JP4495971B2 - ガスタービン群を運転するための方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 15
- 206010016754 Flashback Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940060367 inert ingredients Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
- F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
- F02C9/40—Control of fuel supply specially adapted to the use of a special fuel or a plurality of fuels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
- G01N33/225—Gaseous fuels, e.g. natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
特許文献9からは、燃料の発熱量を測定し、この測定値により燃料質量流を制御することが公知である。
2 吸気
3 圧縮された空気、燃焼空気
4 燃焼室
5 高圧の排気ガス
6 タービン
7 部分的に圧力除去した排気ガス
8 燃焼室
9 再加熱された排気ガス
10 タービン
11 排気
12 軸
13 ジェネレータ
14 調整器
15 調整機構
16 調整機構
17 調整機構
18 調整機構
19 機能ブロック
20 バーナ
21 スワール発生器
22 内部ボディ
23 燃料ガス開口部のグループ
24 燃料ガス供給部
25 燃料ガス開口部のグループ
26 燃料ガス供給部
27 調整機構
28 調整機構
29 機能ブロック
30 バーナ
31 バーナ内部ボディ
32 バーナ外部ハウジング
33 バーナリング状空間
34 燃焼空気伝導ブレード、スワール発生器
35 燃料ガス開口部
36 燃料ガスリング状ライン
37 燃料ガスリング状空間
38 燃料ガス開口部
39 燃料ガスライン
40 調整機構
41 燃料ガスライン
42 調整機構
51 バーナ
52 燃料ガスリング状ライン
61 バーナ
62 バーナ
63 バーナ
64 バーナ
65 バーナ
66 燃料ガスリング状ライン
67 燃料ガスリング状ライン
m’EV 燃料ガス質量流
m’SEV 燃料ガス質量流
m’G 燃料ガス質量流
m’ST 不活性媒体質量流、蒸気質量流
PACT 最大出力
PSET 基準出力
S 燃料ガス特性のための測定装置
XG 燃料ガス特性のための測定信号
Y1 調整値
Y2 調整値
Y3 調整値
YFUEL 燃料量調整値
YEV 調整値
YSEV 調整値
YST 調整値
Claims (12)
- 少なくとも1つの燃料ガス供給部内に、燃料ガス特性を測定するための装置(S)が配設されており、この装置によって測定された少なくとも1つの燃料ガス特性(XG)が、ガスタービン群の調整システムに供給され、この燃料ガス特性に依存して、ガスタービン群の運転に対する調整介入が行なわれ、ガスタービン群のバーナへの燃料ガス供給及び燃料ガス配分及び燃焼空気供給及び水噴射及び蒸気噴射が介入を受ける、燃料ガスが供給されるガスタービン群を運転するための方法において、
燃料ガス特性として、燃料ガスのC2+アルカンの含有量及び/又はウォッベ指数及び/又は熱伝導率が使用され、測定された燃料ガス特性に依存して、シーケンシャルな燃焼を有するガスタービン群の第1の燃焼室(4)と第2の燃焼室(8)との間の燃料ガス配分が変化させられ、C2+アルカン含有量の増加と共に、第2の燃焼室に供給される燃料質量流(m’SEV)が減少させられ、第1の燃焼室に供給される燃料質量流(m’EV)が相応に増加させられることを特徴とする方法。 - 燃料ガス特性を測定するために、少なくとも2つのスペクトル領域内での赤外線吸収が検出され、その際、第1のスペクトル領域内での吸収が、C2+アルカンによって引き起こされ、第2のスペクトル領域内での吸収が、メタンによって引き起こされるように、スペクトル領域が選択されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの第3のスペクトル領域内での赤外線吸収が検出され、その際、吸収が二酸化炭素によって引き起こされるように、第3のスペクトル領域が選択されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- 測定された燃料ガス特性に依存して、予混合バーナの中心の軸方向空気流が変化させられることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 測定された燃料ガス特性に依存して、複数の燃料供給部(23,25,35,38)を有するバーナ内での燃料ガス配分が変化させられることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 測定された燃料ガス特性に依存して、マルチバーナシステム(51;61,62,63,64,65)内での燃料ガス配分が変化させられることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 測定された燃料ガス特性に依存して、燃料ガスへの蒸気の混和が介入を受けることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 測定された燃料ガス特性に依存して、燃焼空気又は燃焼ゾーンへの蒸気又は水の混和が介入を受けることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 測定された燃料ガス特性に依存して、圧縮の前及び/又は圧縮の間の燃焼空気の冷却が作用を受けることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- C2+アルカン濃度に関する燃料ガス特性(XG)が限界値を超過した場合、ガスタービン群の出力が低下させられることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- C2+アルカン濃度に関する燃料ガス特性(XG)が限界値を超過した場合、ガスタービン群の遮断が実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか1つに記載の方法を実施するためのガスタービン群において、
ガスタービン群の少なくとも1つの燃料ガス供給ライン内に、燃料ガス特性(XG)を測定するための測定機器(S)が配設されており、この測定機器が、燃料ガス特性を伝送するために、ガスタービン群の制御及び調整の少なくとも1つの機能ブロック(19)と接続しており、この機能ブロックが、燃料ガス特性から入力値として少なくとも1つの出力値(Y)を構成し、この出力値が、少なくとも1つの調整機構(16,17,18,27,28,40,42)と信号接続していることを特徴とするガスタービン群。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10203102 | 2002-01-25 | ||
CH9912002 | 2002-06-10 | ||
PCT/CH2003/000045 WO2003062618A1 (de) | 2002-01-25 | 2003-01-22 | Verfahren zum betrieb einer gasturbogruppe |
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JP2005515358A JP2005515358A (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
JP4495971B2 true JP4495971B2 (ja) | 2010-07-07 |
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Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7216486B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1472447B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4495971B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100460644C (ja) |
DE (2) | DE50305837D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003062618A1 (ja) |
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2003
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- 2003-01-22 DE DE50305837T patent/DE50305837D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-01-22 CN CNB038027763A patent/CN100460644C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-22 EP EP03731614.8A patent/EP1472447B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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CN100460644C (zh) | 2009-02-11 |
EP1472447A1 (de) | 2004-11-03 |
EP1472447B1 (de) | 2006-11-29 |
DE10302487A1 (de) | 2003-07-31 |
US7216486B2 (en) | 2007-05-15 |
US20050028530A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
DE50305837D1 (de) | 2007-01-11 |
EP1472447B2 (de) | 2018-04-25 |
WO2003062618A1 (de) | 2003-07-31 |
JP2005515358A (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
CN1623031A (zh) | 2005-06-01 |
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