784B2 JP 2000001288 A JP2000001288 A JP 2000001288A JP 2000001288 A JP2000001288 A JP 2000001288A JP 4540784 B2 JP4540784 B2 JP 4540784B2
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pressure
blood
pressure gauge
blood flow
sphygmomanometer
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JP2001190507A (en
Inventor
春江 劉
洋巳 和田
憲治 大仲
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春江 劉
洋巳 和田
憲治 大仲
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Priority to AU22297/01A priority patent/AU2229701A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2000/009389 priority patent/WO2001049170A1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/026Measuring blood flow
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6887Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/04Constructional details of apparatus
    • A61B2560/0406Constructional details of apparatus specially shaped apparatus housings
    • A61B2560/0418Pen-shaped housings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/04Constructional details of apparatus
    • A61B2560/0462Apparatus with built-in sensors

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
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  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、血圧測定方法及び血圧計に属する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
血圧は、重要な生命指標の一つであり、病気の診断や健康の管理などによく使われる。従来より、血圧を測定する血圧計には、針やカテーテルを備えたタイプ(以下、針挿入式血圧計という。)と、膨張可能な袋が内蔵された非伸展性のカフを備えたタイプ(以下、カフ式血圧計という。)との2種類がある。針挿入式血圧計では、針やカテーテルを末梢動脈に挿入し、ストレンゲージで血圧を直接測定する。一方、カフ式血圧計では、カフで四肢や指を包み、カフ内の袋を空気で膨張させることにより、血流が止まるまで動脈を締め付ける。そして、カフの圧力を減少させながら、聴診法や触診法によって収縮期及び拡張期における動脈血圧を測定する。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、針挿入式血圧計の場合、針若しくはカテーテルによって動脈を損傷させるので危険が伴い、よって、医療従事者に測定してもらう必要がある。その上、針挿入式血圧計はかなり大きくて高価である。従って、この血圧計では自宅において一人で血圧を測定することができない。
【0004】
カフ式血圧計の場合には、収縮期及び拡張期の動脈血圧しか測定されないので、血圧を連続的にモニターすることができず、静脈の血圧を測定することもできない。また、四肢若しくは指をカフで包まなければならないので測定するのに手間がかかる上、一回の測定に数分間も要する。四肢などを常時カフで包んだままにして、血圧が一定時間毎に自動的に測定されるようにするのは可能だが、測定中に四肢などがきつく締め付けられるので、眠っている場合には睡眠が妨げられる。また、故障によりカフが四肢などを締め付けたまま減圧されないとき、血流が悪くなり、動脈炎や壊死をもたらす怖れがある。さらに、この血圧計では、カフやカフを加圧する手段が必要なので、小型化するのに限界がある。
【0005】
それ故、本発明の目的は、血圧を連続的に測定することができて、小型化が可能であり、また、何処でも安全且つ簡単に血圧を測定することができる方法、及び血圧計を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の血圧測定方法は、
同一血管内の血流の側圧及び血流の動圧を同時に測り、次式の計算をすることを特徴としている。
(血圧)=(血流の側圧)+(血流の動圧)
血流の動圧については、次式より求めると良い。
(血流の動圧)=1/2×(血液密度)×(血流の流速)2
【0007】
本発明の血圧計は、
血流の側圧を測定する手段と、血流の流速を測定する手段と、次式の計算をする中央処理部とを備えていることを特徴としている。
(血圧)=(血流の側圧)+1/2×(血液密度)×(血流の流速)2
【0008】
流体力学よると、血圧を、(血圧)=(血流の側圧)+(血流の動圧)と表すことができる。また、ベルヌーイの定理によると、(流体の動圧)=1/2×(流体密度)×(流体の流速)2である。従って、血圧は次式のようになる。
(血圧)=(血流の側圧)+1/2×(血液密度)×(血流の流速)2
ここで、血液密度については、定数と考えれば良く、事前に調べることができる。よって、血流の側圧を測定する手段及び血流の流速を測定する手段により血流の側圧及び流速を測定し、上記の式に従った計算を中央処理部にさせれば、血圧を算出することができる。従って、本発明によると血圧を測定することができ、また、動脈だけでなく静脈の血圧も測定することができる。しかも、測定対象は収縮期や拡張期の血圧に限られないので、血圧の連続的なモニターが可能である。
【0009】
血流の側圧を測定する手段としては、センサー部を皮膚に当てることによって測定可能な圧力計が好ましい。例えば、機械式圧力計、電気式圧力計、液柱型圧力計、分銅式圧力計、弾性式圧力計、抵抗式圧力計、半導体圧力計、磁気圧力計、容量式圧力計、誘導式圧力計、圧電式圧力計、表面弾性波圧力計、光電式圧力計、水晶振動型圧力計、及びシリコンダイアフラム圧力計がある。また、血流の流速を測定する手段としては、センサー部を皮膚に当てることによって測定可能な流速計が好ましい。例えば、電磁形流速計、渦流流速計、超音波流速計、熱線流速計、熱膜流速計、レーザドップラ流速計、レーザ流速計、オリフィス流速計、及び赤外線流速計がある。
【0010】
側圧測定手段及び流速測定手段が上記の圧力計及び流速計である場合、圧力計のセンサー部及び流速計のセンサー部を、皮膚の同一の血管が通っている箇所に軽く当てるだけで血圧が測定される。従って、簡単に血圧を測定することができ、また、睡眠中に測定しても睡眠の妨げとはならない。しかも、血管を損傷させることもなければ血流を悪くすることもないので、安全である。
【0011】
圧力計、流速計及び中央処理部は、かなり小さくすることができるので、本発明の血圧計では小型化が容易であり、携帯可能な程度に小さくすることもできる。よって、本発明の血圧計によると、自宅のみならず何処ででも簡単に血圧を測定できる。また、携帯電話、ポケットベル、小型テープレコーダー、ペン、時計、玩具、リモコン又は受話器などの身の回り品に、本発明の血圧計を内蔵させても良い。さらに、本発明の血圧計を、体温、心電図、酸素飽和度などの他の生命指標を測定する装置と合体させて、省スペース化を図っても良い。
【0012】
本発明の血圧計において、測定結果を記憶するメモリーを備えていると、過去に測定した結果と新しい測定結果とを比較することができる。また、結果をコンピューターに保存し、コンピューターで解析することができる。さらに、測定結果を送信する手段を備えていると、例えば、自宅で測定した血圧の値を医療施設に送信し、医療従事者に診断してもらうことが可能である。よって、医療施設にまでわざわざ足を運ぶ必要がなく、遠隔医療や老人・障害者の介護に便利である。送信は、電話回線などの通信回線を通じて、又は無線で行われると良い。睡眠中でも血圧を測定する場合には、測定結果が定期的に又は連続的に送信されるようにしても良い。
【0013】
本発明の血圧計によると、血圧を連続的にモニターすることができるので、時間を横軸にしたときの血圧の波形を知ることができ、収縮期及び拡張期の動脈血圧、動脈収縮周期等も知ることができる。よって、中央処理部に下記の計算をさせることにより、脈圧、平均動脈血圧及び脈拍についても測定することができる。
(脈圧)=(収縮期の動脈血圧)−(拡張期の動脈血圧)
(平均動脈血圧)=(拡張期の動脈血圧)+1/3×{(収縮期の動脈血圧)−(拡張期の動脈血圧)}
(脈拍)=(動脈収縮周期(秒))/60
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
−第1実施形態−
第1実施形態の血圧計を図1にブロック図として示す。
【0015】
本実施形態の血圧計は、圧力計1と、流速計2と、中央処理部3と、メモリー部4と、表示部5とを備える。圧力計1及び流速計2はいずれもセンサーを有し、センサーは皮膚の上から血流の側圧及び流速を検知する。また、中央処理部3は、下式に従って計算をするようにプログラムされている。尚、血液密度については、事前に調べられ、入力されている。

Figure 0004540784
【0016】
この血圧計を用いて血圧を測定するには、圧力計1及び流速計2の各センサーで、例えば手首の橈骨動脈上の皮膚を軽く押すだけで良い。すると、圧力計1及び流速計2により、血流の側圧及び流速が測定される。側圧及び流速の測定値は電気信号として中央処理部3に送られる。そして、中央処理部3では、上記の式から血圧の値が算出され、続いて脈圧、平均動脈血圧、及び脈拍の値が算出される。血流の流速及び血圧の結果は、時間を横軸としたグラフとして連続的に表示部5に表示され、脈圧、平均動脈血圧及び脈拍については、数値が表示部5に表示される。また、各結果はメモリー部4に記憶される。
【0017】
ここで、センサーで皮膚を押す力が弱すぎて血管が全く変形しない場合には、流速の値は最大値となり、また、力が強すぎて血流が止まる場合には、側圧の値は最大値を示し流速の値は0となる。これらの場合の側圧及び流速の値は、中央処理部3において正しい値と判断されずに無視される。また、血液の粘度や密度が著しく高い若しくは低い場合には、血流の動圧を次式から求める。
(血流の動圧)=1/2×(血液密度)×(血流の流速)2×x+y
[xは第一補正変数、yは第二補正変数]
【0018】
本実施形態の血圧計では、血圧を連続的に測定することができ、血流流速、脈拍、平均動脈血圧及び脈拍をも測定することができるので、正確な診断が可能である。測定の際には、圧力計1及び流速計2のセンサーで皮膚を軽く押すだけでよいので、安全かつ簡単に測定することができる。また、センサーで静脈上の皮膚を押すと、静脈の血圧を測定することも可能である。さらに、本実施形態では、測定した各結果がメモリー部4に記憶されるので、新しい測定結果を過去の結果と比較したり、測定結果をコンピューターに保存して解析することができる。
【0019】
−第2実施形態−
第2実施形態の血圧計を図2に正面図として示す。
この実施形態では、第1実施形態と同じ機能をもつ血圧計が、ペン6の中に内蔵されている。ペン6の後端にはセンサー窓7があり、センサー窓7には、図3に示すように圧力計1及び流速計2のセンサーが並列に設けられている。従って、このセンサー窓7で皮膚を軽く押すことにより、血圧、血流流速、脈拍、平均動脈血圧及び脈拍が測定され、メモリー部に記憶されるとともに、表示部5に表示される。
【0020】
本実施形態の血圧計は、ペン6の中に内蔵されているため、携帯することができる。よって、何処ででも手軽に血圧、血流流速、脈拍、平均動脈血圧及び脈拍を測定することができ、自己の健康管理が容易になる。また、医療従事者にとっても、本実施形態の血圧計を携帯しておけば、患者の健康状態をその場で直ぐに知ることができるので便利である。
【0021】
−第3実施形態−
第3実施形態の血圧計を図4に正面図として、図5に背面図として示す。
この実施形態の血圧計は、携帯電話8の中に内蔵されている。センサー窓7は携帯電話8の背面の下部に設けられており、表示部5は携帯電話8の表示部としても機能する。この実施形態においても、第1、第2実施形態と同様にして、血圧、血流流速、脈拍、平均動脈血圧及び脈拍を測定することができる。
【0022】
本実施形態では、第2実施形態と同じく携帯可能なので、何処ででも手軽に血圧等を測定することができる。さらに、本実施携帯では、携帯電話8の送信機能を利用すれば、測定結果を医療施設等に送信することができる。従って、本実施形態の血圧計によると、医療施設にまで行く必要がなくなり、そのため、遠隔医療や老人・障害者の介護に役立つ。尚、図4、5では、センサー窓7は携帯電話8の背面下部に設けられているが、この位置に限定されるわけではなく、例えば、図6に示すように上端に柱9を付けてその先端に設けても良い。
【0023】
−第4実施形態−
第4実施形態の血圧計を図7に正面図として示す。
この実施形態では、第1実施形態と同じ機能をもつ血圧計9が、体温計10と合体している。血圧計9及び体温計10はいずれも、軸12、12を介して本体11に回動可能に固定されていて、不使用時には本体11内に収納され得る。センサー窓7は血圧計9の端面に設けられており、本体11に設けられた表示部5は体温計10の表示部も兼ねる。また、この実施形態においても、第1、2、3実施形態と同様にして、血圧、血流流速、脈拍、平均動脈血圧及び脈拍を測定することができる。
【0024】
本実施形態では、体温計10と合体しているため、血圧等の他、体温も測定することができる。しかも、血圧計9及び体温計10は本体11内に収納可能なので、携帯しやすく、また家においても邪魔にならない。よって自己の健康管理に便利である。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明によると、血圧を24時間連続してモニターすることができ、さらに血流流速、脈拍、平均動脈血圧及び脈拍についても測定することができる。また、測定するのに手間がかからず、しかも安全である。その上、携帯することもできるので、何処ででも簡単に血圧等を測定することができる。さらに、測定結果を別の送信することができるので、遠隔医療や老人・障害者介護において利用しうる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】第1実施形態の血圧計を示すブロック図である。
【図2】第2実施形態の血圧計を示す正面図である。
【図3】第2実施形態におけるセンサー窓を示す正面図である。
【図4】第3実施形態の血圧計を示す正面図である。
【図5】第3実施形態の血圧計を示す背面図である。
【図6】第3実施形態の他の例を示す正面図である。
【図7】第4実施形態の血圧計を示す正面図である。
【符号の説明】
1圧力計
2流速計
3中央処理部
4メモリー部
5表示部
6ペン
7センサー窓
8携帯電話
9血圧計
10体温計
11本体
12軸[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to a blood pressure measurement method and a blood pressure monitor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Blood pressure is one of the important life indicators and is often used for disease diagnosis and health management. Conventionally, blood pressure monitors for measuring blood pressure include a type equipped with a needle and a catheter (hereinafter referred to as a needle insertion type sphygmomanometer) and a type equipped with a non-extensible cuff containing an inflatable bag ( Hereinafter, there are two types of cuff sphygmomanometers). In a needle insertion type sphygmomanometer, a needle or catheter is inserted into a peripheral artery, and blood pressure is directly measured with a strain gauge. On the other hand, in the cuff type sphygmomanometer, the limbs and fingers are wrapped with the cuff, and the bag in the cuff is inflated with air to tighten the artery until the blood flow stops. Then, the arterial blood pressure in the systole and the diastole is measured by an auscultation method or a palpation method while reducing the cuff pressure.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of a needle insertion type sphygmomanometer, the artery is damaged by the needle or the catheter, which is dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to have a medical worker measure. In addition, needle-inserted sphygmomanometers are quite large and expensive. Therefore, this blood pressure monitor cannot measure blood pressure alone at home.
[0004]
In the case of the cuff sphygmomanometer, only the systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressures are measured, so that the blood pressure cannot be continuously monitored and the venous blood pressure cannot be measured. In addition, since it is necessary to wrap the limbs or fingers with a cuff, it takes time to measure and several minutes are required for one measurement. While it is possible to keep the limbs wrapped in a cuff at all times so that the blood pressure is automatically measured at regular intervals, the limbs are tightly tightened during the measurement, so sleep when sleeping Is disturbed. In addition, when the cuff is not decompressed with the extremities tightened due to a failure, blood flow may deteriorate and arteritis or necrosis may occur. Furthermore, this sphygmomanometer requires a cuff and a means for pressurizing the cuff, so there is a limit to downsizing.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and a sphygmomanometer that can measure blood pressure continuously, can be miniaturized, and can safely and easily measure blood pressure anywhere. There is to do.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The blood pressure measurement method of the present invention comprises:
It is characterized in that the lateral pressure of the blood flow and the dynamic pressure of the blood flow in the same blood vessel are simultaneously measured and the following equation is calculated.
(Blood pressure) = (side pressure of blood flow) + (dynamic pressure of blood flow)
The dynamic pressure of the blood flow can be obtained from the following equation.
(Dynamic pressure of blood flow) = 1/2 × (blood density) × (flow velocity of blood flow) 2
[0007]
The blood pressure monitor of the present invention is
It is characterized by comprising means for measuring the side pressure of the blood flow, means for measuring the flow velocity of the blood flow, and a central processing unit for calculating the following equation.
(Blood pressure) = (side pressure of blood flow) + 1/2 × (blood density) × (flow rate of blood flow) 2
[0008]
According to fluid dynamics, blood pressure can be expressed as (blood pressure) = (side pressure of blood flow) + (dynamic pressure of blood flow). Also, according to Bernoulli's theorem, (fluid dynamic pressure) = 1/2 × (fluid density) × (fluid flow velocity) 2 . Therefore, the blood pressure is as follows:
(Blood pressure) = (side pressure of blood flow) + 1/2 × (blood density) × (flow rate of blood flow) 2
Here, the blood density may be considered as a constant and can be examined in advance. Therefore, the blood pressure is calculated by measuring the side pressure and the flow velocity of the blood flow by the means for measuring the side pressure of the blood flow and the means for measuring the flow velocity of the blood flow, and calculating the central processing unit according to the above formula. be able to. Therefore, according to the present invention, blood pressure can be measured, and not only arteries but also venous blood pressure can be measured. In addition, since the measurement target is not limited to systolic or diastolic blood pressure, blood pressure can be continuously monitored.
[0009]
As a means for measuring the side pressure of the blood flow, a pressure gauge that can be measured by applying a sensor part to the skin is preferable. For example, mechanical pressure gauge, electric pressure gauge, liquid column pressure gauge, weight pressure gauge, elastic pressure gauge, resistance pressure gauge, semiconductor pressure gauge, magnetic pressure gauge, capacitive pressure gauge, induction pressure gauge , Piezoelectric pressure gauges, surface acoustic wave pressure gauges, photoelectric pressure gauges, crystal vibration pressure gauges, and silicon diaphragm pressure gauges. Moreover, as a means for measuring the flow velocity of the blood flow, a flow meter that can be measured by placing the sensor portion on the skin is preferable. Examples include an electromagnetic current meter, a vortex current meter, an ultrasonic current meter, a hot wire current meter, a hot film current meter, a laser Doppler current meter, a laser current meter, an orifice current meter, and an infrared current meter.
[0010]
When the side pressure measurement means and flow velocity measurement means are the above-mentioned pressure gauge and flow velocity meter, blood pressure can be measured simply by lightly applying the pressure gauge sensor portion and the flow velocity sensor portion to the part of the skin where the same blood vessel passes. Is done. Therefore, blood pressure can be easily measured, and even if it is measured during sleep, sleep is not disturbed. Moreover, it is safe because it does not damage blood vessels and does not deteriorate blood flow.
[0011]
Since the pressure gauge, the current meter and the central processing unit can be made considerably small, the sphygmomanometer of the present invention can be easily downsized and can be made small enough to be portable. Therefore, according to the sphygmomanometer of the present invention, blood pressure can be easily measured not only at home but also anywhere. In addition, the sphygmomanometer of the present invention may be incorporated in personal items such as a mobile phone, a pager, a small tape recorder, a pen, a watch, a toy, a remote controller or a receiver. Furthermore, the sphygmomanometer of the present invention may be combined with a device for measuring other life indicators such as body temperature, electrocardiogram, and oxygen saturation to save space.
[0012]
If the blood pressure monitor of the present invention is provided with a memory for storing the measurement results, it is possible to compare the results measured in the past with the new measurement results. The results can also be stored on a computer and analyzed by computer. Furthermore, if a means for transmitting the measurement result is provided, for example, the value of the blood pressure measured at home can be transmitted to a medical facility, and a medical worker can be diagnosed. Therefore, it is not necessary to travel to a medical facility, which is convenient for telemedicine and care for the elderly and disabled. The transmission may be performed through a communication line such as a telephone line or wirelessly. When measuring blood pressure even during sleep, the measurement results may be transmitted periodically or continuously.
[0013]
According to the sphygmomanometer of the present invention, blood pressure can be continuously monitored, so that the waveform of blood pressure when time is plotted on the horizontal axis, arterial blood pressure during systole and diastole, arterial contraction cycle, etc. You can also know. Therefore, the pulse pressure, the average arterial blood pressure, and the pulse can be measured by causing the central processing unit to perform the following calculation.
(Pulse pressure) = (arterial blood pressure during systole)-(arterial blood pressure during diastole)
(Mean arterial blood pressure) = (diastolic arterial blood pressure) + 1/3 × {(systolic arterial blood pressure) − (diastolic arterial blood pressure)}
(Pulse) = (arterial contraction cycle (seconds)) / 60
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
-First embodiment-
The sphygmomanometer of the first embodiment is shown as a block diagram in FIG.
[0015]
The sphygmomanometer according to the present embodiment includes a pressure gauge 1, a current meter 2, a central processing unit 3, a memory unit 4, and a display unit 5. Both the pressure gauge 1 and the velocimeter 2 have sensors, and the sensors detect the lateral pressure and flow velocity of the blood flow from above the skin. The central processing unit 3 is programmed to perform calculations according to the following formula. The blood density is checked and input in advance.
Figure 0004540784
[0016]
In order to measure blood pressure using this sphygmomanometer, it is only necessary to lightly press the skin on the radial artery of the wrist, for example, with the sensors of the pressure gauge 1 and the velocimeter 2. Then, the side pressure and the flow velocity of the blood flow are measured by the pressure gauge 1 and the flow meter 2. The measured values of the side pressure and flow velocity are sent to the central processing unit 3 as electric signals. Then, the central processing unit 3 calculates a blood pressure value from the above formula, and subsequently calculates a pulse pressure, an average arterial blood pressure, and a pulse value. The results of blood flow velocity and blood pressure are continuously displayed on the display unit 5 as a graph with time as the horizontal axis, and numerical values are displayed on the display unit 5 for pulse pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, and pulse. Each result is stored in the memory unit 4.
[0017]
Here, when the force of pushing the skin with the sensor is too weak and the blood vessel does not deform at all, the value of the flow velocity is the maximum value, and when the force is too strong to stop the blood flow, the side pressure value is the maximum value. The value of the flow velocity is 0. The values of the side pressure and the flow velocity in these cases are ignored without being judged as correct values by the central processing unit 3. When the viscosity or density of blood is extremely high or low, the dynamic pressure of blood flow is obtained from the following equation.
(Dynamic pressure of blood flow) = 1/2 × (blood density) × (flow rate of blood flow) 2 × x + y
[x is the first correction variable, y is the second correction variable]
[0018]
In the sphygmomanometer of this embodiment, blood pressure can be continuously measured, and blood flow velocity, pulse, mean arterial blood pressure, and pulse can also be measured, so that accurate diagnosis is possible. In measurement, since it is only necessary to lightly press the skin with the sensors of the pressure gauge 1 and the velocimeter 2, the measurement can be performed safely and easily. It is also possible to measure the blood pressure in the vein by pressing the skin over the vein with a sensor. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since each measured result is memorize | stored in the memory part 4, a new measurement result can be compared with a past result, or a measurement result can be preserve | saved at a computer and can be analyzed.
[0019]
-Second Embodiment-
The sphygmomanometer of the second embodiment is shown as a front view in FIG.
In this embodiment, a sphygmomanometer having the same function as in the first embodiment is built in the pen 6. A sensor window 7 is provided at the rear end of the pen 6. The sensor window 7 is provided with the sensors of the pressure gauge 1 and the velocimeter 2 in parallel as shown in FIG. Therefore, by lightly pressing the skin with the sensor window 7, blood pressure, blood flow velocity, pulse, average arterial blood pressure and pulse are measured and stored in the memory unit and displayed on the display unit 5.
[0020]
Since the sphygmomanometer of this embodiment is built in the pen 6, it can be carried around. Therefore, blood pressure, blood flow velocity, pulse, mean arterial blood pressure and pulse can be easily measured everywhere, and self-health management becomes easy. Also, it is convenient for medical professionals to carry the sphygmomanometer of this embodiment because the patient's health condition can be known immediately on the spot.
[0021]
-Third embodiment-
The sphygmomanometer of the third embodiment is shown as a front view in FIG. 4 and as a rear view in FIG.
The blood pressure monitor of this embodiment is built in the mobile phone 8. The sensor window 7 is provided in the lower part of the back surface of the mobile phone 8, and the display unit 5 also functions as a display unit of the mobile phone 8. In this embodiment as well, blood pressure, blood flow velocity, pulse, average arterial blood pressure, and pulse can be measured in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments.
[0022]
Since this embodiment is portable like the second embodiment, blood pressure and the like can be easily measured everywhere. Furthermore, in this embodiment mobile phone, if the transmission function of the mobile phone 8 is used, the measurement result can be transmitted to a medical facility or the like. Therefore, according to the sphygmomanometer of the present embodiment, it is not necessary to go to a medical facility, which is useful for telemedicine and care for the elderly and disabled. 4 and 5, the sensor window 7 is provided at the lower back of the mobile phone 8. However, the position is not limited to this position. For example, as shown in FIG. You may provide in the front-end | tip.
[0023]
-Fourth embodiment-
The sphygmomanometer of the fourth embodiment is shown as a front view in FIG.
In this embodiment, a sphygmomanometer 9 having the same function as that of the first embodiment is combined with a thermometer 10. Both the sphygmomanometer 9 and the thermometer 10 are rotatably fixed to the main body 11 via shafts 12 and 12 and can be accommodated in the main body 11 when not in use. The sensor window 7 is provided on the end face of the sphygmomanometer 9, and the display unit 5 provided in the main body 11 also serves as the display unit of the thermometer 10. Also in this embodiment, the blood pressure, blood flow velocity, pulse, average arterial blood pressure, and pulse can be measured in the same manner as in the first, second, and third embodiments.
[0024]
In this embodiment, since it is united with the thermometer 10, body temperature can be measured in addition to blood pressure. Moreover, since the sphygmomanometer 9 and the thermometer 10 can be stored in the main body 11, they are easy to carry and do not get in the way at home. Therefore, it is convenient for self-care.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, blood pressure can be monitored continuously for 24 hours, and blood flow velocity, pulse, mean arterial blood pressure and pulse can also be measured. Also, it takes less time to measure and is safe. In addition, since it can be carried, blood pressure and the like can be easily measured anywhere. Furthermore, since the measurement result can be transmitted separately, it can be used in telemedicine and elderly / handicapped person care.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a blood pressure monitor according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a blood pressure monitor according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a sensor window in the second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a blood pressure monitor according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a rear view showing a blood pressure monitor according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing another example of the third embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a sphygmomanometer according to a fourth embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pressure gauge 2 Current meter 3 Central processing unit 4 Memory unit 5 Display unit 6 Pen 7 Sensor window 8 Mobile phone 9 Blood pressure monitor 10 Thermometer 11 Body 12 axis

Claims (10)

同一血管内の血流の側圧及び血流の動圧を同時に測り、次式の計算をすることを特徴とする血圧測定方法。
(血圧)=(血流の側圧)+(血流の動圧)
A blood pressure measurement method characterized by simultaneously measuring the lateral pressure of blood flow and the dynamic pressure of blood flow in the same blood vessel and calculating the following equation.
(Blood pressure) = (side pressure of blood flow) + (dynamic pressure of blood flow)
血流の動圧を次式により計算する請求項1に記載の血圧測定方法。
(血流の動圧)=1/2×(血液密度)×(血流の流速)2
The blood pressure measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic pressure of the blood flow is calculated by the following equation.
(Dynamic pressure of blood flow) = 1/2 × (blood density) × (blood flow velocity) 2
血流の側圧を測定する手段と、血流の流速を測定する手段と、次式の計算をする中央処理部とを備えていることを特徴とする血圧計。
(血圧)=(血流の側圧)+1/2×(血液密度)×(血流の流速)2
A sphygmomanometer comprising: means for measuring a lateral pressure of blood flow; means for measuring a flow rate of blood flow; and a central processing unit that calculates the following equation.
(Blood pressure) = (side pressure of blood flow) + 1/2 × (blood density) × (flow rate of blood flow) 2
前記の血流の側圧を測定する手段が、皮膚の血管が通っている箇所にセンサー部を当てることによって測定可能な圧力計である請求項3に記載の血圧計。The sphygmomanometer according to claim 3, wherein the means for measuring the side pressure of the blood flow is a pressure gauge that can be measured by applying a sensor part to a place where a blood vessel of skin passes. 前記の圧力計が、機械式圧力計、電気式圧力計、液柱型圧力計、分銅式圧力計、弾性式圧力計、抵抗式圧力計、半導体圧力計、磁気圧力計、容量式圧力計、誘導式圧力計、圧電式圧力計、表面弾性波圧力計、光電式圧力計、水晶振動型圧力計、及びシリコンダイアフラム圧力計のうちのいずれかである請求項4に記載の血圧計。The pressure gauge is a mechanical pressure gauge, an electric pressure gauge, a liquid column pressure gauge, a weight pressure gauge, an elastic pressure gauge, a resistance pressure gauge, a semiconductor pressure gauge, a magnetic pressure gauge, a capacitive pressure gauge, The sphygmomanometer according to claim 4, wherein the sphygmomanometer is any one of an induction pressure gauge, a piezoelectric pressure gauge, a surface acoustic wave pressure gauge, a photoelectric pressure gauge, a crystal vibration pressure gauge, and a silicon diaphragm pressure gauge. 前記の血流の流速を測定する手段が、皮膚の血管が通っている箇所にセンサー部を当てることによって測定可能な流速計である請求項3〜5のいずれかに記載の血圧計。The sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the means for measuring the flow velocity of the blood flow is a flow meter capable of being measured by applying a sensor unit to a portion where a blood vessel of skin passes. 前記の流速計が、電磁形流速計、渦流流速計、超音波流速計、熱線流速計、熱膜流速計、レーザドップラ流速計、レーザ流速計、オリフィス流速計、及び赤外線流速計のうちのいずれかである請求項6に記載の血圧計。The anemometer is any one of an electromagnetic anemometer, a vortex velocimeter, an ultrasonic velocimeter, a hot wire velocimeter, a hot film velocimeter, a laser Doppler velocimeter, a laser velocimeter, an orifice velocimeter, and an infrared velocimeter. The sphygmomanometer according to claim 6. 心電図、酸素飽和度などの他の生命指標を測定する装置と合体することができる請求項3〜7のいずれかに記載の血圧計。The sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the sphygmomanometer can be combined with an apparatus for measuring other life indicators such as an electrocardiogram and oxygen saturation. さらに、測定結果を記憶するメモリーを備えている請求項3〜8のいずれかに記載の血圧計。The blood pressure monitor according to any one of claims 3 to 8, further comprising a memory for storing a measurement result. さらに、測定結果を送信する手段を備えている請求項3〜9のいずれかに記載の血圧計。Furthermore, the sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 3 to 9, further comprising means for transmitting a measurement result.
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