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JP4438770B2 - Liquid crystal device and electronic device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal device and electronic device Download PDF

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JP4438770B2
JP4438770B2 JP2006157052A JP2006157052A JP4438770B2 JP 4438770 B2 JP4438770 B2 JP 4438770B2 JP 2006157052 A JP2006157052 A JP 2006157052A JP 2006157052 A JP2006157052 A JP 2006157052A JP 4438770 B2 JP4438770 B2 JP 4438770B2
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liquid crystal
condensing
pixel electrode
common electrode
prism sheet
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強 前田
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Seiko Epson Corp
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本発明は液晶装置に係り、特に横電界を利用した液晶装置の構成及びこの液晶装置を用いた電子機器に関する。   The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device, and more particularly to a configuration of a liquid crystal device using a lateral electric field and an electronic apparatus using the liquid crystal device.

現在、ノートパソコンや液晶テレビなどに用いられている液晶装置は、ほとんどがTN(Twisted Nematic)モードである。しかし、このTNモードは観察方向によって異なる見え方がする。この視角特性を改善する方法として、特開昭56−91277号公報や特開平6−160878号公報で横電界を用いたIPS(In Plane Switching)モードが提案されている。   Currently, most liquid crystal devices used in notebook personal computers and liquid crystal televisions are in a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode. However, this TN mode looks different depending on the viewing direction. As a method for improving the viewing angle characteristic, an IPS (In Plane Switching) mode using a lateral electric field has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 56-91277 and 6-160878.

以下にIPSモードの動作原理について簡単に説明する。図4(a)(b)はIPSモードを用いた液晶セル内での液晶の動作を示す断面図で、図4(c)(d)はその正面図である。図4は、TFT(Thin Film Transistor)などのアクティブマトリクス素子を省略した模式図である。この模式図は、図5中のX−X’部分の断面図及び点線で囲まれた部分の拡大図である。図5は1ドットの構成図で、この構成図では1ドット内に共通電極502が2本と画素電極501が1本長手方向に存在するが、これはあくまで模式的な図面であり、1ドット内に数本の共通電極502と数本の画素電極501が存在しても構わない。図4(a)が電圧無印加時の液晶セル断面図で、図4(c)が正面図である。一対の基板402、408のうち、上側基板402内面にはカラーフィルタ403が形成され、下側基板408の内側に線状の共通電極411と画素電極410が形成され、さらに液晶分子405をならべるための配向膜404、406が形成されている。一対の基板402、408間には液晶が挟持されており、液晶分子405は電圧無印加時に線状電極(共通電極411、画素電極410)の長手方向と所定の角度(0度から45度)を有して、均一に平行配向している。図4ではこの角度を30度とした。また、この液晶セルの両側に偏光板401、409を配置している。上側偏光板401は吸収軸414を液晶の配向方向と平行に、下側偏光板409は垂直に配置してある。この状態が黒状態である。液晶材料には誘電異方性が正の材料を用いた。次に、電界415を印加すると、図4(b)(d)に示すように液晶分子405は電界415方向にその長軸を揃えようとするので、液晶分子405は印加電界の強度に対応して偏光板の吸収軸に対してある角度を持つようになる。この印加電界の強度に応じ、液晶セルの複屈折を制御することで、白黒表示を行うことができる。   The operation principle of the IPS mode will be briefly described below. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views showing the operation of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell using the IPS mode, and FIGS. 4C and 4D are front views thereof. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram in which an active matrix element such as a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) is omitted. This schematic diagram is a cross-sectional view of a portion X-X ′ in FIG. 5 and an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a dotted line. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of one dot. In this configuration diagram, there are two common electrodes 502 and one pixel electrode 501 in the longitudinal direction in one dot, but this is a schematic drawing to the last. There may be several common electrodes 502 and several pixel electrodes 501 inside. 4A is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal cell when no voltage is applied, and FIG. 4C is a front view. Of the pair of substrates 402 and 408, a color filter 403 is formed on the inner surface of the upper substrate 402, a linear common electrode 411 and a pixel electrode 410 are formed inside the lower substrate 408, and liquid crystal molecules 405 are arranged. Alignment films 404 and 406 are formed. Liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates 402 and 408, and the liquid crystal molecules 405 are at a predetermined angle (0 to 45 degrees) with the longitudinal direction of the linear electrodes (common electrode 411 and pixel electrode 410) when no voltage is applied. And have a uniform parallel orientation. In FIG. 4, this angle is 30 degrees. Further, polarizing plates 401 and 409 are arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal cell. The upper polarizing plate 401 has the absorption axis 414 parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal, and the lower polarizing plate 409 is arranged vertically. This state is a black state. A material having positive dielectric anisotropy was used as the liquid crystal material. Next, when an electric field 415 is applied, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4D, the liquid crystal molecules 405 attempt to align their long axes in the direction of the electric field 415, so that the liquid crystal molecules 405 correspond to the strength of the applied electric field. Thus, it has an angle with respect to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate. Black and white display can be performed by controlling the birefringence of the liquid crystal cell in accordance with the strength of the applied electric field.

特開昭56−91277号公報JP 56-91277 A 特開平6−160878号公報JP-A-6-160878 特開平6−102506号公報JP-A-6-102506 特開平10−148826号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-148826 特開平11−224058号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-224058 国際公開番号WO97/01788International Publication Number WO97 / 01788 特表平09−506985号公報Japanese Translation of National Publication No. 09-506985 特開平10−319235号公報JP-A-10-319235

ところで、上記公報に記載されているIPSモードを利用した液晶装置は、下側基板の内面に液晶を駆動するためのCr(クロム)などからなる不透明電極(共通電極、画素電極)が存在するため、従来のTNモードを利用した液晶装置より暗いという問題を有している。そこで、バックライト照明光をできるだけ効率的に用いるために、特開平6−102506号公報などで提案されているプリズム構造を有する集光プリズムシート(商品名:BEF−90、米国3M製)が用いられる。   By the way, the liquid crystal device using the IPS mode described in the above publication has an opaque electrode (common electrode, pixel electrode) made of Cr (chromium) or the like for driving the liquid crystal on the inner surface of the lower substrate. The liquid crystal device using the TN mode has a problem that it is darker. Therefore, in order to use the backlight illumination light as efficiently as possible, a condensing prism sheet (trade name: BEF-90, manufactured by 3M USA) proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-102506 is used. It is done.

しかしながら、集光プリズムシートの集光方向と不透明線状電極の長手方向を最適化しないと、集光プリズムシートの効果を最大限発揮させることができない。これは、集光された光が線状電極の長手方向で回折されるためである。   However, the effects of the light collecting prism sheet cannot be maximized unless the light collecting direction of the light collecting prism sheet and the longitudinal direction of the opaque linear electrode are optimized. This is because the collected light is diffracted in the longitudinal direction of the linear electrode.

そこで、本発明はこのプリズム構造を有する集光プリズムシートの集光方向と線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向の最適構成条件を提供し、明るい透過表示を得ることを目的とする。また、この液晶装置を用いた電子機器を提供することを目的とする。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an optimum configuration condition in the light collecting direction of the light collecting prism sheet having this prism structure and the longitudinal direction of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode), and obtains a bright transmissive display. . It is another object of the present invention to provide an electronic device using the liquid crystal device.

上記課題を解決するために本発明が講じた手段は、以下の通りである。   Means taken by the present invention to solve the above problems are as follows.

請求項1記載の液晶装置は、一対の基板間に液晶を挟持してなり、照明装置と、前記照明装置からの光を集光する集光プリズムシートとを有する液晶装置であって、共通電極及び画素電極を有するドットを有し、前記共通電極及び前記画素電極は、前記一対の基板のうちの一方の基板に形成され、前記共通電極と前記画素電極とにより前記液晶に電界が印加されるよう構成されてなり、前記共通電極または前記画素電極は2つの長手方向を有し、前記2つの長手方向と、前記集光プリズムシートの集光方向とがなす角度が90°からずれていることを特徴とする。   The liquid crystal device according to claim 1 is a liquid crystal device having a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates and having an illuminating device and a condensing prism sheet for condensing light from the illuminating device. The common electrode and the pixel electrode are formed on one of the pair of substrates, and an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal by the common electrode and the pixel electrode. The common electrode or the pixel electrode has two longitudinal directions, and an angle formed by the two longitudinal directions and the light collecting direction of the light collecting prism sheet is deviated from 90 °. It is characterized by.

この手段によれば、IPSモードを利用した液晶装置の内部に形成された線状不透明電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向と集光プリズムシートの集光方向が垂直ではないので、線状不透明電極間(共通電極と画素電極の間)を透過する光において、不要な回折現象が生じず、バックライト照明光を効率的に使うことができる。   According to this means, since the longitudinal direction of the linear opaque electrode (common electrode, pixel electrode) formed inside the liquid crystal device using the IPS mode and the condensing direction of the condensing prism sheet are not perpendicular, the linear An unnecessary diffraction phenomenon does not occur in the light transmitted between the opaque electrodes (between the common electrode and the pixel electrode), and the backlight illumination light can be used efficiently.

また、特開平10−148826号公報に提案されているような「く」の字構造をした画素電極及び共通電極においても、2つの長手方向のいずれにも集光プリズムシートの集光方向が垂直にならないようにすることで、バックライト照明光を効率的に使うことができる。   Further, in the pixel electrode and the common electrode having a “<” shape as proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-148826, the light collecting direction of the light collecting prism sheet is perpendicular to both of the two longitudinal directions. By avoiding this, backlight illumination light can be used efficiently.

集光プリズムシートの鋸歯状の面は、特開平11−224058号公報に提案されているような照明装置の導光板側を向いていても良く、また、第2偏光板側を向いていても構わない。   The serrated surface of the condensing prism sheet may face the light guide plate side of the lighting device as proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-224058, or may face the second polarizing plate side. I do not care.

請求項2記載の液晶装置は、前記2つの長手方向と前記集光プリズムシートの集光方向がなす角度をφとしたとき、−30度≦φ≦30度であることを特徴とする。   The liquid crystal device according to claim 2 is characterized in that −30 degrees ≦ φ ≦ 30 degrees, where φ is an angle formed by the two longitudinal directions and the light collecting direction of the light collecting prism sheet.

この手段によれば、線状不透明電極間(共通電極と画素電極の間)を透過する光において、不要な回折現象が生じず、より効率よくバックライト照明光を使うことができる。   According to this means, unnecessary diffraction phenomenon does not occur in the light transmitted between the linear opaque electrodes (between the common electrode and the pixel electrode), and the backlight illumination light can be used more efficiently.

上記手段によれば、線状不透明電極間(共通電極と画素電極の間)を透過する光において、不要な回折現象が生じず、最も効率よくバックライト照明光を使うことができる。   According to the above means, unnecessary diffraction phenomenon does not occur in the light transmitted between the linear opaque electrodes (between the common electrode and the pixel electrode), and the backlight illumination light can be used most efficiently.

また、集光方向が概ね90度異なる集光プリズムシートを2枚重ね合わせた構造においては、いずれかの集光プリズムシートの集光方向を線状不透明電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向に合わせることで、本発明の効果を十分に発揮させることができる。   Further, in the structure in which two condensing prism sheets having different condensing directions are approximately 90 degrees, the condensing direction of any condensing prism sheet is the longitudinal direction of the linear opaque electrode (common electrode, pixel electrode). By adjusting to the above, the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently exhibited.

上記手段によれば、集光プリズムシートによって生じるギラツキ感を光散乱シートによって緩和させることができる。また、照明光の不均一性を改善することができる。   According to the said means, the glare produced by the condensing prism sheet can be relieved by the light scattering sheet. Moreover, the nonuniformity of illumination light can be improved.

上記手段によれば、反射偏光子を挿入することで、照明装置(バックライト)の利用効率をアップさせることができる。なお、反射偏光子には、国際公開番号WO97/01788や特表平09−506985号公報、特開平10−319235号公報などに開示されたものを用いることができる。国際公開番号WO97/01788と特表平09−506985号公報で開示されている反射偏光子(例えば、商品名:DBEF、米国3M製)は、複屈折性の誘電多層膜からなる。また、特開平10−319235号公報で開示されている反射偏光子(例えば、商品名:PCF、日東電工株式会社製)は、コレステリック液晶フィルムと1/4波長板とからなる。   According to the above means, the use efficiency of the illumination device (backlight) can be increased by inserting the reflective polarizer. As the reflective polarizer, those disclosed in International Publication No. WO97 / 01788, JP-A 09-506985, JP-A-10-319235, and the like can be used. A reflective polarizer (for example, trade name: DBEF, manufactured by 3M USA) disclosed in International Publication No. WO97 / 01788 and JP 09-506985 is composed of a birefringent dielectric multilayer film. A reflective polarizer (for example, trade name: PCF, manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) disclosed in JP-A-10-319235 is composed of a cholesteric liquid crystal film and a quarter-wave plate.

反射偏光子と光散乱シートを同時に用いても良く、第2偏光板と光散乱シートの間に反射偏光子を配置するのが好ましい。   The reflective polarizer and the light scattering sheet may be used at the same time, and it is preferable to dispose the reflective polarizer between the second polarizing plate and the light scattering sheet.

請求項3記載の電子機器は、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の液晶装置を搭載したことを特徴とする。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including the liquid crystal device according to any one of the first to third aspects.

この手段によれば、明るく視認性が高い液晶表示を有した電子機器(例えば、パーソナルコンピュータのモニター、テレビなど)を実現することができる。   According to this means, it is possible to realize an electronic device (for example, a monitor of a personal computer, a television, etc.) having a bright and highly visible liquid crystal display.

次に、添付図面を参照して本発明に係る実施形態について説明する。   Next, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(第1実施形態)
図1は本発明に係る液晶装置の第1実施形態の構造を示す概略縦断面図である。2枚の透明ガラス基板104、109の間に液晶層106を挟持した構造をとっている。上側ガラス基板104は内面にクロム(Cr)遮光膜101、赤緑青(RGB)カラーフィルタ102及び配向膜105が順次形成されており、外側には偏光板103が配置されている。下側ガラス基板109は、内側に共通電極111、絶縁層108、画素電極112及び配向膜107が形成されており、外側には偏光板110が配置されている。本実施形態では、位相差板を配置しなかったが、上側ガラス基板104と上側の偏光板103の間に位相差板を配置しても構わない。さらに、下側ガラス基板109と下側の偏光板110の間に位相差板を配置しても構わない。各ドットは下側ガラス基板の平面図となる図5に示されるように、走査信号線503、画像信号線504がマトリクス状にはしっていて、その交点にTFT素子505が形成されている。1ドット内で、共通電極502と画素電極501は絶縁層を介して異なる層に配置されている。図1中の矢印記号113は、電界の方向を示している。液晶層106のギャップを4.5μmとし、液晶材料には屈折率異方性Δn=0.070で誘電率異方性が正のネマティック液晶を用いた。線状の共通電極111と画素電極112の間の距離を10μmとし、両電極の線幅を5μmとした。液晶分子の分子長軸方向が線状電極(共通電極111、画素電極112)の長手方向と30度の角度を有するようにラビング配向処理を施した。上側ガラス基板104の偏光板103は吸収軸を液晶の配向方向と平行に、下側ガラス基板109の偏光板110は垂直に配置してある。この状態が、黒表示状態であり、外部駆動手段からの印加電圧に応じて表示が可能となっている。下側偏光板110の下側にはバックライトが配置されている。このバックライトは、蛍光管117、導光板116、光散乱シート115、集光プリズムシート114などから構成されている。
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a liquid crystal device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal layer 106 is sandwiched between two transparent glass substrates 104 and 109. The upper glass substrate 104 has a chromium (Cr) light-shielding film 101, a red, green, and blue (RGB) color filter 102 and an alignment film 105 formed in order on the inner surface, and a polarizing plate 103 on the outer side. In the lower glass substrate 109, a common electrode 111, an insulating layer 108, a pixel electrode 112, and an alignment film 107 are formed on the inner side, and a polarizing plate 110 is disposed on the outer side. In the present embodiment, the retardation plate is not disposed, but a retardation plate may be disposed between the upper glass substrate 104 and the upper polarizing plate 103. Further, a retardation plate may be disposed between the lower glass substrate 109 and the lower polarizing plate 110. As shown in FIG. 5 which is a plan view of the lower glass substrate, each dot has a matrix of scanning signal lines 503 and image signal lines 504, and TFT elements 505 are formed at the intersections. Within one dot, the common electrode 502 and the pixel electrode 501 are arranged in different layers with an insulating layer interposed therebetween. An arrow symbol 113 in FIG. 1 indicates the direction of the electric field. The gap of the liquid crystal layer 106 was 4.5 μm, and a nematic liquid crystal having a refractive index anisotropy Δn = 0.070 and a positive dielectric anisotropy was used as the liquid crystal material. The distance between the linear common electrode 111 and the pixel electrode 112 was 10 μm, and the line width of both electrodes was 5 μm. The rubbing alignment treatment was performed so that the molecular major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules had an angle of 30 degrees with the longitudinal direction of the linear electrodes (common electrode 111, pixel electrode 112). The polarizing plate 103 of the upper glass substrate 104 has an absorption axis parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal, and the polarizing plate 110 of the lower glass substrate 109 is arranged vertically. This state is a black display state, and display is possible according to the applied voltage from the external drive means. A backlight is disposed below the lower polarizing plate 110. The backlight includes a fluorescent tube 117, a light guide plate 116, a light scattering sheet 115, a condensing prism sheet 114, and the like.

図6は集光プリズムシート114を説明するための概略図である。集光プリズムシートの断面図を図6(a)に、斜め方向から見た集光プリズムシートを図6(b)に示す。図6における記号BBの方向が集光方向で、記号AAがこれに垂直な方向を示している。図6では鋸状構造物のピッチや高さ、頂角が同じであるが、モアレ等を生じににくする目的で、シート内で変化させても構わない。図5における線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向を記号SSで表す。本実施形態では、集光プリズムシートの集光方向BBと線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向SSを平行になるように配置した。このようにすることによって、明るく視認性の高い液晶表示を得ることができた。   FIG. 6 is a schematic view for explaining the condensing prism sheet 114. FIG. 6A shows a cross-sectional view of the condensing prism sheet, and FIG. 6B shows the condensing prism sheet viewed from an oblique direction. The direction of the symbol BB in FIG. 6 is the condensing direction, and the symbol AA indicates the direction perpendicular thereto. In FIG. 6, the pitch, height, and apex angle of the saw-like structure are the same, but may be changed in the sheet for the purpose of making it difficult to generate moire or the like. The longitudinal direction of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode) in FIG. In this embodiment, the condensing direction BB of the condensing prism sheet and the longitudinal direction SS of the linear electrode (common electrode, pixel electrode) are arranged in parallel. By doing so, a bright and highly visible liquid crystal display could be obtained.

(第2実施形態)
第1実施形態と同様な液晶装置において、集光プリズムシートの集光方向と線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向について考察した。
(Second Embodiment)
In the same liquid crystal device as in the first embodiment, the condensing direction of the condensing prism sheet and the longitudinal direction of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode) were considered.

図5に示すように、共通電極または画素電極の長手方向を記号SSで示す。また、図6に示すように、集光プリズムシートの集光方向を記号BBで示す。この線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向SSと集光プリズムシートの集光方向BBがなす角度を図7に示すようにφと定義する。この角度φを変化させたときの液晶装置の透過光強度を調べた。結果を表1にまとめる。   As shown in FIG. 5, the longitudinal direction of the common electrode or the pixel electrode is indicated by the symbol SS. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the light collecting direction of the light collecting prism sheet is indicated by symbol BB. The angle formed by the longitudinal direction SS of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode) and the condensing direction BB of the condensing prism sheet is defined as φ as shown in FIG. The transmitted light intensity of the liquid crystal device when this angle φ was changed was examined. The results are summarized in Table 1.

Figure 0004438770
Figure 0004438770

線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向SSと集光プリズムシートの集光方向BBがなす角度が平行(φ=0°)であるとき最も明るく、垂直(φ=90°)であるとき最も暗いことがわかる。0°≦φ≦30°の範囲のときは、φ=0°の明るさに比べて、約3%以内の明るさ低下に抑えることができることがわかる。さらに、0°≦φ≦10°の範囲のときは、φ=0°の明るさとほぼ同等の明るさを得ることができる。また、実験結果によると、線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向SSと集光プリズムシートの集光方向BBがなす角度を逆側(マイナス)にしても、表1と同じ傾向が得られた。ゆえに、φ=0°の明るさに比べて、約3%以内の明るさ低下に抑えることができるφの範囲は、−30°≦φ≦30°となる。線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向SSと集光プリズムシートの集光方向BBがなす角度をこの範囲にすることによって、明るく視認性の高い液晶表示を実現することができることを確認した。   It is brightest and vertical (φ = 90 °) when the angle formed by the longitudinal direction SS of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode) and the light collecting direction BB of the light collecting prism sheet is parallel (φ = 0 °). Sometimes it is darkest. In the range of 0 ° ≦ φ ≦ 30 °, it can be seen that the brightness can be reduced to about 3% or less compared to the brightness of φ = 0 °. Further, in the range of 0 ° ≦ φ ≦ 10 °, it is possible to obtain a brightness substantially equal to the brightness of φ = 0 °. Further, according to the experimental results, even if the angle formed by the longitudinal direction SS of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode) and the light collecting direction BB of the light collecting prism sheet is opposite (minus), the same tendency as in Table 1 is obtained. Obtained. Therefore, the range of φ that can be suppressed to a decrease in brightness within about 3% compared to the brightness of φ = 0 ° is −30 ° ≦ φ ≦ 30 °. It is confirmed that a bright and highly visible liquid crystal display can be realized by setting the angle formed by the longitudinal direction SS of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode) and the condensing direction BB of the condensing prism sheet within this range. did.

(第3実施形態)
図2は本発明に係る液晶装置の第3実施形態の構造を示す概略縦断面図である。液晶セル201の構造は、第1実施形態で説明したものと同様であるので省略する。この液晶セル201の下側にはバックライトが配置されている。このバックライトは、蛍光管206、導光板205、下側光散乱シート204、集光プリズムシート203、上側光散乱シート202などから構成されている。集光プリズムシートの集光方向BBと線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向SSを平行になるように配置した。このようにすることによって、明るく視認性の高い液晶表示を得ることができた。また、集光プリズムシート203と液晶セル201の間に光散乱シート202を配置することによって、集光プリズムシート203によって生じるギラツキ感を光散乱シート202で緩和させることができた。さらに、光散乱シート202によってバックライト出射光の面内均一性を改善することができた。
(Third embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the third embodiment of the liquid crystal device according to the present invention. Since the structure of the liquid crystal cell 201 is the same as that described in the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted. A backlight is disposed below the liquid crystal cell 201. The backlight includes a fluorescent tube 206, a light guide plate 205, a lower light scattering sheet 204, a condensing prism sheet 203, an upper light scattering sheet 202, and the like. The condensing direction BB of the condensing prism sheet and the longitudinal direction SS of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode) were arranged in parallel. By doing so, a bright and highly visible liquid crystal display could be obtained. Further, by arranging the light scattering sheet 202 between the condensing prism sheet 203 and the liquid crystal cell 201, the light scattering sheet 202 can relieve the glare caused by the condensing prism sheet 203. Furthermore, the in-plane uniformity of the light emitted from the backlight can be improved by the light scattering sheet 202.

(第4実施形態)
図3は本発明に係る液晶装置の第4実施形態の構造を示す概略縦断面図である。液晶セル301の構造は、第1実施形態で説明したものと同様であるので省略する。この液晶セル301の下側にはバックライトが配置されている。このバックライトは、蛍光管307、導光板306、光散乱シート305、下側集光プリズムシート304、上側集光プリズムシート303、反射偏光子302などから構成されている。なお、下側集光プリズムシート304と上側集光プリズムシート303はその集光方向が90度の角度をなしており、上側集光プリズムシート303の集光方向と線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向は概ね平行になるように配置されている。反射偏光子302の透過軸は液晶セル301の下側の偏光板の透過軸と概ね平行に配置した。このようにすることによって、明るく視認性の高い液晶表示を得ることができた。また、集光プリズムシート303と液晶セル301の間に反射偏光子302を配置することによって、バックライトの効率を約35%向上させることができた。
(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment of the liquid crystal device according to the present invention. Since the structure of the liquid crystal cell 301 is the same as that described in the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted. A backlight is disposed below the liquid crystal cell 301. The backlight includes a fluorescent tube 307, a light guide plate 306, a light scattering sheet 305, a lower light collecting prism sheet 304, an upper light collecting prism sheet 303, a reflective polarizer 302, and the like. The condensing direction of the lower condensing prism sheet 304 and the upper condensing prism sheet 303 is 90 degrees, and the condensing direction of the upper condensing prism sheet 303 and linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel) The electrodes are arranged so that their longitudinal directions are substantially parallel. The transmission axis of the reflective polarizer 302 was arranged substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate below the liquid crystal cell 301. By doing so, a bright and highly visible liquid crystal display could be obtained. Further, by arranging the reflective polarizer 302 between the condensing prism sheet 303 and the liquid crystal cell 301, the efficiency of the backlight could be improved by about 35%.

(第5実施形態)
本発明の請求項6記載の電子機器の例を示す。図8は、本発明の液晶装置802を搭載したコンピューター用モニター801である。この電子機器(コンピューター用モニター801)は、明るく視認性が良い液晶装置を搭載しているので、通常、透過型液晶装置の視認性が悪くなる明るい場所(例えば、窓側のオフィス、屋外など)でも、問題なく使用することが可能となる。
(Fifth embodiment)
The example of the electronic device of Claim 6 of this invention is shown. FIG. 8 shows a computer monitor 801 equipped with the liquid crystal device 802 of the present invention. Since this electronic device (computer monitor 801) is equipped with a bright and highly visible liquid crystal device, it is usually in a bright place where the visibility of the transmissive liquid crystal device is deteriorated (for example, an office on the window side or outdoors). It can be used without any problems.

以上説明したように本発明によれば、プリズム構造を有する集光プリズムシートの集光方向と線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向の最適構成条件を提供し、明るい透過表示を得ることができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the optimum configuration conditions in the light collecting direction of the light collecting prism sheet having the prism structure and the longitudinal direction of the linear electrodes (common electrode, pixel electrode) are provided, and a bright transmissive display is obtained. be able to.

本発明に係る液晶装置の第1実施形態の構造を示す概略縦断面図。1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a first embodiment of a liquid crystal device according to the present invention. 本発明に係る液晶装置の第3実施形態の構造を示す概略縦断面図。The schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of 3rd Embodiment of the liquid crystal device which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る液晶装置の第4実施形態の構造を示す概略縦断面図。The schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of 4th Embodiment of the liquid crystal device which concerns on this invention. IPSモードを説明するための図。The figure for demonstrating IPS mode. 1ドットの構成を示す図。The figure which shows the structure of 1 dot. プリズム構造を有する集光プリズムシートの概略図。Schematic of the condensing prism sheet | seat which has a prism structure. 集光プリズムシートの集光方向BBと線状電極(共通電極、画素電極)の長手方向SSのなす角度φを示す図。The figure which shows angle (phi) which the condensing direction BB of a condensing prism sheet | seat and the longitudinal direction SS of a linear electrode (common electrode, pixel electrode) make. 本発明に係る液晶装置を搭載した電子機器の概略図。1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device equipped with a liquid crystal device according to the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

101…遮光膜、102,403…カラーフィルタ、103,110,401,409…偏光板、104,109,402,408…ガラス基板、105,107,404,406…配向膜、106…液晶層、108,407…絶縁層、111,411,502…共通電極、112,410,501…画素電極、113,415…電界、114,203,303,304…集光プリズムシート、115,202,204,305…光散乱シート、116,205,306…導光板、117,206,307…蛍光管、201,301…液晶セル、302…反射偏光子、405…液晶分子、412,504…画像信号線(ソース線)、413…下側偏光板の吸収軸、414…上側偏光板の吸収軸、503…走査信号線(ゲート線)、505…薄膜トランジスタ(TFT素子)、801…モニター、802…本発明の液晶装置、SS…共通電極または画素電極の長手方向、AA…集光プリズムシートの集光方向と垂直な方向、BB…集光プリズムシートの集光方向、φ…集光プリズムシートの集光方向と共通電極または画素電極の長手方向がなす角度。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 ... Light-shielding film, 102, 403 ... Color filter, 103, 110, 401, 409 ... Polarizing plate, 104, 109, 402, 408 ... Glass substrate, 105, 107, 404, 406 ... Alignment film, 106 ... Liquid crystal layer, 108,407 ... insulating layer, 111, 411, 502 ... common electrode, 112, 410, 501 ... pixel electrode, 113, 415 ... electric field, 114, 203, 303, 304 ... condensing prism sheet, 115, 202, 204, 305: Light scattering sheet, 116, 205, 306: Light guide plate, 117, 206, 307: Fluorescent tube, 201, 301: Liquid crystal cell, 302: Reflecting polarizer, 405: Liquid crystal molecule, 412, 504 ... Image signal line ( Source line), 413 ... Absorption axis of lower polarizing plate, 414 ... Absorption axis of upper polarizing plate, 503 ... Scanning signal line (gate line), 505 ... Thin Transistor (TFT element), 801 ... monitor, 802 ... liquid crystal device of the present invention, SS ... longitudinal direction of common electrode or pixel electrode, AA ... direction perpendicular to the condensing direction of the condensing prism sheet, BB ... condensing prism sheet ,..., The angle formed by the condensing direction of the condensing prism sheet and the longitudinal direction of the common electrode or pixel electrode.

Claims (2)

一対の基板間に液晶を挟持してなり、照明装置と、前記照明装置からの光を集光する2枚の集光プリズムシートとを有する液晶装置であって、
共通電極及び画素電極を有するドットを有し、
前記共通電極及び前記画素電極は、前記一対の基板のうちの一方の基板に形成され、前記共通電極と前記画素電極とにより前記液晶に電界が印加されるよう構成されてなり、
前記共通電極または前記画素電極は2つの長手方向を有する「く」の字構造を具備し
前記プリズムシートで集光された光が前記共通電極と前記画素電極との間を透過するよう構成されているとともに、光の回折現象を抑えるように、線状に形成された前記共通電極または前記画素電極の長手方向と、前記2枚の集光プリズムシートのうちの前記一対の基板側の集光プリズムシートの集光方向とがなす角度をφとしたとき、
−30度≦φ≦30度
であることを特徴とする特徴とする液晶装置。
A liquid crystal device having a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates and having an illuminating device and two condensing prism sheets for condensing light from the illuminating device,
Having dots having a common electrode and a pixel electrode;
The common electrode and the pixel electrode are formed on one of the pair of substrates, and an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal by the common electrode and the pixel electrode.
The common electrode or the pixel electrode comprises a shaped structure of "V" to have the two longitudinal,
The light collected by the prism sheet is configured to transmit between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and the common electrode formed in a linear shape or the linear electrode so as to suppress the light diffraction phenomenon When the angle formed by the longitudinal direction of the pixel electrode and the condensing direction of the condensing prism sheet on the pair of substrates of the two condensing prism sheets is φ,
−30 degrees ≦ φ ≦ 30 degrees
The liquid crystal device according to claim, characterized in that it.
請求項1に記載の液晶装置を搭載したことを特徴とする電子機器。   An electronic apparatus comprising the liquid crystal device according to claim 1.
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