JP4377875B2 - Wireless communication apparatus and method for determining necessity of relay of wireless communication apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wireless communication apparatus that is particularly applicable to a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) and a relay necessity determination method for the wireless communication apparatus.

  In recent years, wireless LAN has become widespread and has been used not only at companies and universities but also at home. Wireless LANs are also being used for information appliances such as flat TVs and hard disk recorders. For example, by making the television panel and the television tuner wireless, the television panel can be carried to another room for viewing.

  When using a wireless LAN at home, a network is often formed by installing one access point. And since the terminal is often used in each room, ensure a certain communication quality between the access point and the terminal, and depending on the room where the terminal is used, the communication distance between the access point and the terminal It was a problem to extend this. In order to solve this problem, there is a method in which an external antenna is additionally extended to the terminal. However, the extension using the external antenna impairs the portability of the terminal, and is not preferable from an aesthetic point of view.

Therefore, as a method that does not use an external antenna, a method of installing a relay device and constructing a terminal-relay device-access point network is conceivable (for example, see Patent Document 1). This document proposes a system for communicating with an access point via a relayable terminal that is first discovered by a terminal that cannot directly communicate with the access point.
JP2003-349937A (FIGS. 1 and 8)

  However, Patent Document 1 described above considers the case where the terminal always communicates with the access point via the relay terminal, but communicates with the access point via the relay terminal or directly communicates. Judgment of whether to do is not considered. Depending on where the terminal is used, it may be better to communicate directly with the access point without going through a relay terminal. For this reason, the terminal is required to appropriately and easily determine whether to use a relay terminal or perform direct communication.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to appropriately and easily determine whether to communicate with an access point via a relay terminal or to perform direct communication without via a relay terminal. An object is to provide a wireless communication device.

  In order to achieve the above object, a wireless communication apparatus of the present invention includes a base station search request frame transmission unit that transmits a base station search request frame, and one or more radio base stations in response to the base station search request frame. And a base station search response frame receiving unit that receives a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more wireless devices having a relay function, and each base station search response frame received by the base station search response frame receiving unit A reception quality measurement unit for measuring reception quality; a reception quality of a base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function, measured by the reception quality measurement unit; and a base station transmitted by the radio base station Based on the reception quality of the search response frame, a relay necessity determination is made to determine whether to communicate with the radio base station by relaying the radio apparatus that has transmitted the base station search response frame. Characterized in that a part.

  The wireless communication device relay necessity determination method of the present invention includes a first step of transmitting a base station search request frame, one or more radio base stations and a relay function in response to the base station search request frame. A second step of receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more wireless devices comprising: a third step of measuring reception quality of each base station search response frame received in the second step And the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function and the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station, measured in the third step. And a fourth step of determining whether to communicate with the wireless base station by relaying the wireless device that has transmitted the base station search response frame.

  According to the wireless communication apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to appropriately and easily determine whether to communicate with an access point via a relay terminal or to communicate directly without going through a relay terminal.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an example of the overall configuration of a wireless system in which the wireless communication apparatus of the present invention is used. In this system, three terminals (STA12, STA13, STA14) are wirelessly connected to one access point AP10 that is a wireless base station. The AP 10 is connected to the backbone network. The terminal STA11 is a wireless communication apparatus according to the present invention, and desires connection with the AP10. The STA 12 and the STA 13 are terminals having a relay function, can communicate with the STA 11, and have a function of transferring a signal transmitted from the STA 11 to the AP 10 and transferring a signal from the AP 10 to the STA 11.

  FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the terminal STA11. The STA 11 includes a Probe Request transmission unit 21 that transmits an AP search request frame (Probe Request), a Probe Response reception unit 22 that receives an AP search response frame (Probe Response) transmitted from the AP 10, the STA 12, and the STA 13 in response to the AP search request frame, and a Probe Response. Based on the measurement results in the reception quality measurement unit 23 and the reception quality measurement unit 23 that measure the reception quality of each ProbeResponse received by the reception unit 22, either directly communicate with the AP 10 or do not directly communicate with the AP 10 A relay necessity / unnecessity determining unit 24 is provided for determining whether to perform communication via the relay. The relay necessity determination unit 24 is attached with a data holding unit 25 that holds a table indicating a relationship between reception quality and transmission speed, which is data necessary for relay necessity determination.

  In the configuration described above, the operation of the STA 11 will be described below. First, an operation in which the STA 11 searches for an access point and a wireless terminal that can be relayed will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram showing how frames are exchanged when the STA 11 searches for an access point and a relay terminal. It is assumed that the SSID (Service Set Identifier) of the BSS (Basic Service Set) formed by the AP 10 is “SSID1”, and the wireless terminal connected to the AP 10 has the SSID set to SSID1.

  The STA 11 requesting connection with the AP 10 transmits an AP search request frame (ProbeRequest) 31 in which the SSID is set to “SSID1” from the ProbeRequest transmission unit 21. The wireless terminals STA12 and STA13 having the relay function and the AP 10 that has received the Probe Request 31 transmit AP search response frames (Probe Response) 32 to 34. The probe response receiving unit 22 receives the probe responses 32-34. Note that the wireless terminal STA 14 that does not have the relay function does not transmit an AP search response frame even if the AP search request frame 31 can be received.

  In the wireless LAN standard (IEEE 802.11), there are three address fields of a ProbeResponse frame, and a “destination terminal address”, “source terminal address”, and “BSSID identifier” are added. The destination terminal addresses of the probe response frames 32-34 transmitted by the AP 10, STA 12, and STA 13 are the MAC addresses of the STA 11, and the source terminal addresses are the addresses of the AP 10, STA 12, and STA 13, respectively. However, since the BSSID identifier describes the MAC address of the AP 10 that forms the BSS, the BSSID identifiers of the probe response frames 32 to 34 transmitted by the AP 10, the STA 12, and the STA 13 are all the MAC addresses of the AP 10. Therefore, the STA 11 determines that the Probe Response frame 32 is transmitted by the AP 10 when the BSSID identifier matches the transmission source terminal address. On the other hand, if the BSSID identifier and the source terminal address do not match, it is determined that the probe response 33 or 34 is transmitted by a wireless terminal other than the AP 10. This determination is made by the ProbeResponse receiver 22.

  The probe response receiving unit 22 can identify other access points other than the AP 10 to which the wireless terminal is connected by comparing the BSSID identifiers of the probe responses 32 to 34. Therefore, the BSS is formed by a plurality of access points. If the same SSID is used, the probe response is processed by grouping for each access point. Specifically, when there are two access points, AP10a and AP10b, the STA11 transmits the probe response (PR_AP10a) transmitted by the AP10a, the probe response (STA_AP10a) transmitted by the relay terminal STA_AP10a connected to the AP10a, and the AP10b transmits In the case where four probe responses of the probe response (STA_AP 10b) transmitted by the relay terminal connected to the probe response (PR_AP 10b) and the AP 10b are received, when connecting to the AP 10a, the probe response (PR_AP 10a) and the probe response (STA_AP 10) are used. Determine whether direct communication or relay communication. That is, when determining whether the communication is direct communication with the AP 10a or communication using the relay, the Probe Response (PR_AP 10b) and the Probe Response (STA_AP 10b) are not included.

  The above method is a method for determining whether a probe response transmitted by an access point or a probe response transmitted by a wireless terminal having a relay function is used by using an address compliant with the IEEE 802.11 standard. This may be realized by newly providing an identification field indicating the transmission source.

  Next, processing of the STA 11 that has received the Probe Response will be described.

  The reception quality measurement unit 23 of the STA 11 measures the reception quality of the received ProbeResponse 32, ProbeResponse 33, and ProbeResponse 34, respectively. Examples of reception quality include reception signal strength, reception signal power-to-noise power ratio, reception signal-to-interference power ratio, and EVM (Error Vector Magnitude) indicating the modulation quality of the reception signal. When an error correction code is used for communication, the number of bits and the number of symbols corrected by error correction can be used. Further, when transmission / reception of ProbeRequest and ProbeResponse is repeated, the frame error rate can be used.

  The relay necessity determination unit 24 does not directly compare the probe response reception quality, distinguishes the probe response 32 transmitted by the AP 10 from the probe response 33 and 34 transmitted by the STA 12 and STA 13, and adds a predetermined offset value to one reception quality. And compare. For example, in the case of IEEE802.11a, eight types of transmission speeds of 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54 [Mbps] are supported. When the wireless environment is good, high-speed communication such as 54 Mbps is possible, and when the wireless environment is not very good, the transmission speed is low such as 6 Mbps. That is, the communication quality that can be actually used varies depending on the wireless environment. However, when considering the relay function, even if the communication quality between the STA 11 and the STA 12 is very good and 54 Mbps communication is possible, the data transmitted by the STA 11 is transferred to the AP 10 via the STA 12. , The transmission speed between the STA 12 and the AP 10 is affected. Therefore, when communication at 48 Mbps (communication quality is worse than between the STA 11 and the relay terminal) is possible when the STA 11 directly communicates with the AP 10, the direct communication with the AP 10 is the overall communication. Efficiency increases. That is, in the case of relay, since the transfer is two hops, it is not an appropriate judgment based on the result of directly comparing the communication quality between the STA 11 and the AP 10 and the communication quality between the STA 11 and the STA 12. Therefore, the relay necessity determination unit 24 calculates the transmission rate based on the communication quality of the received Probe Response, and determines that there is a corresponding difference in the transmission rate, the AP 10 and the AP 10 via the terminal having the relay function. Judge to connect.

  FIG. 4 shows a correspondence table of the relationship between received signal strength and transmission speed. This correspondence table is held in the data holding unit 25. The relay necessity determination unit 24 estimates the transmission rates with the AP 10, the STA 12, and the STA 13 from the measurement result of the received signal strength of Probe Response using the correspondence table as shown in FIG. For example, if the received signal strength is −68 dBm, it is determined that 36 Mbps communication is possible. Here, the relationship between the received signal strength and the transmission speed is shown as an example, but other evaluation indexes such as a received signal power-to-noise power ratio or a combination thereof may be used instead of the received signal strength.

  As described above, the relay necessity determination unit 24 calculates a transmission rate based on the communication quality of the received Probe Response, and determines that there is a corresponding difference in the transmission rate, via a terminal having a relay function. To determine that it is connected to the AP 10. Two cases are shown below.

(1) When the transmission rate between the AP 10 and the relay terminal cannot be recognized When the STA 11 cannot recognize the transmission rate between the AP 10 and the relay terminal (STA 12 or STA 13), the relay necessity determination unit 24 performs transmission between the relay terminal and the AP 10. Assuming that the transmission speed is the same as that between the STA 11 and the relay terminal, the transmission time between the STA 11 and the AP 10 is compared with the transmission time when the STA 11 communicates with the AP 10 via the relay terminal. Judge whether to do. For example, if the transmission rate between the STA 11 and the relay terminal is 48 Mbps, assuming that the transmission rate between the relay terminal and the AP 10 is 48 Mbps, the approximate value T1 of the transmission time for transmitting T [Mbit] data is T1 = T / 48 + T / 48. On the other hand, if the transmission rate between the AP 10 and the STA 11 is 36 [Mbps], the approximate transmission time T2 for transmitting T [Mbit] data is T2 = T / 36. Since 2 × T / 48> T / 36, the relay necessity determination unit 24 determines to perform direct communication with the AP 10. In addition, although the example which directly compared the transmission time was shown here, when transferring via a relay terminal, the processing time for transfer (for example, the bridge processing time and the access processing time in a relay terminal) is required Therefore, if T1 + Tx and T2 are compared in consideration of the time (Tx), it becomes possible to make a more accurate determination.

  Furthermore, when the communication quality between the STA 11 and the AP 10 is poor, the communication quality between the AP 10 and the relay terminal that can communicate with the STA 11 is often worse. And a transmission rate N rank lower than the transmission rate between the STA 11 and the STA 11. A specific example when N = 1 will be described. When the transmission rate between the STA 11 and the relay terminal is 48 Mbps, the transmission rate between the relay terminal and the AP 10 is regarded as 36 Mbps. Similarly, if N = 2, the transmission speed between the relay apparatus and the AP is assumed to be 24 Mbps. By doing so, the transmission rate estimation between the AP 10 and the relay terminal can be made more accurate.

(2) When the transmission rate between the AP 10 and the relay terminal can be recognized When the STA 11 can recognize the transmission rate between the AP 10 and the relay terminal by some method, the relay necessity determination unit 24 determines the transmission rate and the relay between the relay terminal and the AP 10. The transmission time when relaying is calculated from the transmission speed between the terminal and the STA 11 and compared with the transmission time calculated from the transmission speed between the STA 11 and the AP 10 to determine whether or not to relay. For example, if the transmission rate between the STA 11 and the relay terminal is 48 Mbps and the transmission rate between the relay terminal and the AP 10 is 36 Mbps, the approximate value T1 of the transmission time for transmitting T [Mbit] data is T1 = T / 48 + T / 36. On the other hand, if the transmission rate between the AP 10 and the STA 11 is 24 [Mbps], the approximate value T2 of the transmission time for transmitting T [Mbit] data is T2 = T / 24. Since T / 48 + T / 36> T / 24, the relay necessity determination unit 24 determines to directly communicate with the AP 10. In addition, although the example which directly compared the transmission time was shown here, like (1) mentioned above, when transferring via a relay terminal, the processing time for transfer (for example, bridge processing time, a relay apparatus, etc.) Therefore, when T1 + Tx and T2 are compared in consideration of the time (Tx), the determination can be made with higher accuracy.

  An embodiment in which a probe response is transmitted from a wireless terminal (STA 12 or STA 13) having a relay function to further improve the relay necessity determination accuracy in the relay necessity determination unit 24 will be described with reference to FIG. . Note that the basic processing is the same even when there are a plurality of wireless terminals having a relay function. Therefore, for simplicity, a case where the wireless terminal having the relay function is the STA 12 will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing how frames are exchanged among AP10, STA12, and STA11. In FIG. 5, the transmission rate (support rate) supported by the AP 10 is R1, R2,... Rn [Mbps], and the transmission rate actually used with the STA 12 is Rk [Mbps]. It is said. The ProbeRequest transmission unit 21 of the STA 11 transmits a ProbeRequest 31. The STA 12 transmits a Probe Response 33 in which the destination terminal address is the MAC address of the STA 11, the BSSID identifier is the MAC address of the AP 10, and the source terminal address is the STA 12. In the IEEE 802.11 standard, the transmission rate (support rate) supported by the terminal is further notified as other information included in the probe response. Specifically, a value (Rate Set) such as 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 [Mbps] is notified.

  In the present embodiment, the maximum speed Rk of the support rate notified here is the rate used by the STA 12 for communication with the AP 10. For example, when the STA 12 communicates with the AP 10 at 36 [Mbps] (Rk = 36), the RateSet notified by the ProbeResponse 33 is set to 6, 9, 12, 24, 36 [Mbps]. As a result, the STA 11 can determine that the communicable speed between the AP 10 and the relay terminal is 36 [Mbps]. As a result, the transmission time when the relay necessity determination unit 24 of the STA 11 communicates with the AP 10 via the relay terminal can be calculated almost accurately, so that it is possible to more appropriately determine whether or not to relay. Further, it is not necessary to measure the reception quality of ProbeResponse in the quality measuring unit 23.

  By the way, the transmission speed between the AP 10 and the relay terminal STA12 may change with the movement of the relay terminal STA12 itself or the change of the radio wave environment. Therefore, the relay terminal STA12 needs to correctly notify the STA11 of the transmission rate that can be used at this time. In the present embodiment, the relay terminal STA12 determines that the transmission rate Rk [Mbps] of the last data frame that has successfully communicated with the AP 10 is the highest rate with the AP 10, and notifies the STA 11 of it. Here, in the case of the IEEE 802.11 standard, the data frame is limited by the transmission rate of the frame transmitted by the communication partner, and the management frame is established in order to establish stable communication. Since a low transmission rate is generally selected, a data frame transmission rate that allows appropriate rate control based on the judgment of the relay terminal is used. In the case of a wireless communication device that conforms to a standard other than the IEEE 802.11 standard, the maximum rate with the AP 10 may be determined using a transmission rate other than a data frame as long as the above concept is met. Further, a fixed measurement period may be provided, and the minimum value or average value of the transmission rate of the data frame that can be correctly transmitted within the measurement period may be notified as the maximum rate with the AP 10. When the lowest value is used, the STA 11 can know a more stable transmission rate between the AP 10 and the relay terminal. Further, the reception power of base station broadcast information (Beacon) received from the AP 10 received by the relay terminal may be obtained and the result may be notified to the STA 11. In this case, the STA 11 estimates the transmission speed and transmission time between the relay terminal and the AP 10.

  A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram showing how frames are exchanged among AP 10, STA 12, and STA 11, as in FIG. In the third embodiment, the processing after the wireless terminal STA12 having a relay function receives the ProbeRequest 31 transmitted by the STA11 and transmits the ProbeResponse32 is devised. In the present embodiment, the relay terminal (STA 12) that has transmitted the Probe Response 33 transmits the Beacon frames 35-1, 35-2,... 35-n for a predetermined period.

  The transmission start timing of Beacon 35-1 to be transmitted first is after the probe response 33 is transmitted and the random time has elapsed, or after the predetermined time + random time has elapsed, and thereafter, the beacon 35 is transmitted at a constant cycle. The transmission cycle of the Beacon 35 does not need to be the same as the cycle of the Beacon transmission of the AP 10, and it is preferable that the transmission is performed with a cycle sufficient for the STA 11 to measure the communication quality between the STA 11 and the relay terminal as described later. The Beacon transmission period is also a period sufficient for the STA 11 to measure the communication quality between the STA 11 and the relay terminal. The start of Beacon transmission is delayed for a random time in order to reduce collisions with ProbeResponse and Beacon transmissions from wireless terminals having other relay functions.

  The RateSet included in the Beacon 35 is set to all transmission rates supported by the relay terminal STA12. For example, it is assumed that 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, 54 [Mbps]. The relay necessity determination unit 24 of the STA 11 estimates a transmission rate that can be used between the STA 11 and the relay terminal STA 12 based on the reception quality of the Beacon 35 and the RateSet included in the Beacon 35. In the first embodiment, the communication quality between the STA 11 and the relay terminal STA 12 is measured using the reception quality of the Probe Response 33. However, by using the reception quality of the Beacon 35 transmitted during a certain period as in the present embodiment. Since the accuracy of reception quality measurement is further improved, it is possible to determine whether or not relaying is more appropriate. Also, beacon transmission can be performed only when there is a terminal that may relay by performing the beacon transmission after a predetermined time has elapsed after the probe response 33 is transmitted without the relay terminal STA12 always performing the beacon transmission. Thus, it is possible to reduce unnecessary traffic on the network and to reduce power consumption of the relay terminal.

  In the second and third embodiments described above, the highest value of RateSet of ProbeResponse 33 transmitted from the relay terminal STA12 is set to the transmission rate used for communication between the AP 10 and the relay terminal STA12, and the Beacon 35 transmitted from the relay terminal STA12 is transmitted. In the example, RateSet is an example of all supported transmission rates. In the fourth embodiment, the RateSet of the ProbeResponse 33 transmitted by the relay terminal STA12 is set to all supported transmission rates, and the maximum value of the RateSet of the Beacon 35 transmitted by the relay terminal STA12 is set as the communication between the AP 10 and the relay terminal STA12. The transmission rate used in This method is effective when the change in the transmission rate between the AP 10 and the relay terminal STA12 is large. This is because even if the transmission rate between the AP 10 and the relay terminal STA12 is changed during the period when the relay terminal STA12 is transmitting the Beacon 35, the result can be notified to the STA10 through the Beacon transmission of the relay terminal STA12. Because. As a result, the STA 10 can determine whether or not relaying is necessary in accordance with the changed transmission speed between the AP 10 and the relay terminal STA12, and thus can determine whether or not it is more appropriate.

  The fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the STA 11 connected to the AP 10 via the relay terminal STA 12 receives the base station information notification frame (Beacon) 71 that the AP 10 periodically transmits. Then, the reception quality of the received Beacon 71 and the quality of the communication 70 between the STA 12 are compared, and if the difference is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, the STA 11 switches to direct communication with the AP 10. . The reception quality measuring unit 23 may perform the communication quality between the Beacon 71 reception quality and the STA 12. The comparison between the two and the determination as to whether or not relaying is necessary are performed by the relay necessity / unnecessity determination unit 24.

  For example, when the communication quality of the communication 70 between the STA 11 and the relay terminal STA 12 is deteriorated, or conversely, when the communication quality between the STA 11 and the AP 10 is improved, the direct communication is determined to have better communication efficiency, and the relay The necessity determining unit 24 performs processing for switching from relay to direct communication. The quality of the communication 70 between the relay terminals STA12 and STA11 may be determined based on the result of the current data transmission, or the relay used when it is determined to perform communication via the relay terminal STA12. You may use the reception quality result (past result) of ProbeResponse33 and Beacon35 from terminal STA12. In this case, simplification of processing is expected.

  According to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize optimal communication path selection according to changes in the communication environment. Further, when the relay necessity determination is made once the communication is started, an additional offset can prevent frequent switching between relay transmission and direct transmission. Specifically, when transmitting via a relay terminal, Tx when estimating the transmission time is set to a smaller value, and when transmitting via direct communication, Tx is set to a larger value. To do. This makes it easy to maintain relay transmission when relay transmission is performed, and conversely facilitates maintenance of direct transmission when direct communication is performed. Therefore, relay transmission and direct transmission are performed more frequently than necessary. It is possible to prevent switching.

  A modification of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, when the STA 11 connected to the AP 10 via the relay terminal STA 12 receives the Beacon 71 periodically transmitted by the AP 10, the reception quality measuring unit 23 measures the reception quality. To do. Then, the relay necessity determination unit 24 performs the relay necessity determination shown in the first embodiment, and if the initial relay determination is not satisfied and it is determined that the relay is not necessary, the ProbeRequest transmission unit 21 sends the ProbeRequest signal 72 again. Send. Then, the ProbeResponse receiver 22 receives the ProbeResponses 73 and 74 from the AP 10 and the relay terminal STA12. Then, the reception quality measurement of Probe Response as shown in the first embodiment is performed again by the reception quality measurement unit 23, and it is necessary to relay whether to continue communication with the relay terminal STA12 or to switch to direct communication with the AP 10. The determination unit 24 determines again. In this case as well, the selection criterion may be offset to prevent frequent switching between relay transmission and direct transmission. As another method for obtaining a similar effect, switching between transmission paths may be prohibited for a certain period after determining either relay transmission or direct transmission.

  With the method described in the above-described embodiment, the STA 11 determines whether the relay terminal STA 12 is connected to the AP 10 or directly connected to the AP 10 and then starts actual communication. An actual communication method is not limited to the present invention, but an example will be described below. The STA 11 associates with the AP 10 even when it is via a relay terminal. Specifically, the destination address of the association frame is transmitted as a relay terminal, the transmission source address is transmitted from the local station, and the BSSID is transmitted as the MAC address of the AP 10. Receiving this, the relay terminal STA12 looks at the MAC address of the AP 10 described in the BSSID field, and determines that the frame is a frame to be transferred to the AP 10. When the relay terminal STA12 transfers a frame to the AP 10, the relay terminal STA12 transfers the frame using the inter-AP communication function. Specifically, the destination address (Destination Address) is transferred as AP10, the received address (Receiving Address) is transferred as AP10, the source address (Source Address) is transferred as STA11, and the sender address (Transmitting Address) is transferred as relay terminal STA12. Since the STA 11 associates with the AP 10 in this way, the STA 11 does not need to perform a special procedure when directly communicating with the AP 10 without using the relay terminal STA 12, so that smooth switching is possible. For example, it is only necessary to switch the destination address of the transmission frame to AP10. Then, the AP 10 determines whether the data from the STA 11 is transmitted by inter-AP communication via the relay terminal STA12 or directly received from the STA 11, and the data addressed to the STA 11 is determined according to the result. It is only necessary to switch between transmission via AP communication or direct communication.

  Hereinafter, a determination method when the STA1 switches from relay transmission to direct communication or from direct communication to relay transmission will be described.

  The sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the STA 11 determined to communicate directly with the AP 10 without going through the relay terminal deteriorates the communication quality during the communication with the AP 10, and as a result, a condition based on the communication quality with the relay terminal measured in the past. If it is determined that communication efficiency is higher when communication via the relay terminal is not satisfied, the terminal STA11 switches to communication via the relay terminal.

  When the communication quality has deteriorated during communication with the AP 10 without communicating via the relay terminal, the STA 11 transmits the Probe Request signal 91 again and receives the Probe Response when the communication quality deteriorates during the communication with the AP 10. The unit 22 receives the probe responses 92 and 93 from the AP 10 and the relay terminal STA12. Then, the reception quality measurement as shown in the first embodiment is performed, and it is determined whether to continue communication with the relay terminal STA12 or to switch to direct communication with the AP10. In this case as well, the selection criterion may be offset to prevent frequent switching between relay transmission and direct transmission, as described above. Further, as a method for determining that the communication quality has deteriorated during communication with the AP 10, it may be determined that the communication quality has deteriorated when the condition based on the communication quality with the relay terminal measured in the past is not satisfied. Simply, when the communication quality with the current AP 10 is deteriorated more than the communication quality with the AP 10 measured in the past, it may be determined that the communication quality is deteriorated.

  As another method, the communication between the STA 11 and the AP 10 is performed at one or more predetermined transmission speeds (for example, 54 Mbps, 48 Mbps, and 36 Mbps among the highest rates supported by the AP 10 or the rates supported by the AP 10. ), A ProbeRequest may be periodically transmitted to check whether communication quality with the relay terminal has improved. This method originally cannot communicate directly with the AP 10 at high speed, and the communication quality between the STA1 and the relay terminal STA12 is not good at that time, but the communication quality between the STA1 and the relay terminal STA12 is improved later. This is an effective method.

  In the IEEE802.11 standard, band reservation information is added and transmitted when a radio frame is transmitted. For example, when the AP 10 wishes to communicate with the STA 14 (see FIG. 1), band reservation information is added to the frame to be transmitted. And terminals other than AP10 and STA14 suppress frame transmission during the reserved period. Thereby, frame collision can be reduced and communication efficiency has been improved. However, since a network that performs relaying is a network corresponding to a wireless terminal that cannot communicate with the AP 10 in the first place, frame collision often does not occur between the wireless terminal and the AP 10. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the AP 10 to which the relay terminal STA12 receives a band reservation signal for communicating with a wireless terminal other than its own station, the relay terminal STA12 communicates with the wireless terminal STA11 that needs to relay during the reservation period Send a signal to allow transmission. More specifically, the relay terminal STA12 transmits a polling frame to the STA11. Then, the STA 11 that has received the polling frame performs data transmission only during the permitted period. As a result, it is possible to improve communication efficiency in the relaying network.

  The eighth embodiment is characterized in that when the relay terminal described so far transmits a base station search response frame, it always transmits using a non-directional antenna (not shown). The relay function was intended to enable the wireless terminal STA11 that cannot directly communicate with the AP 10 to communicate with the AP 10, so that antenna directivity in the direction opposite to the AP 10 was effective in improving communication quality. However, by using the omnidirectional antenna, not only the wireless terminal STA11 that cannot directly communicate with the AP 10, but also the wireless terminal that can communicate directly with the AP 10 but has poor communication quality is connected via the wireless terminal having the relay function. It becomes possible to connect with AP10.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above. However, in the present invention, the number of wireless terminals connected to the access point and the number of wireless terminals having a relay function do not limit the present invention. Further, the wireless terminal having the relay function may be a relay dedicated device, or may be a wireless terminal that itself communicates with the access point. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

The figure which shows the example of whole structure of the radio | wireless system by which the radio | wireless communication apparatus of this invention is used. The functional block diagram of radio | wireless communication apparatus STA11 of this invention. The sequence diagram which shows the mode of the frame exchange when radio | wireless communication apparatus STA11 searches for an access point and a relay terminal. The correspondence table showing the relationship between received signal strength and transmission speed. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the second embodiment, and is a sequence diagram showing a state of frame exchange among the access point AP10, the relay terminal STA12, and the wireless communication device STA11. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the third embodiment, and is a sequence diagram illustrating a state of frame exchange among the access point AP10, the relay terminal STA12, and the wireless communication device STA11. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the fifth embodiment, and is a sequence diagram illustrating a state of frame exchange among the access point AP10, the relay terminal STA12, and the wireless communication device STA11. The sequence diagram for demonstrating the modification of 5th Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating 6th Embodiment, Comprising: The sequence diagram which shows the mode of the frame exchange between access point AP10, relay terminal STA12, and radio | wireless communication apparatus STA11.

Explanation of symbols

10 ... Access point (AP)
11: Wireless communication device (STA)
12, 13 ... Wireless terminal (STA) with relay function
21... Probe Request transmission unit 22... Probe Response reception unit 23... Reception quality measurement unit 24 .. relay necessity determination unit 25.

Claims (18)

A base station search request frame transmission unit for transmitting a base station search request frame;
In response to the base station search request frame, and one or more radio base stations and base station search response frame receiving unit for one or more wireless device having a relay function receives a base station search response frame transmitted,
A reception quality measurement unit that measures the reception quality of each base station search response frame received by the base station search response frame reception unit;
Of the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted from the one radio base station and the base station search response frame transmitted from the radio device having the relay function , measured by the reception quality measurement unit , A wireless device that has transmitted the base station search response frame based on the reception quality of the base station search response frame in which the same base station identifier is described as the base station search response frame transmitted from the one radio base station A wireless communication apparatus comprising: a relay necessity determination unit that determines whether to relay and communicate with a wireless base station. A base station search request frame transmission unit for transmitting a base station search request frame;
A base station search response frame receiving unit for receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more radio base stations and one or more radio apparatuses having a relay function in response to the base station search request frame;
A reception quality measurement unit that measures the reception quality of each base station search response frame received by the base station search response frame reception unit;
Based on the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function and the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station, measured by the reception quality measurement unit, A relay necessity determination unit that determines whether to communicate with a radio base station by relaying the radio device that has transmitted the base station search response frame;
With
The relay necessity determination unit is configured such that a reception quality of a base station search response frame transmitted by the wireless device having the relay function is a predetermined threshold than a reception quality of a base station search response frame transmitted by the wireless base station. more if there is a difference, radio communications device you characterized in that relay the wireless device determines that communication with the radio base station that has transmitted the base station search response frame. A base station search request frame transmission unit for transmitting a base station search request frame;
A base station search response frame receiving unit for receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more radio base stations and one or more radio apparatuses having a relay function in response to the base station search request frame;
A reception quality measurement unit that measures the reception quality of each base station search response frame received by the base station search response frame reception unit;
Based on the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function and the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station, measured by the reception quality measurement unit, A relay necessity determination unit that determines whether to communicate with a radio base station by relaying the radio device that has transmitted the base station search response frame;
With
The relay necessity determination unit is configured to transmit a signal between the radio base station and the radio apparatus having the relay function estimated from the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function. And the base station search response frame based on the signal transmission time between the wireless device having the relay function and the wireless communication device and the signal transmission time between the wireless base station and the wireless communication device. radio communications device relays the transmitted wireless device you characterized by determining whether to communicate with the radio base station. A base station search request frame transmission unit for transmitting a base station search request frame;
A base station search response frame receiving unit for receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more radio base stations and one or more radio apparatuses having a relay function in response to the base station search request frame;
A reception quality measurement unit that measures the reception quality of each base station search response frame received by the base station search response frame reception unit;
Based on the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function and the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station, measured by the reception quality measurement unit, A relay necessity determination unit that determines whether to communicate with a radio base station by relaying the radio device that has transmitted the base station search response frame;
With
The base station search response frame transmitted from the wireless device having the relay function is added with support rate information that is information on usable transmission speed, and the maximum rate in the support rate information is set to the relay function. radio communications device you characterized in that the in that the transmission rate used in communication between the wireless device the wireless base station equipped with. A base station search request frame transmission unit for transmitting a base station search request frame;
A base station search response frame receiving unit for receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more radio base stations and one or more radio apparatuses having a relay function in response to the base station search request frame;
A reception quality measurement unit that measures the reception quality of each base station search response frame received by the base station search response frame reception unit;
Based on the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function and the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station, measured by the reception quality measurement unit, A relay necessity determination unit that determines whether to communicate with a radio base station by relaying the radio device that has transmitted the base station search response frame;
The base station search response frame receiving unit further receives base station broadcast information transmitted from a wireless device having the relay function that has received the base station search request frame,
The reception quality measurement unit further measures the reception quality of the received base station broadcast information,
The relay necessity determination unit further determines whether to communicate with the radio base station by relaying the radio apparatus that has transmitted the base station search response frame based on the measured reception quality of the base station broadcast information. radio communications device characterized by. 6. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the transmission start timing of the base station broadcast information by the wireless apparatus having the relay function is after a lapse of a random time since the transmission of the base station search response frame. . The base station broadcast information includes support rate information, which is information on usable transmission speeds, and the maximum rate in the support rate information is determined by the radio apparatus having the relay function with the radio base station. 6. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a transmission speed used for communication between the wireless communication apparatuses is set. The base station search response frame receiving unit further receives base station broadcast information transmitted from the radio base station, and the reception quality measurement unit performs the relay function in response to reception of the base station broadcast information. The communication quality with the wireless device provided and the communication quality with the wireless base station are measured, and the relay necessity determining unit further communicates with the wireless device with the relay function and the communication with the wireless base station. comparing the quality, based on the comparison result, according to claim 1 to claim 5, characterized in that performing the process of switching to the direct communication with the wireless base station from communicating with the wireless device having the relay function The wireless communication device according to any one of the above. The base station search response frame receiving unit further includes a base station transmitted from the radio base station when the radio communication device relays the radio device having the relay function to communicate with the radio base station. Receiving broadcast information, the reception quality measurement unit, in response to reception of the base station broadcast information, to measure the communication quality with the wireless device having the relay function and the communication quality with the wireless base station, The relay necessity determination unit further compares the communication quality with the wireless device having the relay function and the communication quality with the radio base station, and the relay necessity determination unit has the wireless with the relay function. When it is determined that the difference between the communication quality with the apparatus and the communication quality with the radio base station is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, the base station search request frame transmission unit transmits the base station search request frame again. That The wireless communication apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and symptoms. The base station search response frame receiving unit further receives the base station broadcast information transmitted from the radio base station when the radio communication apparatus is directly communicating with the radio base station, and the reception quality measurement unit Measures the communication quality with the radio apparatus having the relay function and the communication quality with the radio base station in response to the reception of the base station broadcast information, and the relay necessity determination unit Between the communication quality with the wireless device provided with the wireless base station and the communication quality with the wireless base station, and in the relay necessity determination unit, the communication quality between the wireless device provided with the relay function and the wireless base station If the difference between the communication quality is determined to be less than a predetermined threshold, the base station search request frame transmitting section claims 1 to 5 and transmits the base station search request frame again One of The wireless communication apparatus according to claim. When the wireless device having the relay function receives a band reservation signal for communication with a wireless device other than the wireless device transmitted by the wireless base station, a signal that permits transmission within the reservation period, the wireless communication apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it receives from the wireless device having the relay function.   A wireless communication device that relays communication between a wireless device and a wireless base station,
  Receiving means for receiving a base station search request frame from the wireless device;
  A transmission means for transmitting a base station search response frame to the wireless device in response to the base station search request frame, and transmitting the base station search response frame to the wireless device after transmitting the base station search response frame;
  The period from receiving the base station search request frame to transmitting the base station broadcast information for the first time includes a random period,
  A wireless communication apparatus characterized in that a period from when the base station broadcast information is first transmitted to when the base station broadcast information is transmitted next is a predetermined period.   A wireless communication device that relays communication between a wireless device and a wireless base station,
  Receiving means for receiving a base station search request frame from the wireless device;
  A transmission means for transmitting a base station search response frame to the wireless device in response to the base station search request frame, and transmitting the base station search response frame to the wireless device after transmitting the base station search response frame;
  In the base station broadcast information, support rate information that is information on usable transmission rates is added,
  The wireless communication apparatus, wherein the transmission means communicates with the wireless base station at a maximum rate among the support rate information. A first step of transmitting a base station search request frame;
A second step of receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more radio base stations and one or more radio apparatuses having a relay function in response to the base station search request frame;
A third step of measuring reception quality of each base station search response frame received in the second step;
Of the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted from one of the radio base stations and the base station search response frame transmitted from the radio apparatus having the relay function , measured in the third step , Relaying the reception quality of the base station search response frame in which the same base station identifier as the base station search response frame transmitted from the one radio base station is described, and the radio apparatus that transmitted the base station search response frame And a fourth step of determining whether or not to communicate with a radio base station.   A first step of transmitting a base station search request frame;
  1 having one or more radio base stations and a relay function in response to the base station search request frame
A second step of receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more wireless devices;
  Measuring the reception quality of each base station search response frame received in the second step;
Steps,
  The base station search transmitted by the wireless device having the relay function, measured in the third step.
Search response frame reception quality and received products of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station
Based on the quality of the wireless base station by relaying the wireless device that transmitted the base station search response frame
A fourth step of determining whether or not to communicate with,
  In the fourth step, the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold than the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station. When there is a difference, it is determined that the wireless device that has transmitted the base station search response frame is relayed to communicate with the wireless base station.   A first step of transmitting a base station search request frame;
  1 having one or more radio base stations and a relay function in response to the base station search request frame
A second step of receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more wireless devices;
  Measuring the reception quality of each base station search response frame received in the second step;
Steps,
  The base station search transmitted by the wireless device having the relay function, measured in the third step.
Search response frame reception quality and received products of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station
Based on the quality of the wireless base station by relaying the wireless device that transmitted the base station search response frame
A fourth step of determining whether or not to communicate with,
  In the fourth step, a signal transmission time between the radio base station and the radio apparatus having the relay function estimated from the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function; The base station search response frame is transmitted based on a signal transmission time between the wireless device having the relay function and the wireless communication device and a signal transmission time between the wireless base station and the wireless communication device. A relay communication necessity determination method for a wireless communication apparatus, wherein the wireless communication apparatus determines whether to communicate with the wireless base station by relaying the wireless apparatus.   A first step of transmitting a base station search request frame;
  1 having one or more radio base stations and a relay function in response to the base station search request frame
A second step of receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more wireless devices;
  Measuring the reception quality of each base station search response frame received in the second step;
Steps,
  The base station search transmitted by the wireless device having the relay function, measured in the third step.
Search response frame reception quality and received products of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station
Based on the quality of the wireless base station by relaying the wireless device that transmitted the base station search response frame
A fourth step of determining whether or not to communicate with,
  The base station search response frame transmitted from the wireless device having the relay function is added with support rate information that is information on usable transmission speed, and the maximum rate in the support rate information is set to the relay function. A method for determining whether or not a relay is necessary for a wireless communication device, characterized in that the wireless device comprising a transmission rate used for communication with the wireless base station is used. A first step of transmitting a base station search request frame;
1 having one or more radio base stations and a relay function in response to the base station search request frame
A second step of receiving a base station search response frame transmitted by one or more wireless devices;
A third step of measuring reception quality of each base station search response frame received in the second step;
A fourth step of receiving base station broadcast information transmitted from a wireless device having the relay function that has received the base station search request frame;
A fifth step of measuring reception quality of the base station broadcast information received in the fourth step;
The reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio apparatus having the relay function, the reception quality of the base station search response frame transmitted by the radio base station, measured in the third step, and the first Determining whether to communicate with the radio base station by relaying the radio device that has transmitted the base station search response frame based on the reception quality of the base station broadcast information measured in step 5; And a relay communication necessity determination method for the wireless communication apparatus.

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