JP4308065B2 - DC outlet - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a DC outlet used for supplying DC power.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an electric power system that supplies AC power from a power source to general household electrical equipment, an AC power distribution system centered on commercial power is used. In this AC power distribution system, AC power is supplied to various electric devices in a general home via a connecting device such as an outlet or a plug. The connection tool used in such an AC power distribution system has an advantage that safety is not impaired even if a device for preventing arc generation is not provided. However, most electrical devices are driven by DC, for example, AC power is converted to DC power by a built-in high frequency inverter.

  On the other hand, it is expected that the number of DC distributed power sources using solar cells, fuel cells, etc. will increase in general households in the future. Such direct-current power can be easily stored as compared with alternating-current power, and thus is excellent in handling emergency situations.

  For this reason, if the power supply is converted to direct current in ordinary homes, AC power is converted into direct current power for effective use of the power, for example, charging the storage battery with alternating current power at night, or from a DC distributed power supply to an electrical device There is an advantage that direct current power can be directly supplied to the power source to suppress the alternating current power at the peak of summer.

  However, since the power system is currently configured as an AC power distribution system, when supplying DC power from a DC power supply to electrical equipment, DC power is once converted into commercial AC power in accordance with the AC power distribution system, and then AC power is supplied. Electric power must be converted to DC power. Therefore, power loss and a separate conversion device are required.

For this reason, DC distribution systems that can directly distribute DC power from DC distributed power supplies to electrical equipment are being studied, but when AC outlets and plugs are used as DC outlets and plugs used in such DC distribution systems Since an arc is generated, there is a risk of causing personal injury or fire. For example, when an outlet is embedded in a flammable wall in a general household, there is a problem of causing fire or human damage due to heating or the like.

In order to solve such a problem, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-203721 proposes a DC outlet capable of safely inserting and removing a DC plug even at a high voltage. In this technique, as shown in FIG. 12, a MOSFET 11 ′ is provided on the negative electrode side of the DC power source of the outlet 1 ′, the source electrode 112 of the MOSFET 11 ′ is connected to the power supply terminal 6 ′, and the drain electrode 111 is connected to the contact point. 15 ′, and further in series with the contact 16 ′ and the power supply terminal 6 ′ provided at the contact position of the terminal 21 ′ of the DC plug behind the positive contact 14 ′ connected to the power supply terminal 5 ′. A contact point between the connected resistor 13 ′ and resistor 12 ′ is connected to the gate electrode 113. In the outlet 1 ′, the MOSFET 11 ′ is controlled by the voltage divided by the resistors 13 ′ and 12 ′, and the terminals 21 ′ and 22 ′ of the plug 2 ′ are connected to the outlets 31 ′ and 32 ′ of the outlet 1 ′. The MOSFET 11 'is turned off before being extracted.
JP 2003-203721 A

  However, in the DC outlet of the above technology, there is a possibility that when the plug is inserted into the outlet, if there is noise with the plug terminal in contact with the contact of the outlet, the MOSFET is turned on and an arc is generated. Moreover, in the said technique, there existed a problem which cannot suppress the inrush current at the time of the electric power feeding start to an electric equipment.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a direct current outlet capable of solving the above-described problems.

  The invention of claim 1 is a DC outlet for supplying DC power, wherein a semiconductor switch is interposed in the middle of the electric wire supplying DC power, the source of the semiconductor switch is on the power supply side, and the drain is a contact And connecting a connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor to the gate of the semiconductor switch and the source of the semiconductor switch, respectively, and connecting the connection point of each resistor and the source of the semiconductor switch. An open / close switch is interposed between the open / close switch and the open / close switch is closed to open by inserting a plug into a DC outlet, and the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor is applied to the semiconductor switch. From the state that can be applied to the gate of the first, and from the open to closed by removing the plug from the DC outlet, the first resistor and the first Wherein the divided voltage of the resistors are configured to be ready to be applied from the applied state to the gate of the semiconductor switch.

  The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that a capacitor is further provided between the gate and the source of the semiconductor switch.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a third resistor is further provided in series with the open / close switch between a connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor and a source of the semiconductor switch.

The invention according to claim 4 is a DC outlet for supplying DC power, wherein a first semiconductor switch is interposed in the middle of an electric wire supplying DC power, and the source of the first semiconductor switch is supplied with power. The drain of the first semiconductor switch is connected to the contact side, and the connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor is connected to the gate of the first semiconductor switch and the source of the first semiconductor switch. And a second semiconductor switch is interposed between the connection point of each resistor and the source of the first semiconductor switch, and the drain of the second semiconductor switch is connected to the first resistor and the second resistor. The source of the second semiconductor switch is connected to the source side of the first semiconductor switch, and the connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor is connected to the second resistor switch point side. Semiconductors An open / close switch is interposed between the connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor and the source of the second semiconductor switch, and the open / close switch is connected to a DC outlet. When the plug is inserted, the voltage is divided from the open state to the closed state, and the voltage obtained by dividing the third resistor and the fourth resistor is applied to the gate of the second semiconductor switch. The divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor is applied from the state where it can be applied to the gate of the first semiconductor switch, and is opened from the closed state by the removal of the plug from the direct current outlet, and the third The divided voltage of the first resistor and the fourth resistor is applied from the state where it can be applied to the gate of the second semiconductor switch, and the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor is divided. Voltage Characterized by being configured to be ready for application from a state which is applied to the gate of the first semiconductor switch.

  The invention of claim 5 is characterized in that a capacitor is further provided between a gate and a source of the first semiconductor switch.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a fifth resistor is further provided in series with the second semiconductor switch between a connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor and a source of the first semiconductor switch. It is characterized by that.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is a DC outlet for supplying DC power, wherein the first resistor and the second electric power are supplied from the first electric wire to the second electric wire via the first opening / closing switch. 2 is connected, a semiconductor switch is interposed in the middle of the second electric wire, the source of the semiconductor switch is connected to the power supply side, the drain is connected to the contact side, and the gate of the semiconductor switch and the semiconductor switch The connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor is connected to the source of each of the resistors, and a second open / close switch is interposed between the connection point of each resistor and the source of the semiconductor switch. When the plug is inserted into the outlet, the first open / close switch is opened to closed so that the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor can be applied to the power MOSFET, and then the second open / close switch is set. The switch is opened from the closed state, the voltage divided by the first resistor and the second resistor is applied to the power MOSFET, and the plug is removed from the DC outlet so that the second open / close switch is opened and closed. The first open / close switch is configured to be opened from the closed state after the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor can be applied from the state where the voltage is applied to the power MOSFET. To do.

  The invention of claim 8 is characterized in that a capacitor is further provided between the gate and the source of the semiconductor switch.

  The invention of claim 9 is characterized in that a third resistor is further provided between the second open / close switch and the source of the semiconductor switch.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the open / close switch of the DC outlet is opened from the closed state by inserting a plug into the DC outlet, and the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor is applied to the semiconductor switch. Since it is applied from the state that can be applied to the gate, no arc is generated when the plug is inserted into the DC outlet. In addition, the plug is removed from the DC outlet and then opened to closed, and the voltage obtained by dividing the first resistor and the second resistor can be applied from the state where the voltage is applied to the gate of the semiconductor switch. Therefore, there is an effect that no arc is generated even when the plug is pulled out from the DC outlet.

  In the invention of claim 2, since the semiconductor switch is gradually turned on, there is an effect that the inrush current to the load can be suppressed.

  In the invention of claim 3, since the excessive current to the on / off switch can be prevented by the third resistor, the on / off switch can be protected.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the open / close switch is opened to closed by inserting a plug into a DC outlet, and the voltage divided by the third resistor and the fourth resistor is applied to the gate of the second semiconductor switch. Since it becomes a state where it can be applied from the applied state, and the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor is applied from the state where it can be applied to the gate of the first semiconductor switch, Arc does not occur when a DC plug is inserted into a DC outlet.

  The open / close switch is opened from the closed state by removing the plug from the DC outlet, and the voltage divided by the third resistor and the fourth resistor can be applied to the gate of the second semiconductor switch. In this state, the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor can be applied from the state of being applied to the gate of the first semiconductor switch. There is an effect that no arc is generated when the plug is pulled out.

  In the invention of claim 5, since the first semiconductor switch is gradually turned on, there is an effect that the inrush current to the load can be suppressed.

  In the invention of claim 6, since the excessive current to the second semiconductor switch can be prevented by the fifth resistor, the second semiconductor switch can be protected.

  In the invention of claim 7, by inserting the plug into the DC outlet, the first open / close switch is opened to closed so that the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor can be applied to the power MOSFET. Since the second open / close switch is opened from the closed state and the voltage divided by the first resistor and the second resistor is applied to the power MOSFET, an arc is generated when the DC plug is inserted into the DC outlet. do not do. In addition, by removing the plug from the DC outlet, the second open / close switch is opened and closed so that the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor can be applied from the state where the power MOSFET is applied. Since the first opening / closing switch is opened from the closed state, there is an effect that no arc is generated even when the DC plug is pulled out from the DC outlet.

  In the invention of claim 8, since the semiconductor switch is gradually turned on, there is an effect that the inrush current to the load can be suppressed.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the excessive current to the second opening / closing switch can be prevented by the third resistor, the second opening / closing switch can be protected.

(Embodiment 1)
Embodiment 1 of a DC outlet according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  1 is a perspective view of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the DC outlet and the DC plug according to the first embodiment.

  1 and 2, the DC outlet 1 has a box-shaped case 2, which includes a pair of terminal insertion port 2a and terminal insertion port 2b, a switch operation unit insertion port 2c, and a wire outlet 2d. And the electric wire outlet 2e is formed, respectively.

  A positive electrode contact 3a and a negative electrode contact 3b are provided near the terminal insertion port 2a and the terminal insertion port 2b of the case 2, respectively. The positive electrode contact 3a and the negative electrode contact 3b are respectively provided with a positive electrode wire L1 and a negative electrode wire L2. Are connected to each other.

  A power MOSFET Q1, which is a semiconductor switch, is interposed in the middle of the negative electrode wire L2. The drain D of the power MOSFET Q1 is connected to the negative contact side, and the source S is connected to the power supply side. A resistor R1 and a resistor R2 are connected in series between the positive electrode wire L1 and the negative electrode wire L2, and the connection point between these resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the gate G of the power MOSFET Q1, and the power The MOSFET Q1 is connected to the source S via the contacts CP1 and CP2. Further, a capacitor C is connected between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1.

  A push rod 4a is slidably supported by the rod support portion 4b near the switch operation portion insertion port 2c of the case 2. A compression coil spring 4c is provided between the pressing end portion 4a1 of the push rod 4a and the rod support portion 4b. The compression coil spring 4c is configured so that the contact 4a2 of the push rod 4a contacts the contacts CP1 and CP2. Is energized.

  The push rod 4a, the compression coil spring 4c, the contacts CP1, CP2, and the like constitute a push switch SW as an open / close switch.

  On the other hand, the DC plug 5 has a plug support portion 6, and a positive electrode terminal 7 a, a negative electrode terminal 7 b, and a switch operation portion 8 project from the plug support portion 6. An electric wire L3 and an electric wire L4 are connected to the positive electrode terminal 7a and the negative electrode terminal 7b, and these electric wire L3 and electric wire L4 are connected to both ends of the load Lo, respectively.

  When the DC plug 5 is inserted into the DC outlet 1 and the switch operating portion 8 of the DC plug 5 presses the pressing end 4a1 of the push rod 4a, the contact 4a2 of the push rod 4a is separated from the contacts CP1 and CP2. The push switch SW is opened from the closed state.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the operating state of the power MOSFET from when the DC plug is inserted into the DC outlet according to the first embodiment to when it is pulled out.
(A) is the on / off of the voltage of the positive terminal of the DC plug, (b) is the opening / closing of the push switch, (c) is the on / off of the voltage between the gate and source of the power MOSFET, and (d) is the on / off of the voltage between the drain and source. , (E) represents ON / OFF of the voltage between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the DC plug, respectively.

  When the DC plug 5 is not inserted into the DC outlet 1, the push switch SW is closed (ON), and the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited.

  When the DC plug 5 is inserted into the DC outlet 1, the positive terminal 7a and the negative terminal 7b of the DC plug 5 come into contact with the positive contact 3a and the negative contact 3b of the DC outlet 1 at time t1, and the positive terminal of the DC plug 5 is contacted. As the voltage at the terminal 7a is turned on, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is also turned on.

  At time t2, when the switch operating portion 8 of the DC plug 5 presses the pressing end 4a1 of the push rod 4a, the contact 4a2 of the push rod 4a is separated from the contacts CP1 and CP2 and divided by the resistors R1 and R2. The applied voltage is applied to the gate G and the capacitor C of the power MOSFET Q1.

  When the voltage across the capacitor C, the voltage Vgs between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is gradually turned on from time t2, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S is gradually turned off. The voltage Vp between the positive terminal 7a and the negative terminal 7b of the plug 5 is gradually turned on.

  At this time, when the power MOSFET Q1 is turned on, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S is turned off, and the voltage Vp between the positive terminal 7a and the negative terminal 7b of the DC plug 5 is turned on.

  Next, when the DC plug 5 is pulled out from the DC outlet 1, at time t3, the contact 4a2 of the push rod 4a contacts the contacts CP1 and CP2, and the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited. The power MOSFET Q1 is turned off instantaneously. As a result, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is suddenly turned on, and the voltage Vp between the positive terminal 7a and the negative terminal 7b of the DC plug 5 is suddenly turned off.

  At time t4, when the DC plug 5 is pulled out from the DC outlet 1 and the positive terminal 7a and the negative terminal 7b are separated from the positive contact 3a and the negative contact 3b, the voltage of the positive terminal 7a of the DC plug 5 is turned off. Thus, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is also turned off.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, when the DC plug 5 is inserted into the DC outlet 1, the push switch SW is closed and the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited. After the positive electrode contact 3a and the negative electrode contact 3b are brought into contact with the positive electrode terminal 7a and the negative electrode terminal 7b of the DC plug 5, the push switch SW is opened to turn on the power MOSFET Q1. Therefore, even when noise occurs when the DC plug 5 is inserted into the DC outlet 1, the power MOSFET Q1 is turned on and no arc is generated.

  In the first embodiment, since the capacitor C is interposed between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1, when the DC plug 5 is inserted into the DC outlet 1, the voltage Vgs between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 gradually increases. Turned on. Therefore, the inrush current to the load Lo can be suppressed.

  In the first embodiment, when the DC plug 5 is pulled out from the DC outlet 1, the push switch SW is closed and the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited to turn off the power MOSFET Q1. Pull out the DC plug 5 from 1. Therefore, when the DC plug 5 is pulled out from the DC outlet 1, no arc is generated.

As described above, the DC outlet 1 of the present embodiment does not generate an arc when the DC plug 5 is inserted or when the DC plug 5 is pulled out from the DC outlet 1. Therefore, there is an effect that there is no human damage or fire caused by the occurrence of an arc.
(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment of the DC outlet according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to the second embodiment.

  4 and 5, the DC outlet 11 has a box-shaped case 12. The case 12 has a pair of terminal insertion port 12a and terminal insertion port 12b, auxiliary insertion port 12c and auxiliary insertion port 12d, electric wire. An outlet 12e and an electrical outlet 12f are formed.

  A positive contact 13a and a negative contact 13b are provided near the terminal insertion opening 12a and the terminal insertion opening 12b of the case 12, respectively, and an auxiliary positive contact is provided near the auxiliary insertion openings 12c and 12d of the case 12. 15a and an auxiliary negative contact 15b are provided. A positive electrode wire L11 and a negative electrode wire L12 are connected to the positive electrode contact 13a, the negative electrode contact 13b, and the DC power source DP, respectively.

  A power MOSFET Q1, which is a semiconductor switch, is interposed in the middle of the negative electrode wire L12. The drain D of the power MOSFET Q1 is connected to the negative contact side, and the source S is connected to the power feeding side. A resistor R1 and a resistor R2 are connected in series between the positive electrode wire L11 and the negative electrode wire L12, and a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 are connected in series. A connection point between the resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the gate G of the power MOSFET Q1. A MOSFET Q2 is interposed between the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1, the drain D of the MOSFET Q2 is on the connection point side of the resistors R1 and R2, and the source S is the power MOSFET Q1. Each is connected to the source S side. A capacitor C is connected between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1. Further, the connection point between the resistors R3 and R4 is connected to the auxiliary positive contact 15a, and the auxiliary negative contact 15b is connected to the source S of the MOSFET Q2.

  On the other hand, the DC plug 16 has a plug support portion 17, and a positive electrode terminal 18 a, a negative electrode terminal 18 b, and a connection terminal 19 are projected from the plug support portion 17. An electric wire L13 and an electric wire L14 are connected to the positive terminal 18a and the negative terminal 18b and both ends of the load Lo, respectively.

  The auxiliary positive contact 15a, the auxiliary negative contact 15b of the DC outlet 11 and the connection terminal 19 of the DC plug 16 constitute an insertion switch SW1 as an open / close switch. When the DC plug 16 is inserted into the DC outlet 11 and the connection terminal 19 of the DC plug 16 comes into contact with the auxiliary positive contact 15a and the auxiliary negative contact 15b of the DC outlet 11 and the switch SW1 is closed, the gate G and the source of the MOSFET Q2 are closed. S is short-circuited, and MOSFET Q2 is turned off.

FIG. 6 is a time chart showing operating states of the MOSFET and the power MOSFET from when the DC plug is inserted into the DC outlet according to the second embodiment to when it is pulled out.
(A) is the on / off of the voltage of the positive terminal of the DC plug, (b) is the opening / closing of the plug switch, (c) is the on / off of the voltage between the gate and the source of the MOSFET, and (d) is the voltage between the gate and the source of the power MOSFET. On / off, (e) represents on / off of the voltage between the drain and source S of the power MOSFET, and (f) represents on / off of the voltage between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the DC plug.

  When the DC plug 16 is not inserted into the DC outlet 11, the MOSFET Q2 is on.

  When the DC plug 16 is inserted into the DC outlet 11, the positive terminal 18a and the negative terminal 18b of the DC plug 16 come into contact with the positive contact 13a and the negative contact 13b of the DC outlet 11 at time t1, and the positive terminal of the DC plug 16 is contacted. The voltage at the terminal 18a is turned on, and the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is turned on.

  When the connection terminal 19 of the DC plug 16 contacts the auxiliary positive contact 15a and the auxiliary negative contact 15b of the DC outlet 11 at time t2, the gate G and the source S of the MOSFET Q2 are short-circuited and the MOSFET Q2 is turned off. As a result, the voltage divided by the resistors R1 and R2 is applied to the gate G and the capacitor C of the power MOSFET Q1.

  When the voltage across the capacitor C, the voltage Vgs between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is gradually turned on from time t2, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S is gradually turned off. The voltage Vp between the positive terminal 18a and the negative terminal 18b of the plug 16 is gradually turned on.

  At this time, when the power MOSFET Q1 is turned on, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S is turned off, and the voltage Vp between the positive terminal 18a and the negative terminal 18b of the DC plug 16 is turned on.

  Next, when the DC plug 16 is pulled out from the DC outlet 11, when the connection terminal 19 of the DC plug 16 is separated from the auxiliary positive contact 15a and the auxiliary negative contact 15b of the DC outlet 11 at time t3, the resistors R3 and R4 The divided voltage is applied to the gate G of the MOSFET Q2, the MOSFET Q2 is turned on, the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited, and the power MOSFET Q1 is turned off instantaneously. As a result, the voltage Vds between the drain D and source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is suddenly turned on, and the voltage Vp between the positive terminal 18a and the negative terminal 18b of the DC plug is suddenly turned off.

  Further, when the DC plug 16 is pulled out from the DC outlet 11 at time t4, the positive terminal 18a and the negative terminal 18b of the DC plug 16 are separated from the positive contact 13a and the negative contact 13b of the DC outlet 11, and the positive terminal of the DC plug 16 is removed. The voltage 18a is turned off, and the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is also turned off.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, when the DC plug 16 is inserted into the DC outlet 11, the MOSFET Q2 is on and the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited. After the positive electrode terminal 18a and the negative electrode terminal 18b of the DC plug 16 are in contact with the negative electrode contact 13b, the connection terminal 19 of the DC plug 16 is in contact with the auxiliary positive electrode contact 15a and the auxiliary negative electrode contact 15b of the DC outlet 11, and the MOSFET Q2 is turned off. The power MOSFET Q1 is turned on. Therefore, when the DC plug 16 is inserted into the DC outlet 11, no arc is generated even if noise occurs.

  In Embodiment 2, since the capacitor C is interposed between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1, the voltage Vgs between the gate G and the source S gradually increases when the DC plug 16 is inserted into the DC outlet 11. . Therefore, the inrush current to the load Lo can be suppressed.

  Further, in the second embodiment, when the DC plug 16 is pulled out from the DC outlet 11, the connection terminal 19 of the DC plug 16 is separated from the auxiliary positive contact 15a and the auxiliary negative contact 15b of the DC outlet 11, and the MOSFET Q2 is turned on. Since the power MOSFET Q1 is turned off by short-circuiting the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1, the DC plug 16 is pulled out from the DC outlet 11, so that no arc is generated.

In the second embodiment, since the MOSFET Q2 is provided between the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1, the switch can be reduced in size compared to the push switch SW of the first embodiment. It can be made safer.
(Embodiment 3)
Next, a third embodiment of the DC outlet according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to the third embodiment. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to the third embodiment.

  7 and 8, the DC outlet 21 has a case 22, and a pair of terminal insertion port 22a, terminal insertion port 22b, wire outlet 22c, and wire outlet 22d are formed in the case 22, respectively. Yes. A positive contact 23a and a negative contact 23b are provided near the terminal insertion port 22a and the terminal insertion port 22b of the case 22, respectively. The positive contact 23a and the negative contact 23b are provided with a positive wire L21 and a negative wire L22. Is connected. The positive electrode L21 and the negative electrode L22 are connected to the DC power source DP. A positive electrode contact 24 of a leaf spring is supported at one end near the positive electrode contact 23a of the case 22, and the positive electrode contact 24 is connected to the resistor R1. A power MOSFET Q1, which is a semiconductor switch, is interposed in the middle of the negative electrode wire L22. The drain D of the power MOSFET Q1 is connected to the negative contact side and the source S is connected to the power supply side. A connection point between the resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the gate G of the power MOSFET Q1. A capacitor C is provided between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1.

  Near the connection point of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, a negative electrode contact 25 of a leaf spring is supported at one end, and the negative electrode contact 25 is connected to the source of the power MOSFET Q1.

  Between the negative contact 23b of the case 22 and the negative contact 25, a push rod 26a is slidably supported by the rod support portion 26b. A compression coil spring 26c is provided between the pressing end portion 26a1 of the push rod 26a and the support portion 26b.

  On the other hand, the DC plug 28 has a plug support portion 29, and a positive electrode terminal 30 a and a negative electrode terminal 30 b are projected from the plug support portion 29. An electric wire L23 and an electric wire L24 are connected to the positive terminal 30a and the negative terminal 30b and both ends of the load Lo, respectively.

  The positive contact 24 of the DC outlet 21, the positive terminal 30a of the DC plug 28, etc. constitute a first push switch SWa as a first open / close switch, and the negative contact 25, push rod 26a, compression The coil spring 26c, the negative terminal 30b of the DC plug 28, etc. constitute a second push switch SWb as a second opening / closing switch.

When the negative electrode terminal 30b of the DC plug 28 presses the pressing end portion 26a1 of the push rod 26a, the end portion of the push rod 26a presses the negative electrode contact 25 to be separated from the connection point of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 , and the second The push switch SWb is opened.

FIG. 9 is a time chart showing the operating state of the power MOSFET from when the DC plug is inserted into the DC outlet according to the third embodiment to when it is pulled out.
(A) is the ON / OFF of the voltage of the positive terminal of the DC plug, (b) is the opening / closing of the first push switch, (c) is the opening / closing of the second push switch, (d) is the ON / OFF of the voltage between the gate and source of the power MOSFET. (E) represents on / off of the voltage between the drain and source of the power MOSFET, and (f) represents on / off of the voltage between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the DC plug.

  When the DC plug 28 is not inserted into the DC outlet 21, the negative electrode contact 25 is in contact with the connection point of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, and the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited.

  When the DC plug 28 is inserted into the DC outlet 21, the positive terminal 30a and the negative terminal 30b of the DC plug 28 come into contact with the positive contact 23a and the negative contact 23b of the DC outlet 21 at time t1. The voltage of the positive terminal 30a of the DC plug 28 is turned on, and the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is also turned on.

  Next, at time t <b> 2, the positive terminal 30 a of the DC plug 28 contacts the positive contact 24 of the DC outlet 21.

  Here, the voltage divided by the resistors R1 and R2 can be applied to the gate G of the power MOSFET Q1.

  At time t3, when the negative electrode terminal 30b of the DC plug 28 presses the pressing end portion 26a1 of the push rod 26a and the negative electrode contactor 25 is separated from the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2, the voltage is divided by the resistors R1 and R2. The applied voltage is applied to the gate G and capacitor C of the power MOSFET Q1.

  When the voltage across the capacitor C, the voltage Vgs between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is gradually turned on from time t3, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S is gradually turned off. When the voltage Vp between the positive terminal 30a and the negative terminal 30b of the plug 28 is gradually turned on and the power MOSFET Q1 is turned on, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S is turned off and the positive terminal 30a of the DC plug 28 is turned on. And the voltage Vp between the negative terminal 30b is turned on.

  Then, power is supplied to the load Lo while the power MOSFET Q1 is on.

  Next, the DC plug 28 is pulled out from the DC outlet 21, and when the negative electrode contactor 25 comes into contact with the connection point of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 at time t4, the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited. MOSFET Q1 is turned off instantaneously. Thereby, the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is suddenly turned on, and the voltage Vp between the positive terminal 30a and the negative terminal 30b of the DC plug 28 is suddenly turned off.

  Furthermore, the positive electrode terminal 30a of the DC plug 28 is separated from the positive electrode contact 24 of the DC outlet 21 at time t5.

  When the DC plug 28 is pulled out from the DC outlet 21 at time t6, the voltage at the positive terminal 30a of the DC plug 28 is turned off, and the voltage Vds between the drain D and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 is also turned off.

  As described above, in the third embodiment, when the DC plug 28 is inserted into the DC outlet 21, the negative electrode contact 25 comes into contact with the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2, and the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are connected. In a short-circuited state, the positive electrode contact 30a and the negative electrode terminal 30b of the DC plug 28 are brought into contact with the positive electrode contact 23a and the negative electrode contact 23b of the DC outlet 21, and further, the positive electrode terminal 30a is brought into contact with the positive electrode contact 24, The negative end 30b presses the pressing end portion 26a1 of the push rod 26a, and the negative contact 25 is separated from the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2, thereby turning on the power MOSFET Q1. Therefore, even when noise occurs when the DC plug 28 is inserted into the DC outlet 21, no arc is generated.

  In the third embodiment, since the capacitor C is interposed between the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1, the voltage Vgs between the gate G and the source S gradually increases when the DC plug 28 is inserted into the DC outlet 21. . Therefore, the inrush current to the load Lo can be suppressed.

  Further, in the third embodiment, when the DC plug 28 is pulled out from the DC outlet 21, the negative contact 25 comes into contact with the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2, and the gate G and the source S of the power MOSFET Q1 are short-circuited. After the power MOSFET Q1 is turned off, the DC plug 28 is pulled out from the DC outlet 21. Therefore, no arc is generated.

Further, in the third embodiment, since the positive electrode contact 24 is provided in the DC outlet 21 and power is not consumed until the DC plug 28 is inserted into the DC outlet 21, compared with the first and second embodiments. Power can be saved.
(Application 1)
Next, an AC-DC conversion outlet that converts AC power to DC power in order to supply DC power to the DC electric equipment will be described.

  In this application example 1, a case where the DC power supplied to the DC electrical equipment EI is a low voltage will be described.

  FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of an AC-DC conversion outlet for converting AC power into DC power.

  In FIG. 10, the AC-DC conversion outlet 31 has a case 32, and a terminal insertion port 32a, a terminal insertion port 32b, a terminal insertion port 32a ', and a terminal insertion port 32b' are formed in the case 32, respectively. Yes. The case 32 is provided with a full-wave rectifier circuit FR in which diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 are bridge-connected. The input terminals DI1 and DI2 of the full-wave rectifier circuit FR are supplied with an AC power supply CP via electric wires L31 and L32. The output terminals DO1 and DO2 are connected to contacts 33a and 33b, contacts 33a 'and 33b' via electric wires L33 and L34.

  On the other hand, the DC plug 35 has a plug support portion 36, and a positive electrode terminal 37a and a negative electrode terminal 37b project from the plug support portion 36, respectively. An electric wire L35 and an electric wire L36 are connected to both ends of the positive electrode terminal 37a and the negative electrode terminal 37b and the DC electric equipment EI.

When the DC plug 35 is inserted into the AC-DC conversion outlet 31 and the power switch (not shown) of the DC electrical equipment EI is turned on, the input voltage from the AC power supply CP is supplied to the AC-DC conversion outlet 31. Full-wave rectification is performed by the full-wave rectification circuit FR, and the DC-electric equipment EI is supplied via the DC plug 35.
(Application example 2)
In the application example 1 described above, the case where the DC power supplied to the DC electrical equipment EI is a low voltage has been described. In application example 2, the case where the DC power supplied to the DC electrical equipment EI is a high voltage will be described.

  Note that the AC-DC conversion outlet of the application example 2 is a combination of the full-wave rectifier circuit FR of the application example 1 with the DC outlet 1 and the DC plug 5 of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of an AC-DC conversion outlet for converting AC power into DC power.

  In FIG. 11, an AC-DC conversion outlet 41 has a case 42, and the case 42 includes a rectifier circuit portion 41a and an arc generation prevention circuit portion 41b.

  Here, in the rectifier circuit section 41a, the input terminals DI1 and DI2 of the full-wave rectifier circuit FR are connected to the AC power supply CP via the electric wires L41 and L42, and the output terminals DO1 and DO2 are contacted via the electric wires L43 and L44. 3a and contact 3b.

  Further, since the arc generation prevention circuit unit 41b has been described in the first embodiment, it will be omitted.

  Further, since the DC plug 5 has also been described in the first embodiment, it will be omitted.

  Then, when the DC plug 5 is inserted into the AC-DC conversion outlet 41 and the power switch (not shown) of the DC electric equipment EI is turned on, the input voltage from the AC power source CP is supplied to the AC-DC conversion outlet 41. Full-wave rectification is performed by the full-wave rectification circuit FR, and the direct-current electrical equipment EI is supplied via the direct-current plug 5.

  If the above-described AC-DC conversion outlet 41 is used, AC power can be converted into DC power to effectively use the power, for example, night AC power can be converted into DC power and stored.

  As described above, in the above embodiment, since the circuit for preventing arcing is provided in the DC outlet, the DC plug can be reduced in size compared with the case where the circuit for preventing arcing is provided in the DC plug. Can be lighter. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the DC plug from being damaged by dropping or the like.

  The DC outlet according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made.

  In the above embodiment, the n-type power MOSFET is used as the semiconductor switch. However, a p-type power MOSFET can be used instead.

  In the first embodiment, a minute resistor R that protects the push switch SW can be provided between the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 and the source of the power MOSFET Q1.

  In the second embodiment, a minute resistor R that protects the MOSFET Q2 can be provided between the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 and the source of the power MOSFET Q1.

  In the third embodiment, a minute resistor R that protects the negative electrode contact 25 and the like can be provided between the negative electrode contact 25 and the source of the power MOSFET Q1.

  In the second embodiment, the four poles of the positive contact 13a and the negative contact 13b, the auxiliary positive contact 15a and the auxiliary negative contact 15b are provided. The negative contacts 15b are connected to and separated from each other, but instead of the positive contacts 13a, the negative contacts 13b, and the auxiliary positive contacts 15a, when the DC plug 16 is inserted into the DC outlet 11, The auxiliary positive electrode contacts 15a can be contacted or separated.

1 is a perspective view of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to Embodiment 1 of a DC outlet of the present invention. 3 is a circuit diagram of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 4 is a time chart showing the operating state of the power MOSFET from when the DC plug is inserted into the DC outlet according to Embodiment 1 until it is pulled out. It is a perspective view of the DC outlet及 beauty DC plug according to a second embodiment of the DC outlet of the present invention. 6 is a circuit diagram of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 10 is a time chart showing the operating states of the MOSFET and the power MOSFET from when the DC plug is inserted into the DC outlet according to the second embodiment to when it is pulled out. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to a third embodiment. 6 is a circuit diagram of a DC outlet and a DC plug according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 10 is a time chart showing an operating state of a power MOSFET from when a DC plug is inserted into a DC outlet according to Embodiment 3 to when it is pulled out. It is a circuit diagram of the AC-DC conversion outlet for converting AC power concerning application example 1 into DC power. It is a circuit diagram of the AC-DC conversion outlet for converting AC power concerning application example 2 into DC power. It is a figure explaining the structure of the conventional DC outlet.

Explanation of symbols

Q1 Power MOSFET
Q2 MOSFET
C Capacitor D Drain G Gate S Source DP DC power supply SW Push switch SW1 Plug switch SWa First push switch SWb Second push switch L1, L2, L11, L12, L21, L22 Wire L31, L32, L33, L34 Wire R1 , R2, R3, R4, R Resistance 1,11,21 DC outlet 5,16,28 DC plug

Claims (9)

A DC outlet for supplying DC power,
While interposing a semiconductor switch in the middle of the wire for supplying DC power, the source of the semiconductor switch is connected to the power supply side, the drain is connected to the contact side,
A connection point between the first resistor and the second resistor is connected to the gate of the semiconductor switch and the source of the semiconductor switch, respectively, and an open / close switch is connected between the connection point of each resistor and the source of the semiconductor switch. Intervening,
The open / close switch is applied from a state in which the voltage divided by the first resistor and the second resistor can be applied to the gate of the semiconductor switch by opening the plug into a DC outlet. It becomes a state, and it can be applied from the state in which the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor is applied to the gate of the semiconductor switch by opening the plug by removing the plug from the DC outlet. A DC outlet characterized by being configured to be in a state.   The DC outlet according to claim 1, further comprising a capacitor between a gate and a source of the semiconductor switch.   3. The third resistor according to claim 1, wherein a third resistor is further provided in series with the open / close switch between a connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor and a source of the semiconductor switch. DC outlet. A DC outlet for supplying DC power,
The first semiconductor switch is interposed in the middle of the electric wire supplying DC power, the source of the first semiconductor switch is connected to the power supply side, and the drain of the first semiconductor switch is connected to the contact side.
A connection point of a first resistor and a second resistor is connected to the gate of the first semiconductor switch and the source of the first semiconductor switch, and the connection point of each resistor and the source of the first semiconductor switch. With a second semiconductor switch between
The drain of the second semiconductor switch is connected to the connection point side of the first resistor and the second resistor, and the source of the second semiconductor switch is connected to the source side of the first semiconductor switch,
Furthermore, the connection point between the third resistor and the fourth resistor is connected to the gate of the second semiconductor switch, and the connection point between the third resistor and the fourth resistor and the source of the second semiconductor switch. An open / close switch is installed between
The open / close switch is opened to closed by inserting a plug into a DC outlet, and can be applied from a state in which the voltage divided by the third resistor and the fourth resistor is applied to the gate of the second semiconductor switch. A state in which the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor is applied from a state where it can be applied to the gate of the first semiconductor switch,
When the plug is removed from the direct current outlet, the closed state is opened and the divided voltage of the third resistor and the fourth resistor is applied from the state where the voltage can be applied to the gate of the second semiconductor switch. A DC outlet configured to be able to be applied from a state in which the divided voltage of the first resistor and the second resistor is applied to the gate of the first semiconductor switch.   5. The DC outlet according to claim 4, further comprising a capacitor between a gate and a source of the first semiconductor switch.   The fifth resistor is further provided in series with the second semiconductor switch between a connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor and a source of the first semiconductor switch. DC outlet according to 4 or 5. A DC outlet for supplying DC power,
A first resistor and a second resistor are connected to the second electric wire from the first electric wire for supplying DC power via the first opening / closing switch,
A semiconductor switch is interposed in the middle of the second electric wire, the source of the semiconductor switch is connected to the power supply side, and the drain is connected to the contact side.
A connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor is connected to the gate of the semiconductor switch and the source of the semiconductor switch, respectively, and a second point is connected between the connection point of each resistor and the source of the semiconductor switch. With an open / close switch
The insertion of the plug into the DC outlet, after the state in which the first resistor and the divided voltage of the second resistor and the closed first close switch from the open can be applied to the semiconductor switch, the second on-off The switch is opened from the closed state, and the voltage divided by the first resistor and the second resistor is applied to the semiconductor switch .
The removal of the plug from the DC outlet, from the ready for application from the state in which the first resistor and the divided voltage of the second resistor from the opening of the second on-off switch in the closed is applied to the power MOSFET , DC outlet, characterized in that the first on-off switch arranged to from a closed to an open.   The DC outlet according to claim 7, further comprising a capacitor between a gate and a source of the semiconductor switch.   9. The DC outlet according to claim 7, further comprising a third resistor provided between the second open / close switch and the source of the semiconductor switch.

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