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JP4219418B2 - Ultrasonic surgical device - Google Patents

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JP4219418B2
JP4219418B2 JP16933395A JP16933395A JP4219418B2 JP 4219418 B2 JP4219418 B2 JP 4219418B2 JP 16933395 A JP16933395 A JP 16933395A JP 16933395 A JP16933395 A JP 16933395A JP 4219418 B2 JP4219418 B2 JP 4219418B2
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裕一郎 佐藤
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株式会社ミワテック
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Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は、超音波振動を発生するメス部によって生体組織の破砕・切断などを行うようにした超音波手術装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
現在、外科手術などにおいては、ステンレス刃や鋼刃等を形成した通常のメスの他に、超音波振動によって手術部位の破砕・切断を行う、いわゆる超音波メスが使用されている。
【０００３】
この超音波メスは、超音波発振回路によって高周波を発生させ、その高周波電力を図３に示すようなハンドピース部１によりメス部３ａの機械的超音波振動に変換するものとなっている。すなわち、図示のハンドピース部１には、その外郭をなす管状部材２内に図４に示すような電歪型振動子３が内蔵され、これが管状部材２から突出するホーン４に固定された構成となっている。この電歪型振動子３は、電歪素子３ａとその両端に取り付けた金属製の裏打ち板３ｂ及び前面板３ｃとにより構成されており、図外の超音波発振回路から供給された高周波電力は、この電歪型振動子３で機械的振動に変換され、その機械的振動はメス部であるホーン４の先端部４ａに伝達される。
【０００４】
また、ホーンの先端部４ａ近傍にはイリゲーションパイプ５が配設されており、ここから手術部位に対して洗浄用の生理食塩水などが供給される一方、手術部位に発生した血液や洗浄水などをホーン４の中心に形成された吸引孔４ｂから吸引し、吸引パイプ６を介して排出されるようになっている。
【０００５】
ところで、上記のような超音波振動装置に用いられる電歪型振動子３にあっては、電気振動を機械振動に変換する際に生じる電気的ロスによって熱が発生し、これがホーン４の異常発熱や電歪素子３ａの寿命低下を招くため、一般には電歪型振動子３及びメス部（ホーンの先端部）４ａに対して冷却処理を施す必要がある。この冷却処理方法としては、電歪素子３ａ及びホーン４に対して冷却水などを供給することが従来より行われているが、この場合には冷却水の供給機構を付設することによりハンドピース１が大型化するため、現在では、図５に示すように、電歪型振動子３の中央部にホーン４の吸引孔４ｂと連通する吸引経路３ｄを形成し、ここに吸引孔４ｂから吸引した生理食塩水を通過させることによって電歪型振動子３を冷却するという冷却処理構造も提案・実施されている。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように、現在の超音波手術装置では電歪型振動子３やホーン４に対して冷却処理を施すようになっているが、冷却処理機構に何等かの故障、例えば、イリゲーションパイプ５が詰まることによる冷却水の供給停止、ホーン４や吸引経路３ｄが詰まることによる吸引動作の停止などが発生した場合には、電歪型振動子３やホーン４が高温化してしまい、患者や手術者が火傷するとか、ホーン４や電歪素子３ａ等が熱によって破損されるといった問題が生じる。
【０００７】
この発明は上記従来技術の課題に着目してなされたもので、ハンドピース部の異常加熱等の発生を防止することができる安全性及び耐久性に優れた超音波メスの提供を目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明は、超音波発振回路からの高周波電力に応じてメス部に超音波振動を発生させ るハンドピース部を備え、前記メス部の超音波振動によって生体組織の破砕・切断を行うようにした超音波手術装置であって、前記ハンドピース部は、先端部をメス部とするホーンと、前記ホーンに接続され、超音波発振回路から出力される高周波電力を超音波振動に変換し、その超音波振動をホーンの先端部に伝達する電歪型振動子と、この電歪型振動子とホーンとからなる振動系を冷却する冷却機構と、を備える一方、
前記超音波発振回路は、電源回路、増幅部、整合部、帰還部、振動系の固有振動数が予め設定した周波数範囲を超えた場合にハンドピース部の異常を告知する告知手段、及び制御部、からなり、前記電源回路は、商用電源から供給された交流電圧を整流する整流回路、この整流回路から出力された直流電圧に含まれる脈流を低減する平滑回路、この平滑回路の出力を振幅レベル設定回路の信号に応じて安定した電圧に変える安定化電源回路を具え、
前記増幅部は、トランジスタドライブ回路と電力増幅回路を具え、
前記整合部は、前記電歪型振動子に対し低損失で高周波電力を投入し得ると共にこの電歪型振動子を安定動作させるために適正な駆動振幅を保ち、メス部にかかる負荷の増減に対しメス部の振動を一定に保つ整合回路兼振幅調整回路で構成し、
前記帰還部は、前記整合回路兼振幅調整回路からの出力を帰還信号として前記増幅部へ正帰還させるために前記帰還信号に含まれる電歪型振動子のスプリアス周波数成分を除去する帰還信号フィルターと、帰還回路のＱを調整する帰還信号Ｑ回路と、この帰還信号Ｑ回路から出力された帰還信号を前記トランジスタドライブ回路及び制御部へと出力する帰還信号検出回路とからなり、
前記制御部は、前記帰還信号検出回路に接続されこれから出力された帰還信号の周波数を検出する周波数検出回路と、帰還信号の周波数が予め設定した周波数範囲内であるか否かを判別する判別回路と、この判別回路から出力される判別結果に応じて安定化電源回路における出力の振幅レベルを設定する振幅レベル設定回路と、前記判別回路から入力される判別信号に対応して前記告知手段の駆動を制御する駆動制御回路と、を具え、
前記超音波発振回路において、トランジスタドライブ回路から供給された信号を、電力増幅回路にて増幅した後、その信号を整合部及び帰還部を介して増幅部へと正帰還させることにより高周波電力を発生させ、さらに整合部を介してその高周波電力をハンドピース部の電歪型振動子に投入することにより高周波電力を超音波振動へと変換し、その超音波振動をホーンへと伝達することにより、ホーン先端部における所定振幅での超音波振動により、ホーン先端部を生体組織の破砕・切断を行うメス部として作用させる一方、電歪型振動子及びホーンの温度の適正温度からの上昇によるホーンと電歪型振動子とからなる振動系の固有振動数の低下に際して、その固有振動数を制御部における周波数検出回路により検出して、その検出周波数が予め設定した周波数範囲を超えた場合には、判別回路から異常を表す判別信号が出力され振幅レベル設定回路及び駆動制御回路に入力され、これにより、振幅レベル設定回路は、前記判別信号出力前に設定されていた振幅レベルより低い振幅レベルに安定化電源回路の出力を設定する結果、増幅部及び整合部を介して電歪型振動子に投入される高周波電力を低下させて併せて電歪型振動子及びホーンにおける超音波出力も低下させてハンドピース部における発熱を抑制できるようにした超音波手術装置を提供して、上記課題を解決しようとするものである。
【０００９】
また、上記の超音波手術装置において、周波数検出回路は前記帰還信号検出回路への接続に替えて、整合回路兼振幅調整回路、帰還信号フィルター，帰還信号Ｑ回路，トランジスタドライブ回路のいずれかに接続されて信号の周波数を検出するように構成することがある。
【００１０】
さらに、上記いずれかの超音波手術装置において、前記告知手段は、所定の警告音を発生させる音声発生装置および又は所定の警告表示を行う表示器により構成することがある。
【００１１】
【実施例】
次に、この発明の一実施例を図１及び図２に基づき説明する。
この実施例における超音波手術装置としては、図１に示すように、高周波電力を発生させる超音波発振回路Ｅと、この超音波発振回路Ｅから出力された高周波電力をメス部の機械的振動エネルギーに変換するハンドピース部Ｍとからなり、ハンドピース部Ｍは上記従来技術に示したものと同様に、管体２，電歪型振動子３，ホーン４及びイリゲーションパイプ６等を備えたものとなっている。但し、ここに用いる電歪型振動子３は、図４に示すように内部に吸引孔４ｂを形成したものを用いている。従って、この実施例におけるホーン及び電歪型振動子３に対する冷却機構は、生理食塩水を供給するイリゲーションパイプ６と、ホーン４の吸引孔４ｂ及びこれに連通する吸引経路４ｂとにより構成されている。
【００１２】
また、前記超音波発振回路Ｅは、図２に示すように構成されている。
図中、ａは電源回路であり、この電源回路において、２１は所定の商用電源２０から供給された交流電圧を整流する整流回路、２２はこの整流回路から出力された直流電圧に含まれる脈流を低減する平滑回路、２３は前記平滑回路の出力を振幅レベル設定回路３２の信号に応じて安定した電圧に変える安定化電源回路である。
【００１３】
また、２４は後述のトランジスタドライブ回路２９と共に増幅部ｂを構成する電力増幅回路、２５は前記整合部ｃとしての整合回路兼振幅調整回路である。この整合回路兼振幅調整回路２５は、前述のハンドピース部Ｍにおける電歪型振動子３に対し低損失で高周波電力を投入し得ると共に、電歪型振動子３を安定動作させるために適正な駆動振幅を保つようになっており、メス部（ホーン４の先端部）４ａにかかる負荷の増減に対しメス部４ａの振動を一定に保つようになっている。
【００１４】
また、ｄは前記整合回路兼振幅調整回路からの出力を帰還信号として前記増幅部ｂへ正帰還させる帰還部である。この帰還部ｄは、前記帰還信号に含まれる電歪型振動子３のスプリアス周波数成分を除去する帰還信号フィルター２６と、帰還回路のＱを調整する帰還信号Ｑ回路２７と、この帰還信号Ｑ回路２７から出力された帰還信号をトランジスタドライブ回路２９及び制御部ｅへと出力する帰還信号検出回路２８とよりなる。
【００１５】
一方、制御部ｅは、前記帰還信号検出回路１７から出力された帰還信号の周波数に基づき告知手段等の駆動を制御するものであり、帰還信号の周波数を検出する周波数検出回路３０と、帰還信号の周波数が予め設定した周波数範囲内であるか否かを判別する判別回路３１と、この判別回路３１から出力される判別結果に応じて安定化電源回路２３における出力の振幅レベルを設定する出力制御回路としての振幅レベル設定回路３２と、告知手段の駆動を制御する駆動制御回路３３とからなる。
また、前記制御部ｅによって制御される告知手段ｆは、所定の音声信号を出力する音声発生回路３４とこの音声発生回路３４からの出力に応じて音声を発するスピーカ３５とからなる。
【００１６】
以上のように、この実施例における超音波手術装置は、電源部ａ、増幅部ｂ、整合部ｃ、帰還部ｄ、及び制御部ｅ及び告知手段ｆなどからなる超音波発振回路Ｅを有しており、この回路Ｅでは、トランジスタドライブ回路２９から供給された信号を、増幅部ｂにて増幅した後、その信号を整合部ｃ及び帰還部ｄを介して増幅部ｄへと正帰還させることにより電気的超音波振動を発生させ、さらにその電気的超音波振動を整合部ｃを介してハンドピース部１の電歪型振動子３に投入することにより高周波電力を機械的振動エネルギーへと変換し、その機械振動エネルギーをホーン４へと伝達する。これにより、ホーン４の先端部４ａは、所定の振幅で超音波振動を行い、生体組織等の切断を行うメス部として作用する。
【００１７】
この際、電歪型振動子３とホーン４とからなる振動系には、振動変換動作に伴って発熱を生じるが、ハンドピース部Ｍに設けられた冷却機構が適正に作動している場合には、電歪型振動子３及びホーン４が高温化することはなく、手術者や患者に対して安全に使用することができる。但し、冷却機構は生理食塩水の供給パイプ５や吸引経路３ｄが詰まるなどして動作不能状態に陥ることもあり、このよう場合に、従来の装置では電歪型振動子３及びホーン４の温度が異常に高まり極めて危険な状態となるが、この実施例においては冷却機構の動作不良が発生した場合にも、電歪型振動子３及びホーン４が異常に加熱されるのを抑えることができる。
【００１８】
すなわち、冷却機構の機能が停止し、電歪型振動子３及びホーン４の温度が適正温度から上昇し始めると、その上昇に従って、ホーン４と電歪型振動子３とからなる振動系の固有振動数も低下し始める。この固有振動数は、制御部ｅにおける周波数検出回路３０によって検出されており、その検出周波数が予め設定した周波数範囲を越えた場合には、判別回路３１から異常を表す判別信号が出力され、これが振幅レベル設定回路３２及び駆動制御回路３３に入力される。
【００１９】
これにより、振幅レベル設定回路３２は、前記判別信号出力前に設定されていた振幅レベルより低い振幅レベルに安定化電源回路２３の出力を設定する。その結果、増幅部ｂ及び整合部ｃを介してハンドピース部Ｍの電歪型振動子３に投入される高周波電力は低下するため、電歪型振動子３及びホーン４における超音波出力も低下し、それに伴って発熱も低減される。従って、手術者や手術部位が高温化したハンドピース部Ｍによって火傷するといった危険性を完全に排除することができる共に、装置の構成部品の破損、または性能劣化等を防止することもできる。
【００２０】
また、この振幅レベル設定回路３２のレベル変更動作に加え、この実施例においては、判別信号を受けた駆動制御回路３３が音声発生回路３４を駆動してスピーカ３５から警告音を発生させるようになっている。このため手術者は、超音波手術装置の動作不良の発生を、警告音によって直ちに認識することができる。
【００２１】
なお、手術者や患者、及び構成部品等に対して安全に使用できる固有振動数の範囲Ｆ１は、適正状態における固有振動数をＦとすると、例えば、
（Ｆ−０．０１Ｆ）＜Ｆ１＜（Ｆ＋０．０１Ｆ）となる。
従って、上記判別回路３１は上記範囲外の検出周波数が入力された場合に判別信号を出力するものとなっている。但し、ここに示す範囲は一例であり、使用する振動系に応じて種々異なるものとなる。
【００２２】
また、電歪型振動子３やホーン４等の固有振動数の変動は、上記のような冷却機構の動作不良により異常加熱が発生した場合だけでなく、構成部品に亀裂が生じた場合、例えば、ホーン４に亀裂が生じた場合などにも発生する。このため警告音の発生時において、冷却装置が適正に作動していれば、ハンドピース部４等に何等かの故障が発生しているとの判断を下すことができる。すなわち、この実施例における装置は故障検出機能をも有することとなる。
【００２３】
なお、上記実施例においては、周波数検出回路３０を帰還信号検出回路２８に接続して帰還信号周波数を検出するようにしたが、周波数検出回路３０は、整合回路兼振幅調整回路２５、帰還信号フィルター２６，帰還信号Ｑ回路２７，トランジスタドライブ回路２９などの出力に接続しても、上記実施例と同様に周波数の検出を行うことができる。
【００２４】
また、上記実施例では、判別回路３１から出力された判別信号に応じて、振幅レベル設定回路３２が安定化電源回路２３の振幅レベルを低減させるものとなっているが、安定化電源回路２３の出力停止、または、その他の回路部分の遮断などを行うことにより、ハンドピース部Ｍに対して高周波電力の供給を完全に遮断しても良い。
【００２５】
さらに、使用する告知手段ｆとしては、上記実施例のように音声を発生するものに限らず、表示器などを用い、これによって温度の異常な上昇などをはじめとする種々の故障の発生を警告表示するようにしても良い。また、超音波手術装置に対し、告知手段ｆと出力制御回路３２のうち、いずれか一方のみを設けても良く、この場合にも安全性は従来の装置に比べて大幅に向上する。
【００２６】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したとおり、この発明に係る超音波手術装置は、ハンドピース部において冷却機構やその他の構成部品に故障が発生した場合には、これを検出して超音波発振回路の出力を低下または停止させるようになっているため、ハンドピース部が異常加熱される危険性もなくなり、手術者及び患者に対する安全性を十分に確保することができる。また、ハンドピース部の高温化を防止し得るようにしたため、振動系等の構成部品が熱により破損するのを防止することができ、装置の耐久性は大幅に向上する。
【００２７】
さらに、ハンドピース部の故障検出時に告知手段を作動させるようにすれば、故障の発生を手術者などに直ちに認識させることができ、事故の発生を未然に防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 この発明の一実施例を示す説明図であり、主としてハンドピース部の構成を示す。
【図２】 同上実施例における超音波発振回路の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図３】 従来の超音波手術装置におけるハンドピース部を示す側面図である。
【図４】 図３に示したハンドピース部に内蔵される電歪型振動子を示す側面図である。
【図５】 従来の他の電歪型振動子を示す側面図である。
【符号の説明】
Ｅ 超音波発振回路
Ｍ ハンドピース部
ｆ 告知手段
３ 電歪型振動子
３ｄ 吸引経路
４ ホーン
４ａ メス部
４ｂ 吸引孔
５ イリゲーションパイプ
３０ 周波数検出回路
３１ 判別回路
３２ 振幅レベル設定回路（出力制御回路）
３３ 駆動制御回路
３４ 音声発生装置
３５ スピーカ[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an ultrasonic surgical apparatus in which a living tissue is crushed and cut by a knife section that generates ultrasonic vibrations.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, in a surgical operation or the like, a so-called ultrasonic scalpel that crushes and cuts a surgical site by ultrasonic vibration is used in addition to a normal scalpel having a stainless steel blade or a steel blade.
[0003]
This ultrasonic scalpel generates high frequency by an ultrasonic oscillation circuit, and converts the high frequency power into mechanical ultrasonic vibration of the scalpel part 3a by the handpiece part 1 as shown in FIG. That is, an electrostrictive vibrator 3 as shown in FIG. 4 is built in a tubular member 2 that forms an outline of the handpiece portion 1 shown in the figure, and this is fixed to a horn 4 protruding from the tubular member 2. It has become. The electrostrictive vibrator 3 is composed of an electrostrictive element 3a, and a metal backing plate 3b and a front plate 3c attached to both ends thereof. The high frequency power supplied from an ultrasonic oscillation circuit (not shown) is The electrostrictive vibrator 3 converts the vibration into mechanical vibration, and the mechanical vibration is transmitted to the tip portion 4a of the horn 4 which is a female portion.
[0004]
In addition, an irrigation pipe 5 is disposed in the vicinity of the tip 4a of the horn, from which a physiological saline for cleaning is supplied to the surgical site, while blood generated in the surgical site, washing water, etc. Is sucked from a suction hole 4 b formed in the center of the horn 4 and discharged through a suction pipe 6.
[0005]
By the way, in the electrostrictive vibrator 3 used in the ultrasonic vibration device as described above, heat is generated by an electrical loss generated when electric vibration is converted into mechanical vibration, and this causes abnormal heat generation of the horn 4. In order to reduce the life of the electrostrictive element 3a, it is generally necessary to perform a cooling process on the electrostrictive vibrator 3 and the female portion (horn tip portion) 4a. As this cooling processing method, supplying cooling water or the like to the electrostrictive element 3a and the horn 4 has been conventionally performed. In this case, a handpiece 1 is provided by providing a cooling water supply mechanism. At present, as shown in FIG. 5, a suction path 3d communicating with the suction hole 4b of the horn 4 is formed in the central portion of the electrostrictive vibrator 3, and suction is performed through the suction hole 4b. A cooling processing structure in which the electrostrictive vibrator 3 is cooled by passing physiological saline has also been proposed and implemented.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the current ultrasonic surgical apparatus, the electrostrictive vibrator 3 and the horn 4 are subjected to the cooling process, but the cooling process mechanism has some trouble, for example, the irrigation pipe 5 is clogged. If the cooling water supply stops due to the above, or the suction operation stops due to the clogging of the horn 4 or the suction path 3d, the electrostrictive vibrator 3 or the horn 4 becomes hot, and the patient or the operator There is a problem that the horn 4 or the electrostrictive element 3a is damaged by heat.
[0007]
The present invention has been made paying attention to the problems of the prior art described above, and an object thereof is to provide an ultrasonic scalpel excellent in safety and durability that can prevent the occurrence of abnormal heating or the like of the handpiece part.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention comprises a handpiece portion which Ru generates ultrasonic vibration to the female part in accordance with the high frequency power from the ultrasonic oscillation circuit, and to perform the crushing and cutting the living tissue by ultrasonic vibration of the female portion An ultrasonic surgical device, wherein the handpiece part is connected to the horn having a tip part as a female part, and the high frequency power output from the ultrasonic oscillation circuit is converted into ultrasonic vibration. While comprising an electrostrictive vibrator that transmits sonic vibrations to the tip of the horn, and a cooling mechanism that cools a vibration system composed of the electrostrictive vibrator and the horn,
The ultrasonic oscillation circuit includes a power supply circuit, an amplifying unit, a matching unit, a feedback unit, a notification unit for notifying an abnormality of the handpiece unit when the natural frequency of the vibration system exceeds a preset frequency range, and a control unit The power supply circuit comprises a rectifier circuit for rectifying an AC voltage supplied from a commercial power supply, a smoothing circuit for reducing a pulsating current included in the DC voltage output from the rectifier circuit, and an amplitude of the output of the smoothing circuit. It has a stabilized power supply circuit that changes to a stable voltage according to the signal of the level setting circuit,
The amplification unit includes a transistor drive circuit and a power amplification circuit,
The matching unit can supply high-frequency power with low loss to the electrostrictive vibrator and maintain an appropriate driving amplitude to stably operate the electrostrictive vibrator, thereby increasing or decreasing the load on the female part. Consists of a matching circuit and amplitude adjustment circuit that keeps the vibration of the female part constant,
The feedback unit includes a feedback signal filter that removes a spurious frequency component of the electrostrictive vibrator included in the feedback signal in order to positively feed back the output from the matching circuit / amplitude adjustment circuit to the amplification unit as a feedback signal. A feedback signal Q circuit that adjusts the Q of the feedback circuit, and a feedback signal detection circuit that outputs the feedback signal output from the feedback signal Q circuit to the transistor drive circuit and the control unit,
The control unit is connected to the feedback signal detection circuit and detects a frequency of the feedback signal output from now, and a determination circuit that determines whether or not the frequency of the feedback signal is within a preset frequency range An amplitude level setting circuit for setting the amplitude level of the output in the stabilized power supply circuit according to the determination result output from the determination circuit, and driving of the notification means corresponding to the determination signal input from the determination circuit A drive control circuit for controlling
In the ultrasonic oscillation circuit, after the signal supplied from the transistor drive circuit is amplified by the power amplification circuit, the signal is positively fed back to the amplification unit through the matching unit and the feedback unit to generate high-frequency power. Furthermore, by converting the high-frequency power into ultrasonic vibration by putting the high-frequency power into the electrostrictive vibrator of the handpiece part through the matching part, and transmitting the ultrasonic vibration to the horn, The ultrasonic vibration with a predetermined amplitude at the tip of the horn causes the tip of the horn to act as a female part for crushing and cutting the living tissue, while the electrostrictive vibrator and the horn by raising the temperature of the horn from an appropriate temperature. When the natural frequency of a vibration system composed of electrostrictive vibrators decreases, the natural frequency is detected by a frequency detection circuit in the control unit, and the detected frequency is When the frequency range that is set is exceeded, a determination signal indicating abnormality is output from the determination circuit and is input to the amplitude level setting circuit and the drive control circuit, so that the amplitude level setting circuit can output before the determination signal is output. As a result of setting the output of the stabilized power supply circuit to an amplitude level lower than the set amplitude level, the high frequency power input to the electrostrictive vibrator through the amplifying unit and the matching unit is reduced and the electrostrictive type is also achieved. An ultrasonic surgical apparatus capable of suppressing heat generation in a handpiece part by reducing ultrasonic output in a vibrator and a horn is provided to solve the above problem.
[0009]
In the above-described ultrasonic surgical apparatus, the frequency detection circuit is connected to one of a matching circuit / amplitude adjustment circuit, a feedback signal filter, a feedback signal Q circuit, and a transistor drive circuit instead of the connection to the feedback signal detection circuit. May be configured to detect the frequency of the signal.
[0010]
Furthermore, in any one of the above-described ultrasonic surgical apparatuses, the notification means may be configured by a sound generation device that generates a predetermined warning sound and a display that performs a predetermined warning display.
[0011]
【Example】
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the ultrasonic surgical apparatus in this embodiment includes an ultrasonic oscillation circuit E for generating high-frequency power, and high-frequency power output from the ultrasonic oscillation circuit E as mechanical vibration energy of the female section. The handpiece part M comprises a tube body 2, an electrostrictive vibrator 3, a horn 4, an irrigation pipe 6 and the like, similar to the one shown in the prior art. It has become. However, the electrostrictive vibrator 3 used here has a suction hole 4b formed therein as shown in FIG. Therefore, the cooling mechanism for the horn and the electrostrictive vibrator 3 in this embodiment is constituted by the irrigation pipe 6 for supplying physiological saline, the suction hole 4b of the horn 4, and the suction path 4b communicating with the suction hole 4b. .
[0012]
The ultrasonic oscillation circuit E is configured as shown in FIG.
In the figure, a is a power supply circuit, in which 21 is a rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC voltage supplied from a predetermined commercial power supply 20, and 22 is a pulsating current included in the DC voltage output from this rectifier circuit. A smoothing circuit 23 reduces the output of the smoothing circuit and changes the output of the smoothing circuit to a stable voltage according to the signal of the amplitude level setting circuit 32.
[0013]
Reference numeral 24 denotes a power amplifying circuit that forms an amplifying part b together with a transistor drive circuit 29 described later, and 25 denotes a matching circuit and amplitude adjusting circuit as the matching part c. The matching circuit / amplitude adjustment circuit 25 can input high-frequency power with low loss to the electrostrictive vibrator 3 in the handpiece M, and is suitable for stable operation of the electrostrictive vibrator 3. The drive amplitude is maintained, and the vibration of the knife part 4a is kept constant with respect to increase / decrease of the load applied to the knife part (tip part of the horn 4) 4a.
[0014]
Further, d is a feedback unit that positively feeds back the output from the matching circuit / amplitude adjustment circuit to the amplification unit b as a feedback signal. The feedback unit d includes a feedback signal filter 26 that removes spurious frequency components of the electrostrictive vibrator 3 included in the feedback signal, a feedback signal Q circuit 27 that adjusts the Q of the feedback circuit, and the feedback signal Q circuit. The feedback signal detection circuit 28 outputs the feedback signal output from the transistor 27 to the transistor drive circuit 29 and the control unit e.
[0015]
On the other hand, the control unit e controls the driving of the notification means or the like based on the frequency of the feedback signal output from the feedback signal detection circuit 17, and includes a frequency detection circuit 30 for detecting the frequency of the feedback signal, and a feedback signal. A determination circuit 31 for determining whether or not the frequency of the output signal is within a preset frequency range, and output control for setting the amplitude level of the output in the stabilized power supply circuit 23 according to the determination result output from the determination circuit 31 It comprises an amplitude level setting circuit 32 as a circuit and a drive control circuit 33 for controlling the driving of the notification means.
The notification means f controlled by the control unit e includes a sound generation circuit 34 that outputs a predetermined sound signal and a speaker 35 that emits sound in accordance with the output from the sound generation circuit 34.
[0016]
As described above, the ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to this embodiment includes the ultrasonic oscillation circuit E including the power supply unit a, the amplification unit b, the matching unit c, the feedback unit d, the control unit e, the notification unit f, and the like. In this circuit E, after the signal supplied from the transistor drive circuit 29 is amplified by the amplification unit b, the signal is positively fed back to the amplification unit d through the matching unit c and the feedback unit d. The electric ultrasonic vibration is generated by this, and the electric ultrasonic vibration is input to the electrostrictive vibrator 3 of the handpiece part 1 through the matching part c, thereby converting the high frequency power into mechanical vibration energy. Then, the mechanical vibration energy is transmitted to the horn 4. Thereby, the front-end | tip part 4a of the horn 4 acts as a knife part which performs ultrasonic vibration with a predetermined amplitude and cuts a living tissue or the like.
[0017]
At this time, the vibration system composed of the electrostrictive vibrator 3 and the horn 4 generates heat along with the vibration conversion operation, but the cooling mechanism provided in the handpiece M is operating properly. The electrostrictive vibrator 3 and the horn 4 do not become hot, and can be used safely for an operator or a patient. However, the cooling mechanism may become inoperable due to clogging of the physiological saline supply pipe 5 and the suction path 3d. In such a case, the temperature of the electrostrictive vibrator 3 and the horn 4 is reduced in the conventional apparatus. In this embodiment, even when a malfunction of the cooling mechanism occurs, the electrostrictive vibrator 3 and the horn 4 can be prevented from being heated abnormally. .
[0018]
That is, when the function of the cooling mechanism is stopped and the temperature of the electrostrictive vibrator 3 and the horn 4 starts to rise from an appropriate temperature, the characteristic of the vibration system including the horn 4 and the electrostrictive vibrator 3 is increased according to the rise. The frequency starts to decrease. The natural frequency is detected by the frequency detection circuit 30 in the control unit e. When the detected frequency exceeds a preset frequency range, a determination signal indicating an abnormality is output from the determination circuit 31. This is input to the amplitude level setting circuit 32 and the drive control circuit 33.
[0019]
As a result, the amplitude level setting circuit 32 sets the output of the stabilizing power supply circuit 23 to an amplitude level lower than the amplitude level set before outputting the discrimination signal. As a result, the high-frequency power supplied to the electrostrictive vibrator 3 of the handpiece part M via the amplifying part b and the matching part c is reduced, so that the ultrasonic output from the electrostrictive vibrator 3 and the horn 4 is also reduced. As a result, heat generation is also reduced. Therefore, it is possible to completely eliminate the risk of burns caused by the handpiece M having a high temperature on the surgeon or the surgical site, and it is possible to prevent damage to the components of the apparatus or performance deterioration.
[0020]
In addition to the level changing operation of the amplitude level setting circuit 32, in this embodiment, the drive control circuit 33 that has received the discrimination signal drives the sound generation circuit 34 to generate a warning sound from the speaker 35. ing. For this reason, the surgeon can immediately recognize the occurrence of malfunction of the ultrasonic surgical apparatus by the warning sound.
[0021]
Note that the natural frequency range F1 that can be safely used for the surgeon, patient, and component parts is F, where the natural frequency in an appropriate state is, for example,
(F−0.01F) <F1 <(F + 0.01F).
Accordingly, the discrimination circuit 31 outputs a discrimination signal when a detection frequency outside the above range is input. However, the range shown here is an example, and it varies depending on the vibration system to be used.
[0022]
In addition, the fluctuation of the natural frequency of the electrostrictive vibrator 3 or the horn 4 is not only caused by abnormal heating due to the malfunction of the cooling mechanism as described above, but also when a component cracks, for example, This also occurs when the horn 4 is cracked. For this reason, when the warning sound is generated, if the cooling device is operating properly, it can be determined that some failure has occurred in the handpiece unit 4 or the like. That is, the apparatus in this embodiment also has a failure detection function.
[0023]
In the above embodiment, the frequency detection circuit 30 is connected to the feedback signal detection circuit 28 to detect the feedback signal frequency. However, the frequency detection circuit 30 includes the matching circuit / amplitude adjustment circuit 25, the feedback signal filter. 26, even when connected to the output of the feedback signal Q circuit 27, transistor drive circuit 29, etc., the frequency can be detected in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
[0024]
In the above embodiment, the amplitude level setting circuit 32 reduces the amplitude level of the stabilized power supply circuit 23 in accordance with the determination signal output from the determination circuit 31. The supply of high-frequency power to the handpiece unit M may be completely shut off by stopping output or shutting off other circuit parts.
[0025]
Further, the notification means f to be used is not limited to the one that generates sound as in the above embodiment, and a display is used to warn of the occurrence of various failures such as an abnormal rise in temperature. It may be displayed. Further, only one of the notification means f and the output control circuit 32 may be provided for the ultrasonic surgical apparatus, and in this case, the safety is greatly improved as compared with the conventional apparatus.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to the present invention detects or detects a failure in the cooling mechanism or other components in the handpiece portion, and reduces or stops the output of the ultrasonic oscillation circuit. Therefore, there is no risk that the handpiece part is abnormally heated, and sufficient safety for the operator and the patient can be ensured. In addition, since the temperature of the handpiece portion can be prevented, it is possible to prevent components such as the vibration system from being damaged by heat, and the durability of the apparatus is greatly improved.
[0027]
Furthermore, if the notification means is activated when a failure of the handpiece portion is detected, the occurrence of the failure can be immediately recognized by an operator or the like, and the occurrence of an accident can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the present invention, mainly showing the configuration of a handpiece part.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an ultrasonic oscillation circuit in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a handpiece part in a conventional ultrasonic surgical apparatus.
4 is a side view showing an electrostrictive vibrator built in the handpiece portion shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing another conventional electrostrictive vibrator.
[Explanation of symbols]
E Ultrasonic oscillator circuit M Handpiece part f Notification means 3 Electrostrictive vibrator 3d Suction path 4 Horn 4a Female part 4b Suction hole 5 Irrigation pipe 30 Frequency detection circuit 31 Discriminating circuit 32 Amplitude level setting circuit (output control circuit)
33 Drive control circuit 34 Audio generator 35 Speaker

Claims (3)

超音波発振回路からの高周波電力に応じてメス部に超音波振動を発生させるハンドピース部を備え、前記メス部の超音波振動によって生体組織の破砕・切断を行うようにした超音波手術装置であって、 前記ハンドピース部は、先端部をメス部とするホーンと、前記ホーンに接続され、超音波発振回路から出力される高周波電力を超音波振動に変換し、その超音波振動をホーンの先端部に伝達する電歪型振動子と、この電歪型振動子とホーンとからなる振動系を冷却する冷却機構と、を備える一方、
前記超音波発振回路は、電源回路、増幅部、整合部、帰還部、振動系の固有振動数が予め設定した周波数範囲を超えた場合にハンドピース部の異常を告知する告知手段、及び制御部、からなり、
前記電源回路は、商用電源から供給された交流電圧を整流する整流回路、この整流回路から出力された直流電圧に含まれる脈流を低減する平滑回路、この平滑回路の出力を振幅レベル設定回路の信号に応じて安定した電圧に変える安定化電源回路を具え、
前記増幅部は、トランジスタドライブ回路と電力増幅回路を具え、
前記整合部は、前記電歪型振動子に対し低損失で高周波電力を投入し得ると共にこの電歪型振動子を安定動作させるために適正な駆動振幅を保ち、メス部にかかる負荷の増減に対しメス部の振動を一定に保つ整合回路兼振幅調整回路で構成し、
前記帰還部は、前記整合回路兼振幅調整回路からの出力を帰還信号として前記増幅部へ正帰還させるために前記帰還信号に含まれる電歪型振動子のスプリアス周波数成分を除去する帰還信号フィルターと、帰還回路のＱを調整する帰還信号Ｑ回路と、この帰還信号Ｑ回路から出力された帰還信号を前記トランジスタドライブ回路及び制御部へと出力する帰還信号検出回路とからなり、
前記制御部は、前記帰還信号検出回路に接続されこれから出力された帰還信号の周波数を検出する周波数検出回路と、帰還信号の周波数が予め設定した周波数範囲内であるか否かを判別する判別回路と、この判別回路から出力される判別結果に応じて安定化電源回路における出力の振幅レベルを設定する振幅レベル設定回路と、前記判別回路から入力される判別信号に対応して前記告知手段の駆動を制御する駆動制御回路と、を具え、
前記超音波発振回路において、トランジスタドライブ回路から供給された信号を、電力増幅回路にて増幅した後、その信号を整合部及び帰還部を介して増幅部へと正帰還させることにより高周波電力を発生させ、さらに整合部を介してその高周波電力をハンドピース部の電歪型振動子に投入することにより高周波電力を超音波振動へと変換し、その超音波振動をホーンへと伝達することにより、ホーン先端部における所定振幅での超音波振動により、ホーン先端部を生体組織の破砕・切断を行うメス部として作用させる一方、電歪型振動子及びホーンの温度の適正温度からの上昇によるホーンと電歪型振動子とからなる振動系の固有振動数の低下に際して、その固有振動数を制御部における周波数検出回路により検出して、その検出周波数が予め設定した周波数範囲を超えた場合には、判別回路から異常を表す判別信号が出力され振幅レベル設定回路及び駆動制御回路に入力され、これにより、振幅レベル設定回路は、前記判別信号出力前に設定されていた振幅レベルより低い振幅レベルに安定化電源回路の出力を設定する結果、増幅部及び整合部を介して電歪型振動子に投入される高周波電力を低下させて併せて電歪型振動子及びホーンにおける超音波出力も低下させてハンドピース部における発熱を抑制できるようにしたことを特徴とする超音波手術装置。An ultrasonic surgical apparatus having a handpiece part that generates ultrasonic vibrations in a female part in response to high-frequency power from an ultrasonic oscillation circuit, and that performs crushing / cutting of a living tissue by ultrasonic vibrations of the female part. The handpiece portion is connected to the horn having a tip portion as a female portion, and is connected to the horn, converts high-frequency power output from the ultrasonic oscillation circuit into ultrasonic vibration, and converts the ultrasonic vibration to the horn. While comprising an electrostrictive vibrator that is transmitted to the tip, and a cooling mechanism that cools the vibration system composed of the electrostrictive vibrator and the horn,
The ultrasonic oscillation circuit includes a power supply circuit, an amplifying unit, a matching unit, a feedback unit, a notification unit for notifying an abnormality of the handpiece unit when the natural frequency of the vibration system exceeds a preset frequency range, and a control unit Consists of
The power supply circuit includes a rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC voltage supplied from a commercial power supply, a smoothing circuit that reduces a pulsating current included in the DC voltage output from the rectifier circuit, and outputs the smoothing circuit to an amplitude level setting circuit. It has a stabilized power supply circuit that changes to a stable voltage according to the signal,
The amplification unit includes a transistor drive circuit and a power amplification circuit,
The matching unit can supply high-frequency power with low loss to the electrostrictive vibrator and maintain an appropriate driving amplitude to stably operate the electrostrictive vibrator, thereby increasing or decreasing the load on the female part. Consists of a matching circuit and amplitude adjustment circuit that keeps the vibration of the female part constant,
The feedback unit includes a feedback signal filter that removes a spurious frequency component of the electrostrictive vibrator included in the feedback signal in order to positively feed back the output from the matching circuit / amplitude adjustment circuit as a feedback signal to the amplification unit. A feedback signal Q circuit that adjusts the Q of the feedback circuit, and a feedback signal detection circuit that outputs the feedback signal output from the feedback signal Q circuit to the transistor drive circuit and the control unit,
The control unit is connected to the feedback signal detection circuit and detects a frequency of the feedback signal output from now, and a determination circuit that determines whether or not the frequency of the feedback signal is within a preset frequency range An amplitude level setting circuit for setting the amplitude level of the output in the stabilized power supply circuit according to the determination result output from the determination circuit, and driving of the notification means corresponding to the determination signal input from the determination circuit A drive control circuit for controlling ,
In the ultrasonic oscillation circuit, after the signal supplied from the transistor drive circuit is amplified by the power amplification circuit , the signal is positively fed back to the amplification unit through the matching unit and the feedback unit to generate high-frequency power . It is, by further high-frequency power by turning the high frequency power to the electrostrictive vibrator of the handpiece portion through the matching unit is converted to ultrasonic vibration, and transmits the ultrasonic vibration to the horn, The ultrasonic vibration with a predetermined amplitude at the tip of the horn causes the tip of the horn to act as a female part for crushing and cutting the living tissue , while the electrostrictive vibrator and the horn by raising the temperature of the horn from an appropriate temperature. When the natural frequency of a vibration system composed of electrostrictive vibrators decreases, the natural frequency is detected by a frequency detection circuit in the control unit, and the detected frequency is If it exceeds the frequency range set because the determination signal indicating an abnormality from the determination circuit is input to the output amplitude level setting circuit and the drive control circuit, by which the amplitude level setting circuit, before the determination signal output As a result of setting the output of the stabilized power supply circuit to an amplitude level lower than the set amplitude level, the high frequency power input to the electrostrictive vibrator through the amplifying unit and the matching unit is reduced and the electrostrictive type is also achieved. An ultrasonic surgical apparatus characterized in that the ultrasonic output in the vibrator and the horn is also reduced so that heat generation in the handpiece part can be suppressed . 請求項１記載の超音波手術装置において、周波数検出回路は前記帰還信号検出回路への接続に替えて、整合回路兼振幅調整回路、帰還信号フィルター，帰還信号Ｑ回路，トランジスタドライブ回路のいずれかに接続されて信号の周波数を検出するようにしたことを特徴とする超音波手術装置。2. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the frequency detection circuit is replaced with a connection to the feedback signal detection circuit, and is one of a matching circuit / amplitude adjustment circuit, a feedback signal filter, a feedback signal Q circuit, and a transistor drive circuit. An ultrasonic surgical apparatus that is connected to detect a frequency of a signal. 請求項１又は２記載の超音波手術装置において、前記告知手段は、所定の警告音を発生させる音声発生装置および又は所定の警告表示を行う表示器により構成した3. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the notification means includes a sound generator that generates a predetermined warning sound and a display that displays a predetermined warning. ことを特徴とする超音波手術装置。An ultrasonic surgical apparatus characterized by that.
JP16933395A 1995-06-13 1995-06-13 Ultrasonic surgical device Expired - Lifetime JP4219418B2 (en)

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