JP4491824B2 - Work propulsion device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is suitable for use in various operations in various places where it is difficult or impossible for a person to step directly, such as paddy fields, fields, swamps, snowy fields, frozen lake surfaces, and the like. The present invention relates to a work propulsion device that can perform work efficiently even at a place.

Conventionally, a so-called hovercraft type is used for a propulsion-type work boat used for various kinds of work in various places with different conditions as described above. A hovercraft-type work boat includes a hull provided with a flexible skirt, a drive source mounted on the hull, a propulsion rotor blade pivotally supported by the drive source, and a propulsion rotor blade. A directional stabilizing plate disposed rearward and a blower blade pivotally supported by the drive source and for sending floating air into the flexible skirt (Patent Document 1).
JP-A-4-257773

  The conventional hovercraft-type work ship described above has a direction stabilizing plate on the hull, so there is a problem that the space on the upper surface of the hull that can be used for work, etc. is restricted. The need for a control system that changes the direction of the rotor blades complicates the mechanism and increases the weight, and also lacks agility in forward / backward conversion and turnaround performance.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is composed of a compact drive drive system such as a rotary blade centered on a drive source, so it has excellent loading capacity, forward and backward, Because it has excellent stopping and turning performance, it has a high work capacity, is easy to control, and can be operated remotely, so that it can protect workers from danger even if the work site is poor. An object of the present invention is to provide a work propulsion device that can be used.

Means of the invention according to claim 1 which is configured to solve the above problems, a substrate formed by providing an air cushion to the underside periphery of the base, a drive source mounted positioned above a substantially central of the base body When driven by the drive source in a substantially vertical position with respect to the substrate, performs forward and backward and stopped the substrate by Rukoto to increase or decrease the pitch angle of the blade to be rotated, also the turning direction of the pitch angle during one rotation Variable pitch main rotor blades that change the direction to the left and right by changing the angle of attack to a negative angle of attack and a negative angle of attack, and arranged laterally to the left and right of the base, and driven by the drive source to A variable pitch type thruster that prevents lateral flow, and a variable pitch type lift fan that is disposed facing the opening of the base and that is floated by the drive source. The variable pitch type main rotor blades, variable pitch type thrusters and variable pitch type lift fans comprise those arranged at the position of the upper substantially central of the substrate adjacent to the driving source.

  The air cushion is preferably inflated by the lift fan.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hull having a flat bottom surface, a drive source mounted at a substantially center of the upper surface of the hull, and the drive in a substantially vertical state with respect to the hull. is driven by a source, performs forward and backward and stop of the hull by Rukoto to increase or decrease the pitch angle of the blade to be rotated, also by changing the angle of attack and negative angle of attack of the pitch angle to the turning direction during one rotation A variable pitch main rotor that changes direction to the left and right, and a variable pitch thruster that is disposed laterally on the left and right of the hull and that is driven by the drive source to prevent lateral flow of the hull, The variable pitch type main rotor blade and the variable pitch type thruster are arranged in the vicinity of the drive source and at a substantially central position on the upper side of the hull.

  The work propulsion device may be operated by remote control.

Since the invention according to the present application is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) is working propulsion apparatus according to claim 1, variable pitch type main rotor blades around the drive source, to aggregate variable pitch type thrusters and variable pitch type lift fan at a position substantially center the center of gravity of the base body Therefore, the main rotor blade, thruster, and lift fan can be driven by a single drive source, and the substrate is excellent in stability because it is located substantially at the center of the substrate.
(2) The work propulsion device according to claim 3 is arranged at a substantially central position where the variable pitch type main rotor blades and the variable pitch type thruster are gathered around the drive source to be the center of gravity of the hull. These main rotor blades and thrusters can be driven by a single drive source, and the hull is excellent in stability because it is located at the approximate center of the hull.
(3) For the same reason as 1 and 2, the work propulsion device has a compact configuration as a whole, and is excellent in the mounting ability of the base and the hull.
(4) variable-pitch type thruster, because positioned substantially at the center as the center of gravity of the base body and the hull, the thruster only can get thrust into just beside direction of the base member and the hull, steering is extremely easy .
(5) The work propulsion device according to claim 1 is capable of performing forward / backward movement, stoppage, direction change, crossflow prevention, and levitation operation by the variable pitch type main rotor blade, thruster and lift fan. Because it is excellent in performance, it has a high work capacity and is easy to control.
(6) The work propulsion device according to claim 3 is excellent in functionality because the variable pitch type main rotor blades and thrusters can perform forward / backward movement, stoppage, direction change and crossflow prevention operations. Therefore, it has a high work capacity and is easy to control.
(7) Since the work propulsion device according to claim 3 is configured as a hull having a flat bottom surface, it can move forward in various places such as paddy fields, fields, swamps, snow fields, frozen lake surfaces, flat land, etc. Since it is possible to reverse, stop, and change the direction of the left and right, the workability is excellent.
(8) Since the work propulsion device can be operated by remote control, the worker can work safely even when the work site is poor.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 11 show a first embodiment. In the figure, 1 is a base constituting the work propulsion device, 2 is a flat base formed from fiber reinforced plastic, constituting the base 1, and the base 2 has a curved front end 2A. The end side 2B is formed in a substantially linear shape, and a frame body 3 projects from the lower surface 2C along the outer edge. Reference numeral 4 is a support body provided upright in the approximate center of the base 2 and provided with a streamline cover, and 5 is a circular opening formed on the base 2 at the front side of the support body 4 and opened to the lower surface 2C. The opening 5 is provided with an annular guard ring 5A. Reference numeral 6 denotes an air cushion provided on the entire periphery of the base 2 from the frame 3 to the lower surface 2C. The air cushion 6 is formed of a strong soft material such as rubber or soft synthetic resin into a semicircular tube shape. It consists of things. 7 and 7 are air guide plates provided symmetrically on the lower surface 2C of the base 2, and each air guide plate 7 is disposed from the opening 5 to the inside of the air cushion 6 to introduce air into the air cushion. The cushion 6 is inflated.

  Next, the drive system of the work propulsion device will be described. Reference numeral 8 denotes a drive source composed of an air-cooled reciprocating engine mounted on the support 4, and a speed reduction mechanism 9 is provided in front of the drive source 8. Reference numeral 10 denotes a main rotor blade for moving the base body 1 forward, backward, stop, and left and right, and the main rotor blade 10 has four blade root attachment portions connected to the output shaft 9A of the speed reduction mechanism 9. 10A is constituted by four blades 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E substantially perpendicular to the base 2, and each blade 10B, 10C,... Is pitched by the variable pitch mechanism 11. The angle can be increased or decreased freely.

Here, the variable pitch mechanism 11 is connected to the lower link 11A, the swash plate 11B connected to the lower link 11A, the upper link 11C connected to the swash plate 11B, and the upper link 11C and the blade root mounting portion 10A. The pitch horn 11D is generally configured, and this configuration is basically the same as a known variable pitch mechanism used in a helicopter. The lower link 11A is pin-coupled to a control unit 12 having a servo motor. By operating the variable pitch mechanism 11 by the control unit 12, the pitch angle of each blade 10B, 10C,. It is. And this control part 12 is comprised so that remote operation by radio | wireless is possible.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a rotation transmission shaft connected to the speed reduction mechanism 9 via a gear group 14 including a bevel gear. The rotation transmission shaft 15 is provided substantially vertically toward the opening 5 of the base 2, and 15 and 15 are connected to the rotation transmission shaft 13. A pair of thrusters provided laterally on the left and right sides of the base body 1 by being connected via a bevel gear 16 are shown. Each thruster 15 prevents lateral flow of the base 1, and is composed of four blades 15A, 15B,..., And each blade 15A, 15B,. 17, the pitch angle can be increased or decreased.

  Further, in FIG. 6, reference numeral 18 denotes a lift fan for levitating the base 1. The lift fan 18 is constituted by four flades 18A, 18B,... And is provided in the lower end of the rotation transmission shaft 13 so as to be located in the guard ring 5A of the opening 5. The pitch angle can be increased or decreased by a variable pitch mechanism 19 controlled by the control unit 12.

  The present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. First, when the base body 1 is lifted and moved forward, the lift fan 18 provided with a pitch angle of the angle of attack in the flying direction is rotated to blow air downward from the base body 1 to generate lift (FIG. 5). Further, a part of the air is introduced into the air cushion 6 by the air guide plates 7 and 7 and the air cushion 6 is inflated to prevent the escape of air and to efficiently lift the base 1. .

Then, when advancing the base body 1, as main rotor 10 rotates in the clockwise direction (see FIG. 5), the blade 10B is the front edge 10B ₁ the rear edge 10B ₂ of main rotor 10 as shown in FIG. 7 The angle of attack is set in the forward direction in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the other blades 10C, 10D, and 10E are also set at the same angle of attack. The thrust of is given.

  On the other hand, when the base 1 is retracted in the direction indicated by the arrow B, the blades 10B, 10C,... Are set at a pitch angle inclined in the direction opposite to that shown in FIG. Thereby, it is possible to apply a thrust to the base body 1 in the backward direction indicated by the arrow B.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the operation when the base 1 is turned to the left. In the figure, the variable pitch mechanism 11, a blade 10C of the forward wing to the right of the blade 10B which is in the vertical state of the main rotor 10, before advancement of Ya示I direction edges 10C ₁ is relative to the trailing edge 10C ₂ The pitch angle is an angle of attack in the direction, and thrust is applied to the right side portion of the base 1. On the other hand, the blade 10E of the swept wing on the left side of the blade 10B has a negative angle of attack (opposite to the blade 10C) with respect to the forward direction, and as a result, thrust is applied to the rear left side of the base body 1. The base body 1 can turn leftward with respect to the forward direction indicated by the arrow B. Each blade 10B, 10C,... Periodically changes pitches on the right and left sides in a vertical state during one rotation. In general, the precession motion of the gyro is generated in the blade rotating at high speed, and the flight becomes unstable. In this embodiment, the rotational speed of the main rotor blade 10 is 2000 / min or less, and the blades 10B and 10C. By using a carbon fiber reinforced plastic as a material to reduce the weight, the influence of the precession movement is minimized so that the operation of the base body 1 is not hindered.

On the other hand, FIG. 10 shows an operation when the base body 1 turns to the right. Each blade 10B, 10C, · · is activated when the left turn and opposite, the blade 10E forward wing on the left side of the blade 10B which is in a vertical state in the figure, the front edge 10E ₁ is the trailing edge 10E ₂ On the other hand, since the angle of attack is the angle of attack in the forward direction of the arrow direction, thrust acts on the left side portion of the base 1. In contrast, since the front blade 10C of the right is swept wing blades 10B are edge 10C ₁ is in the negative angle of attack with respect to the forward direction, the result exerting thrust on the right rear side of the substrate 1, the substrate 1 is right Can turn in the direction. As described above, the blades 10B, 10C,... Periodically change pitches on the right and left sides in a vertical state during one rotation. Further, when the hovering state in which the base 1 is stopped is set, the pitch angle of each blade 10B, 10C,.

  Next, the operation of the thrusters 15 and 15 will be described with reference to FIG. The thrusters 15 and 15 are for preventing the base body 1 from flowing laterally due to a cross wind or the like. The variable pitch mechanism 17 can increase or decrease the pitch angle from 0 to a predetermined angle. In the figure, the right thruster 15 is symmetrical with the left thruster 15 and is omitted in order to avoid complication of the figure. FIG. 11A shows a state in which there is no cross wind with respect to the base 1 and the pitch angle is 0 degree. When the cross wind is received from the right direction, as shown in FIG. 11-B, the pitch angle is set to the thruster 15 so as to generate the thrust in the right direction, and the thrust is applied to the right direction of the base 1 to generate the force of the cross wind. Counteract. On the other hand, when the cross wind is received from the left direction, as shown in FIG. 11-C, the thrust is applied to the left direction of the base 1 by setting the pitch angle of the thruster 15 opposite to that of FIG. 11-B. To cancel the crosswind force from the left. Thus, by operating the thrusters 15, 15, the base body 1 can maintain straightness, and can change direction quickly in cooperation with the main rotor blade 10.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a cowling that surrounds the outer periphery of the main rotor blade 10. The cowling 20 is supported by a support 4 and three support arms 4A, 4A, 4A protruding from the support 4.

  As described above in detail, the main rotor blade 10 is moved from the variable pitch mechanism 11, the pair of thrusters 15, 15 is moved from the variable pitch mechanism 17, and the lift fan 18 is moved from 0 to a predetermined angle by the variable pitch mechanism 19. Since it can be increased or decreased, it is possible to easily and quickly perform forward / backward movement, stoppage, left / right direction change, crossflow prevention, and levitation operation, and it is excellent in workability.

  Next, a working propulsion device according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, in this Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and used for the component same as the component of 1st Embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a hull. The hull 21 is composed of a substantially flat top plate 22 forming an upper surface, a substantially flat bottom plate 23 forming a bottom surface, and a side plate 24. The side 21B is formed in a substantially linear shape, and the front side 23A of the bottom plate 23 is raised in a curved shape to reduce the propulsion resistance.

  The drive system in the present embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment in that the drive system is composed of a drive source 8, a speed reduction mechanism 9, a main rotor blade 10, a rotation transmission shaft 13, and a pair of thrusters 15 and 15. is there. However, the lower end of the rotation transmission shaft 13 is supported by a bearing 25 provided on the upper plate 22 of the hull 21 without providing the lift fan 18 of the first embodiment, and prevents the rotation transmission shaft 13 from swinging. ing.

  The present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the hull 21 performs forward / backward movement, stop, and left / right turning operations by the main rotor blade 10, and the horizontal flow of the hull 21 is prevented by a pair of left and right lateral clusters 15, 15. This is the same as in the first embodiment. However, the work propulsion device according to the present embodiment is configured in the hull 21 of the flat bottom plate 23, so that the work propulsion device is not limited to work on the water, but smooth on paddy fields, swamps, snow fields, frozen lake surfaces, flat land, etc. It is possible to perform a work equivalent to that of a floating type propulsion device.

1 to 11 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view of a working propulsion device. It is a left view of a working propulsion device. It is a top view which shows a part of work propulsion apparatus by fracture | rupture. It is a bottom view of the work propulsion device. It is a VV arrow direction sectional view in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the drive system of the work propulsion apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the action | operation of the main rotary blade at the time of advance. It is explanatory drawing which shows the action | operation of the main rotary blade at the time of reverse. It is explanatory drawing which shows the action | operation of the main rotary blade at the time of left turn in a plane. It is explanatory drawing which shows the action | operation of the main rotary blade at the time of right turn in a plane. FIG. 11 shows each operation of the thruster, and FIG. 11-A is an explanatory view showing a case where the thrust is zero. It is explanatory drawing which a thruster provides the thrust of the right direction to a base | substrate. It is explanatory drawing which a thruster provides the thrust of the left direction to a base | substrate. 12 to 16 relate to the second embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a front view of the working propulsion device. It is a left view of a working propulsion device. It is a top view which shows a part of work propulsion apparatus by fracture | rupture. It is a bottom view of the work propulsion device. It is explanatory drawing which shows the drive system of the work propulsion apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base body 2 Base 2C Lower surface 5 Opening part 6 Air cushion 8 Drive source 10 Main rotary blade 11 Variable pitch mechanism 15 Thruster 17 Variable pitch mechanism 18 Lift fan 19 Variable pitch mechanism 21 Hull 23 Bottom plate

Claims (4)

A base body having an air cushion provided on the outer periphery of the lower surface of the base, a drive source mounted at a position approximately at the upper center of the base body, and a blade driven and rotated by the drive source in a substantially vertical state with respect to the base body changing directions to the left and right by changing the angle of attack and negative angle of attack of the pitch angle to the pivoting direction between performs forward and backward and stop of the base, also for one rotation by Rukoto increase or decrease the pitch angle of the A variable-pitch main rotor blade, a variable-pitch thruster that is disposed laterally to the left and right of the base, and that prevents lateral flow of the base by being driven by the drive source, and faces the opening of the base And a variable pitch lift fan that floats the base by being driven by the drive source, the variable pitch main rotor, variable pitch thruster, and variable pitch type Futofan working propulsion device, characterized in that in proximity to the drive source are arranged on the upper side a substantially central position of said substrate.   2. The work propulsion device according to claim 1, wherein the air cushion is inflated by the lift fan. A hull with a flat bottom surface, a drive source mounted on the upper center of the hull, and a pitch angle of a rotating blade driven by the drive source in a substantially vertical state with respect to the hull . Variable pitch type main rotor blades that move forward and backward and stop by changing the pitch angle between the angle of attack in the turning direction and a negative angle of attack during one revolution. And a variable pitch type thruster that is disposed laterally on the left and right of the hull and that prevents lateral flow of the hull by being driven by the drive source, and the variable pitch type main rotor and the variable pitch type thruster are A work propulsion device, which is disposed in the vicinity of a drive source at a position approximately in the upper center of the hull. The work propulsion apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the work propulsion apparatus is operated by remote control.

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