JP3952308B2 - Heat pump air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner.

  In air conditioning in special environments such as electronic factories, agricultural factories, breeding rooms, and grain warehouses, it is necessary to adjust the temperature and humidity by heating and cooling the air-conditioning air in a predetermined order and appropriately humidifying it. Therefore, for example, there is a system in which a cold water coil (cooling coil), a hot water coil (heating coil), a humidifier, and the like are provided, and the heat source water circuit is a four-pipe type, and the cold water and the hot water coil are separately supplied with cold water and hot water. However, the four-pipe heat source water circuit has a problem that the piping distance is long and the equipment cost is high, and it is necessary to make cold water and hot water at the same time.

  In addition, when a water-cooled heat pump is used instead of the cold-water coil and the hot-water coil, for example, the plate-type water heat exchanger of the water-cooled heat pump has a problem that it requires periodic disassembly and cleaning for maintenance of the capacity and takes time and maintenance. In addition, since the heat pump has an upper limit on the air heating temperature (refrigerant condensation temperature), the vaporization method is used under conditions where the air temperature / humidity is low and a large amount of humidification is required with respect to the desired temperature and humidity (especially high temperature and high humidity). When humidified, the desired supply air temperature may not be reached due to latent heat of vaporization. Therefore, there is a problem that the temperature / humidity range in which air conditioning can be performed becomes narrow, and the compression efficiency and consequently the coefficient of performance (COP) decrease. In cold and hot areas, air conditioning air such as outside air may be preheated or precooled, but a heater or a cooler such as a cold / hot water coil is required separately from the air conditioner.

JP-A-63-233244 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-14296

  The problem to be solved is that the equipment and operating costs are high and the maintenance of the water heat exchanger is troublesome. It can be widely used for air conditioning in various special environments, and it is a compact and good COP heat pump type Provide air conditioners.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a heat pump air conditioner including first and second compression heat pumps, and is provided with a third compression heat pump, and the refrigerant-air heat of the third heat pump. The third evaporator for replacement, the first evaporator for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the first heat pump, and the second evaporator for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the second heat pump are sequentially arranged in the blowing direction, and the first 1 condenser is shared by the 1st heat pump and the 2nd heat pump, each evaporator of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd heat pump is constituted so that change of refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation is possible, and the 1st evaporator The most important feature is that a humidifier is disposed between the second evaporator and one or both of the second evaporator and the lee of the second evaporator.

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, air conditioning operation in a special environment that requires heating and cooling of air conditioning air can be performed only by a heat pump without using a cold / hot water coil, thereby reducing equipment costs and operating costs. obtain. Outdoor air treatment in animal breeding rooms and hospital treatment rooms, constant temperature and humidity air conditioning operation in agricultural factories and museums, cold air elimination in food departments, dehumidification drying air conditioning operation in dry kitchens in restaurants, storage in grain warehouses And low-temperature humidification air conditioning operation to prevent static electricity at electronic factories. Since the condensers of the first and second heat pumps are shared, the number of parts can be reduced and the size can be reduced. If a humidifier is provided between the first evaporator and the second evaporator and on the leeward side of the second evaporator, heating and humidification can be performed in two stages. The high humidity side) spreads, and the compression efficiency and thus COP are improved. The first and second heat pumps are mainly air-conditioned, and the third heat pump can be pre-cooled and pre-heated, so the temperature and humidity control range is widened. Pre-cooling and pre-heating equipment is not required.
According to the present invention, when heating the air-conditioning air by the first evaporator and the second evaporator, in the air condition as frost in the first condenser occurs first and the second heat pump Without stopping the operation, the condenser defrosting circuit can prevent the first condenser from frosting and can perform comfortable air conditioning. When the heat exchange air of the first and second condensers is return air, the COP can be improved by heat recovery. Since the first condenser shares the fin group, the heat transfer area is increased, and the heat exchanging capacity is increased even when only one of the first and second heat pumps is operated. When one of the refrigerants evaporates and the other condenses in the shared first condenser, heat exchange between the refrigerants can also be performed, resulting in an increase in COP and energy saving.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the first and second condensers are so-called water-cooled, the heat exchange capacity and COP are high and the performance is stable. -Air conditioning can be performed accurately without being affected by the climate, and it can be used in a wide range of areas from cold to hot. When one of the refrigerants evaporates and the other condenses in the shared first condenser, heat exchange between the refrigerants can be performed, resulting in an increase in COP and energy saving. The plate-type refrigerant-heat source water heat exchanger can be cleaned by washing without disassembling, and maintenance is facilitated. The water flow mechanism can be configured with a simple structure with few parts, making it easy and cost-saving, eliminating the need for space, and cleaning the chemicals by blocking the flow of heat source water into the cleaning flow path. Become big. The strainer can also be used to remove foreign matter from the heat source flow path and the cleaning flow path, and it is not necessary to provide a separate strainer, thereby reducing costs.
According to the invention of claim 3 , since the pressure loss is reduced and the heat exchange efficiency is improved, a small blower can be used and noise can be reduced. The heat exchanger for refrigerant-air heat exchange can also be miniaturized and the air conditioner can be made compact.

  1 and 2 show an embodiment of the heat pump type air conditioner of the present invention, and the solid and dotted white arrows indicate the blowing direction. This air conditioner supplies air to the air-conditioned space in the casing 1 with an air supply air passage 9, first and second compression heat pumps A and B, humidifiers 5 and 5, and air for air conditioning. A blower 6, a blower path 8, and a condensing blower 7 that blows heat exchange air such as outside air, return air, or mixed air thereof are provided, and a third compression heat pump C is provided. . The third evaporator 2c for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the third heat pump C, the first evaporator 2a for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the first heat pump A, and the second evaporator for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the second heat pump B 2b are arranged in order in the blowing direction, and the first condenser 3a is shared by the first heat pump A and the second heat pump B, and the second evaporation is performed between the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b. Humidifiers 5 are disposed on both sides of the lee of the vessel 2b.

  The evaporators 2a, 2b, 2c of the first, second, and third heat pumps A, B, and C are configured to be capable of switching between refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation. For example, the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b Refrigerant condensation in both or one of the cycle of evaporating the refrigerant in both or one and the cycle of evaporating the refrigerant in the first evaporator 2a and condensing the refrigerant in the second evaporator 2b and / or the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b At least one cycle can be switched between the first and second cycles, or the first and second evaporators 2a and 2b and / or the first and second evaporators 2a and 2b and / or the first and second evaporators 2b and 2b, respectively. It is possible to switch at least between the cycles to be condensed, or the refrigerant is condensed in the first evaporator 2a and the first evaporator 2a, and the refrigerant is condensed in the first evaporator 2a and / or the second evaporator 2b. Evaporate the refrigerant Freely at least switching on and cycle, constituting the. Usually, air conditioning is performed in the above-described cycle, and when the heat load is large such as in a cold region or a hot region, a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated or condensed in the third evaporator 2c is added. For example, the refrigerant is evaporated in the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a, and the second evaporator 2b, the refrigerant is evaporated in the third evaporator 2c and the first evaporator 2a, and the refrigerant in the second evaporator 2b. It is possible to switch at least between the cycle for condensation and the cycle for refrigerant condensation in the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, or the refrigerant evaporation in the third evaporator 2c and the first evaporator 2a. In addition, it is possible to switch at least between the cycle for condensing the refrigerant in the second evaporator 2b and the cycle for condensing the refrigerant in the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a, and the second evaporator 2b, or the third evaporator 2c It is possible to switch at least between a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated by the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed by the third evaporator 2c and the first evaporator 2a and the refrigerant is evaporated by the second evaporator 2b. Configure.

  The first condenser 3a and the second condenser 3c of the third heat pump C are refrigerant-air heat exchangers, and at least the third heat pump C is provided with a hot gas type condenser defrosting circuit G. The refrigerant flow passage of the first heat pump A and the refrigerant flow passage of the second heat pump B in the first condenser 3a are arranged so as to be able to exchange heat with each other. In the first condenser 3a, the refrigerant of the first heat pump A and the second The heat pump B is configured such that one of the refrigerants of the heat pump B evaporates and the other is condensed, and the two different refrigerants circulate in an opposing manner to achieve uniform and efficient heat transfer by the counter flow. Further, the first condenser 3a is configured so that the flowing refrigerant is different for each row of fin tubes, for each stage of fin tubes, or for each fin tube, thereby eliminating uneven heat exchange with air and stabilizing the performance. . The first heat pump A includes a common first condenser 3a for exchanging heat of the circulating refrigerant with heat exchange air, a first evaporator 2a for exchanging heat of air-conditioning air with the circulation refrigerant, and a first compressor. 4a, an expansion valve, a forward / reverse switching valve (four-way valve) in the refrigerant circulation direction, a liquid receiver (not shown), etc., which are connected by piping to form a refrigerant circulation circuit and The heat absorption and heat release (evaporation function and condensation function) of the first condenser 3a and the first evaporator 2a are configured to be switchable. The second heat pump B includes a common first condenser 3a, a second evaporator 2b for exchanging heat of air-conditioning air using a circulating refrigerant, a second compressor 4b, an expansion valve, and a positive refrigerant circulation direction. A reverse switching valve (four-way valve), a liquid receiver (not shown) and the like are provided, and these are connected by piping to form a refrigerant circulation circuit, and the first condenser 3a and the second evaporator 2b are connected by the switching valve. The heat absorption and heat dissipation (evaporation function and condensation function) can be switched. The third heat pump C includes a second condenser 3c that exchanges heat of the circulating refrigerant using heat exchange air, a third evaporator 2c that exchanges heat of the air-conditioning air using circulation refrigerant, a compressor 4c, and an expansion valve. And a switching valve (four-way valve) for forward and reverse of the refrigerant circulation direction, a liquid receiver (not shown), etc., which are connected by piping to form a refrigerant circulation circuit, and the second condenser 3c is constituted by the switching valve. The heat absorption and heat release (evaporation function and condensation function) of the third evaporator 2c are configured to be switchable. The third heat pump C includes a condenser defrost circuit G that stops the refrigerant circulation to the third evaporator 2c by the three-way valve 10 and circulates the hot gas of the compressor 4c only in the second condenser 3c to defrost. Although it is provided, it is also free to provide this condenser defrost circuit G in the other heat pumps A and B. The humidifier 5 can be of various types such as a vaporization method and a steam blowing method. However, if the steam blowing method is used, the temperature and humidity control can be performed with high accuracy and the temperature and humidity can be controlled without any temperature drop. The load on the vessel can be reduced.

  The air-conditioning air inlet and air-conditioning air outlet of the air supply air passage 9 are provided in the casing 1, and the air-conditioning air inlet is used for intake of return air, intake of outside air or mixed air intake of return air and outside air, etc. The air-conditioning air outlet is communicated with the air-conditioned space such as the room via the duct and the air-conditioned air outlet is communicated with the air-conditioned space such as the room via the duct. An air inlet for heat exchange and an air outlet for heat exchange in the air passage 8 are provided in the casing 1, and the air inlet for heat exchange is a duct for intake of return air, intake of outside air, or intake of mixed air of return air and outside air. The air outlet for heat exchange is communicated with an air-conditioned space such as a room or the outside via a duct, and the air outlet for heat exchange is communicated with the outside via a duct or the like for exhaust. While air is blown to the first condenser 3a and the second condenser 3c, and air is blown by the blower 6, the air for air conditioning is exchanged in the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a, and the second evaporator 2b ( Cooled and heated) to supply air to the air-conditioned space and perform air-conditioning operation according to various environments. The fin tubes of the first evaporator 2a, the second evaporator 2b, the third evaporator 2c, the first condenser 3a, and the second condenser 3c are preferably elliptical tubes with little pressure loss, but may be circular tubes.

  The illustrated air conditioner controls the capacity of the first, second, and third heat pumps A, B, and C, the blowers 6 and 7, the upwind and leeward humidifiers 5 and 5, and supplies air. Control means (not shown) for switching between refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation of the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a, and the second evaporator 2b according to the road inlet air temperature and humidity is provided. In order to perform the outside air treatment of the air-conditioned space, for example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air supply / humidity, either or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. Then, it is cooled and dehumidified, or cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a, then heated by the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature, and is controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the supply air supply passage inlet air is low and the humidity is high with respect to the desired supply air temperature and humidity, the air is cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a and then heated by the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature. Control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is lower than the desired air supply / humidity, the air is heated by the first evaporator 2a and then humidified by the windward humidifier 5, and further supplied to the second evaporator 2b. Then, the air is humidified by the leeward humidifier 5 and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. In this case, the upwind humidifier 5 and the downwind side are heated by heating or humidifying both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b in accordance with the heating amount and humidification amount necessary to obtain a desired temperature and humidity. It is also possible to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity by humidifying only one of the humidifiers 5. When the temperature of the supply air supply passage inlet air is high and the humidity is low with respect to the desired supply air temperature and humidity, the air is supplied to the upside humidifier 5 by drying and cooling in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b. Humidification is performed by both or one of the leeward side humidifiers 5 and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the heat load is large, precooling or preheating is performed in the third evaporator 2c, and then control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity as described above. The control means also performs condenser surface wind speed control by the blower 7 in accordance with the condenser load. For example, when the condenser load increases, the condenser surface wind speed increases, and when the condenser load decreases, the condenser surface wind speed decreases. By setting the surface wind speed of the condenser 3 to 4.0 to 6.0 m / s, the amount of heat can be secured above the compressor performance limit, and the COP is improved. By exchanging heat with the condenser at high wind speeds in this way, COP can be improved and energy can be saved, and a compact condenser can be used to make the air conditioner compact. Capability can be adjusted, and it can be used in a wide range of areas from cold to hot without increasing the size of the compressor.

  In order to air-condition the air-conditioned space at a constant temperature and humidity, for example, when the leeward side humidifier 5 is a steam blowing system, the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is set to a desired air supply / humidity. When the temperature is high and when the temperature of the supply air passage inlet air is low and the humidity is high with respect to the desired air temperature and humidity, the air is cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a and then heated by the second evaporator 2b. Or after cooling and dehumidifying with the first evaporator 2a and heating with the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature, the leeward humidifier 5 is humidified without lowering the temperature with steam, Control temperature and humidity. When the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is lower than the desired air supply / humidity, the leeward side humidifier 5 is heated and adjusted in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, and then the leeward side humidifier 5. The steam is humidified without reducing the temperature with steam and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. In this case, the first evaporator 2a is heated and then humidified by the windward humidifier 5, and further heated by the second evaporator 2b and then the temperature is not lowered by the steam in the leeward humidifier 5 It is also possible to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the supply air passage inlet air is high and the humidity is low relative to the desired air temperature and humidity, the temperature is controlled by drying and cooling in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, and then the leeward side. The humidifier 5 is humidified without lowering the temperature with steam, and is controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the heat load is large, precooling or preheating is performed in the third evaporator 2c, and then control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity as described above.

  In this case, the air-conditioned space can be dehumidified and dried without stopping the humidifiers 5 and 5 on the windward and leeward sides. For example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air temperature / humidity, and when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature is lower and the humidity is higher than the desired air temperature / humidity, the first evaporator 2a. When the air is cooled and dehumidified at the second evaporator 2b and heated by the second evaporator 2b, and the air temperature / humidity at the inlet of the supply air passage is lower than the desired temperature and humidity, both the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. Or it heats by one side and it controls to predetermined supply air temperature humidity. When the heat load is large, precooling or preheating is performed in the third evaporator 2c, and then control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity as described above.

  In order to humidify the air-conditioned space at a low temperature, for example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air supply / humidity, either or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. If the air temperature / humidity at the inlet of the supply air passage is lower than the desired air temperature and humidity, the air is heated by the first evaporator 2a and then humidified by the windward humidifier 5 and then the second evaporation. It is dried and cooled in the vessel 2b and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the supply air passage inlet air is high and the humidity is low relative to the desired air supply humidity, the air is humidified by the windward humidifier 5 and then dried and cooled only by the second evaporator 2b. Control to humidity. When the heat load is large, precooling or preheating is performed in the third evaporator 2c, and then control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity as described above. Further, in each of the above air conditioning examples, when one or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are heated and frost formation occurs in the first condenser 3a, the refrigerant to the third evaporator 2c The circulation is stopped, the hot gas is circulated only in the second condenser 3c, and the first condensation is performed by the air heated by the second condenser 3c without stopping the operation of the first and second heat pumps A and B. The device 3a can be defrosted. Note that the humidifier 5 can be freely disposed between the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and on the lee of the second evaporator 2b.

  3-5 has shown the other Example, The solid line and the dotted white arrow show the ventilation direction. This air conditioner supplies air to the air-conditioned space in the casing 1 with an air supply air passage 9, first and second compression heat pumps A and B, humidifiers 5 and 5, and air for air conditioning. And a third compression heat pump C is provided. The third evaporator 2c for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the third heat pump C, the first evaporator 2a for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the first heat pump A, and the second evaporator for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the second heat pump B 2b are arranged in order in the blowing direction, and the first condenser 3a is shared by the first heat pump A and the second heat pump B, and the second evaporation is performed between the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b. Humidifiers 5 are disposed on both sides of the lee of the vessel 2b.

  The evaporators 2a, 2b, 2c of the first, second, and third heat pumps A, B, and C are configured to be capable of switching between refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation. For example, the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b Refrigerant condensation in both or one of the cycle of evaporating the refrigerant in both or one and the cycle of evaporating the refrigerant in the first evaporator 2a and condensing the refrigerant in the second evaporator 2b and / or the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b At least one cycle can be switched between the first and second cycles, or the first and second evaporators 2a and 2b and / or the first and second evaporators 2a and 2b and / or the first and second evaporators 2b and 2b, respectively. It is possible to switch at least between the cycles to be condensed, or the refrigerant is condensed in the first evaporator 2a and the first evaporator 2a, and the refrigerant is condensed in the first evaporator 2a and / or the second evaporator 2b. Evaporate the refrigerant Freely at least switching on and cycle, constituting the. Usually, air conditioning is performed in the above-described cycle, and when the heat load is large such as in a cold region or a hot region, a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated or condensed in the third evaporator 2c is added. For example, the refrigerant is evaporated in the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a, and the second evaporator 2b, the refrigerant is evaporated in the third evaporator 2c and the first evaporator 2a, and the refrigerant in the second evaporator 2b. It is possible to switch at least between the cycle for condensation and the cycle for refrigerant condensation in the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, or the refrigerant evaporation in the third evaporator 2c and the first evaporator 2a. In addition, it is possible to switch at least between the cycle for condensing the refrigerant in the second evaporator 2b and the cycle for condensing the refrigerant in the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a, and the second evaporator 2b, or the third evaporator 2c It is possible to switch at least between a cycle in which the refrigerant is evaporated by the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and a cycle in which the refrigerant is condensed by the third evaporator 2c and the first evaporator 2a and the refrigerant is evaporated by the second evaporator 2b. Configure.

  The first condenser 3a and the second condenser 3c of the third heat pump C are plate-type refrigerant-heat source water heat exchangers, and the refrigerant flow path of the first heat pump A and the second heat pump B in the first condenser 3a The refrigerant flow path and the heat source water flow path are arranged so that they can exchange heat with each other. The plate-type first condenser 3a and the second condenser 3c are formed by, for example, stacking a number of heat transfer plates (plates), and heat source water and two refrigerants alternately flow between the heat transfer plates and the heat transfer plates to heat each other. Configure to replace. The first condenser 3a and the second condenser 3c are connected to a heat source water circuit 12 through which the heat source water whose temperature has been adjusted by the heat source unit 11 flows. (Refer FIG. 5) The 1st heat pump A is the 1st evaporator 3a which heat-exchanges the air for air for a common 1st condenser 3a which exchanges heat of circulating refrigerant with heat source water, and 1st, Compressor 4a, an expansion valve, a forward / reverse switching valve (four-way valve) in the refrigerant circulation direction, a liquid receiver (not shown), and the like, which are connected to form a refrigerant circuit. The switching valve is configured to switch between heat absorption and heat dissipation (evaporation function and condensation function) in the first condenser 3a and the first evaporator 2a. The second heat pump B includes a common first condenser 3a, a second evaporator 2b for exchanging heat of air-conditioning air using a circulating refrigerant, a second compressor 4b, an expansion valve, and a positive refrigerant circulation direction. A reverse switching valve (four-way valve), a liquid receiver (not shown) and the like are provided, these are connected by piping to form a refrigerant circulation circuit, and the first condenser 3a and the second evaporator 2b are connected by the switching valve. The heat absorption and heat release (evaporation function and condensation function) can be switched freely. The third heat pump C includes a second condenser 3c for exchanging heat of the circulating refrigerant with heat source water, a third evaporator 2c for exchanging heat of air-conditioning air with the circulating refrigerant, a compressor 4c, an expansion valve, A refrigerant recirculation direction forward / reverse switching valve (four-way valve), a liquid receiver (not shown), and the like, are connected to form a refrigerant circulation circuit, and the second condenser 3c and the second condenser valve are connected by the switching valve. 3 The heat absorption and heat dissipation (evaporation function and condensation function) of the evaporator 2c are configured to be switchable. The humidifier 5 can be of various types such as a vaporization method and a steam blowing method. However, if the steam blowing method is used, the temperature and humidity control can be performed with high accuracy and the temperature and humidity can be controlled without any temperature drop. The load on the vessel can be reduced.

  The air conditioning air inlet and the air conditioning air outlet are provided in the casing 1, and the air conditioning air inlet is used for returning air, for taking outside air, or for taking mixed air of returning air and outside air through a duct or the like. The air-conditioned air outlet is connected to an air-conditioned space such as a room through a duct or the like for air supply. Heat source water is passed through the first condenser 3a and the second condenser 3c and blown by the blower 6, whereby the air for air conditioning is exchanged in the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a, and the second evaporator 2b ( Cooled and heated) to supply air to the air-conditioned space and perform air-conditioning operation according to various environments. Since the use limit water temperature range of the heat source water when performing cooling and heating with the first, second and third heat pumps A, B and C is, for example, 10 ° C. to 45 ° C., cooling and heating cannot be performed with a cold / hot water coil such as an air hanger. Using the heat source water at such a temperature, the first, second, and third heat pumps A, B, and C can be switched between cooling and heating, and the heat source water circuit 12 is a two-pipe type. The fin tubes of the first evaporator 2a, the second evaporator 2b, and the third evaporator 2c are preferably elliptical tubes with little pressure loss, but may be circular tubes.

  In the casing 1, there are a first water flow mechanism D 1 that allows the heat source water from the heat source water circuit 12 and the cleaning liquid from the cleaning device 13 to selectively flow to the first condenser 3 a, and the heat source water circuit 12. And a second water passage mechanism D2 that selectively allows the heat source water and the cleaning liquid from the cleaning device 13 to flow through the second condenser 3c. Since the first and second water passage mechanisms D1 and D2 have the same configuration, they will be described together with FIG. FIG. 5B shows a state where a cleaning device 13 for cleaning the first condenser 3a (second condenser 3c) is connected, and FIG. 5A shows a state where the cleaning device 13 is removed. The water flow mechanism D1 (water flow mechanism D2) includes a heat source water inlet path 16a and a heat source water outlet path 16b that connect the heat source water circuit 12 and the first condenser 3a (second condenser 3c), and a heat source water inlet path 16a. Connection ports 17 and 17 with plugs 17 and 17 which are separately provided in the heat source water outlet channel 16b and can be connected to and separated from the cleaning liquid inlet channel 20a and the cleaning liquid outlet channel 20b of the cleaning device 13, and the cleaning device 13 and the first condenser 3a ( On-off valves 18 and 18 for shutting off the inflow of heat source water into the cleaning flow path E constituted by connecting the second condenser 3c) with the cleaning liquid inlet path 20a and the cleaning liquid outlet path 20b. In this way, the water flow mechanism D1 (water flow mechanism D2) can be configured with a simple structure with few parts, can be manufactured easily and cost can be saved, no space is required, and heat source water to the cleaning flow path E can be saved. The inflow can be shut off and chemical cleaning can be performed, and the cleaning effect is increased. The heat source flow path F formed by connecting the heat source water circuit 12 and the first condenser 3a (second condenser 3c) by the heat source water inlet path 16a and the heat source water outlet path 16b, and the washing flow path E have a common part. A strainer 19 is provided. As a result, the strainer 19 can be used for removing foreign matter from the heat source flow path F and the cleaning flow path E, and it is not necessary to provide a strainer separately, thereby reducing costs. During the air-conditioning operation, the plugs of the connection ports 17 and 17 are closed in the state shown in FIG. 5A, the on-off valves 18 and 18 are opened, the heat source water is allowed to flow, and the strainer 19 is appropriately cleaned. When cleaning the first condenser 3a (second condenser 3c), the inside of the casing 1 is exposed, and the plugs of the connection ports 17 and 17 are removed as shown in FIG. The cleaning liquid outlet path 20b is connected, the on-off valves 18 and 18 are closed, the cleaning liquid is allowed to flow through the first condenser 3a (second condenser 3c), and the strainer 19 is cleaned after the cleaning. The strainer 19 can be freely changed to a position other than the illustrated example. In addition, the water flow mechanism D1 (water flow mechanism D2) is not provided inside the casing 1, but can be provided entirely outside or partially provided outside.

  The air conditioner of FIG. 3 controls the capacities of the first, second, and third heat pumps A, B, and C, the blower 6, the windward and leeward humidifiers 5 and 5, and the intake air passage inlet. Control means (not shown) for switching between refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation of the third evaporator 2c, the first evaporator 2a, and the second evaporator 2b according to the air temperature humidity is provided. In order to perform the outside air treatment of the air-conditioned space, for example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air supply / humidity, either or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. Then, it is cooled and dehumidified, or cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a, then heated by the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature, and is controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the supply air supply passage inlet air is low and the humidity is high with respect to the desired supply air temperature and humidity, the air is cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a and then heated by the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature. Control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is lower than the desired air supply / humidity, the air is heated by the first evaporator 2a and then humidified by the windward humidifier 5, and further supplied to the second evaporator 2b. Then, the air is humidified by the leeward humidifier 5 and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. In this case, the upwind humidifier 5 and the downwind side are heated by heating or humidifying both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b in accordance with the heating amount and humidification amount necessary to obtain a desired temperature and humidity. It is also possible to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity by humidifying only one of the humidifiers 5. When the temperature of the supply air supply passage inlet air is high and the humidity is low with respect to the desired supply air temperature and humidity, the air is supplied to the upside humidifier 5 by drying and cooling in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b. Humidification is performed by both or one of the leeward side humidifiers 5 and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the heat load is large, precooling or preheating is performed in the third evaporator 2c, and then control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity as described above.

  In order to air-condition the air-conditioned space at a constant temperature and humidity, for example, when the leeward side humidifier 5 is a steam blowing system, the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is set to a desired air supply / humidity. When the temperature is high and when the temperature of the supply air passage inlet air is low and the humidity is high with respect to the desired air temperature and humidity, the air is cooled and dehumidified by the first evaporator 2a and then heated by the second evaporator 2b. Or after cooling and dehumidifying with the first evaporator 2a and heating with the second evaporator 2b to adjust the temperature, the leeward humidifier 5 is humidified without lowering the temperature with steam, Control temperature and humidity. When the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is lower than the desired air supply / humidity, the leeward side humidifier 5 is heated and adjusted in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, and then the leeward side humidifier 5. The steam is humidified without reducing the temperature with steam and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. In this case, the first evaporator 2a is heated and then humidified by the windward humidifier 5, and further heated by the second evaporator 2b and then the temperature is not lowered by the steam in the leeward humidifier 5 It is also possible to control to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the supply air passage inlet air is high and the humidity is low relative to the desired air temperature and humidity, the temperature is controlled by drying and cooling in both or one of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b, and then the leeward side. The humidifier 5 is humidified without lowering the temperature with steam, and is controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the heat load is large, precooling or preheating is performed in the third evaporator 2c, and then control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity as described above.

  In this case, the air-conditioned space can be dehumidified and dried without stopping the humidifiers 5 and 5 on the windward and leeward sides. For example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air temperature / humidity, and when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature is lower and the humidity is higher than the desired air temperature / humidity, the first evaporator 2a. When the air is cooled and dehumidified at the second evaporator 2b and heated by the second evaporator 2b, and the air temperature / humidity at the inlet of the supply air passage is lower than the desired temperature and humidity, both the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. Or it heats by one side and it controls to predetermined supply air temperature humidity. When the heat load is large, precooling or preheating is performed in the third evaporator 2c, and then control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity as described above.

  In order to humidify the air-conditioned space at a low temperature, for example, when the air supply / airway inlet air temperature / humidity is higher than the desired air supply / humidity, either or both of the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b are used. If the air temperature / humidity at the inlet of the supply air passage is lower than the desired air temperature and humidity, the air is heated by the first evaporator 2a and then humidified by the windward humidifier 5 and then the second evaporation. It is dried and cooled in the vessel 2b and controlled to a predetermined temperature and humidity. When the temperature of the supply air passage inlet air is high and the humidity is low relative to the desired air supply humidity, the air is humidified by the windward humidifier 5 and then dried and cooled only by the second evaporator 2b. Control to humidity. When the heat load is large, precooling or preheating is performed in the third evaporator 2c, and then control is performed to a predetermined temperature and humidity as described above. Note that the humidifier 5 can be freely disposed between the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and on the lee of the second evaporator 2b.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be freely changed in design without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the first, second, and third heat pumps A, B, C and the configuration of the control means The cycle of refrigerant evaporation and refrigerant condensation of the first evaporator 2a, the second evaporator 2b, and the third evaporator 2c can be freely changed and increased / decreased.

The front view which shows the Example of a heat pump type air conditioner. The simplified explanatory drawing of a heat pump. The front view which shows the other Example of a heat pump type air conditioner. The simplified explanatory drawing of the heat pump of FIG. The simplified explanatory drawing of a water flow mechanism.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 2a 1st evaporator 2b 2nd evaporator 2c 3rd evaporator 3a 1st condenser 5 humidifier 12 heat source water circuit 13 washing | cleaning apparatus A 1st heat pump B 2nd heat pump C 3rd heat pump
D1 1st water flow mechanism
D2 Second water flow mechanism G Condenser defrost circuit

Claims (3)

A heat pump air conditioner having first and second compression heat pumps A and B is provided with a third compression heat pump C, and the third evaporator for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the third heat pump C 2c and the first evaporator 2a for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the first heat pump A and the second evaporator 2b for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the second heat pump B are arranged in order in the blowing direction, and the first The condenser 3a is shared by the first heat pump A and the second heat pump B, and the evaporators 2a, 2b, and 2c of the first, second, and third heat pumps A, B, and C are used as refrigerant evaporation / refrigerant. Condensation switching is possible, and a humidifier 5 is disposed both between the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and on the lee of the second evaporator 2b , and the first condenser 3a And the second condenser 3c of the third heat pump C is cooled. And an air heat exchanger, and the refrigerant flow passage of the first heat pump A and the refrigerant flow passage of the second heat pump B in the first condenser 3a are arranged so that they can exchange heat with each other, and at least the first heat pump A Condensation that causes the three heat pump C to stop the refrigerant circulation to the third evaporator 2c by the three-way valve 10 and circulate the hot gas of the compressor 4c of the third heat pump C only to the second condenser 3c to defrost it. the vessel defrosting circuit G, a heat pump air conditioner which is characterized by comprising. A heat pump air conditioner having first and second compression heat pumps A and B is provided with a third compression heat pump C, and the third evaporator for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the third heat pump C 2c and the first evaporator 2a for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the first heat pump A and the second evaporator 2b for refrigerant-air heat exchange of the second heat pump B are arranged in order in the blowing direction, and the first The condenser 3a is shared by the first heat pump A and the second heat pump B, and the evaporators 2a, 2b, and 2c of the first, second, and third heat pumps A, B, and C are used as refrigerant evaporation / refrigerant. Condensation switching is possible, and a humidifier 5 is disposed both between the first evaporator 2a and the second evaporator 2b and on the lee of the second evaporator 2b, and the first condenser 3a And the second condenser 3c of the third heat pump C And a refrigerant flow path of the first heat pump A, a refrigerant flow path of the second heat pump B, and a heat source water flow path in the first condenser 3a. A first water flow mechanism D1 which is arranged so as to be exchangeable, and allows the heat source water from the heat source water circuit 12 and the cleaning liquid from the cleaning device 13 to selectively flow to the first condenser 3a; and the heat source water A second water passage mechanism D2 that selectively allows the heat source water from the circuit 12 and the cleaning liquid from the cleaning device 13 to flow to the second condenser 3c, and the first water passage mechanism D1 The first heat source water inlet passage and the first heat source water outlet passage connecting the heat source water circuit 12 and the first condenser 3a, and the first heat source water inlet passage and the first heat source water outlet passage individually. The cleaning liquid inlet path 20a and the cleaning liquid outlet path 20b of the cleaning device 13 are provided. To the cleaning flow path E configured by connecting the first plug-attaching port that can be connected / separated, the cleaning device 13 and the first condenser 3a through the cleaning liquid inlet path 20a and the cleaning liquid outlet path 20b. A first on-off valve that shuts off the inflow of the heat source water, and connects the heat source water circuit 12 and the first condenser 3a through the first heat source water inlet passage and the first heat source water outlet passage. The first strainer is provided in a shared portion of the first heat source flow path and the cleaning flow path E, and the second water flow mechanism D2 includes the heat source water circuit 12 and the second condenser 3c. The second heat source water inlet path and the second heat source water outlet path to be connected, the second heat source water inlet path and the second heat source water outlet path are provided separately, and the cleaning liquid inlet path 20a of the cleaning device 13 and A second connection port with a plug that can be connected and separated to the cleaning liquid outlet channel 20b; A second on-off valve that shuts off the inflow of heat source water into the cleaning flow path E constituted by connecting the cleaning device 13 and the second condenser 3c through the cleaning liquid inlet path 20a and the cleaning liquid outlet path 20b; A second heat source flow path formed by connecting the heat source water circuit 12 and the second condenser 3c through the second heat source water inlet path and the second heat source water outlet path, and the washing flow path. A heat pump type air conditioner characterized in that a second strainer is provided in a shared part with E. The heat pump type air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fin tubes of the first, second and third heat pumps A, B and C for refrigerant-air heat exchange are elliptical tubes. A heat pump type air conditioner.

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