JP4368540B2 - Osteomalacia preventive agent - Google Patents

Description

【００５１】
【表２】

【００５２】
【表３】

【００５３】
【表４】

【００５４】
【表５】

【００５５】
【表６】

【００５６】
＜試験結果＞
〔１〕飼料の摂取量
飼料の摂取量は、各群で大差が見られなかった。
〔２〕体重の変化
表４の体重欄を参照すれば明らかなように、低ミネラル飼料群摂取のラットでは、正常飼料群摂取のラットや、「低ミネラル飼料＋椎茸菌糸体エキス混合飼料群」摂取のラットと比較すると、明らかに体重の増加が劣り、成長障害が認められた。
【００５７】
▲３▼部検
何れの飼料を与えたラット群とも、各臓器の外観に異常は見られなかった。
また、表４の「臓器と湿重量」の項の記載に明らかなように、何れの飼料を与えたラット群とも、各臓器重量に有意差は認められなかった。
▲４▼脛骨の長さ
表５の記載に明らかなように、何れの飼料を与えたラット群とも、脛骨の長さに有意差は認められなかった。
【００５８】
▲５▼骨硬度
表５に明らかなように、正常飼料摂食群のラットに比べて、低ミネラル飼料摂取群のラットの骨硬度は約１／２に減少していた。
また、「低ミネラル飼料＋椎茸菌糸体エキス混合飼料群」のラットでは、低ミネラル飼料摂取群のラットよりも有意に骨硬度は増加していた。
【００５９】
▲６▼骨重量
骨重量は、脱脂後乾燥した状態で求めたところ、低ミネラル飼料群のラットでは、正常飼料群のラットの約２／３倍に減少したが、「低ミネラル飼料＋椎茸菌糸体エキス混合飼料群」のラットでは、ほぼ正常飼料群のラットと同等になった。
【００６０】
また、表６に示すように、脛骨灰化後の骨重量は、低ミネラル飼料群ラットでは正常飼料群のラットの場合の約１／２倍に減少していたが、「低ミネラル飼料＋椎茸菌糸体エキス混合飼料群」のラットでは、有意に正常飼料群の値に回復した。
上記試験結果によれば、正常飼料を摂取させる場合に比して、低ミネラル飼料を摂取させて４週間ラットを飼育すると、明らかに生育の障害のみならず、骨硬度の減少や骨の乾燥重量および灰化重量の減少が起きる。低ミネラル飼料であっても、この低ミネラル飼料と共に椎茸菌糸体エキスを併せて摂取することで生育の障害のみならず、骨硬度の減少や骨の乾燥重量および灰化重量の減少が顕著に改善されたことが分かる。
【００６１】
骨は、カルシウムだけでなく、結合組織と共存してはじめて丈夫な骨となるが、椎茸菌糸体エキスは、骨組織へのカルシウムの補給や結合組織の再生に何らかの作用を促し、正常へと改善したものと推察される。
なお、椎茸菌糸体エキスに代えて、山伏茸菌糸体エキス、エノキタケ菌糸体エキスなどを用いた場合にも、上記と同様な効果が得られる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an agent for preventing osteomalacia, and more particularly to an agent for preventing osteomalacia containing basidiomycetous mycelium extracts such as shiitake mycelium extract.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In human and animal bones (bone tissue), an incomplete bone-like tissue called “ostoid” is formed, and calcium is deposited there to complete a hard bone. Insufficient calcium deposition results in bones with many osteoid parts that are soft and easy to deform.
[0003]
Calcium deposition occurs in the form of calcium phosphate (calcification) by combining calcium with phosphorus in the blood, and it is vitamin D that promotes this metabolism. Therefore, osteomalacia develops when vitamin D is deficient.
In other words, osteomalacia is a condition in which adults do not have normal calcification due to abnormal calcification and the bone is softened. This is called rickets in children, and symptoms include bone pain spreading to the buttocks. , Muscle weakness, symptoms of calcium deficiency, numbness around the mouth, numbness in the limbs, convulsions in the hands or feet. (Similar diseases of osteomalacia include osteoporosis and the like, but unlike osteomalacia, there is no calcification disorder in osteoporosis.)
There are many causes of osteomalacia such as vitamin D absorption in the stomach and intestines due to insufficient intake of vitamin D from the diet, liver and kidney damage, chronic diarrhea due to gastrectomy, sunbathing (ultraviolet rays) The function of synthesizing vitamin D in the body may be reduced due to lack of irradiation. Other factors include congenital or acquired disorders of vitamin D metabolism, renal failure and acidosis, phosphate deficiency due to insufficient diet, decreased phosphorus resorption capacity due to kidney disease, treatment of epileptic seizures There are side effects from drugs.
[0004]
As described above, osteomalacia can occur due to various causes, but many are considered to develop in the case of insufficient intake of vitamin D as described above.
So, for example, if an adult stays indoors for a long time without going outdoors, and avoids milk intake due to lactose intolerance, the time spent in the sun using a very powerful sunscreen When there is a shortage of sunshine, when the occupational health environment is poor and the daylight hours are short, or when the living environment is bad, such as living in a terrible smog-producing area, biosynthesis of vitamin D in the body is not possible. Impaired and increases the likelihood of developing osteomalacia. Such osteomalacia is seen at a rate of 1 per 1000 adults.
[0005]
And for osteomalacia patients who have already developed, oral active supplements of active vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus are administered corresponding to their potential causes, and osteomalacia with vitamin D absorption disorder in the intestine The patient is treated in parallel with ultraviolet irradiation, such as administering vitamin D more than usual.
Among the osteomalacia that develops due to such various causes, for example, the type of osteomalacia that develops due to the lack of vitamin D basically takes dairy products enriched with vitamin D, sunlight. Can be prevented by hitting enough.
[0006]
However, for example, in the case of lactose intolerance, intake of dairy products is difficult even if inexpensive and have high nutritional value. Also, in today's high-rise and high-density urban residential environments, sufficient sunbathing does not remain on a daily basis, especially in elderly people, such as increased time spent indoors where sunlight does not reach. There are many incentives to develop.
Here, even if the calcium content of dairy products or the like taken daily is small, if calcium contained in food can be efficiently taken into the body, particularly bone tissue, it can be used to prevent osteomalacia. It is beneficial because it provides more options for reducing and treating osteomalacia.
[0007]
In particular, if substances extracted from foods that have been used for a long time show such physiological effects, drugs with such active substances as the main component have no or no side effects even if taken for a long time. It is expected to be easy. Furthermore, if it is a health medicine or health food that contains it, the general public can take it in the same form as vitamins or nutritional nourishment, which is one of the diseases of aging society, osteomalacia. Expected to contribute greatly to prevention.
[0008]
By the way, since ancient times, basidiomycete mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, pine mushrooms and enoki mushrooms have been edible, and some of them have been used as traditional Chinese medicines, such as mushrooms belonging to the family Basidiomycetes sarnococcidae. Furthermore, shiitake mycelium or its extract has various anti-cancer effects, prevention of constipation, prevention of obesity and diabetes, promotion of elimination of toxic substances in foods, improvement of self-protection ability, etc. It has been reported to have an effect.
[0009]
For example, in (1) Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-23826, the applicants of the present application prepared a health drink in the same manner as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-34123 except that shiitake bacteria were used as the inoculum. Proposes a manufacturing method. In this publication, it is described that the obtained health drink has blood pressure lowering action, diuretic action, fatigue recovery action and the like.
[0010]
(2) In JP-A-57-170173, a material containing a large amount of raw sugar and plant fiber such as sugar cane or sugar radish is used as a culture medium, and this is inoculated with an inoculum of edible mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms. After the mycelium is cultured, the culture medium immediately before or after the fruiting body is pulverized, hydrolyzed, and heated to cause self-digestion of the mycelium, and the active ingredients contained in the mycelium are leached into the culture medium. A method for producing a powdered food containing an active ingredient of edible mycelium and dietary fiber, which is then dried and then finely pulverized is disclosed. The publication describes that the powdered food obtained by this method is effective for colorectal cancer, arteriosclerosis, diabetes and the like.
[0011]
In addition, the present applicants (3) inoculated the enokitake mushroom mycelium in a solid medium containing plant fiber and water consisting of maize, bran and rice bran in Japanese Patent No. 2519785 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-107171). And then cultivating the culture medium and crushing the medium after completion of the culture and drying it, and proposes a method for producing a dietary fiber-containing food. It is described that prevention of obesity, diabetes, arteriosclerosis, promotion of elimination of toxic substances in foods, improvement of self-protection ability and the like can be expected.
[0012]
In addition, (4) JP-A-2-134325 describes an AIDS therapeutic agent comprising a component extracted from a mycelium culture of shiitake mushroom, which is a kind of basidiomycete.
In addition, (5) “Mushroom Chemistry / Biochemistry” (Mizuno, edited by Kawai, published by Academic Publishing Center), mushroom dietary fiber can be expected to have a pharmacological action, preventive effect on colon cancer and rectal cancer. In the extract, it is described that the carcinogenesis preventing effect has been proven in animal experiments.
[0013]
(6) In “20 years of mushroom antitumor research” (Ikegawa et al., Published by Nagano Prefectural Rural Industrial Research Institute, published on March 1, 1989), proflamin isolated from enokitake mycelium functions as an anticancer agent. It is described that it is not toxic even after oral administration and that no other side effects are observed.
Furthermore, the present inventors have found that a shiitake mycelium extract obtained by a method similar to the method described in (1) Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-23826 has an inhibitory effect on HIV virus activity. 7) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-173070 (Patent No. 3017630) proposes an HIV type virus activity inhibitor obtained by this method.
[0014]
However, in addition to the effects described above, what other effects can be obtained from basidiomycete mycelium extracts such as shiitake mycelium extract extracted from basidiomycete shiitake (mycelium culture) and the like? Many points are not yet known.
Therefore, the present inventor conducted extensive research on the pharmacological action of mycelia extracts of basidiomycetes that have been edible and used in traditional Chinese medicine, such as shiitake mycelium extract. Surprisingly, the body extract has a remarkable osteomalacia-preventing effect, and the above-mentioned shiitake mycelium extract can be used as a medicine, and further used as a general food, food, health food or functional food. As a result, the inventors have newly found that the above-mentioned effects can be expected and completed the present invention.
[0015]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is intended to solve the problems associated with the prior art as described above, and provides an osteomalacia prophylactic agent that can prevent osteomalacia and that is excellent in safety without fear of side effects. The purpose is that.
[0016]
Summary of the Invention
The osteomalacia prophylactic agent according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a basidiomycete mycelium extract extracted from a mycelium culture of basidiomycetes. Examples of the basidiomycetes include shiitake mushrooms, yabushi bacillus, enokitake mushrooms, eringgi fungi, and reishi mushrooms.
In the present invention, the mycelium extract of the above basidiomycetes,
On a solid medium based on bagasse (bagasse), inoculate basidiomycetes such as shiitake mushrooms, and then bundling the solid medium containing mycelium obtained by growing the mycelium,
To the unbound solid medium, water and one or more enzymes selected from cellulase or protease are added while keeping the solid medium at 30 to 50 ° C., and the solid medium is added in the presence of the enzyme. A basidiomycete mycelium extract such as shiitake mycelium extract is extracted by pulverization and crushing, and then the enzyme is deactivated and sterilized by heating to a temperature up to 95 ° C.
[0017]
Such an osteomalacia preventive agent, for example, if taken orally, even if a low calcium diet is ingested, bone mineral density can be significantly improved to prevent osteomalacia, and this osteomalacia prophylactic agent includes There is no fear of side effects and it is excellent in safety.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the osteomalacia preventive agent according to the present invention will be specifically described.
[Manufacture of osteomalacia prophylactic agent]
The agent for preventing osteomalacia according to the present invention includes a mycelium extract of basidiomycetes.
Basidiomycota has been used as an edible fungus in Japan since ancient times, and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine. (Auriculariales) or Tremellales moths, cantharellales moths, and the like.
[0019]
More specifically, for the moths of pine moths or agaricales,
Matsutake (Tricholoma Matsutake Ito et Imai),
Shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Sing.),
Enoki mushroom (Flammulina Velutipes (Fr.) Sing.),
Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.Ex Fr) Kummer,
Nameko (Pholiota nameko (I.Ito) S.Ito et IMAI),
Iguchi (Boletus Dill.ex Fr.),
Shimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji (Kawam.) Hongo),
Chichitake (Lactarius volemus (Fr.) Fr.),
Examples include erurogi (pleurotus eryngii).
[0020]
In addition, as moths of the order of Sarnochoshika or Aphyllophorales,
(Elfvingia applanatus (Pers.) Karst.),
Fomitopsis pinicola (Fr.) Karst.
Kawaraki mushroom (Coriolus versicolor (Fr.) Quel.),
Ganoderma lucidum (W.Curt.ex Fr.) Karst.),
Maiko (Grifola frondosa (Fr.) SFGray),
Meshimakobu (P.yucatensis (Murr.) Imaz.,) And the like.
[0021]
As moths of the order Auriculariales or Tremellales,
Jellyfish (Auricularia auricula (Hook.) Underw.),
Examples include Tremellinea fuciformis Berk.
As a moth of cantharellales,
Examples include the Yamabushi Pass of Hydnaceae, that is, Hydnum.
[0022]
Among these basidiomycetes, shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Sing.), Yamabushi mushroom, Enoki mushroom (Flammulina Velutipes (Fr.) Sing.) And Ganoderma fungi are preferably used in the present invention.
In the present invention, these basidiomycetes can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Many of these basidiomycetes are “Mushroom Encyclopedia” (Katsuya Nakamura, Asakura Shoten, 1989), “Mushroom Cultivation Method” (Iwade Shinnosuke, Geo-sha, 5th edition 1985) or It is described in detail in "Primary Color Japanese Fungi Encyclopedia" (Imoseki et al., Childcare Company, 1983, 27).
[0023]
There is no particular limitation on the production method of basidiomycete mycelium extract such as shiitake mycelium extract, and basidiomycete mycelium extract obtained by the method as mentioned in the above-mentioned section of the prior art may be used, for example, shiitake mycelium extract, As described in JP-A-2-134325, the shiitake mycelium culture may be self-digested if necessary, followed by hot water extraction, and the hot water extract precipitated in alcohol. If necessary, this precipitate may be further fractionated with a chromatographic column, and the eluted fraction may be fractionated with ethylene glycol or the like.
[0024]
Moreover, you may use the extract obtained by "the extraction method of the useful component from the mycelia containing medium" of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 9-234086 which the applicant of this application proposed previously. That is, in the present invention, “a solid culture medium containing mycelium obtained by inoculating basidiomycetes on a solid medium based on bagasse and then growing the mycelium is obtained to obtain a juice (i)” In addition, water and an enzyme are added to the solid residue component containing the mycelium from which the juice (i) is separated, and stirred at 30 to 60 ° C., preferably 30 to 50 ° C. to dissolve the mycelium cell wall, Next, a method for extracting useful components from a mycelium-containing medium, which comprises heating to a temperature of up to 95 ° C. to inactivate the enzyme and sterilizing to obtain a cell wall lysate-containing solution (ii) ” One or both of the juice (i) and the cell wall lysate-containing solution (ii) obtained in this manner can be used. The enzyme is preferably one or more of cellulase, protease, β-1,3-glucanase, and chitinase, and the enzyme is mainly β-1,3-glucanase. It is preferable to contain chitinase and cellulase as components.
[0025]
Further, according to the present invention, the juice is obtained by squeezing a solid medium containing mycelium obtained by inoculating basidiomycetes on a solid medium based on bagasse and then growing the mycelium. (i) is obtained, and the solid residue component containing the mycelium from which the juice (i) is separated is unbound, and water and an enzyme are added to the unbound solid residue component at 30 to 60 ° C., Preferably, the solid component is pulverized and crushed while maintaining at 30 to 50 ° C. to dissolve the mycelium cell wall, and then heated to a temperature up to 95 ° C. to deactivate the enzyme and sterilize to sterilize the cell wall lysate. A method for extracting useful components from a mycelium-containing medium characterized by obtaining a containing liquid (ii). ”Either one of the juice (i) and the cell wall lysate containing liquid (ii) obtained in“ Both can also be used. Also in this case, it is preferable to use the same enzyme as described above.
[0026]
In the present invention, it is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of osteomalacia-preventing effect, and it is desirable that the shiitake mycelium extract is prepared using the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-23826. In addition, in the case of other basidiomycete mycelium extracts as described above other than shiitake mycelium extract, those prepared by the same method as shiitake mycelium extract are preferable.
Hereinafter, an example of a method for preparing shiitake mycelium extract will be described in detail.
[0027]
In order to prepare a shiitake mycelium extract, specifically, water, preferably pure water, is first mixed in a solid medium composed of bagasse, and then shiitake fungus is inoculated. In addition to rice bran, minerals such as phosphorus, iron, and germanium, peanut skin, brown rice, and the like may be added to the bagasse medium as necessary.
Next, the medium inoculated with shiitake mushrooms in this manner is placed in a culture chamber in which the temperature and humidity are controlled and the illuminance is also adjusted to grow the mycelium.
[0028]
It is desirable that the mycelium spreads in the solid medium, and the bagasse base fiber is unbundled immediately before and after the occurrence of fruiting bodies so that the passage through 12 mesh is 30% by weight or less. It is preferable that the bagasse base medium is unbundled at the time immediately before and after the occurrence of fruit bodies as described above, but may be performed at a time after the fruit bodies have grown considerably.
[0029]
Water and one or more enzymes selected from cellulase, protease, or glucosidase are added to the solid medium thus unwound while keeping the solid medium at 30 to 60 ° C, preferably 30 to 50 ° C. Cellulase is preferable as the enzyme to be added.
The addition amount of the enzyme is 0.5 to 5 g, preferably 1 to 3 g, per 1 kg of the solid medium. The water is preferably pure water that does not contain ions such as metal ions, and 1 kg of water (e.g. pure water), preferably 2 to 6 kg, is added to 1 kg of the unbound medium, and a bagasse-containing mixture. And
[0030]
Next, shiitake mycelium extract is extracted from this bagasse-containing mixture. To extract shiitake mycelium extract in this way, the medium-containing mixture is pulverized into a solid medium while circulating using, for example, a gear pump with a transmission. It is desirable to add a crushing action so that about 70% by weight or more of the bagasse fiber is equivalent to 12 meshes.
[0031]
The bagasse-containing mixture may be pulverized and crushed while maintaining the temperature of the mixture at 30 to 60 ° C, preferably 30 to 50 ° C, or while gradually increasing the temperature from the above temperature, It is preferable to carry out while raising the temperature. When air at room temperature is injected into the bagasse-containing mixture when the water temperature is 60 ° C. or higher, preferably 70 ° C. or higher, the air bubbles are rapidly heated and destroyed, impacting the bagasse fibers and active ingredients. Can be extracted more efficiently.
[0032]
Next, the bagasse-containing mixture thus treated is further heated to a temperature of up to 95 ° C., preferably about 75 to 90 ° C., and kept at this temperature for several tens of minutes. When the enzyme is inactivated and the mixture is sterilized, a shiitake mycelium extract is obtained.
In addition, you may filter the obtained shiitake mycelium extract using the filter cloth of 50-120 mesh, preferably about 60-100 mesh as needed.
[0033]
The shiitake mycelium extract thus obtained can be concentrated and used, or can be freeze-dried and used as a powder.
As mentioned above, although the example of the preferable preparation method of a shiitake mycelium extract was explained in detail, the above-mentioned other basidiomycete mycelium extracts used in the present invention can also be replaced with the above-mentioned shiitake fungus, ganoderma, enoki mushroom, mesimacob, yamabushi mochi It can be prepared in the same manner as described above except that basidiomycetes such as maitake and eringi are used.
[0034]
The agent for preventing osteomalacia of the present invention may contain basidiomycete mycelium extracts such as the above-mentioned shiitake mycelium extract in any amount.
Such osteomalacia prophylactic agents may be orally administered in various dosage forms such as granules, liquids, tablets, capsules, etc., and can also be developed as injection solutions used for osteomalacia patients. In addition, the osteomalacia prophylactic agent containing the above mycelium extract stock solution has an effect of preventing and improving osteomalacia by improving bone density and should be administered as it is to a person with abnormal bone density without dilution. However, it can be administered after appropriately diluted with, for example, purified water or alcohol.
[0035]
Such an osteomalacia prophylactic agent is usually 1 to 100 mg, preferably 5 to 50 mg per kg body weight per day as a solid-conversion amount of basidiomycetous mycelium extract in the osteomalacia prophylactic agent. Ingestion is desirable.
As described above, when the osteomalacia prophylactic agent according to the present invention is administered to a person with abnormal bone density, particularly an osteomalacia patient, it is expected to improve those symptoms.
[0036]
As described above, the osteomalacia prophylactic agent according to the present invention can improve bone density and prevent osteomalacia, and is also expected to improve osteomalacia because of the following reasons. It seems to be.
That is, the osteomalacia prophylactic agent comprising a basidiomycete mycelium extract such as shiitake mycelium extract, according to the study by the present inventors, an active ingredient extracted from a basidiomycetous mycelium such as shiitake mycelium , There are many active ingredients extracted from solid medium in which basidiomycetous mycelium such as shiitake mycelium is cultured, and these ingredients (unidentified) are also absorbed in calcium, deposited in bone tissue, etc. As a result of the comprehensive action, it is considered that the bone density is improved, osteomalacia is prevented, and preferably, the affected osteomalacia can be improved.
[0037]
In addition, in osteomalacia, under the action of vitamin D, the process of depositing calcium and phosphorus on osteoids in the form of calcium phosphate does not proceed smoothly. This directly affects calcium and phosphate intake and intestinal absorption and metabolic modulation. Therefore, it is considered that the confirmation of the effect becomes clearer by examining the physiological action of the osteomalacia prophylactic agent according to the present invention on bone metabolism including regulatory factors such as vitamins and hormones. As one possibility, it has been confirmed that shiitake mycelium extract has an effect of activating liver function, and since active vitamin D is synthesized in the liver, the osteomalacia of the present invention. Ingestion of the prophylactic agent eliminates vitamin D deficiency and promotes intestinal absorption and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, as well as deposition on bone tissue, resulting in prevention or improvement of osteomalacia. It is thought to be.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent osteomalacia by improving and improving low bone density, and to provide a preventive agent for osteomalacia, which is a health food or a pharmaceutical that is excellent in safety without the risk of side effects. Is done.
The basidiomycete mycelium extract such as shiitake mycelium extract used in the present invention is highly safe and can be taken for a long period of time. It can be absorbed well to improve bone density, and it is thought that the onset of osteomalacia can be prevented and suppressed, and the development of the osteomalacia prophylactic agent according to the present invention is significant.
[0039]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further more concretely based on an Example, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these Examples.
[0040]
[Preparation Example 1]
[Preparation of osteomalacia prophylaxis comprising shiitake mycelium extract]
After pure water was appropriately contained in a solid medium consisting of 90 parts by weight of bagasse and 10 parts by weight of rice bran, shiitake inoculum was inoculated and placed in a culture chamber with controlled temperature and humidity to grow mycelium. After the mycelium was spread on the solid medium, the bagasse-based fibrin was bunched so that the passage through 12 mesh was 24% by weight or less. To 1.0 kg of the unbound medium, 3.5 liters of pure water and 2.0 g of purified cellulase were added while keeping the solid medium at 40 ° C. to obtain a bagasse-containing mixture.
[0041]
Next, while the medium-containing mixture is circulated by a gear pump with a transmission, pulverization and crushing action is added to the solid medium at the gear part of the pump for about 200 minutes, so that about 80% by weight of bagasse fiber becomes 12 meshes. did. The bagasse-containing mixture was pulverized and crushed while gradually raising the temperature of the mixture.
Thereafter, the bagasse-containing mixture was further heated and left at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes.
[0042]
The enzyme was inactivated by heating to 90 ° C. and sterilized.
The obtained medium-containing mixture was filtered using a 60-mesh filter cloth to obtain a shiitake mycelium extract containing a micro suspended matter.
This shiitake mycelium extract was pulverized by freeze drying.
The mineral component composition in this shiitake mycelium extract is as follows.
[0043]
Ca content: 95.1 mg / 100 g, Fe content: 81.7 mg / 100 g
[0044]
[Preparation Examples 2-3]
In the above Preparation Example 1, instead of Shiitake mushroom, Enoki mushroom inoculum (Preparation Example 2) and Yamabushi mushroom inoculum (Preparation Example 3) were used in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1, Enoki mushroom mycelium extract powder, Yamabushi-mycelium extract powder was obtained.
The mineral component composition in these extracts is as follows.
<Enoki mushroom mycelium extract>
Ca content: 161 mg / 100 g, Fe content: 17.3 mg / 100 g
<Yamabushi-mycelium extract>
Ca amount: 150 mg / 100 g, Fe amount: 23.9 mg / 100 g
[0045]
[Test Example 1]
Bone for rats using an osteomalacia prophylactic agent comprising the shiitake mycelium extract (powder) obtained in Preparation Example 1 hardness The improvement effect of osteomalacia was investigated.
<Test method>
Three types of feeds were prepared: normal feed, low-mineral feed, and low-mineral feed mixed with shiitake mycelium extract and having a content of 4%.
[0046]
Divide 15 6-year-old Wistar male rats (Kiwa experimental animals) into 3 groups of 5 each, and each of normal diet, low mineral diet, and low mineral diet shown in Table 1 contains 4% shiitake mycelium extract. The mixed feed added in an amount (containing 4% shiitake mycelium extract in the mixed feed) was freely ingested. (The amount of calcium in the shiitake mycelium extract is so small that it does not affect the experiment.)
As is clear from Table 1, feed containing 4.5% of the Harper mixed mineral shown in Table 3 was used as normal feed, and feed containing the Harper mixed mineral reduced to 0.5% was used as low mineral feed.
[0047]
The intake of the feed was measured every day except for Sundays for 28 days. The diet spilled from the feeder during feeding was negligible. Rat body weight was measured every Monday and Thursday.
On the 28th day after the start of the test, the rats were killed, and their thymus, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys, and testicles were removed, and mass examination and wet weight were measured. In addition, the lower limbs (femur and tibia) of the rat were removed, and the length and bone hardness of the tibia were also measured. Bone hardness was measured using a Kiyama hardness tester.
[0048]
The bone weight was determined from the amount of ash after drying. That is, the left and right femurs and tibias were immersed in a mixture of chloroform: methanol = 2: 2 (volume ratio) for 48 hours, placed in a magnetic crucible, dried at 120 ° C. for 5 hours, and then ashed in an electric furnace. Went.
Ashing was performed by holding at 250 ° C. for 0.5 hour, holding at 450 ° C. for 0.5 hour, then holding at 600 ° C. for 0.5 hour, and further holding at 700 ° C. for 2 hours.
[0049]
The results are shown in Tables 1 to 6, respectively.
[0050]
[Table 1]

[0051]
[Table 2]

[0052]
[Table 3]

[0053]
[Table 4]

[0054]
[Table 5]

[0055]
[Table 6]

[0056]
<Test results>
[1] Feed intake
There was no significant difference in feed intake between the groups.
[2] Change in body weight
Table 4 body weight Column As can be clearly seen, the weight gained in rats fed the low mineral diet group was clearly higher than those in the normal diet group and rats fed the “low mineral diet + shiitake mycelium extract mixed feed group”. Was inferior and growth disorder was observed.
[0057]
(3) Department inspection
No abnormality was seen in the appearance of each organ in any group of rats fed any diet.
Further, as is clear from the description of the “organ and wet weight” section of Table 4, no significant difference was found in the weight of each organ in any group of rats fed any diet.
▲ 4 ▼ Tibial length
As is clear from the description in Table 5, there was no significant difference in the length of the tibia between the groups of rats fed any diet.
[0058]
(5) Bone hardness
As apparent from Table 5, the bone hardness of the rats in the low mineral feed group was reduced to about ½ compared to the rats in the normal feed group.
In addition, the bone hardness was significantly increased in the rats of the “low mineral diet + shiitake mycelium extract mixed diet group” than in the rats of the low mineral diet intake group.
[0059]
▲ 6 bone weight
The bone weight was determined in a dry state after defatting, and in the rats of the low mineral diet group, the bone weight decreased to about 2/3 times that of the rats of the normal diet group, but the “low mineral diet + shiitake mycelium extract mixed diet group” ”Rats were almost equivalent to rats in the normal diet group.
[0060]
In addition, as shown in Table 6, the bone weight after tibia ashing was reduced by about 1/2 times in the low-mineral diet group rats as compared to the normal diet group rats. In the rats of the “mycelium extract mixed feed group”, the value of the normal feed group was significantly recovered.
According to the above test results, when rats were bred for 4 weeks by ingesting a low-mineral diet as compared to the case of ingesting a normal diet, not only the growth disturbance but also the decrease in bone hardness and the dry weight of bone were observed. And a decrease in ashing weight occurs. Even with low-mineral diet, taking this low-mineral diet together with shiitake mycelium extract not only impaired growth but also markedly improved bone hardness, bone dry weight and ash weight You can see that
[0061]
Bone becomes strong bones only when it coexists not only with calcium but also with connective tissue, but shiitake mycelium extract promotes some effects on calcium supply to bone tissue and regeneration of connective tissue, and improves to normal It is presumed that
It should be noted that the same effect as described above can be obtained when Yamabushi mushroom mycelium extract, Enokitake mushroom mycelium extract, or the like is used instead of shiitake mycelium extract.

Claims (1)

As a mycelium extract, a solid medium containing mycelia obtained by inoculating shiitake fungus on a solid medium based on bagasse and then growing the mycelium was unbound. To the solid medium, water and one or more enzymes selected from cellulase or protease are added while keeping the solid medium at 30 to 50 ° C., and the solid medium is crushed and crushed in the presence of the enzyme. osteomalacia prophylactic agent characterized by comprising a shiitake mycelium equi scan the enzyme formed by quenched and sterilized by extracting the shiitake mycelium equi scan, then heated to a temperature of up to 95 ° C..