JP4475223B2 - Automatic analyzer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic analyzer capable of automatically analyzing a plurality of items on a sample collected from a subject.

  There is an automatic analyzer as a device that analyzes a sample such as blood or urine collected from a patient and provides data for a doctor's diagnosis. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-232123 discloses a device that measures a plurality of types of samples for one patient set in a rack to which a patient ID number is assigned, and applies a logical check by combining measurement data of a plurality of items. An automatic analyzer that separates and detects abnormalities of patients and abnormalities of patients is described. In JP 2000-258430 A, a plurality of samples each having a sample ID are held in a sample rack having a rack ID, and the sample ID and the rack ID are read, and each rack corresponds to the requested analysis item. An automatic analyzer is described in which a sample sample and a reagent are dispensed into a reaction container and measured by being transported to the analysis module. JP-T-2002-503346 discloses an analysis system using a system reagent carrier including a plurality of chambers or cuvettes.

JP-A-5-232123 JP 2000-258430 A JP-T-2002-503346

  The automatic analyzer described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-232123 performs analysis by feeding and mixing a reagent prepared in advance in a cold storage chamber to a sample set on a reaction disk by a dispenser. This reagent must be prepared in a cool box, and if a large number of items are to be analyzed, a large cool box is required and the apparatus becomes large. The automatic analyzer described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-258430 does not analyze a plurality of items using a plurality of types of samples collected from one patient. JP-T-2002-503346 discloses a system reagent carrier including a plurality of chambers or cuvettes, but does not describe details of an analysis method using the system reagent carrier.

  An object of this invention is to provide the automatic analyzer which can analyze many analysis items reliably by simple operation.

  The automatic analyzer according to the present invention moves along an arcuate path, and is different from one probe that performs aspiration / discharge of a sample or a reagent and aspiration / discharge of a cleaning liquid, and is arranged on the movement path of the probe. A plurality of sample containers for storing specimen samples, a plurality of cleaning liquid containers for storing different cleaning liquids, and a rotor capable of rotating while holding a plurality of reagent cartridges are provided. A plurality of types of reagent cartridges are prepared for each analysis item, and each reagent cartridge has a photometric cuvette that is empty when not in use and a reagent cuvette in which a reagent used in the analysis item is sealed. A two-dimensional code storing information such as the type of specimen to be analyzed by the reagent cartridge, the analysis conditions, the type of cleaning liquid to be used, and the like is affixed. The information of the two-dimensional code attached to each reagent cartridge is read by rotating the rotor and passing the reagent cartridge through a fixed reading unit, and the read information is stored in the storage unit.

  Based on the information read from the reagent cartridge, the device controller identifies the sample container containing the necessary sample for each reagent cartridge, moves the probe to that sample container, and then sucks the sample. The probe is moved onto the rotor, and the sucked sample is discharged into the photometric cuvette of the reagent cartridge. Further, the reagent is aspirated by the probe from the reagent cuvette of the reagent cartridge and discharged into the photometric cuvette. Aspiration and ejection of these samples and aspiration and ejection of reagents are performed by a single probe by controlling the position of the probe and the position of the reagent cuvette with respect to the probe in synchronization. Measurement of the sample mixed with the reagent in the photometric cuvette is performed by rotating the rotor and positioning the reagent cartridge on the optical path of the optical measuring unit.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform specimen sample aspiration / discharge and reagent aspiration / discharge simply by rotating position control and raising / lowering control of one probe, and rotation control of a rotor holding a reagent cartridge, and the drive mechanism is simplified. And miniaturization can be achieved. In addition, automatic analysis can be performed simply by setting the required specimen on the device and setting the reagent cartridge corresponding to the required analysis item on the rotor. The risk of failure can be eliminated.

Embodiments of an automatic analyzer according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a reagent cartridge used in the automatic analyzer of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the reagent cartridge as viewed from the direction of FIG.

  The reagent cartridge 101 is made of, for example, polypropylene. In the illustrated example, the reagent cartridge 101 includes one photometric cuvette and three reagent cuvettes. Reference numeral 102 denotes a photometric cuvette. 103 is a first reagent cuvette, 104 is a second reagent cuvette, and 105 is a third reagent cuvette. The reagent cartridge 101 of this embodiment includes up to the third cuvette. However, as another embodiment, the second cuvette may be integrated with the second cuvette to form a new second cuvette. The photometric cuvette 102 is empty before analysis, and after the sample and the reagent are injected and stirred by the automatic analyzer, analysis is performed by the photometric unit.

  When one kind of reagent is required for the analysis, the same reagent enters the first reagent cuvette 103 and the second reagent cuvette. Further, when two types of reagents are required, the respective reagents enter the first reagent cuvette 103 and the second reagent cuvette 104. When three types of reagents are required, the respective reagents are placed in the first reagent cuvette 103, the second reagent cuvette 104, and the third reagent cuvette 105.

  In the reagent cartridge 101, a reagent necessary for an inspection item by the reagent cartridge is injected into each reagent cuvette in advance, and the photometric cuvette 102 is empty and sealed with the entire upper surface sealed. Inspection items that can be inspected with the reagent cartridge are printed on the seal. For example, “TP” is printed on the seal of the reagent cartridge for total protein analysis, “GLU” is printed on the seal of the reagent cartridge for glucose analysis, and “UA” is printed on the seal of the reagent cartridge for uric acid analysis. Furthermore, the seal is color-marked corresponding to the specimen type required for analysis. For example, the seal for reagent cartridges that use serum as a sample is yellow, the seal for reagent cartridges that use urine is green, the seal for reagent cartridges that use whole blood is red, and the seal for reagent cartridges that require other specimens Is marked in blue. Such color coding makes it easy for the user to prepare a specimen sample necessary for analysis.

  Further, a seal 107 printed with a dot code (two-dimensional code) as illustrated in FIG. 2 is attached to the panel 106 at the rear of the reagent cartridge. The dot code seal 107 stores the following information encoded at predetermined positions. (1) Date of manufacture and expiration date, (2) Serial number, (3) Specimen type required as sample, (4) Required amount and dispensing timing of sample, (5) Required amount and amount of first reagent Injection timing, (6) Necessary amount and dispensing timing of the second reagent, (7) Necessary amount and dispensing timing of the third reagent, (8) Metering method, (9) Metering timing, (10) Main wavelength of metering / Subwavelength, (11) Absorbance to concentration conversion formula, (12) Cleaning solution used for cleaning. These pieces of information are read by a dot code reading unit inside the automatic analyzer, and are also stored in a RAM inside the automatic analyzer.

  The reagent cartridge 101 whose upper surface is sealed with a seal is stored in a refrigerator before being used for analysis. The reagent cartridge is disposable, and after the analysis is completed, the cartridge containing the solution is removed from the automatic analyzer by the user and discarded.

  Hereinafter, the automatic analyzer according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the automatic analyzer according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view.

  The automatic analyzer is connected to a commercial power supply, and the automatic analyzer is turned on by turning on a power switch (not shown).

  The main control unit 10 controls the operation of the entire automatic analyzer. The main control unit is mainly composed of a CPU, a ROM, and a real time clock. Further, a RAM 33 is connected as a temporary storage memory referred to by the main control unit 10.

  Inside the thermostatic chamber 15, a rotor 16 serving as a carrier for the reagent cartridge 101 is provided. A heater is attached to the thermostat 15, and the temperature of the air inside the thermostat 15 is kept at 37 ° C. by the thermostat controller 14. The rotor 16 can be rotated under the control of the step motor 11, and a maximum of 40 reagent cartridges can be mounted in the circumferential direction. Each reagent cartridge is installed in the rotor 16 so that the rear panel 106 to which the dot code seal 107 is attached faces the outer peripheral side.

  The arm 18 is moved up and down by the vertical movement control step motor 13 and can be rotated in the horizontal plane by the rotation control step motor 12. A probe 19 extending vertically downward is attached to the tip of the arm 18. The probe 19 mainly sucks and discharges the sample and the cleaning liquid. The tip of the probe 19 has an acute angle like an injection needle so as to be able to penetrate the photometric cuvette 102 and the reagent cuvettes 103, 104, and 105 of the reagent cartridge 101. A heater (not shown) is attached to the probe 19 and is kept at 37 ° C. by the arm controller 17. Furthermore, the probe 19 is also used for liquid level detection, and the arm control unit 17 detects the liquid level by detecting a change in capacitance between the probe 19 and the ground potential. This function is used to check the amount of sample and cleaning liquid. When the arm control unit 10 detects the liquid level of the sample or the cleaning liquid when the probe 19 is lowered, a detection signal is sent to the main control unit 10. A housing 20 serves as a home position for the probe 19.

  Reference numerals 21a to 21d denote sample containers, which are arranged on a circumference 40 whose radius is the horizontal distance from the arm rotation axis to the probe 19. Position information for the main controller 10 to identify is assigned to each of the sample containers 21a to 21d, and the position information of the container containing the sample required by the reagent cartridge is stored in the dot code. The sample containers 21a to 21d are marked in the same color as the seal of the reagent cartridge indicating the necessary specimen type. As an example, 21a is a sample container for serum or plasma and marked in yellow, 21b is a sample container for whole blood and marked in red, 21c is a sample container for urine and marked in green, 21d is another sample It is a sample container for classification and is marked in blue. Each of the sample containers 21a to 21d can be detached from the automatic analyzer, and the same color marking as that of the sample container is provided on the side where the sample container is arranged, so that the user does not mistake the arrangement of the sample container. ing.

  Reference numerals 22a to 22d denote cleaning liquid containers, which are disposed on a circumference 40 having a horizontal distance from the arm rotation axis to the probe 19 as a radius. Position information for identification by the main controller 10 is assigned to each of the sample containers 22a to 22d. When the reagent cartridge needs to be cleaned with the cleaning liquid, the position information of the cleaning liquid container is stored in the dot code. Similarly, the cleaning liquid containers 22a to 22d are color-marked corresponding to the cleaning liquid. As an example, 22a is a container for alkaline cleaning liquid and marked in blue, 22b is a container for neutral cleaning liquid and marked in yellow, 22c is a container for acidic cleaning liquid and marked in red, 22d is reserved and is not color-marked . Each of the cleaning liquid containers 22a to 22d can be removed from the automatic analyzer, and the same color marking as that of the cleaning liquid container is provided on the side where the cleaning liquid container is disposed, so that the user does not mistake the layout of the cleaning liquid container. ing.

  44 is a suction portion for the first reagent, and is located at a contact point between a circumference 41 passing through the center of the first reagent cuvette of each reagent cartridge and a circumference 40 having a radius from the arm rotation axis to the probe 19 as a horizontal distance. . When the first reagent contained in the first reagent cuvette of the reagent cartridge is aspirated by the probe 19, the rotor 16 is rotated before the reagent aspiration, and the center of the first reagent cuvette of the target reagent cartridge is aspirated by the aspiration unit 44. To match.

  Reference numeral 45 denotes a suction / discharge portion for the photometric cuvette 102 of the reagent cartridge 101, and a circumference 42 passing through the center of the photometric cuvette 102 of each reagent cartridge and a circumference 40 having a horizontal distance from the arm rotation axis to the probe 19 as a radius. At the intersection with. When a sample or a reagent is discharged from the probe 19 or sucked into the photometric cuvette 102 of the reagent cartridge 101, the rotor 16 is rotated before the suction / discharge to rotate the photometric cuvette 102 of the target reagent cartridge 101. Align the center with the suction / discharge unit 45.

  46 is a suction part for the second reagent and the third reagent, and the circumference 43 passing through the centers of the second reagent cuvette 104 and the third reagent cuvette 105 of each reagent cartridge 101 and the distance from the arm rotation axis to the probe 19 are set. It is at the intersection with the circumference 40 as the radius. When the second reagent contained in the second reagent cuvette of the reagent cartridge is aspirated by the probe 19, the rotor 16 is rotated before the reagent aspiration, and the center of the second reagent cuvette 104 of the target reagent cartridge is aspirated. Set to 46. Further, when the third reagent contained in the third reagent cuvette of the reagent cartridge is aspirated by the probe 19, the center of the third reagent cuvette 105 of the target reagent cartridge is rotated by rotating the rotor 16 before the reagent aspiration. Match to the suction part 46.

  The thermostatic chamber 15, the rotor 16, the arm 18, the probe 19, the housing 20, the sample containers 21a to 21d, and the cleaning liquid containers 22a to 22d are covered with an openable / closable lid (not shown). The heat insulating material attached to the lid covers the upper part of the thermostat 15 and has an effect of keeping the air temperature inside the thermostat 15 constant. A lid open detection switch and a lid lock mechanism (not shown) are attached in the vicinity of the lid. When the lid is opened, the lid open detection switch is turned ON, and a detection signal is sent to the main control unit 10. Further, the lid lock mechanism is activated by the control from the main control unit 10 to lock the lid. The lid is always locked during the analysis operation.

  The cleaning station 23 is a place where the inside and outside of the probe 19 are cleaned. In cleaning with purified water, purified water is jetted from the inner wall of the cleaning station 23 by driving the pump unit 25 to clean the outside of the probe, and purified water is driven from the inside of the probe 19 by driving the suction / discharge unit 24 and the pump unit 25. Discharge to clean the inside of the probe. When cleaning with a cleaning liquid, the cleaning liquid sucked by the cleaning liquid containers 22a to 22d by the probe 19 is discharged in the cleaning station. The waste liquid used for washing is discharged outside the automatic analyzer.

  The suction / discharge unit 24 performs suction and discharge of a sample, a reagent, a cleaning liquid, and the like under the control of the main control unit 10. Further, in conjunction with the pump unit 25, cleaning with purified water inside the probe 19 is performed. The water tank 26 stores purified water necessary for probe cleaning. A water level drop detection switch (not shown) is attached to the water tank 26, and sends a detection signal to the main control unit 10 when purified water is below a predetermined amount.

  The light source unit 27, the optical system unit 28, and the light detection unit 29 are components of the spectrophotometer, and are used to perform absorbance measurement on the photometric cuvette of the reagent cartridge. The light source unit 27 includes a halogen lamp. The halogen lamp is always lit after the startup check process of the automatic analyzer.

  The optical system unit 28 includes a rotary wavelength selection filter, a lens, and a slit. The rotary wavelength selection filter has a circular interference filter for 12 wavelengths. A desired interference filter can be disposed on the optical axis 47 by rotating the rotary wavelength selection filter by the main controller 10. The wavelengths that can be selected by the rotary wavelength selection filter are, for example, 340 nm, 380 nm, 405 nm, 450 nm, 480 nm, 508 nm, 546 nm, 576 nm, 600 nm, 660 nm, 700 nm, and 800 nm.

  The light detection unit 29 includes a photodiode and an amplifier. The light detection unit 29 is disposed on the optical axis 47 below the rotor 16. The amount of light detected by the photodiode is output as a voltage and amplified by an amplifier. The amplified analog voltage value is converted into digital data by the A / D converter 30 and taken into the main control unit 10.

  A dot code reading unit 31 optically reads a dot code attached to the panel 106 of the reagent cartridge, which is arranged perpendicular to the optical axis 48. The read data is sent to the main control unit 10.

  Reference numeral 32 denotes a display / operation unit. The display / operation unit 32 includes a touch panel LCD, a START button, and a STOP button. The touch panel LCD displays messages and analysis results to the user, and the user can select a process by pressing a predetermined position on the panel. The START button is used to start the analysis operation. The STOP button is used to interrupt the analysis operation.

  A storage unit 34 stores the analysis result together with the patient ID and the analysis date and time. The storage unit 34 can store past analysis results. The data stored in the storage unit 34 is saved even when the automatic analyzer is turned off.

  An external printer 35 is connected to the automatic analyzer via a standard interface. The external printer 35 is an option and is used when printing out analysis results.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control system of the automatic analyzer shown in FIGS. The main CPU 201 in the figure is provided in the main control unit 10. Further, the reaction chamber heater CPU 202 is provided in the thermostatic chamber control unit 14, and the probe heater CPU 203 is provided in the arm control unit 17.

Hereinafter, the operation flow of the automatic analyzer of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
When the power switch is turned on, the startup check process starts. In the start-up check process, the main control unit 10 first checks that the lid is closed by the lid open detection switch (S11). After confirming that the lid is closed, the main controller 10 further controls the lid lock mechanism to lock the lid. Next, the main control unit 10 checks whether each step motor can be normally controlled (S12).

  Subsequently, the probe 19 is washed with purified water, but before that, a check is made to confirm that the amount of purified water in the water tank 26 is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount by a water amount drop detection switch. In cleaning the probe 19, the main control unit 10 moves the tip of the probe 19 to the inside of the cleaning station 23, and then controls the pump unit 25 to eject water from the outer wall of the cleaning station 23 to clean the outside of the probe 19. To do. At the same time, the inside of the probe 19 is cleaned by controlling the pump unit 25 and the suction / discharge unit 24 to discharge water from the inside of the probe 19 (S13).

  Next, the probe 19 is cleaned with three types of cleaning liquids, but before that, the amount of each cleaning liquid is checked. That is, the amount of liquid is calculated from the height at which the probe 19 detects the liquid level of the cleaning liquid, and it is confirmed that the amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount. Thereafter, a predetermined amount of cleaning liquid is sucked into the probe 19 to clean the inside and outside of the probe. Thereafter, the probe 19 is moved to the cleaning station 23 and the cleaning liquid is discharged. Thereafter, the inside and outside of the probe 19 are washed with purified water at the washing station 23. The above is performed for each cleaning solution (S14).

  Finally, the halogen lamp is turned on, and the light detection unit 29 checks that the amount of light when the 340 nm interference filter is set on the optical axis is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (S15).

  This completes the startup check process, and the analysis preparation as an automatic analyzer ends. Next, preparation for analysis by the user will be described.

  First, the user takes out the reagent cartridge 101 corresponding to the analysis item from the refrigerator and sets it in the rotor 16 of the automatic analyzer (S21). The position on the rotor 16 where the reagent cartridge 101 is set is arbitrary.

  Next, a sample (serum, plasma, whole blood, urine, etc.) necessary for patient analysis is judged from the seal colors of all the reagent cartridges mounted on the rotor 16, and the sample is injected into the sample container (S22). The sample container is set in the automatic analyzer (S23). Finally, the user inputs the patient ID from the display / analysis unit 32 (S24).

  This completes the preparation for analysis by the user. Here, when the START button on the display / operation unit is pressed, the analysis is started. Hereinafter, the analysis sequence will be described.

  First, the main control unit 10 rotates the rotor 16 under the control of the step motor 11, arranges each reagent cartridge in order on the optical axis 48, and reads the dot code of the reagent cartridge by the dot code reading unit 31 (S16). . Information in the read dot code is stored in the RAM 33. Among the dot code information stored in the RAM 33, if the above (2) serial number matches the serial number of the reagent cartridge analyzed in the past stored in the storage unit 34, it is an analyzed reagent cartridge, so the cartridge A message requesting the retrieval is displayed on the display / operation unit 32, and the analysis execution is terminated. Even if an unanalyzed reagent cartridge is determined that the expiration date of the reagent cartridge has expired from the above (1) information on the date of manufacture and the expiration date stored in the RAM 33, an error message is similarly displayed. Displayed on the display / operation unit 32 and the analysis execution ends.

  When the scan of the reagent cartridge 101 is completed, a sample necessary for one analysis operation can be specified, and then the sample amount is checked. The sample amount is calculated from the height at which the probe 19 is moved to the sample container to be collected for analysis and the liquid level of the sample is detected (S17). Thereafter, the probe 19 is moved to the washing station 23 and washed with purified water. In the execution of analysis, the absorbance of each reagent cartridge is measured (S18), and the result converted into the concentration is output to the display / operation unit 32 (S19).

  FIG. 7 shows an absorbance measurement flow for a glucose (GLU) analysis reagent cartridge as an example. FIG. 8 shows examples of changes in absorbance with time, reagent / sample dispensing timing, and photometric timing.

  In the reagent cartridge before analysis, 250 μl of the same reagent is contained in the first reagent cuvette and 130 μl is contained in the second reagent cuvette, which is sealed with a seal. Since the reagent cartridge uses serum as a sample, the seal is marked in yellow, and “GLU” is printed to indicate the analysis item. In addition, the dot code seal affixed to the reagent cartridge includes “serum or plasma” as “(3) specimen type as sample” and “5 μl / first” as “(4) required amount and dispensing timing of sample”. "After 0 minutes from dispensing of reagent", "(5) Necessary amount of first reagent and dispensing timing" 200 μl / 0 minute after first reagent dispensing ", (6) Necessary amount and dispensing of second reagent As the injection timing, “100 μl / 7 minutes 30 seconds after the first reagent dispensing”, (8) “2 point end method” as the photometric method, and (9) “7 minutes after the first reagent dispensing / 12” 30 minutes later ”,“ (10) Main wavelength / subwavelength of photometry ”as“ Main wavelength 340 nm / Subwavelength 450 nm ”,“ (11) Conversion formula from absorbance to concentration ”,“ Concentration = 200.804 × ( Absorbance difference-(-0.05145 ) Mg / dl ", the information" (12) "alkaline detergent" as the washing liquid ", i.e. information such as the analysis procedures and treatment procedures are stored.

  According to the information read from the dot code seal and stored in the RAM 33, the main controller 10 controls each part of the apparatus, and first dispenses the reagent and sample in the first reagent cuvette to the photometric cuvette (S31). Here, the rotor 16 is rotated so that the center of the first reagent cuvette of the reagent cartridge is aligned with the suction part 44. Thereafter, the arm 18 is rotated to move the probe 19 to the suction part 44, the probe 19 is lowered so that the tip penetrates the seal and is inserted into the first reagent cuvette, and 200 μl of reagent is removed from the first reagent cuvette. Suction. Subsequently, the specimen type information as the sample stored in the RAM 33, in this example, “serum or plasma” is referred to. Since the specimen type and the sample container are in a one-to-one correspondence, the main control unit 10 can specify the sample container 21a containing the serum. After moving the probe 19 to the serum sample container position 21a, 5 μl of serum is aspirated from the serum sample container. Subsequently, the rotor 16 is rotated so that the center of the photometric cuvette is aligned with the suction / discharge unit 45. Thereafter, the probe 19 is moved to the suction / discharge unit 45 and the probe 19 is lowered. When the probe tip passes through the seal and is inserted into the photometric cuvette, the reagent and sample are discharged into the photometric cuvette. Subsequently, the mixed solution of the reagent and the sample in the photometric cuvette is agitated by sucking and discharging the probe 19. Thereafter, the probe is moved to the washing station 23 and the inside and outside of the probe 19 are washed with purified water.

  FIG. 9 shows a control sequence example of each hardware from the reference of the RAM 33 to the reagent + sample ejection. First, the main control unit 10 reads the sample type information with reference to the RAM 33. From the specimen type information, the main control unit 10 specifies the position of the sample container. In the case of this example, the position of the sample container 21a is specified. Next, the probe 19 moves to an operation of sucking the sample from the sample container 21a. For this purpose, the main controller 10 controls the vertical movement step motor 13 to raise the arm 18. Next, the rotation control step motor 12 is controlled to rotate the arm 18 by a predetermined angle to position the probe 19 above the sample container 21a. Thereafter, the vertical movement step motor 13 is controlled to lower the arm 18, and when the tip of the probe 19 enters a sufficient depth in the sample in the sample container 21a, the downward movement of the arm 18 is stopped. At this time, the arm controller 17 monitors the liquid level by detecting a change in capacitance between the probe 19 and the ground potential. Next, the main control unit 10 controls the suction / discharge unit 24 to suck the sample in the sample container 21a by the probe 19 by a predetermined amount.

  Next, the main control unit 10 controls the step motor 11 to rotate the rotor 11 to position the center of the photometric cuvette 102 of the reagent cartridge 101 used for analysis in the suction / discharge unit 45. The rotational movement of the rotor 11 may be executed simultaneously with the operation of sucking the sample from the sample container 21a by the probe 19 in parallel.

  On the other hand, the main control unit 10 controls the vertical movement step motor 13 to raise the arm 18, pulls out the probe 19 that has completed the suction of the sample from the sample container 21 a, and controls the rotation control step motor 12. The arm 18 is rotated to position the probe 19 above the suction / discharge unit 45. Thereafter, the main control unit 10 controls the vertical movement step motor 13 to lower the arm 18 toward the photometric cuvette 102 of the reagent cartridge 101, break the seal, and insert the tip of the probe 19 into the photometric cuvette 102. . When the tip of the probe 19 enters the photometric cuvette 102, the arm 18 is stopped from descending, and the suction / discharge unit 24 is controlled to discharge the reagent and sample sucked into the photometric cuvette 102 from the tip of the probe 19.

  Returning to FIG. 7, the cleaning liquid information stored in the RAM 33, in this example, “alkaline detergent” is referred to. Since the cleaning liquid and the cleaning liquid container have a one-to-one correspondence, the main control unit 10 can specify the cleaning liquid container 22a containing the alkaline detergent. After moving the probe 19 to the container position 22a, 35 μl of alkaline detergent is sucked from the alkaline cleaning liquid container 22a. Thereafter, the probe is moved to the washing station 23, and the alkaline detergent is discharged and the inside and outside of the probe 19 are washed with purified water.

  FIG. 10 shows a control sequence example of each hardware from the reference of the RAM 33 to the probe cleaning. First, the main control unit 10 reads the cleaning liquid information with reference to the RAM 33. From the cleaning liquid information, the main control unit 10 specifies the position of the cleaning liquid container. In the case of this example, the position of the sample container 22a is specified. Next, the probe 19 moves to an operation of sucking the alkaline cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid container 22a. For this purpose, the main control unit 10 controls the rotation control step motor 12 to rotate the arm 18 by a predetermined angle to position the probe 19 above the cleaning liquid container 22a. Thereafter, the vertical movement step motor 13 is controlled to lower the arm 18, and when the tip of the probe 19 enters a sufficient depth in the sample in the cleaning liquid container 22a, the downward movement of the arm 18 is stopped. At this time, the arm controller 17 monitors the liquid level by detecting a change in capacitance between the probe 19 and the ground potential. Next, the main control unit 10 controls the suction / discharge unit 24 to suck the alkaline cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid container 22a by the probe 19 by a predetermined amount.

  Next, the main control unit 10 controls the vertical movement step motor 13 to raise the arm 18, pulls out the probe 19 that has completed the suction of the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid container 22 a, and controls the rotation control step motor 12. The arm 18 is rotated and the probe 19 is positioned above the cleaning station 23. Thereafter, the main control unit 10 controls the vertical movement step motor 13 to lower the arm 18 toward the cleaning station 23. When the tip of the probe 19 enters the inside of the cleaning station 23, the arm 18 stops descending, and the suction / discharge unit 24 is controlled to discharge the alkaline cleaning liquid sucked from the tip of the probe 19. Subsequently, the suction / discharge unit 24 discharges purified water from the inside of the probe 19 in conjunction with the pump unit 25. In parallel, the pump unit 25 ejects water from the outer wall of the cleaning station 23 to clean the outside of the probe 19.

  Returning to FIG. 7 again, seven minutes after the first reagent dispensing, the main control unit 10 controls each part of the apparatus to measure the absorbance of the photometric cuvette containing the reagent (S32). Here, the rotor 16 is rotated so that the center of the photometric cuvette of the reagent cartridge is aligned with the optical axis 47. Thereafter, the absorbance is measured at a main wavelength of 340 nm / subwavelength of 450 nm by a spectrophotometer including the light source unit 27, the optical system unit 28, and the light detection unit 29. In the case of the example shown in FIG. 8, the measurement result is absorbance = + 0.36505.

  7 minutes and 30 seconds after the first reagent dispensing, the main controller 10 controls each part of the apparatus to dispense the reagent in the second reagent cuvette to the photometric cuvette (S33). Here, the rotor 16 is rotated so that the center of the second reagent cuvette of the reagent cartridge is aligned with the suction part 46. Thereafter, the probe 19 is moved to the aspirating unit 46 to aspirate 100 μl of reagent from the second reagent cuvette. Next, after raising the probe 19, the rotor 16 is rotated so that the center of the photometric cuvette is aligned with the suction / discharge unit 45. Thereafter, the arm 18 is rotated to move the probe 19 to the suction / discharge unit 45, and the reagent is discharged to the photometric cuvette. Subsequently, the mixed solution of the reagent and the sample in the photometric cuvette is agitated by sucking and discharging the probe 19. Thereafter, the probe is moved to the washing station 23 and the inside and outside of the probe 19 are washed with purified water. Subsequently, after moving the probe 19 to the container position 22a, 35 μl of alkaline detergent is sucked from the alkaline detergent container 22a. Thereafter, the probe is moved to the washing station 23, and the alkaline detergent is discharged and the inside and outside of the probe 19 are washed with purified water.

  12 minutes and 30 seconds after the first reagent dispensing, the main control unit 10 controls each part of the apparatus to measure the absorbance of the photometric cuvette containing the mixed solution of the reagent and the sample (S34). Here, the rotor 16 is rotated so that the center of the photometric cuvette of the reagent cartridge is aligned with the optical axis 47. Thereafter, the absorbance is measured at a main wavelength of 340 nm / subwavelength of 450 nm by a spectrophotometer including the light source unit 27, the optical system unit 28, and the light detection unit 29. The measurement result in this example is Absorbance = + 0.688875 from FIG.

  The difference between the absorbances measured twice, +0.688875 − (+ 0.36505) = + 0.32370, is converted from the absorbance to the concentration stored in the RAM 33 as “concentration = 200.804 × (absorbance difference − (− 0. 05145)) Substituting in mg / dl ”, the result is“ 75.3 mg / dl ”as the glucose concentration (S35).

  When the concentration measurement of the analysis item for the first reagent cartridge is completed, the analysis items set in each reagent cartridge sequentially for all the reagent cartridges set in the rotor 11 from the next reagent cartridge to the last reagent cartridge. Measure the concentration. Here, it is desirable to determine the measurement order so that reagent cartridges of the same specimen type used as samples are measured together. For example, when 20 reagent cartridges that use serum as a sample and 10 reagent cartridges that use urine are mounted on an automatic analyzer, the 20 serum reagent cartridges are connected in succession. Concentration measurement is performed, and subsequently, concentration measurement is continuously performed on ten urine reagent cartridges.

  The analysis result is displayed on the display / operation unit 32 and stored in the storage unit 34 together with the patient ID, the date and time, and the serial number of the used reagent cartridge. If the external printer 35 is connected, the analysis result is printed out and the process ends normally. Since the past analysis data can be stored in the storage unit 34, the past analysis data can be selected from the display / operation unit 32 and always printed out from the external printer.

  As in this embodiment, an automatic analyzer with a simple configuration having one probe can be selected by selecting a cleaning liquid to be used after aspirating and discharging the reagent based on the information of the dot code attached to the reagent cartridge. In the analysis of a plurality of items using a plurality of samples, carry-over between measurement items can be reduced. As another embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by selecting a cleaning time with purified water based on dot code information.

  Further, as in this embodiment, there is a reagent / sample discharge portion at the intersection of the probe rotation circumference and the photometry cuvette rotation circumference, and at the intersection of the probe rotation circumference and the reagent cuvette rotation circumference. There is a reagent aspirating section, a plurality of specimen types are placed in different sample containers on the rotation circumference of the probe and arranged at predetermined positions, and a plurality of detergents are separated on the rotation circumference of the probe. In an automatic analyzer that has multiple types of cleaning liquids required for each reagent cartridge that is placed in a predetermined position after entering the sample container, it is not necessary to mix the cleaning liquid containers according to the information on the cleaning liquid added to each reagent cartridge. In addition, the necessary cleaning liquid can be sucked.

The perspective view which shows the example of a reagent cartridge. The side view of a reagent cartridge. The schematic diagram which shows the example of whole structure of the automatic analyzer by this invention. The plane schematic diagram of the automatic analyzer by this invention. The block diagram of the control system of an automatic analyzer. The operation | movement flowchart of the automatic analyzer of this invention. The flowchart of an example of an absorbance measurement. The figure which shows the example of the time change of a light absorbency, the dispensing timing of a reagent / sample, and photometry timing. The figure which shows the example of a control sequence of each hardware. The figure which shows the example of a control sequence of each hardware.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Main control part, 11 ... Step motor, 12 ... Step motor for rotation control, 13 ... Step motor for vertical movement control, 14 ... Constant temperature bath control part, 15 ... Constant temperature bath, 16 ... Rotor, 17 ... Arm control part, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 ... Arm, 19 ... Probe, 20 ... Home position, 21a-21d ... Sample container, 22a-22d ... Cleaning liquid container, 23 ... Cleaning station, 24 ... Suction / discharge part, 25 ... Pump part, 26 ... Water tank, 27 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Light source part, 28 ... Optical system part, 29 ... Light detection part, 31 ... Dot code reading part, 32 ... Display / operation part, 44 ... Suction part of 1st reagent, 45 ... Suction / discharge part with respect to photometry cuvette, 46 DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS: Second and third reagent aspirating sections, 101 ... reagent cartridge, 102 ... photometric cuvette, 103 ... first reagent cuvette, 104 ... second reagent cuvette Tsu DOO, 105 ... third reagent cuvette, 106 ... panel, 107 ... dot code label

Claims (6)

A plurality of sample containers installed at different positions and assigned to different samples;
A plurality of cleaning liquid containers arranged at different positions and assigned to different types of cleaning liquids;
A rotor capable of rotating by holding a plurality of reagent cartridges having a photometric cuvette, a reagent cuvette in which a reagent is sealed, and an information presentation unit;
A rotor drive unit that rotationally drives the rotor;
An information reading unit for reading information from the information presenting unit of the reagent cartridge;
One probe capable of sucking and discharging liquid;
A probe driving unit for driving the probe;
An optical measurement unit comprising a light source and a photodetector, and performing an absorbance measurement on the photometric cuvette of the reagent cartridge;
A storage unit for storing information read by the information reading unit;
A control unit for controlling each part of the device,
The control unit refers to the information stored in the storage unit, identifies a sample container containing a sample required by the reagent cartridge, and positions the probe in the identified sample container The probe driving unit is controlled, a cleaning liquid container containing a necessary cleaning liquid is identified with reference to information stored in the storage unit, and the probe is positioned in the identified cleaning liquid container An automatic analyzer characterized by controlling a drive unit.   2. The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the probe is driven on an arc having a first radius by the probe driving unit, and the plurality of sample containers and the plurality of cleaning liquid containers are arranged on the arc having the first radius. An automatic analyzer characterized by being made.   2. The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the reagent cartridge is held by the rotor such that the photometric cuvette and the reagent cuvette are positioned on a circle having a second radius and a circle having a third radius, respectively. An automatic analyzer characterized by that.   2. The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the reagent cartridge includes a first reagent cuvette and a second reagent cuvette, and the photometric cuvette, the first reagent cuvette, and the second reagent cuvette are respectively first. An automatic analyzer which is held by the rotor so as to be positioned on a circle having a radius of 2, a circle having a third radius, and a circle having a fourth radius. The automatic analyzer according to claim 1, wherein
The photometric cuvette moves on a second radius circle intersecting the arc of the first radius at a first intersection with the rotation of the rotor, and the reagent cuvette has the first radius with the rotation of the rotor. Move on a circle with a third radius intersecting the arc at the second intersection,
The controller controls the rotor driving unit to position the photometric cuvette at the first intersection and controls the probe driving unit to control the probe when discharging liquid to the photometric cuvette. When the reagent is aspirated from the reagent cuvette by positioning at the first intersection, the rotor driving unit is controlled to position the first reagent cuvette at the second intersection and control the probe driving unit. And positioning the probe at the second intersection point. A plurality of sample containers installed at different positions and assigned to different samples;
A plurality of cleaning containers that are arranged at different positions and assigned to different types of cleaning liquids;
A rotor capable of holding and rotating a plurality of reagent cartridges having a photometric cuvette, a reagent cuvette in which a reagent is enclosed, and an information presentation unit for presenting information by a two-dimensional code;
A rotor drive unit that rotationally drives the rotor;
An information reading unit for reading information from the information presenting unit of the reagent cartridge;
One probe capable of sucking and discharging liquid;
A probe driving unit for driving the probe;
An optical measurement unit comprising a light source and a photodetector, and performing an absorbance measurement on the photometric cuvette of the reagent cartridge;
A storage unit for storing information read by the information reading unit;
A control unit for controlling each part of the device,
The control unit refers to the information stored in the storage unit, identifies a sample container containing a sample required by the reagent cartridge, and positions the probe in the identified sample container The probe driving unit is controlled, a cleaning liquid container containing a necessary cleaning liquid is identified with reference to information stored in the storage unit, and the probe is positioned in the identified cleaning liquid container An automatic analyzer characterized by controlling a drive unit.

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