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JP3814361B2 - Developing roller and developing device of electrophotographic apparatus - Google Patents

Developing roller and developing device of electrophotographic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3814361B2
JP3814361B2 JP4118297A JP4118297A JP3814361B2 JP 3814361 B2 JP3814361 B2 JP 3814361B2 JP 4118297 A JP4118297 A JP 4118297A JP 4118297 A JP4118297 A JP 4118297A JP 3814361 B2 JP3814361 B2 JP 3814361B2
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Prior art keywords
developing roller
layer
surface layer
developing
roller
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JP4118297A
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JPH10239985A (en
Inventor
貴行 永瀬
裕彦 吉田
忠由 厚見
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Bando Chemical Industries Ltd
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Bando Chemical Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電子写真装置の現像ローラおよび現像装置に関する。さらに詳しくは、一成分現像剤を用いて高品位の画像を得ることができ、異音の発生のない現像ローラおよび現像装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電子写真装置において、静電潜像保持体(感光体ドラム)上の潜像に薄層化された現像剤を供給し可視像化するため、現像ローラを有する現像装置が配置されている。特に、一成分現像剤を用いる現像装置には、装置の簡素化、小型化ができ、カラー化が容易であるため、ゴム弾性を有する現像ローラを静電潜像保持体に圧接させて用いることが行われている。たとえば、特開平1−252979は、一成分現像剤を用いる圧接現像装置を開示している。この装置では、硬度が40度以下で、抵抗値が1010Ω・cm以下の耐油性ゴムから成る下層と、ポリウレタン樹脂から成る表面層を有する現像ローラを静電潜像保持体より速い周速度で回転させることにより、高品位の画像が得られる。
【0003】
しかし、上記の現像装置は、現像ローラの表面層がポリウレタン樹脂から成るので耐磨耗性、屈曲・変形性には優れるものの、現像ローラと静電潜像保持体との周速度の差により、接触面において現像ローラの表面ウレタン層が静電潜像保持体に引張られ復元するときに異音を発生し、微震動を起こすという問題があった。この問題は、現像ローラの周速度が30mm/秒以上になると、特に顕著に表れ、電子写真装置の高速化におけるネックとなっていた。
【0004】
また、現像ローラの表面ウレタン層は、現像剤の剥離という点で問題を生じることがあった。現像剤の剥離(表面ウレタン層の離型性に依存する)は、通常の画像形成(印字)について、たいした影響を与えないが、現像ローラ幅に対して一部のみしか画像形成しないような場合(たとえば、プリンタ)には、未消費の現像剤が現像ローラ外周面にフィルム状に固着しやすくなる。これをフィルミングとも呼ぶ。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記の課題を解決すべくなされたもので、静電潜像保持体との圧接により充分な接触幅が確保でき、静電潜像保持体より速くかつ30mm/秒以上の周速度で回転しても異音を発生せず、しかもフィルミングを発生しない電子写真装置の現像ローラおよび現像装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に従う電子写真装置の現像ローラは、回転軸の外周に導電弾性層および表面層を同心に積層して設け、該表面層の外周に現像剤を担持させる電子写真装置の現像ローラにおいて、前記表面層は、100%伸張時の引張応力が20〜70kgf/cmのポリウレタン樹脂を主成分とし、その中にシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂を0.2〜30重量%含有して成り、電気抵抗が1010Ω・cm以下であり、回転周速度30〜100mm/秒で用いられることを特徴とする。
本発明に従う電子写真装置の現像装置は、静電潜像保持体に接触して対向配置された現像ローラと、現像ローラの外表面に現像剤層を形成する手段と、現像ローラを前記静電潜像保持体より速い回転周速度で回転させる手段とを有する電子写真装置の現像装置において、前記現像ローラは、回転軸の外周に導電弾性層および表面層を同心に積層して設けて成り、前記表面層は、100%伸張時の引張応力が20〜70kgf/cmのポリウレタン樹脂を主成分とし、その中にシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂を0.2〜30重量%含有して成り、電気抵抗が1010Ω・cm以下であり、前記現像ローラの回転周速度は、30〜100mm/秒であることを特徴とする。
また、前記現像ローラの外表面に現像剤層を形成する手段は、弾性を有する金属板から成ることが好ましい。
本発明に従えば、表面層を形成するポリウレタン樹脂の組成および100%引張り応力を特定することにより30mm/秒以上の高速においても異音(微震動)の発生を押さえ、シリコン・アクリル樹脂の含有量を特定することにより、フィルミングの発生を押さえ、さらに電気抵抗を特定することにより、回転軸からローラ表面への現像バイアスの供給を確保し、現像剤との摩擦帯電性の制御が容易になった。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
【0008】
図1は、本発明に係る現像ローラの一実施の形態を示す全体斜視図であり、図中、1は現像ローラ、2は回転軸、3は導電弾性層、4は表面層を表す。
【0009】
図2は、本発明に係る現像装置の一実施の形態を示す要部断面図であり、図中、1は現像ローラ、5は静電潜像保持体である感光体ドラム、6は現像剤層を形成する手段としての薄層化ブレード、7は現像剤供給ローラ、8は現像剤を表す。
【0010】
図1において、本発明の現像ローラ1は、回転軸2の外周に導電弾性層3および表面層4を順に設けたもので、図2に示すように感光体ドラム5と反対まわりに回転する。
【0011】
図2を参照して、本発明の現像装置の動作、構成をより詳しく説明すると、現像ローラ1が感光体ドラム5に対向して圧接され、この現像ローラ1の感光体ドラム5との圧接位置の反対側には、現像剤供給ローラ7が圧接され、また前記現像ローラ1と感光体ドラム5との圧接位置の回転上流側には、現像ローラ1の外周面に現像剤の薄層を形成する部材である薄層化ブレード6が配置され、さらに枠体に軸受を介して両端を支持された回転軸2の一端には、現像ローラ1を感光体ドラム5より速い周速度で回転させる駆動部材(図示せず)が取付けられている。
【0012】
現像ローラ1の回転軸2としては、剛性が大きく細くて曲がりにくいものなら特に限定されないが、ステンレスや表面処理鋼が好ましく、両端部を軸支したりギヤ等の駆動部材を嵌め込むためJISハメアイ寸法に準じて高精度に加工して用いられる。回転軸2は脱脂洗浄し、必要に応じて接着剤を塗布し、導電弾性層3をその上に形成する金型に固定される。
【0013】
回転軸2の外周に形成される導電弾性層3には、電気抵抗が103〜1010Ω・cm(好ましくは104〜109Ω・cm)、JIS−A硬度20〜60度の変形しやすく変形回復性に優れた、たとえばポリウレタン、NBR(アクリロニトリルブタジエンゴム)、CR(クロロプレンゴム)、シリコンゴム等から成る弾性体または発泡体が用いられる。導電弾性層3の電気抵抗を前記の範囲に調整するには、ポリウレタン等の弾性体または発泡体に導電性付与剤(たとえば、カーボンブラック)を適当量含有させる。なお、導電弾性層3の厚みは、5〜10mm程度である。導電弾性層3を回転軸2上に形成するには、前記のように回転軸2を固定し、所定温度に予熱された金型に対し、ポリウレタン等の液状原料の場合は、反応混合液を注入し、硬化させる注型法が、また未加硫ゴムの場合は、加熱プレスにより金型にゴムを注入し、加硫するプレス加硫法が用いられる。得られるローラ成形体に、所望ならば、凹凸、偏心を除去し、その外周に均一厚さの表面層4を形成し得るように、導電弾性層3の外周を研磨する。
【0014】
導電弾性層3の外周に形成される表面層4には、100%伸長時の引張り応力が20〜70kgf/cm2の範囲にあり、導電弾性層3の変形への追従性、耐磨耗性に優れたポリウレタン樹脂を主成分とし、この中にシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂を0.2〜30重量%含有してなり、電気抵抗が1010Ω・cm以下のものが用いられる。ポリウレタン樹脂の100%伸長時の引張り応力が20kgf/cm2未満であると表面層4の機械的強度が弱くなり、また70kgf/cm2 を超えると異音が発生しやすくなる。この異音が発生するメカニズムについては、明らかではないが、現像ローラ1の表面層4であるウレタン層が感光体ドラム5に引張られたとき、引張り応力が高い樹脂の場合、その復元力が強く、微震動を起こして、異音を発生するものと考えられる。本発明の現像ローラ1は、上記の構成から、異音の発生を効果的に抑制する。
【0015】
シリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂の含有量が0.2重量%未満であると離型性を向上する添加効果に乏しく、また30重量%を超えると、表面層4の強度が低下するので、0.2〜30重量%の範囲とされる。
【0016】
表面層4を導電弾性層3の外周上に形成するには、まず100%伸長時の引張り応力が20〜70kgf/cmの範囲にあるポリウレタン樹脂を選定し、これにシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂を適当量添加し、これらを溶剤に溶かし、電気抵抗を前記の範囲に調整するためカーボンブラック、金属酸化物、有機ホスホニウム塩等の導電性付与剤を分散溶解させ、得られた液を、前記導電弾性層3の外周面に塗布する。この塗布法は、浸積法、ハケ塗り法、スプレー法等を用い、厚み5〜80μm(好ましくは10〜70μm)の表面層4になるよう塗布すればよい。
【0017】
本発明の現像装置において、現像ローラ1は、感光体ドラム5に軸心を平行にして、接触幅が0.2〜6mm(好ましくは、1〜4mm)となるように対向配置される。
【0018】
また、薄層化ブレード6としては、厚さ0.1〜0.3mmの弾性を有する金属ブレード(リン青銅、ステンレス等)、厚さ0.5〜2.0mmの弾性体ブレード、または厚さ0.1〜0.3mmの金属片(リン青銅、ステンレス等)を支持体としてその先端に三角や半円の弾性体であるブレード部材を付けた複合ブレード等が用いることができるが、構造が簡単で滑りがよい点で厚さ0.1〜0.3mmの弾性を有する金属板の現像ローラとの当接部を曲面に加工したものが好ましく用いられる。
【0019】
現像剤供給ローラ7としては、その回転軸の外周に発泡体(EPDM、ポリウレタン等)を同心に形成したものが用いられる。現像剤供給ローラ7は、現像ローラ1より硬度が低く、0.5〜1mm変形させて現像ローラ1に圧接され、現像ローラ1より低い周速度で回転される。
【0020】
また、本発明の現像装置には、現像ローラ1を感光体ドラム5より速い周速度で回転させる駆動部材が各ローラの回転軸の同一側端部に設けられている。駆動部材としては、ギヤや歯付プリ・ベルト等が用いられる。感光体ドラム/現像ローラ/供給ローラの周速比は0.2〜0.99/1.0/0.3〜0.8とされ、かつ現像ローラの周速度は30mm/秒以上とされる。周速度が30mm/秒より小さい場合は、従来技術の現像ローラでも、本発明の現像ローラと大差はないが、30mm/秒以上の高速になると、異音の発生において顕著な差がでるので、本発明の現像ローラは、周速度30mm/秒以上で使用することが特に好ましい。
【0021】
図2に示されているように、感光体ドラム5、現像ローラ1、現像剤供給ローラ7が互いに圧接され、矢印方向に回転すると、現像剤8が現像剤供給ローラ7により現像ローラ1の表面に供給され、さらに薄層化ブレード6により均一な薄層に整えられ、かつ摩擦帯電される。このようにして帯電された現像剤は、現像ローラ1と感光体ドラム5との接触回転によって感光体ドラム5上の静電潜像に移り、その結果、静電潜像が可視化(現像)される。
【0022】
(実施例)
以下に実施例、製造例および比較例を挙げて、本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、これらは本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。すべての部および%は特に示す以外は重量基準である。
【0023】
(製造例)
導電弾性層を備えるローラの製造
平均分子量4000で官能基数2のポリプロピレンエーテルグリコール75部と、平均分子量6000で官能基数3のポリプロピレンエーテルグリコール25部とから成る混合ポリオールにカーボンブラック5部を加え混練した混合物に、ジブチルチンジラウレート(触媒)0.2部を添加し、撹拌混合し均一になった後、40℃、3 Toor 以下の圧力で3時間以上減圧脱水した。このようにして調製したポリオール混合物に、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートの3量体(HDIトリマ)を、イソシアネートインデクスが105になる比率で加え、撹拌混合して注型液を調製した。
【0024】
別途、外周に接着剤を塗布したステンレス製の回転軸を、80℃に加熱した導電弾性層成形用の金型に両端を固定してセットし、この金型に前記注型液を注入した。約10分間反応硬化させ、脱型し、室温で約24時間放置後、外径部を研磨し回転軸上に導電弾性層を形成した。この導電弾性層のJIS−A硬度は40度、電気抵抗は4×105Ω・cmであった。
【0025】
(実施例1)
100%伸長時の引張り応力が40kgf/cm2であるポリエステル系ポリウレタン100部と、カーボンブラック3部とシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂(東亜合成化学社製、アロンGS−30)3部とを、テトラハイドロフラン(THF)900部に溶解分散させた浸積液に、製造例で得たローラ体を軸方向に浸積し、乾燥させて導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この表面層の厚さは20μm、電気抵抗は5×106Ω・cmであった。
【0026】
この現像ローラを図2に示すプリンタ用現像装置に下記条件で組込み、画像出し試験を行い、異音発生の有無、画像のかぶり有無、および20000枚画像出し後の現像ローラ表面のキズ・磨耗の有無を調べた。それらの結果を表1に示す。
【0027】
画像出し条件
薄層化ブレード:厚さ0.1mmのステンレス板の先端の現像ローラとの接触部をR曲面に形成したブレードを現像ローラに軽く圧接する。
感光体ドラム:表面に有機感光層を感光体ドラムを用い、現像ローラは感光体ドラムに対して接触幅2.0mmで圧接する。
現像剤供給ローラ:ステンレス製回転軸の外周に軟質ポリウレタン発泡体を同心に設けたローラを用い、現像ローラに対し、接触深さ0.5mmで圧接する。駆動部材:各部材の回転軸一端に嵌合・固定し各部材の回転数(周速度)を調整するギヤであり、本例では、周速度比を感光体ドラム/現像ローラ=0.8/1とし、現像ローラの周速度を35mm/秒とした。
【0028】
(実施例2)
100%伸長時の引張り応力が70kgf/cm2であるポリエステル系ポリウレタンを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で、画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表1に示す。
【0029】
(実施例3)
100%伸長時の引張り応力が20kgf/cm2 であるポリエステル系ポリウレタンを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で、画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表1に示す。
【0030】
(実施例4)
シリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂の配合量をポリエステル系ポリウレタン100部に対して、3部の代わりに30部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で、画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表1に示す。
【0031】
(実施例5)
シリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂の配合量をポリエステル系ポリウレタン100部に対して、3部の代わりに0.2部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で、画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表1に示す。
【0032】
(実施例6)
カーボンブラックの添加量をポリエステル系ポリウレタン100部に対して、3部の代わりに0.5部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で、画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表1に示す。
なお、本実施例の現像ローラの電気抵抗は3×1010Ω・cmであった。
【0033】
(実施例7)
カーボンブラックの添加量をポリエステル系ポリウレタン100部に対して、3部の代わりに7部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で、画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表1に示す。
なお、本実施例の現像ローラの電気抵抗は4×104Ω・cmであった。
【0034】
(実施例8)
実施例1で得られた現像ローラは用い、現像ローラの周速度を90mm/秒とし、周速度比を0.3/1.0とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして画像出し試験を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
【0035】
(比較例1)
100%伸長時の引張り応力が85kgf/cm2であるポリエステル系ポリウレタンを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0036】
(比較例2)
100%伸長時の引張り応力が10kgf/cm2であるポリエステル系ポリウレタンを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0037】
(比較例3)
シリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂の配合量をポリエステル系ポリウレタン100部に対して、3部の代わりに0.1部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0038】
(比較例4)
シリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂の配合量をポリエステル系ポリウレタン100部に対して、3部の代わりに35部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0039】
(比較例5)
カーボンブラックの添加量を0部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして導電弾性層の外周面に表面層を有する現像ローラを得た。この現像ローラを用いて、実施例1の条件で、画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表2に示す。
なお、本比較例の現像ローラの電気抵抗は、3×1011Ω・cmであった。
【0041】
(比較例
実施例1で得られた現像ローラを用い、現像ローラの周速度を120mm/秒とし、周速度比を0.2/1.0とした以外は、実施例1の条件で、画像出し試験を実施した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0042】
【表1】

Figure 0003814361
【0043】
【表2】
Figure 0003814361
【0044】
表1の結果から明らかなように、表面層を主に形成するポリウレタン樹脂の100%伸長時の引張り応力が大きすぎると感光体ドラムと現像ローラが圧接して摺擦することによる異音の発生が大きく、逆に小さすぎると皮膜の磨耗やキズが発生するため、20〜70kgf/cm2 の範囲に設定することが必要である。ポリウレタン樹脂に配合されるシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂の量が少なすぎると、トナーフィルミングが生じ、逆に多すぎると表面層の強度が低下するため、配合量は0.2〜30重量%の範囲に設定することが必要である。
【0045】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、現象ローラの外周にあたる表面層を100%伸長時の引張り応力が20〜70kgf/cm2 の範囲にあるポリウレタン樹脂から形成したので、現象ローラを現像装置に装着し、使用するとき、感光体ドラムとの圧接、摺擦によって発生する異音を抑制することができる。また、表面層に充分な機械的強度が付与されるので、圧接による磨耗キズが生じない。
【0046】
また、本発明によれば、表面層を形成するポリウレタン樹脂にシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂を添加することによって、表面層の離型性が向上し、現像剤のフィルミングが防止できる。
【0047】
また、本発明の現像装置において、現象ローラの周速度を30〜100mm/秒に設定すると、異音の発生をさらに抑えることができる。
【0048】
さらに、本発明の現像装置において、薄層化ブレードとして弾性を有する金属板を使用すると、現像剤が現象ローラ外周上に均一な薄層で供給される。
【0049】
加えて、本発明の現象ローラを使用して、画像出しを行うと画像のかぶりもほとんど観察されない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の現象ローラの一実施の形態を示す全体斜視図である。
【図2】図1の現象ローラを装着した本発明の現像装置の一実施の形態を示す要部断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 現象ローラ
2 回転軸
3 導電弾性層
4 表面層
5 感光体ドラム
6 薄層ブレード
7 現像剤供給ローラ
8 現像剤[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a developing roller and a developing device of an electrophotographic apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a developing roller and a developing device that can obtain a high-quality image using a one-component developer and that does not generate abnormal noise.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an electrophotographic apparatus, a developing device having a developing roller is disposed to supply a visible image by supplying a thinned developer to a latent image on an electrostatic latent image holding member (photosensitive drum). In particular, a developing device using a one-component developer can be simplified, downsized, and easily colored, so that a developing roller having rubber elasticity is pressed against an electrostatic latent image holding member. Has been done. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-252579 discloses a pressure developing device using a one-component developer. In this apparatus, a developing roller having a lower layer made of oil-resistant rubber having a hardness of 40 degrees or less and a resistance value of 10 10 Ω · cm or less and a surface layer made of polyurethane resin is faster in peripheral speed than the electrostatic latent image holding member. By rotating with, a high-quality image can be obtained.
[0003]
However, the above developing device is excellent in abrasion resistance and bending / deformability because the surface layer of the developing roller is made of polyurethane resin, but due to the difference in peripheral speed between the developing roller and the electrostatic latent image holding member, When the surface urethane layer of the developing roller is pulled by the electrostatic latent image holding member and restored on the contact surface, there is a problem that abnormal noise is generated and slight vibration is caused. This problem is particularly prominent when the peripheral speed of the developing roller is 30 mm / second or more, and has become a bottleneck in increasing the speed of the electrophotographic apparatus.
[0004]
Further, the surface urethane layer of the developing roller may cause a problem in terms of developer peeling. The developer peeling (depending on the release property of the surface urethane layer) does not affect the normal image formation (printing), but only a part of the width of the developing roller forms an image. In (for example, a printer), unconsumed developer is likely to adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller in the form of a film. This is also called filming.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can ensure a sufficient contact width by pressure contact with the electrostatic latent image holding member, and can be faster than the electrostatic latent image holding member and have a peripheral speed of 30 mm / second or more. It is an object of the present invention to provide a developing roller and a developing device for an electrophotographic apparatus that do not generate abnormal noise even when rotated at, and do not generate filming.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The developing roller of the electrophotographic apparatus according to the present invention is the developing roller of the electrophotographic apparatus in which the conductive elastic layer and the surface layer are provided concentrically on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and the developer is supported on the outer periphery of the surface layer. The surface layer is mainly composed of a polyurethane resin having a tensile stress of 20 to 70 kgf / cm 2 when stretched at 100%, and contains 0.2 to 30% by weight of a silicon / acrylic copolymer resin. There Ri der 10 10 Ω · cm or less, and wherein the Rukoto employed in peripheral speed 30 to 100 mm / sec.
The developing device of the electrophotographic apparatus according to the present invention comprises a developing roller disposed in contact with and in contact with the electrostatic latent image holding member, a means for forming a developer layer on the outer surface of the developing roller, and the developing roller. In the developing device of the electrophotographic apparatus having means for rotating at a rotational peripheral speed faster than that of the latent image holding member, the developing roller is formed by concentrically laminating a conductive elastic layer and a surface layer on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, The surface layer is mainly composed of a polyurethane resin having a tensile stress of 20 to 70 kgf / cm 2 at 100% elongation, and contains 0.2 to 30% by weight of a silicon / acrylic copolymer resin. The resistance is 10 10 Ω · cm or less, and the rotational peripheral speed of the developing roller is 30 to 100 mm / second.
The means for forming the developer layer on the outer surface of the developing roller is preferably made of a metal plate having elasticity.
According to the present invention, by specifying the composition of the polyurethane resin forming the surface layer and 100% tensile stress, the generation of abnormal noise (microvibration) can be suppressed even at a high speed of 30 mm / second or more, and the inclusion of silicon / acrylic resin By specifying the amount, the occurrence of filming can be suppressed, and further, by specifying the electrical resistance, it is possible to ensure the supply of the developing bias from the rotating shaft to the roller surface and to easily control the triboelectric chargeability with the developer. became.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of a developing roller according to the present invention, in which 1 denotes a developing roller, 2 denotes a rotating shaft, 3 denotes a conductive elastic layer, and 4 denotes a surface layer.
[0009]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing an embodiment of a developing device according to the present invention, in which 1 is a developing roller, 5 is a photosensitive drum as an electrostatic latent image holding member, and 6 is a developer. A thinning blade as a means for forming a layer, 7 represents a developer supply roller, and 8 represents a developer.
[0010]
In FIG. 1, a developing roller 1 of the present invention is provided with a conductive elastic layer 3 and a surface layer 4 in order on the outer periphery of a rotating shaft 2, and rotates in the opposite direction to the photosensitive drum 5 as shown in FIG.
[0011]
Referring to FIG. 2, the operation and configuration of the developing device of the present invention will be described in more detail. The developing roller 1 is pressed against the photosensitive drum 5, and the pressure contact position of the developing roller 1 with the photosensitive drum 5 is shown. The developer supply roller 7 is pressed against the opposite side of the developing roller 1, and a thin layer of developer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 1 on the upstream side of the pressure contact position between the developing roller 1 and the photosensitive drum 5. Further, a thinning blade 6 is disposed as a member for rotating the developing roller 1 at a peripheral speed faster than that of the photosensitive drum 5 at one end of the rotating shaft 2 supported on both ends of the frame body via bearings. A member (not shown) is attached.
[0012]
The rotating shaft 2 of the developing roller 1 is not particularly limited as long as it has a large rigidity and is difficult to bend. However, stainless steel or surface-treated steel is preferable, and both ends are supported and a driving member such as a gear is fitted. Used with high precision according to the dimensions. The rotating shaft 2 is degreased and washed, and an adhesive is applied as necessary, and is fixed to a mold on which the conductive elastic layer 3 is formed.
[0013]
The conductive elastic layer 3 formed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 2 has a deformation of 10 3 to 10 10 Ω · cm (preferably 10 4 to 10 9 Ω · cm) and a JIS-A hardness of 20 to 60 degrees. For example, an elastic body or foam made of polyurethane, NBR (acrylonitrile butadiene rubber), CR (chloroprene rubber), silicon rubber, or the like, which is easy to be deformed and excellent in deformation recovery, is used. In order to adjust the electric resistance of the conductive elastic layer 3 within the above range, an appropriate amount of a conductivity-imparting agent (for example, carbon black) is contained in an elastic body such as polyurethane or a foam. The thickness of the conductive elastic layer 3 is about 5 to 10 mm. In order to form the conductive elastic layer 3 on the rotating shaft 2, the rotating shaft 2 is fixed as described above, and in the case of a liquid raw material such as polyurethane with respect to a mold preheated to a predetermined temperature, a reaction mixture is used. A casting method for injecting and curing is used, and in the case of unvulcanized rubber, a press vulcanizing method is used in which rubber is injected into a mold by a hot press and vulcanized. If desired, the outer periphery of the conductive elastic layer 3 is polished so that the unevenness and the eccentricity are removed from the obtained roller molded body and the surface layer 4 having a uniform thickness can be formed on the outer periphery.
[0014]
The surface layer 4 formed on the outer periphery of the conductive elastic layer 3 has a tensile stress at 100% elongation in the range of 20 to 70 kgf / cm 2 , and can follow the deformation of the conductive elastic layer 3 and wear resistance. The main component is an excellent polyurethane resin, and a resin containing 0.2 to 30% by weight of a silicon / acrylic copolymer resin and having an electric resistance of 10 10 Ω · cm or less is used. When the tensile stress at 100% elongation of the polyurethane resin is less than 20 kgf / cm 2 , the mechanical strength of the surface layer 4 becomes weak, and when it exceeds 70 kgf / cm 2 , abnormal noise tends to occur. The mechanism for generating this abnormal noise is not clear, but when the urethane layer, which is the surface layer 4 of the developing roller 1, is pulled to the photosensitive drum 5, the resilience is strong in the case of a resin having a high tensile stress. It is considered that abnormal noise is generated due to slight vibration. The developing roller 1 of the present invention effectively suppresses the generation of abnormal noise from the above configuration.
[0015]
If the content of the silicon / acrylic copolymer resin is less than 0.2% by weight, the effect of improving the releasability is poor, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the strength of the surface layer 4 decreases. The range is 2 to 30% by weight.
[0016]
In order to form the surface layer 4 on the outer periphery of the conductive elastic layer 3, first, a polyurethane resin having a tensile stress at 100% elongation in the range of 20 to 70 kgf / cm is selected, and a silicon-acrylic copolymer resin is selected. Add appropriate amounts, dissolve them in a solvent, and disperse and dissolve a conductivity imparting agent such as carbon black, metal oxide or organic phosphonium salt in order to adjust the electric resistance to the above range, It is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 3. This coating method may be performed using a dipping method, a brush coating method, a spray method, or the like so that the surface layer 4 has a thickness of 5 to 80 μm (preferably 10 to 70 μm).
[0017]
In the developing device of the present invention, the developing roller 1 is disposed opposite to the photosensitive drum 5 so that the axial center is parallel and the contact width is 0.2 to 6 mm (preferably 1 to 4 mm).
[0018]
Further, as the thinned blade 6, a metal blade (phosphor bronze, stainless steel, etc.) having a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, an elastic blade having a thickness of 0.5 to 2.0 mm, or a thickness. A composite blade or the like in which a metal piece (phosphor bronze, stainless steel, etc.) of 0.1 to 0.3 mm is used as a support and a blade member that is a triangular or semicircular elastic body is attached to the tip can be used. A metal plate having elasticity of 0.1 to 0.3 mm and having a contact portion with a developing roller, which is simple and has good slippage, is preferably used.
[0019]
As the developer supply roller 7, a roller in which foams (EPDM, polyurethane, etc.) are formed concentrically on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft is used. The developer supply roller 7 has a lower hardness than the developing roller 1, is deformed by 0.5 to 1 mm, is pressed against the developing roller 1, and is rotated at a lower peripheral speed than the developing roller 1.
[0020]
Further, in the developing device of the present invention, a driving member that rotates the developing roller 1 at a faster peripheral speed than the photosensitive drum 5 is provided at the same side end of the rotating shaft of each roller. As the driving member, a gear, a toothed pre-belt, or the like is used. The peripheral speed ratio of the photosensitive drum / developing roller / supply roller is 0.2 to 0.99 / 1.0 / 0.3 to 0.8, and the peripheral speed of the developing roller is 30 mm / second or more. . When the peripheral speed is smaller than 30 mm / second, even the developing roller of the prior art is not much different from the developing roller of the present invention, but when the speed is higher than 30 mm / second, there is a significant difference in the generation of abnormal noise. The developing roller of the present invention is particularly preferably used at a peripheral speed of 30 mm / second or more.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2, when the photosensitive drum 5, the developing roller 1, and the developer supply roller 7 are pressed against each other and rotated in the direction of the arrow, the developer 8 is transferred to the surface of the developing roller 1 by the developer supply roller 7. , And a uniform thin layer is prepared by the thinning blade 6 and is triboelectrically charged. The developer charged in this way moves to the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 5 by contact rotation between the developing roller 1 and the photosensitive drum 5, and as a result, the electrostatic latent image is visualized (developed). The
[0022]
(Example)
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, Production Examples and Comparative Examples below, but these do not limit the scope of the present invention. All parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
[0023]
(Production example)
Production of Roller with Conductive Elastic Layer 5 parts of carbon black was added and kneaded to a mixed polyol consisting of 75 parts of polypropylene ether glycol having an average molecular weight of 4000 and 2 functional groups and 25 parts of polypropylene ether glycol having an average molecular weight of 3 and 3 functional groups. After adding 0.2 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate (catalyst) to the mixture and stirring and mixing, the mixture was homogenized and then dehydrated under reduced pressure at 40 ° C. and a pressure of 3 Torr or less for 3 hours or more. To the polyol mixture thus prepared, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer (HDI trimer) was added at a ratio such that the isocyanate index was 105, and the mixture was stirred and mixed to prepare a casting solution.
[0024]
Separately, a rotating shaft made of stainless steel with an adhesive applied to the outer periphery was set with both ends fixed to a mold for forming a conductive elastic layer heated to 80 ° C., and the casting solution was poured into this mold. The reaction was cured for about 10 minutes, demolded, and allowed to stand at room temperature for about 24 hours, and then the outer diameter portion was polished to form a conductive elastic layer on the rotating shaft. The conductive elastic layer had a JIS-A hardness of 40 degrees and an electric resistance of 4 × 10 5 Ω · cm.
[0025]
Example 1
100 parts of a polyester polyurethane having a tensile stress of 40 kgf / cm 2 at 100% elongation, 3 parts of carbon black and 3 parts of a silicon / acrylic copolymer resin (Aron GS-30, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) The roller body obtained in the production example is immersed in the immersion liquid dissolved and dispersed in 900 parts of hydrofuran (THF) in the axial direction and dried to obtain a developing roller having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer. It was. The surface layer had a thickness of 20 μm and an electric resistance of 5 × 10 6 Ω · cm.
[0026]
This developing roller is incorporated into the printer developing apparatus shown in FIG. 2 under the following conditions, and an image output test is performed. The presence or absence of abnormal noise, the presence or absence of image fogging, and the surface of the developing roller after scratching and abrasion are observed The presence or absence was examined. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0027]
Image printing conditions Thin blade: A blade having a curved surface formed with a contact portion with a developing roller at the tip of a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 0.1 mm is lightly pressed against the developing roller.
Photosensitive drum: An organic photosensitive layer is used on the surface of the photosensitive drum, and the developing roller is pressed against the photosensitive drum with a contact width of 2.0 mm.
Developer supply roller: A roller having a soft polyurethane foam concentrically provided on the outer periphery of a stainless steel rotating shaft is used and pressed against the developing roller at a contact depth of 0.5 mm. Drive member: A gear that is fitted and fixed to one end of the rotation shaft of each member to adjust the rotation speed (peripheral speed) of each member. In this example, the peripheral speed ratio is the photosensitive drum / developing roller = 0.8 / 1 and the peripheral speed of the developing roller was 35 mm / second.
[0028]
(Example 2)
A developing roller having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyester-based polyurethane having a tensile stress at 100% elongation of 70 kgf / cm 2 was used. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
Example 3
A developing roller having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyester-based polyurethane having a tensile stress at 100% elongation of 20 kgf / cm 2 was used. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0030]
Example 4
Development having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the silicone-acrylic copolymer resin is 30 parts instead of 3 parts with respect to 100 parts of the polyester polyurethane. Got Laura. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0031]
(Example 5)
A surface layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the silicone / acrylic copolymer resin is 0.2 parts instead of 3 parts with respect to 100 parts of the polyester polyurethane. A developing roller having was obtained. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0032]
(Example 6)
A developing roller having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of carbon black added was 0.5 parts instead of 3 parts with respect to 100 parts of polyester polyurethane. Obtained. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
The electric resistance of the developing roller of this example was 3 × 10 10 Ω · cm.
[0033]
(Example 7)
A developing roller having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of carbon black added was 7 parts instead of 3 parts with respect to 100 parts of the polyester polyurethane. . Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
The electric resistance of the developing roller of this example was 4 × 10 4 Ω · cm.
[0034]
(Example 8)
The developing roller obtained in Example 1 was used, and an image output test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the peripheral speed of the developing roller was 90 mm / second and the peripheral speed ratio was 0.3 / 1.0. went. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0035]
(Comparative Example 1)
A developing roller having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyester-based polyurethane having a tensile stress at 100% elongation of 85 kgf / cm 2 was used. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0036]
(Comparative Example 2)
A developing roller having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyester-based polyurethane having a tensile stress at 100% elongation of 10 kgf / cm 2 was used. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0037]
(Comparative Example 3)
A surface layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the silicone / acrylic copolymer resin is 0.1 part instead of 3 parts with respect to 100 parts of the polyester polyurethane. A developing roller having was obtained. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0038]
(Comparative Example 4)
Development having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the silicone / acrylic copolymer resin is 35 parts instead of 3 parts with respect to 100 parts of the polyester polyurethane. Got Laura. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0039]
(Comparative Example 5)
A developing roller having a surface layer on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive elastic layer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of carbon black added was 0 part. Using this developing roller, an image output test was performed under the conditions of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
The electric resistance of the developing roller of this comparative example was 3 × 10 11 Ω · cm.
[0041]
(Comparative Example 6 )
Using the developing roller obtained in Example 1, the peripheral speed of the developing roller was set to 120 mm / sec, and the peripheral speed ratio was set to 0.2 / 1.0. Carried out. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0042]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003814361
[0043]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003814361
[0044]
As is apparent from the results in Table 1, when the tensile stress at 100% elongation of the polyurethane resin mainly forming the surface layer is too large, abnormal noise is generated due to the contact between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller and friction. On the other hand, if it is too small, the film will be worn and scratched, so it is necessary to set it in the range of 20 to 70 kgf / cm 2 . If the amount of the silicone / acrylic copolymer resin blended in the polyurethane resin is too small, toner filming occurs. Conversely, if the amount is too large, the strength of the surface layer decreases, so the blending amount is 0.2 to 30% by weight. It is necessary to set the range.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the surface layer corresponding to the outer periphery of the phenomenon roller is formed from the polyurethane resin having a tensile stress at 100% elongation in the range of 20 to 70 kgf / cm 2 , so the phenomenon roller is attached to the developing device. However, when used, it is possible to suppress abnormal noise generated by pressure contact and sliding with the photosensitive drum. In addition, since sufficient mechanical strength is imparted to the surface layer, abrasion scratches due to pressure contact do not occur.
[0046]
Further, according to the present invention, by adding a silicon / acrylic copolymer resin to the polyurethane resin forming the surface layer, the releasability of the surface layer is improved and the filming of the developer can be prevented.
[0047]
In the developing device of the present invention, when the peripheral speed of the phenomenon roller is set to 30 to 100 mm / second, the generation of abnormal noise can be further suppressed.
[0048]
Furthermore, in the developing device of the present invention, when an elastic metal plate is used as the thinning blade, the developer is supplied in a uniform thin layer on the outer periphery of the phenomenon roller.
[0049]
In addition, when the image is output using the phenomenon roller of the present invention, the fogging of the image is hardly observed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of a phenomenon roller of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an embodiment of the developing device of the present invention equipped with the phenomenon roller of FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Phenomenon roller 2 Rotating shaft 3 Conductive elastic layer 4 Surface layer 5 Photosensitive drum 6 Thin layer blade 7 Developer supply roller 8 Developer

Claims (3)

回転軸の外周に導電弾性層および表面層を同心に積層して設け、該表面層の外周に現像剤を担持させる電子写真装置の現像ローラにおいて、前記表面層は、100%伸張時の引張応力が20〜70kgf/cmのポリウレタン樹脂を主成分とし、その中にシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂を0.2〜30重量%含有して成り、電気抵抗が1010Ω・cm以下であり、回転周速度30〜100mm/秒で用いられることを特徴とする電子写真装置の現像ローラ。In a developing roller of an electrophotographic apparatus in which a conductive elastic layer and a surface layer are provided concentrically on the outer periphery of a rotating shaft, and a developer is carried on the outer periphery of the surface layer, the surface layer has a tensile stress at 100% elongation. There was a main component polyurethane resin 20~70kgf / cm 2, an antifoaming agent, 0.2 to 30 wt% of silicon-acrylic copolymer resin therein, the electrical resistance Ri der less 10 10 Omega-cm, developing roller for an electrophotographic apparatus, wherein Rukoto used in peripheral speed 30 to 100 mm / sec. 静電潜像保持体に接触して対向配置された現像ローラと、現像ローラの外表面に現像剤層を形成する手段と、現像ローラを前記静電潜像保持体より速い回転周速度で回転させる手段とを有する電子写真装置の現像装置において、前記現像ローラは、回転軸の外周に導電弾性層および表面層を同心に積層して設けて成り、前記表面層は、100%伸張時の引張応力が20〜70kgf/cmのポリウレタン樹脂を主成分とし、その中にシリコン・アクリル共重合樹脂を0.2〜30重量%含有して成り、電気抵抗が1010Ω・cm以下であり、
現像ローラの回転周速度が30〜100mm/秒であることを特徴とする電子写真装置の現像装置。
A developing roller arranged in contact with and in contact with the electrostatic latent image holding member, a means for forming a developer layer on the outer surface of the developing roller, and the developing roller rotated at a rotational peripheral speed faster than that of the electrostatic latent image holding member. The developing roller is formed by concentrically laminating a conductive elastic layer and a surface layer on an outer periphery of a rotating shaft, and the surface layer is a tensile member when stretched to 100%. The main component is a polyurethane resin having a stress of 20 to 70 kgf / cm 2 , a silicon / acrylic copolymer resin is contained in an amount of 0.2 to 30% by weight, and an electric resistance is 10 10 Ω · cm or less,
A developing device for an electrophotographic apparatus, wherein the rotational peripheral speed of the developing roller is 30 to 100 mm / second.
前記現像ローラの外表面に現像剤層を形成する手段が、弾性を有する金属板から成ることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電子写真装置の現像装置。3. The developing device of an electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the means for forming a developer layer on the outer surface of the developing roller is made of an elastic metal plate.
JP4118297A 1997-02-25 1997-02-25 Developing roller and developing device of electrophotographic apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP3814361B2 (en)

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JP4118297A JP3814361B2 (en) 1997-02-25 1997-02-25 Developing roller and developing device of electrophotographic apparatus

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4118297A JP3814361B2 (en) 1997-02-25 1997-02-25 Developing roller and developing device of electrophotographic apparatus

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JPH10239985A JPH10239985A (en) 1998-09-11
JP3814361B2 true JP3814361B2 (en) 2006-08-30

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US6398702B1 (en) * 2000-02-14 2002-06-04 Xerox Corporation Roll having zirconia coating
KR100398877B1 (en) * 2001-05-09 2003-09-19 삼성전자주식회사 Image forming apparatus having structure for preventing noise and vibration of developing device
JP2004151250A (en) * 2002-10-29 2004-05-27 Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd Toner supply roll
JP5085030B2 (en) 2004-12-24 2012-11-28 東海ゴム工業株式会社 Developing roll and its production method
EP2110715B1 (en) 2008-04-15 2012-06-06 Ten Cate Enbi International B.V. Developing roller, developing apparatus comprising such a developing roller as well a method for providing such a developing roller

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