JP3982040B2 - Method and apparatus for treating halogen-containing materials - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a treatment method and a treatment apparatus for treating an object to be treated such as waste containing a large amount of halogen (chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.) by performing a thermal treatment such as thermal decomposition, and in particular, a pre-process. In the decomposition reaction step of the above, when removing the moisture adhering to the object to be processed and decomposing and precipitating the halogen substance (especially chlorine) contained in the object to be processed, it is reacted with an alkali substance to form harmless chloride. By generating substitution, harmful dioxins are prevented from being generated, and the exhaust gas is harmless and the object to be treated is harmed.In the next process, the harmless object to be treated is separated from the previous process. The present invention relates to a processing method and apparatus for reducing the volume of carbonization or ashing in a heat treatment furnace so that no halogen substance remains in the residue.
[0002]
[Prior art]
General waste such as municipal waste, industrial waste, shredder dust, vinyl chloride and other waste contain halogen substances (chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine, astatine), especially incineration because they contain a large amount of chlorine components. When heat treatment is performed, a large amount of chlorine-based gas (hydrogen chloride, chlorine) is generated, and the generated gas (exhaust gas), the residue after incineration (treated ash), and the highly toxic dioxin in the fly ash in the exhaust gas To produce problems such as environmental pollution and deterioration of incineration facilities. Therefore, development of techniques for solving these problems has been advanced, and the following techniques are currently disclosed.
[0003]
(1) Treatment method by incineration This method is to incinerate wastes and other objects to be treated in an incinerator. When incinerated, spray an alkali substance (lime powder) into the incinerator and incinerate it. A contact reaction with the chlorine-based gas in the generated exhaust gas is performed to generate harmless chloride (calcium chloride) to make the exhaust gas harmless (for example, JP-A-54-93864).
[0004]
(2) Treatment method by dry distillation (pyrolysis) As this treatment method, pyrolysis is performed using a single rotary furnace (rotary kiln), the discharged residue is incinerated with a post-stoker, and the pyrolysis gas is reburned. A method has been proposed in which a high-temperature gas generated by combustion in a chamber is passed through a boiler or the like, and then guided to a reaction tower, in which the slaked lime slurry is sprayed and reacted with exhaust gas in the same manner as described above. (For example, JP-A-5-33916).
[0005]
Also, heat treatment of the waste by a low-temperature carbonization method in a rotary processing furnace converts it into low-temperature carbonization gas and pyrolysis residue, which is burned in a high-temperature combustion furnace to produce molten liquid slag, which is cooled. There has also been proposed a processing method in which the generated gas is solidified into a glass and the generated gas is processed by a boiler, a removal filter, and a gas purification device and discharged (for example, JP-A-8-510789).
[0006]
As another method, when heat-treating an object to be treated in a heat treatment furnace, an appropriate amount of an alkaline additive that easily reacts with the chlorine component is mixed and heat-treated, and the chlorine component is fixed to the treated ash and harmless. In addition, a method has been proposed in which fresh exhaust gas is obtained and the treated ash is freed from chlorine by water washing or the like (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-155326).
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the method by the incineration treatment described above, since the alkaline substance is sprayed in the incinerator, the treatment is performed at a place close to the generation source, but the treatment is performed after the chlorine-based gas is once generated.
[0008]
Therefore, according to this method, the removal effect of chlorine gas can be expected to some extent, but it is difficult to sufficiently satisfy the emission standard values of various gases according to the revised regulations.
[0009]
Moreover, since it is incineration, the reaction temperature is high and it is difficult to maintain a stable reaction. Moreover, if it sprays in large quantities, it will adversely affect the original combustion (occurrence of unburned phenomenon) and it will be difficult to satisfy the emission standard values of various gases stipulated by laws and regulations.
[0010]
Moreover, since the method using the dry distillation process thermally decomposes the object to be treated without burning it, the instability factor as in an incinerator is easily removed. However, the same effect as in the case of incineration can be expected when the alkali substance is sprayed into the heat treatment furnace as in the incinerator.
[0011]
Also, in each of the above treatment methods, if the exhaust gas contains a large amount of halogen substances (especially chlorine-based gas), the corrosion of facilities such as heat treatment furnaces and flues becomes significant, and the durability of the facility is reduced. There is a risk of leaks and maintenance becomes difficult.
[0012]
In any of the above processing methods, once a chlorine-based gas is generated from the object to be processed, problems arise due to removal of the chlorine-based gas and dioxins in a later process (by means such as a bag filter or combustion). is doing.
[0013]
In order to solve these problems, the applicant of the present application has proposed that an alkaline additive is mixed in the heat treatment (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-155326).
[0014]
In each treatment method using the above-mentioned dry distillation treatment, the treatment for thermally decomposing an object to be treated and precipitating the decomposition gas is performed in a single treatment furnace. That is, it is carried out in a series of processes in which a workpiece is supplied from one supply port of a single processing furnace and carbide is discharged from the other discharge port. In this series of processes, the heat treatment (for example, 1 hour, 300 ° C. to 600 ° C.) is performed while stirring the object to be processed, so that each treatment of the object to be processed is dry → thermal decomposition → volume reduction (carbonization) It is done continuously.
[0015]
By the way, the temperature at which the halogen substance is thermally decomposed and deposited from the object to be processed is about 200 ° C. to 350 ° C., and the halogen substance decomposed and deposited in the processing furnace, in particular, the chlorine-based gas is easily filled. . Therefore, dioxins may be generated at this point.
[0016]
In addition, the object to be treated is agitated, and the generated chlorine-based gas is likely to be caught in the object to be treated. When the object to be treated is heated to a temperature of 350 ° C. or more and becomes carbide, it is adsorbed by the carbide. End up.
[0017]
If the generated carbide, chlorine-based gas, and generated dioxins exist in the processing furnace at the same time, the carbide adsorbs these chlorine-based gas and dioxins, and once adsorbed dioxins are removed from the carbide. It is very difficult.
[0018]
Therefore, it is difficult to reuse the produced carbide, and it is necessary to embed it as a residue in a final disposal site or to treat it by another means such as melting at a very high temperature.
[0019]
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to remove the moisture adhering to the object to be processed at the time of decomposition of the object to be processed, and then raise the temperature to decompose and precipitate the halogen substance from the object to be processed. Halogenous substances (especially hydrogen chloride) and alkaline substances are reliably brought into contact reaction to form harmless chlorides, thereby detoxifying exhaust gases and residues, and this detoxified residue is treated separately. The purpose is to reduce the volume by carbonization in a furnace and to enable reuse.
[0020]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various experimental studies, the inventor of the present application is that the heat treatment furnace is a substantially sealed space, removes moisture (H ₂ O) adhering (or contained) to the object to be treated, and then the object to be treated. Environments in which halogen substances (especially chlorine, etc.) that are contained in the product and are caused by dioxin formation are decomposed and deposited from the object to be treated and contacted with alkaline substances, and then volume reduction (carbonization, ashing) It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by performing the heat treatment in different environments.
[0021]
In addition, by adding an alkaline substance to the material to be treated and heat-treating it, the halogen substance, especially hydrogen chloride, reacts with the alkali substance immediately after decomposition and decomposition to produce harmless chloride, and exhaust gas is generated at the source. It was also found that the residue can be detoxified, and the conventional exhaust gas containing chlorine gas is not required to be detoxified.
[0022]
The present invention has been made as a result of these experimental studies. The decomposition reaction step includes a step of heating and removing moisture adhering to the object to be treated, and a halogen substance (chlorine) contained in the object to be treated. Etc.) is decomposed by heating and contacted with the added alkaline substance to produce harmless chlorides, detoxified, and then the detoxified material to be detoxified in this decomposition reaction process It is transferred to another heat treatment furnace and heated at a carbonization temperature of 350 ° C. or higher (paper is carbonized at about 350 ° C.) or higher and carbonized, or heated to 800 ° C. or higher and ashed to reduce the volume.
[0023]
Since the chlorine-based gas component and dioxins are not present in the heat treatment furnace in this volume reduction process, the carbonized object is not adsorbed. Therefore, detoxification of the reduced carbide and ash can be realized, and reuse as a resource becomes possible.
[0024]
Therefore, specific means for solving the problems according to the present invention are as follows:
In the treatment method for reducing the volume of the object to be processed by heat-treating the object to be processed containing the halogen substance, the heat treatment is performed by adding an alkali substance to the object to be processed and heating it in a heating furnace. A decomposition reaction step of decomposing and precipitating a halogen substance from the catalyst, generating a harmless chloride by contact reaction with an alkali substance, and detoxifying the exhaust gas and detoxifying the object to be treated; and A volume reduction step of reducing the volume of the treated material by carbonization or the like, and the decomposition reaction step includes a drying step for removing moisture from the material to be treated, and a chloride production step for producing harmless chloride. These steps are performed in different heat treatment furnaces.
[0025]
In other words, after the treatment object is dried and water is removed in the decomposition reaction step, an alkaline substance is added to the treatment object in the chloride production step and heated to 200 ° C. to 350 ° C. The chlorinated gas that has been analyzed is contacted with an alkaline substance present in the vicinity at the same time as it is generated and replaced with harmless chloride to make the exhaust gas harmless, and at the same time, the material to be treated does not contain chlorinated gas.
[0026]
Alkaline substances added in the decomposition reaction step react with halogen substances to produce harmless chlorides, alkali metals (Na, K, etc.), alkaline earth metals (Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra), alkaline earths At least one type is selected from substances contained in metal compounds (lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, dolomide, etc.). The decomposition reaction step goes to a chloride generation step after passing through a drying step of drying the object to be processed.
[0027]
A processing apparatus for realizing this processing method includes a drying furnace for drying an object to be processed and an alkali substance added to the object to be processed to decompose and precipitate a halogen substance from the object to be processed. A chloride generation furnace that produces harmless chloride by contact reaction, a volume reduction heat treatment furnace that reduces the volume of the object to be processed in the chloride generation furnace by carbonization, and the like. And a drying treatment furnace, a chloride generation furnace, and a volume reduction heat treatment furnace, each of which includes a supply port for supplying the object to be processed and a discharge port for discharging the object to the other side. And a heating means for heating the cylindrical body from the outside, and a means for transferring the inside of the cylindrical body from the supply port side to the discharge port side while stirring. Between the exhaust outlet and the supply port of the chloride generator through a duct The discharge port of the chloride generation furnace and the supply port of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace communicate with each other through another duct, and the object to be processed is supplied from the supply port of the drying process furnace, and the discharge of the volume reduction treatment furnace is performed. It is configured to discharge from the outlet.
[0028]
The drying treatment furnace, the chloride production furnace, and the volume reduction heat treatment furnace are placed side by side in the up and down direction, and the discharge port of the drying treatment furnace and the supply port of the chloride production furnace are connected by a duct, The discharge port of the chloride generation furnace and the supply port of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace are communicated with each other through another duct. By sequentially arranging in this manner, the workpiece is smoothly transferred from the drying treatment furnace to the chloride production furnace and the volume reduction heat treatment furnace.
[0029]
When two drying treatment furnaces are used, they are provided on both sides of the duct in the upper part of the duct.
[0030]
In addition, a drying treatment furnace and a chloride production furnace are disposed above and below both sides of the duct, and a chloride production furnace and a volume reduction heat treatment furnace are provided above and below the same side surface of the duct.
[0031]
When communicating in a plane rather than up and down, a transfer means such as a screw body or a conveyor for transferring an object to be processed into the duct is required.
[0032]
At least one drying treatment furnace for removing moisture, a chloride production furnace for decomposing and reacting a halogen substance, and / or a heat treatment furnace for volume reduction treatment must be arranged. You may arrange.
[0033]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present invention, as described above, when an object to be processed containing a halogen substance is heat-treated, a decomposition reaction step in which the halogen substance is decomposed and precipitated from the object to be processed and reacted with a treatment agent made of an alkaline substance, and this decomposition reaction A process for reducing the volume of the object to be processed in the process by carbonization or the like is performed in a different heat treatment furnace, and a decomposition reaction process is performed by a drying process for removing moisture from the object to be processed, a precipitated halogen substance and an alkali. It is characterized in that it is divided into a chloride generation process in which a substance is reacted to generate harmless chloride, and these processes are performed in different heat treatment furnaces. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a waste treatment facility for explaining this basic idea.
[0034]
In FIG. 1, 10 is a drying treatment furnace, 20 is a chloride production furnace, and a halogen which is decomposed by heat-treating an object to be treated from which moisture (H ₂ O) has been removed in the drying treatment furnace 10 and an additive comprising an alkaline substance. A substance (especially chlorine) reacts with an alkaline substance to produce a harmless chloride. Reference numeral 30 denotes a volume reduction heat treatment furnace.
[0035]
The drying treatment furnace 10 includes a rotatable cylindrical body 11, a heating cylinder 12 that heats the cylindrical body 11 by forming a gas duct around the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 11, and one end of the cylindrical body 11. Is provided with a supply port 13 for supplying an object to be processed into the cylindrical body 11 and a discharge port 14 provided at the other end of the cylindrical body 11. Driven by rotation. The rotation driving means 15 includes a driving motor 15 a, a driving gear 15 b, and a driven gear 15 c provided on the cylindrical body 11. 16 is a supply side duct surrounding the supply port 13 side, 17 is a discharge side duct surrounding the discharge port 14 side, 18 is a heating coil (induction heating or resistor), and the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 11 on both sides of the heating cylinder 12 The cylindrical body 11 is provided in a non-contact manner and close to the cylindrical body 11 and constitutes a heating means together with the heating cylinder 12.
[0036]
In the figure, 19 indicates a temperature sensor mounting cylinder, and P indicates a dynamic seal.
[0037]
The basic structure of the chloride generation furnace 20 and the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30 is the same as that of the drying treatment furnace 10. Therefore, in the same or corresponding parts, the next digit after 20 and 30 is the same number (for example, cylindrical bodies 11, 21, 31, heating cylinders 12, 22, 32), and detailed description is omitted.
[0038]
Reference numeral 40 denotes a hopper, which is mixed with a treatment object and a treatment agent made of an alkaline substance, and the treatment object enters the inside of the cylindrical body 11 from the supply port 13 of the cylindrical body 11 via an opening / closing valve (opening / closing door) 31. To supply. As an object to be treated, solid waste such as general waste and industrial waste, ash, and sludge may be used.
[0039]
Further, the hopper 40 has a crushing function and a processing agent mixing function, and may mix with the processing agent while crushing the solid matter, or may mix the pre-crushed workpiece and the processing agent. May be thrown in.
[0040]
Alkaline substances as treatment agents react with halogen substances to produce harmless chlorides, alkali metals (Na, K, etc.), alkaline earth metals (Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra), alkaline earth metal compounds (Lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, dolomide, etc.)
[0041]
The cylindrical body 11 of the drying treatment furnace 10, the cylindrical body 21 of the chloride generation furnace 20, and the cylindrical body 31 of the volume reduction heating treatment furnace 30 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the discharge side duct 17 and the cylinder of the cylindrical body 11 are arranged. The supply port 23 of the body 21 is communicated with an open / close valve (open / close door) 42, and the discharge side duct 27 of the cylindrical body 21 of the chloride generation furnace 20 and the supply port 33 of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30 are connected. Are communicated with each other via an opening / closing valve 43. The discharge port 34 of the cylindrical body 31 of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30 communicates with the dissolution tank 45 via the discharge side duct 37 and the opening / closing valve 44 to discharge the residue after the volume reduction process and the reacted treatment agent. To do.
[0042]
46 is a combustion device, for example, when LNG is burned, the LNG from the LNG tank 47 is burned to generate hot gas. This hot gas is fed in the order of the heating cylinder 32 of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30, the communication pipe 48, the heating cylinder 22 of the chloride production furnace 20, the communication pipe 49, and the heating cylinder 12 of the drying treatment furnace 10. , 21, 11 are sequentially heated. After these cylindrical bodies are heated, the drying means 50 is further heated via the discharge pipe 48 and fed into the exhaust gas combustion means 52 via the pipe 41.
[0043]
The combustion means 52 is sent out from the gas in the discharge side duct 17 of the drying treatment furnace 10, the supply side duct 26 of the chloride generation furnace 20, and the discharge side duct 37 of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30, and from the combustion device 46. The gas used in the heating unit is burned and fed to the bag filter 51 in the next process.
[0044]
The combustion means 52 burns the gas to remove the tar, and cools and sends the gas below the durable temperature of the bag filter 51.
[0045]
In the bag filter 51, after the reaction treatment with the treatment agent, the unreacted treatment agent is sent to the hopper 40 and reused, and the exhaust gas is sent to the exhaust gas combustion unit 53 where the combustion treatment is performed by LNG or the like, and is discharged from the chimney 54. To do.
[0046]
Dehydration means 55 solidifies and separates the aqueous solution in the dissolution tank 45, and the solid matter is dried by the drying means 50 and then discharged to the carbide hopper 56. The liquid is removed by the water treatment means 57 using a neutralizing agent or the like. After neutralization, it is returned to the dissolved layer 45 for reuse.
[0047]
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cylindrical bodies 11, 21 and 31. The cylindrical body has a plurality of blades S, and the object to be processed, or the mixture of the object to be processed and the processing agent, supplied by the rotation of the cylindrical body. Is moved from the supply port side to the discharge port side while stirring. In order to make this movement smooth, the cylindrical bodies 11, 21, 31 may be installed with the supply port side inclined slightly higher than the discharge port side.
[0048]
Next, a series of processing methods will be described. First, LNG is burned by the combustion device 46 to generate hot gas, and the heated cylinders 32, 22 and 12 are supplied in this order. Further, AC power is supplied to the heating coils 18, 28 and 38 as necessary to heat the cylindrical bodies 31, 21 and 11. Next, the mixture of the object to be treated containing a halogen substance and the treatment agent made of an alkali substance is mixed or supplied from the hopper 40 into the cylindrical body 11 of the drying treatment furnace 10 while mixing.
[0049]
Here, heating is performed at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. to remove moisture (H ₂ O) adhering to the object to be processed.
[0050]
The processed material from which moisture has been removed is sent to the chloride generation furnace 20 through the discharge side duct 17 and the opening / closing valve 42, and the halogen substance (particularly, chlorine-based gas) is decomposed and precipitated in the chloride generation furnace 20. Heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. to 350 ° C. to decompose and precipitate chlorine-based gas or the like from the object to be treated. At the time of deposition, chlorine-based gas reacts with the alkaline substance of the treatment agent being added and is replaced with harmless chloride, and no harmful chlorine component is generated in both the generated gas and the residue. Can be made harmless.
[0051]
The object to be processed after depositing and detoxifying the halogen substance is sent to the cylindrical body 31 of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30 through the duct 27 and the opening / closing valve 43, where the temperature at which the object to be processed is carbonized ( Paper begins to be carbonized at about 350 ° C.) Carbonized by heating to 350 ° C. to 700 ° C., or ashed by heating to 800 ° C. or higher to reduce the volume. In the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30 of this volume reduction process, since there are no chlorinated gas components and dioxins, these chlorinated gases and dioxins are adsorbed on the carbonized or incinerated objects. There is nothing.
[0052]
The volume-reduced object to be treated and the reacted treatment agent are discharged into the dissolution tank 45 through the duct 37 and the opening / closing valve 44. In the dissolution tank 45, the reduced volume of the object to be treated, the treated agent after the reaction, etc. are dissolved in water, and the solid is separated from the liquid by the dehydrating means 55, and the solid is dried. After being dried at 50, it is taken out from the carbide hopper 56. On the other hand, the liquid is recovered by treating the treated agent with the water treatment means 57, injected with a neutralizing agent, etc., and then returned to the dissolution tank 45 for reuse. .
[0053]
On the other hand, the gas in the cylindrical body of each processing furnace is sent from the ducts 17, 26, and 37 to the combustion means 52 through the pipe 41, where it is burned to remove tar and gas below the endurance temperature of the bag filter 51. Is cooled and sent to the bag filter 51. The bag filter 51 uses a treating agent, is detoxified by a well-known means, is further burned in the exhaust gas combustion unit 53, and is discharged from the chimney 54.
[0054]
The heating control of the drying processing furnace 10, the chloride generation furnace 20, and the volume reduction heating processing furnace 30 is performed as follows.
[0055]
In the drying furnace 10, a valve (open / close or three-way valve) is provided in the communication pipe 49 with the heating cylinder 22 of the chloride generation furnace 20, and a plurality of communication pipes 49 are provided by opening / closing control of the valve. This is done by means for selecting the number to be used by valve opening / closing control, AC current supplied to the heating coil 18, or means for controlling the frequency in the case of induction heating. In these controls, the gas concentration of HCI or the like in the duct 17 is controlled automatically or manually by the temperature detected by the temperature sensor provided in the gas concentration meter 58 or the temperature sensor mounting cylinder 19.
[0056]
Further, the chloride generation furnace 20 is substantially the same as the drying treatment furnace 10, and controls the valve opening / closing of the connection pipe 48 with the heating cylinder 32 of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30 or the current (frequency) control to the heating coil 28. Is done by.
[0057]
In the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30, the LNG combustion means is mainly controlled by the combustion device 46 although it is almost the same as described above. All of these controls are performed by reflecting the gas concentration meters 59, 60, 61, 62 for measuring the HCI concentration in the ducts 26, 27, 36, 37 and the temperature.
[0058]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as a means for stirring and moving the object to be processed in the drying treatment furnace 10, the chloride production furnace 20, and the volume-reduction heating treatment furnace 30, FIG. This is the case where the cylinder body itself is rotated and moved by providing blades as shown, but it is not always necessary to rotate the cylinder body. The cylinder body is fixed and a long screw body is provided in the internal axial direction. The screw body may be rotationally driven from the outside.
[0059]
Moreover, although the heating means which heats a cylindrical body demonstrated the case where both the heating by a hot gas and the heating by a heating coil were applied, any one heating means may be sufficient.
[0060]
The volume reduction in the volume reduction heat treatment furnace 30 may be performed by carbonizing the object to be processed, separating and recovering metals and the like, and ashing other residues at a high temperature.
[0061]
As described above, the present invention includes a process for removing (drying) water coexisting with the object to be treated, and generating chloride by causing the halogen substance (especially chlorine) contained in the object to be decomposed and contact-reacted with an alkali substance. The process and the subsequent volume reduction process to reduce the volume of the object to be processed by carbonization etc. are performed in separate heat treatment furnaces, so that halogen substances (especially hydrogen chloride) do not remain in the residue. Since it is based, the number and arrangement of processing furnaces for performing these processes can be realized by arbitrarily selecting the conditions according to the installation location.
[0062]
The embodiment will be described with reference to schematic views.
[0063]
Now, assuming that the drying treatment furnace is the drying means 1, the chloride production furnace is the chloride production means 2, the volume reduction heating treatment furnace is the volume reduction means 3, and the duct connecting them is 4, the treatment apparatus of FIG. It is modeled as follows.
[0064]
That is, the drying means 1, the chloride generation means 2 and the volume reduction means 3 are placed horizontally and sequentially arranged one above the other, and the discharge port of the drying means 1 and the supply port of the chloride generation means 2 are communicated with each other through the duct 4. The discharge port of the chloride generating means 2 and the supply port of the volume reducing means 3 are connected by a duct 4 ′, the object to be treated is supplied from the supply port of the drying means, and reduced by carbonization or the like from the discharge port of the volume reducing means 3. Discharge the treated material. In the figure, numerals 5 and 5 'are open / close doors (open / close valves) provided in the ducts 4 and 4' to control the transfer amount of the object to be processed.
[0065]
FIG. 4 is a front view of the schematic diagram of the second embodiment. In the first embodiment, two drying means 1 and 1 ′ are provided, and the two drying means are used for drying and supplied to the chloride generation means 2. It is.
[0066]
FIG. 5 is a front view of the schematic diagram of the third embodiment. The chloride generating means 2 and the volume reducing means 3 are arranged on the same side of the duct 4 ′, and the drying means 1 is a chloride generating means sandwiching the duct 4. It is a case where it installs in the other side.
[0067]
Each of the above embodiments is a case where a duct is erected (perpendicularly or inclined), each processing means is arranged up and down, and a workpiece is moved between the processing means by flowing down. However, it is not always necessary to arrange them vertically, and they may be arranged in a plane depending on the conditions of the installation location. However, in this case, it is necessary to provide transfer means (for example, a screw that is rotationally driven) for transferring the object to be processed in the duct.
[0068]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention first removes the water adhering to the object to be treated, and then decomposes and precipitates the halogen substance (especially chlorine-based gas) contained in the object to be treated, and at the same time an alkaline substance Since the decomposition reaction means for reacting with and the means for reducing the volume of the object to be processed thereafter by heating are performed in separate heat treatment furnaces, the following effects can be obtained.
[0069]
(1) In the decomposition reaction step of decomposing and precipitating halogen substances (chlorine gas etc.) contained in the object to be treated, chlorine that has been decomposed and precipitated by heating both the object to be treated and the added alkali substance. The catalytic reaction between the system gas and the alkaline substance is carried out quickly and reliably, producing harmless chlorides to make the generated gas and residue harmless, and since no chlorine gas remains in the exhaust gas, dioxins are generated. Can be prevented.
[0070]
Moreover, it can be safely used as a heat source and fuel without corrosive flue and by making it hot exhaust gas or high temperature.
[0071]
(2) The volume reduction process for heating and reducing the volume of the object from which chlorine gas has been removed is carried out in a heat treatment furnace different from the heat treatment furnace in the previous decomposition reaction process. In the residue, there are no dioxins generated due to halogen substances in the residue, so the dioxins are not adsorbed and mixed into the residue (carbides, ash), and the residue can be made harmless. Metal and carbide can be taken out and reused.
[0072]
(3) In the decomposition reaction step of decomposing and precipitating the halogen substance, first, after the drying step to remove the water adhering to the object to be processed, the temperature is raised and the halogen substance is decomposed and precipitated, so it is reliably analyzed. I can go out.
[0073]
Moreover, it can generate harmless chlorides by contact reaction with the added alkaline substance, and does not cause generation of harmful dioxins. It does not remain in the carbides and ash), and can be usefully reused as a metal extraction or vitrification raw material from these residues.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a waste treatment facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylindrical body.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drying means 2 ... Chloride production | generation means 3 ... Volume reduction means 4, 4 '... Duct 5 ... Opening / closing door 10 ... Drying processing furnace 20 ... Chloride production furnace 30 ... Volume reduction heat treatment furnaces 11, 21, 31 ... Cylindrical Body 12, 22, 32 ... Heating cylinder 13, 23, 33 ... Supply port 14, 24, 34 ... Discharge port 15, 25, 35 ... Rotation drive means 16, 26, 36 ... Supply side duct 17, 27, 37 ... Discharge Side ducts 18, 28, 38 ... heating coils 19, 29, 39 ... temperature sensor mounting tube 40 ... hopper 41 ... pipes 42, 43, 44 ... open / close valve 45 ... melting tank 46 ... combustion device 47 ... LNG tank 48 ... Discharge pipe 49 ... Communication pipe 50 ... Drying means 51 ... Bug filter 52 ... Combustion means 53 ... Exhaust gas combustion part 54 ... Chimney 55 ... Dehydration means 56 ... Carbon hopper 57 ... Water treatment means 58, 59, 6, 61, 62 ... Gas Densitometer

Claims (6)

In a processing method for reducing the volume of a processing object by heat-processing the processing object containing a halogen substance,
The heat treatment includes
An alkaline substance is added to the object to be treated and heated in a heating furnace to decompose and precipitate the halogen substance from the object to be treated, and to produce a harmless chloride by reacting with the alkali substance to produce harmless exhaust gas. A decomposition reaction step for detoxifying the workpiece;
Comprising a volume reduction process for reducing the volume of the material to be processed in the decomposition reaction process by carbonization or the like,
The decomposition reaction step includes
A drying process for removing moisture from the workpiece;
A chloride production process that produces harmless chloride,
Each of these steps is performed in a different heat treatment furnace,
The alkaline substance is selected from at least one kind selected from substances contained in alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and alkaline earth metal compounds that react with halogen substances to produce harmless chlorides.
The method for treating a halogen-containing material, wherein water vapor and dry distillation gas discharged from the drying step, the chloride generation step and the volume reduction step are supplied to a combustion means for combustion treatment . The method for treating a halogen-containing material according to claim 1 , wherein the heat treatment temperature in the drying step is 100 ° C to 200 ° C.   2. The method for treating a halogen-containing material according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment in the chloride generation step is performed at a temperature at which the halogen substance is decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated. The method for treating a halogen-containing material according to claim 1 or 3 , wherein the heat treatment temperature in the chloride generation step is 200 ° C to 350 ° C at which the halogen substance decomposes and precipitates from the object to be treated. 2. The method for treating a halogen-containing material according to claim 1 , wherein the heat treatment in the volume reduction step is performed at 350 ° C. to 700 ° C. at which the object to be treated is carbonized, or at 800 ° C. or above at which the material is incinerated. A drying furnace for drying the workpiece;
A chloride generating furnace that heats an alkaline substance added to the object to be processed, decomposes and precipitates a halogen substance from the object to be processed, and causes a contact reaction with the alkali substance to generate harmless chloride;
A volume-reducing heat treatment furnace for reducing the volume of the object to be treated that has been treated in the chloride production furnace by carbonization, etc .;
With
The drying treatment furnace, the chloride production furnace and the volume reduction heat treatment furnace are:
A cylindrical body having a supply port for supplying an object to be processed on one end side and a discharge port for discharging the object on the other end side, and transferring the object to be processed from the supply port to the discharge port side while stirring. And a heating means for heating the cylindrical body from the outside,
The discharge port of the drying treatment furnace and the supply port of the chloride generation furnace are communicated by a duct ,
The discharge port of the chloride generation furnace and the supply port of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace are communicated by another duct ,
The object to be processed is supplied from the supply port of the drying processing furnace, discharged from the discharge port of the volume reduction processing furnace ,
The halogen-containing material processing apparatus, wherein water vapor and dry distillation gas discharged from the duct and the other duct are supplied to combustion means for combustion treatment .

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