JP4125611B2 - Adhesion prevention element and adhesion prevention device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an adhesion preventing element and an adhesion preventing apparatus, and more particularly to an adhesion preventing element and an adhesion preventing apparatus suitable for preventing loose materials from adhering to the inside of an unloader casing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An unloader is used as a transporting machine for unloading bulk objects from a ship to the land. This unloader picks up the bulk material in the hold up by a plurality of buckets attached to the chain, transfers it to the belt conveyor inside the casing provided at the top of the unloader, transports it horizontally, and transports it to the discharge end of the belt conveyor To do. During this work, when transferring from the unloader to the belt conveyor, loose objects and powder thereof spill and fall on the air flow, so that they adhere to and accumulate on the surface inside the casing. If the attached and accumulated roses remain, and the type of roses to be subsequently handled changes, there is a possibility that heterogeneous mixing occurs.
[0003]
For this reason, every time the type of loose material to be handled changes, it is necessary to clean the inside of the casing.As this cleaning method, a method of manually cleaning with an air hose, a cleaning nozzle inside the casing and directly A method of washing with water or a method of scraping with a scraper has been used.
[0004]
In the method of manual cleaning using an air hose, compressed air is blown out instantaneously to discharge adhered and deposited loose matter.
In the method of directly washing the inside of the casing with water, the pressure of the water ejected from the washing nozzle and the position where the washing nozzle is disposed in the casing are optimized, and the parameters for dropping the attached rose are determined. And according to this parameter, the inside of a casing is washed with water.
[0005]
Moreover, patent document 1 is mentioned as an apparatus which scrapes off the loose thing adhering to the inside of a casing with a scraper. In this apparatus, the scraper is arranged in a multi-stage with upper and lower stages, and this scraper is connected to a holding cylinder that expands and contracts an elevator section that scoops up loose objects. Each time the holding cylinder expands or contracts the elevator section, the scraper moves up and down in conjunction with each other. The scraps attached to the inside of the casing are scraped off by the vertical movement of the scraper.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-1121940 [0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the manual cleaning method using an air hose is difficult to perform frequently because it depends on manual operations, and the cleaning operation may take several hours or more. Was supposed to be wasted. Further, in the method of washing with water, there is a risk that the bucket will get wet as well as the inside of the casing where the loose matter has adhered and accumulated, and if the bucket gets wet, it will cause many loose things to adhere. In addition, in the method of scraping off with a scraper, loose matter adheres and accumulates on the scraper, which causes mixing of different kinds. Further, these methods are performed from the viewpoint of dropping the already attached and accumulated roses, and are not performed from the viewpoint of preventing adhesion. For this reason, the technique of preventing the rose thing adhering to the inside of a casing efficiently is not established.
[0008]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an adhesion preventing element and an adhesion preventing device for preventing a substance such as a rose from adhering to a wall surface or the like in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, an adhesion preventing element according to the present invention is provided on a substrate with an adhesion detection sensor for determining that a substance has adhered to a surface by threshold processing and an actuator for removing the substance by vibration. It is characterized by that.
[0010]
In this case, the substrate is provided with a circuit for processing a signal from the adhesion detection sensor and outputting the result of the processing to an actuator, and the adhesion detection sensor and the actuator provided on the substrate are arranged in a matrix. It can be constituted.
[0011]
In addition, the adhesion preventing device of the present invention includes an adhesion detection sensor that detects that a substance has adhered to the surface by an electrical change, and an actuator that serves as a means for removing the substance, and outputs a signal from the adhesion detection sensor. A plurality of anti-adhesion elements arranged in a matrix on a substrate provided with a circuit for processing and outputting the result of the processing to an actuator are disposed in a lattice pattern on a flexible sheet, Is provided with a power supply means for supplying power to the adhesion preventing element.
[0012]
In addition, an adhesion detection sensor that detects that a substance has adhered to the surface by an electrical change, and an actuator that serves as a means for removing the substance, processes a signal from the adhesion detection sensor, and results of the process A plurality of anti-adhesion elements arranged in a matrix on a substrate provided with a circuit for outputting a signal to the actuator are arranged in close contact with the wall material in a grid pattern, and power is supplied to the anti-adhesion element on the wall material An electric power supply means is provided.
[0013]
In addition, an adhesion detection sensor that detects that a substance has adhered to the surface by an electrical change, and an actuator that serves as a means for removing the substance, processes a signal from the adhesion detection sensor, and results of the process A plurality of anti-adhesive elements arranged in a matrix on a substrate provided with a circuit for outputting an actuator to the actuator and arranged in a lattice on a flexible sheet, and the flexible sheet is placed in an unloader bucket It is characterized in that it is arranged inside a casing surrounding the conveyor section.
[0014]
[Action]
In the present invention configured as described above, the substance can be removed by detecting that the substance has adhered and operating the actuator.
In addition, since the actuator and the adhesion detection sensor are arranged in a matrix on the substrate and the circuit for controlling the adhesion detection sensor and the actuator is provided on the substrate, this element can be operated independently. Then, it is possible to remove the adhered substance by determining that the substance has adhered to the adhesion detection sensor by a circuit provided on the substrate and operating all the actuators provided in the element.
[0015]
In addition, since the adhesion prevention device is configured by arranging a plurality of adhesion prevention elements on the flexible sheet or wall material so as to form a lattice, it can be installed at a wide range of installation locations at once. . In addition, since a wiring for supplying power to the adhesion preventing element is provided on the flexible sheet or wall material, compared to the case where the adhesion preventing element is installed one by one, It is possible to install an adhesion prevention device quickly and easily. Thereby, the substance adhering to a wide range can be removed. Further, since only the adhesion preventing element having a substance adhered to the adhesion detection sensor operates the actuator, it is possible to efficiently prevent adhesion. In addition, when an adhesion preventing device in which an adhesion preventing element is disposed on a flexible sheet is used, the sheet can be disposed closely even if the installation location is curved or bent. Further, when an adhesion preventing device having an adhesion preventing element disposed on a wall material is used, it can be disposed in water.
[0016]
Further, by arranging the adhesion preventing device in the casing or bucket of the unloader, it is possible to prevent the adhesion and accumulation of loose objects, and to prevent the heterogeneous mixing of loose objects. In addition, when handling different kinds of loose objects, there is no need to clean with air or water, so efficient cargo handling can be performed.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of an adhesion preventing element and an adhesion preventing device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adhesion detection sensor that detects adhesion of a substance such as a rose. The adhesion detection sensor 20 includes a cantilever type piezoelectric element vibration sensor. The adhesion detection sensor 20 is provided with an electrode 22 at one end of the substrate 12, and this electrode is formed of a metal thin film. Further, a pedestal 24 thicker than the electrode 22 is provided at a portion of the end portion of the substrate 12 opposite to one portion of the end portion of the substrate 12. An electrode 26 is provided on the upper side of the pedestal 24 so as to face the substrate 12, and the electrode 26 is formed of a metal thin film. An insulating layer 28 is formed on the upper side of the electrode 26 by an insulating thin film, and a piezoelectric piece 30 made of two layers of piezoelectric thin films is provided on the upper side of the insulating layer 28. An electrode 26 formed of a metal thin film on the pedestal 24, an insulating layer 28 formed of an insulating thin film, and a piezoelectric piece 30 formed of two layers of piezoelectric thin films form a laminated structure. A high frequency power supply 32 is connected to the electrode 22 provided on the substrate 12, and a DC power supply 34 is connected to the electrode 26 formed on the upper side of the base 24. Further, a terminal 36 for reading a frequency signal is connected to each of the two piezoelectric thin films forming the piezoelectric piece 30. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, and the actual wiring of the high frequency power supply 32, the wiring of the direct current power supply 34, and the terminal 36 for reading the frequency signal are connected to the inside of the base 24 and the surface of the substrate 12. is there.
[0018]
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an actuator for removing the adhered substance. 2A is a side view of the actuator, and FIG. 2B is a plan view of the substrate of the actuator. The actuator 40 has a configuration in which a plate portion 42 is provided on the substrate 12 and the adhered material is removed by the vibration of the plate portion 42. In FIG. 2A, the electrodes formed on the substrate 12 are omitted. The substrate 12 of the actuator 40 is provided with electrodes 44 and 46 at opposite corners, respectively. In addition, support portions 52 are provided at corners of the substrate 12 where the electrodes 44 and 46 are not provided. A yoke 48 is provided between the electrodes 44 and 46, and the yoke 48 is supported on the support portion 52 by a hinge 54. A post 50 suspended from the plate portion 42 is joined to the central portion of the yoke 48 to support the plate portion 42. Similar to the adhesion detection sensor 20, the wiring connected to the electrodes 44 and 46 has a configuration in which the wiring is attached to the substrate surface.
[0019]
The adhesion detection sensor 20 and the actuator 40 configured as described above are integrated to form an adhesion preventing element. FIG. 3 shows an adhesion preventing element when the adhesion detection sensor 20 and the actuator 40 are arranged in a matrix on the substrate. FIG. 3A is a schematic plan view, and FIG. 3B is a schematic enlarged side view. .
[0020]
The adhesion preventing element 10 has a structure in which an adhesion detection sensor 20 and an actuator 40 are arranged in a matrix on a substrate 12 divided into two layers, and the length of one side is about 5 mm. That is, the adhesion detection sensor 20 is disposed at the center of the substrate 12, and a plurality of actuators 40 are disposed around the adhesion detection sensor 20 at intervals that do not contact each other. Further, in the substrate 12 divided into the two layers, the lower substrate 12a becomes a circuit unit, and a circuit such as a power supply circuit, an A / D conversion unit, or a signal processing unit for controlling the adhesion detection sensor 20 and the actuator 40 is provided. (Not shown). Further, the upper substrate 12b becomes a mechanical structure portion, and the mechanical structure portions of the adhesion detection sensor 20 and the actuator 40 are provided.
[0021]
A plurality of adhesion preventing elements 10 configured as described above are used and closely arranged in a grid pattern on a flexible sheet to constitute an adhesion preventing apparatus. The flexible sheet of the adhesion preventing device is provided with wiring and terminals serving as power supply means. The wiring of the power supply means is provided on a flexible sheet and supplies power to each adhesion preventing element 10. The terminal is provided at one location of a flexible sheet and connects the wiring to an external power source.
[0022]
In addition to the above-described embodiment, the adhesion preventing device can be configured such that the adhesion preventing element 10 is closely arranged in a lattice shape on a wall material such as a tile. Also in this case, the wall material is provided with wiring and terminals that serve as power supply means, and the wiring supplies power to each adhesion preventing element 10. The terminal is provided at one place of the wall material and connects the wiring to an external power source.
[0023]
The adhesion preventing device configured as described above is disposed at a position where it is desired to prevent the adhesion of the substance. When this adhesion preventing device is attached to the unloader, it is inside the casing or the bucket surrounding the bucket conveyor portion. The operation of this adhesion preventing device is as follows.
[0024]
FIG. 4 shows a flow of operation of the adhesion preventing apparatus. A high frequency voltage is applied to the electrode 22 formed on the substrate 12 in the adhesion detection sensor 20 of each adhesion preventing element 10 of the adhesion preventing device. A DC voltage is applied to the electrode 26 formed on the pedestal 24. The high frequency voltage and the direct current voltage cause an attractive force or a repulsive force between the electrode 22 and the electrode 26 to vibrate the piezoelectric piece 30. At this time, if a substance adheres to the adhesion detection sensor 20, the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric piece 30 changes.
[0025]
The vibration frequency of the piezoelectric piece 30 is input as a frequency signal to the A / D converter formed on the substrate 12 via the terminal 36. The A / D converter converts the input frequency signal from an analog signal to a digital signal and outputs it to the signal processor. The signal processing unit performs threshold processing on the input digital signal, and determines that the substance has adhered if a value greater than a preset value is obtained. If only a value less than the set value is obtained, it is determined that the substance is not attached. When the signal processing unit determines that the substance has adhered, a signal is output to all the actuators 40 provided in the adhesion preventing element 10.
[0026]
In the actuator 40, a voltage is applied to one of the electrodes 44 and 46 on the substrate 12 based on the signal to generate an electrostatic force between the electrode 44 (electrode 46) and the plate portion 42. The part 42 is attracted to the electrode 44 (electrode 46). And if the board part 42 inclines to the maximum, the voltage supply to the electrode 44 (electrode 46) will be stopped, and the inclination of the board part 42 will be returned. Next, a voltage is applied to the electrode 46 (electrode 44) opposite to the previous time, and the plate part 42 is inclined to the opposite side to the previous time. And if the board part 42 inclines to the maximum, a voltage supply will be stopped and the inclination of the board part 42 will be returned. This vibration operation is repeated until the frequency signal from the adhesion detection sensor 20 becomes a value less than the threshold value set in the signal processing unit, that is, until the substance adhered to the adhesion detection sensor 20 is removed.
[0027]
This anti-adhesion device is configured such that, among the plural anti-adhesion elements 10, only the anti-adhesion element 10 that is determined to have adhered is operated to drop the adhering substance. Operate.
[0028]
According to such an embodiment, when a substance adheres to the adhesion preventing device, the vibration frequency of the adhesion detection sensor 20 changes, and the actuator 40 operates when the frequency signal exceeds the threshold processing set value due to this change. Since this operation continues until the frequency signal falls below the threshold value, the substance can be removed and the substance can be prevented from adhering and depositing. In addition, the adhesion preventing device can be disposed in a narrow gap where human hands and water do not reach, and furthermore, since it does not require optimization of adhesion prevention, it is possible to efficiently prevent adhesion.
[0029]
Further, the adhesion preventing device has a configuration in which a plurality of adhesion preventing elements 10 are arranged in a lattice shape on a flexible sheet or wall material. When an adhesion preventing device having an adhesion preventing element disposed on a flexible sheet is used, the sheet can be disposed in close contact even if the installation location is curved or bent. Further, when an adhesion preventing device in which an adhesion preventing element is disposed on a wall material such as a tile is used, it can be disposed in water. This anti-adhesion device can be installed at once in a wide range of places where it is desired to prevent the adhesion of substances, and it takes less time to install than the case where the anti-adhesion elements 10 are installed one by one. Further, since the wiring for supplying electric power to the adhesion preventing element 10 has already been provided on the sheet or wall material of the adhesion preventing apparatus, the installation time of the adhesion preventing apparatus at a location where the adhesion is to be prevented can be shortened. Thereby, an adhesion preventing device can be easily installed, and substances that adhere to a wide range can be removed.
[0030]
In addition, since each adhesion preventing element 10 of the adhesion preventing device operates independently, it is not necessary to operate the actuators 40 provided in all the adhesion preventing elements 10 even if a substance adheres. That is, since only the adhesion preventing element 10 having the adhesion detection sensor 20 determined to have adhered the substance operates the actuator 40, it is possible to efficiently prevent adhesion. Further, when the substance to be adhered is large and adheres across the plurality of adhesion detection sensors 20, only the actuators 40 of the plurality of adhesion preventing elements 10 that have detected that the substance has adhered are operated, so that the adhesion is efficiently prevented. be able to.
[0031]
Further, when the frequency of the high frequency power supply 32 that supplies a voltage to the adhesion detection sensor 20 is increased, the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric piece 30 is increased, and the sensitivity for detecting the frequency change when the substance is adhered is increased. Thereby, the sensitivity of the adhesion detection sensor 20 is increased, and even if a light substance is adhered, it can be detected and the light adhesion substance can be removed.
[0032]
Further, when the adhesion preventing device is arranged inside the casing provided in the unloader, it is possible to prevent the loose particles and fine powders from adhering due to the operation of the actuator 40, and even when different kinds of loose matters are loaded, different kinds of mixing occur. Nothing will happen. Moreover, since it is not necessary to clean the inside of a casing with air or water, efficient cargo handling can be performed.
[0033]
In the present embodiment, the adhesion detection sensor 20 of the adhesion prevention element 10 has been described as a piezoelectric element vibration sensor. However, as another embodiment, the adhesion detection sensor 20 can be a sensor that detects adhesion of a substance by a change in capacitance. That is, two electrodes are provided on the surface of the sensor, and a DC voltage is applied to these electrodes. When a substance adheres to the electrodes, the capacitance between the electrodes changes. This change amount is subjected to threshold processing by an A / D conversion unit and a signal processing unit provided on the substrate 12 to determine whether or not a substance has adhered.
[0034]
Further, as another embodiment of the actuator 40, a pump for ejecting air can be used. That is, a passage for supplying air to the pump in the substrate and a valve in the passage near the jet outlet are provided, and when the adhesion detection sensor 20 detects the adhesion of the substance, the valve opens to eject air. It is. Further, a supply passage for supplying air to the passage of the substrate 12 may be provided in the sheet or wall material of the adhesion preventing device.
[0035]
As an application example of the adhesion preventing apparatus according to the present embodiment, it can be applied to a tableting machine in addition to the case of using it for an unloader. That is, it is possible to prevent adhesion of the powder before the medicine or the like is made into a tablet by disposing the adhesion preventing device at a place where the tableting machine for making the medicine or the like needs to be cleaned.
Moreover, the adhesion prevention apparatus can be prevented from adhering to shellfish adhering to and accumulating in seawater channel facilities by applying water-resistant treatment to the seawater channel.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The adhesion preventing apparatus according to the present invention is configured such that an adhesion detection sensor that determines that a substance has adhered to a surface by threshold processing and an actuator that removes the substance by vibration are provided on a substrate. Thereby, it can prevent that substances, such as a rose, adhere to a wall surface etc.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adhesion detection sensor according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an actuator according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an adhesion preventing element according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an operation flow of the adhesion preventing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ......... Anti-adhesion element, 12 ..... Board | substrate, 20 ..... Adhesion detection sensor, 30 ..... Piezoelectric piece, 40 .... Actuator, 42 ..... Plate part, 48 .... Yoke, 50 .. …… Post, 52 ……… Supporting part, 54 ……… Hinge.

Claims (4)

Provided with attachment detection sensor for determining the threshold processing that the material attached to the surface, and an actuator is removed by vibrating the material on a substrate,
Wherein the substrate to process the signal from the attachment detection sensor, a circuit for outputting results of the processing to the actuator is provided, and the said and the attachment detection sensor actuator characterized by being arranged in matrix adhesion Prevention element. An adhesion detection sensor that detects that a substance has adhered to the surface by an electrical change, and an actuator that serves as a means for removing the substance, processes a signal from the adhesion detection sensor, and determines the result of the process as an actuator An adhesion preventing element formed in a matrix on a substrate provided with a circuit that outputs to
An adhesion preventing apparatus, comprising: a plurality of sheets arranged in close contact with each other on a flexible sheet; and a power supply means for supplying power to the adhesion preventing element. An adhesion detection sensor that detects that a substance has adhered to the surface by an electrical change, and an actuator that serves as a means for removing the substance, processes a signal from the adhesion detection sensor, and determines the result of the process as an actuator An adhesion preventing element formed in a matrix on a substrate provided with a circuit that outputs to
An adhesion prevention device, wherein a plurality of closely arranged grids are arranged on a wall material, and the wall material is provided with power supply means for supplying electric power to the adhesion prevention element. An adhesion detection sensor that detects that a substance has adhered to the surface by an electrical change, and an actuator that serves as a means for removing the substance, processes a signal from the adhesion detection sensor, and determines the result of the process as an actuator A plurality of anti-adhesion elements arranged in a matrix on a substrate provided with a circuit for outputting to a flexible sheet are arranged in a lattice on a flexible sheet,
An adhesion preventing apparatus, wherein the flexible sheet is disposed inside a casing surrounding a bucket conveyor portion of an unloader.

Images