JP3718672B2 - Ultra-small turning machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a configuration of an ultra-small turning work machine in which a work attachment is mounted on a boom attached to a swivel so that the work attachment can be offset left and right.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known an ultra-small turning work machine in which a work attachment is attached to a boom attached to a swivel base and the work attachment can be decentered left and right. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-112959 discloses That's right.
[0003]
Prior art will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, and 13.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a configuration in which the third boom extends downward in the ultra-small turning work machine in the deepest excavation state, FIG. 6 is a front view of the conventional ultra-small turning work machine, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a side view showing a conventional ultra-small swivel working machine in a state where an excavated material is loaded on the loading platform of a dump truck, FIG. 11 is a side view showing the conventional ultra-small swivel working machine, and FIG. FIG. 13 is a front view of a conventional ultra-small turning work machine. FIG.
[0004]
In such an ultra-small turning work machine, for example, as shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 13, a turntable 84 is attached to the upper portion of the traveling device 81 so as to be turnable, and an operation is performed on the upper portion of the turntable 84. A driving section is provided in which seats and the like are covered with a cabin 89. A first boom 90 is attached to the lateral side of the operating unit 89 so as to be rotatable up and down, and a second boom 91 is attached to the distal end of the first boom 90 so as to be rotatable in the left-right direction. A third boom 92 is attached to be pivotable in the left-right direction, an arm 93 is attached to the third boom 92 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction, and a bucket 94 as a work attachment is pivoted up and down at the tip of the arm 93 The arm 93 and the bucket 94 can be offset in the left-right direction by attaching the second boom 91 in the left-right direction.
[0005]
The arm 93 is rotated up and down by extension and contraction of an arm cylinder 97 interposed between the arm 93 and the third boom 92, and the second boom 91 is moved in the left-right direction around the lower rotation shaft 95. By rotating, the arm 93 and the bucket 94 move to the left and right to be offset with respect to the first boom 90. Further, the axis of the lower rotation shaft 95 that connects the first boom 90 and the second boom 91 and the axis of the upper rotation shaft 96 that connects the second boom 91 and the third boom 92 are mutually connected. When the first boom 90 is lifted to the maximum extent, the lower pivot shaft 95 has an axial extension line of the lower pivot shaft 95 on the arm 93 direction side from the opposite direction side. Is also configured to be located at a low position.
[0006]
In the ultra-small turning work machine configured as described above, the second boom 91 is disposed obliquely forward, the arm 93 is disposed substantially vertically, and the bucket 94 is stored in a state where the bucket 94 is wound. The region surrounded by the second boom 91, the third boom 92, the arm 93, and the line connecting the lower end of the second boom 91 and the lower end of the arm 93 is substantially triangular and narrowly configured. Also, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, when the backhoe device 85 is in the deepest excavation state by tilting the first boom 90 forward, from the vicinity of the connecting portion between the second boom 91 and the third boom 92, The arm 93 connected to the third boom 92 extends downward.
[0007]
In addition, in the backhoe device 85 of the ultra-small turning work machine shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 13, the third boom 92 is lengthened and the digging depth is increased as shown in the conventional drawings of FIGS. 5 and 6. It ’s deep.
That is, when the backhoe device 85 is in the deepest excavation state, the third boom 92 is extended downward from the tip of the second boom 91 as in the third boom 92 shown in FIGS. The excavation depth is obtained by adding the length dimension D of the third boom 92, the length dimension E of the arm 93, and the length dimension F of the bucket 94. Also in this case, the excavation depth can be increased as the length dimension D of the third boom 92 and the length dimension E of the arm 93 are increased.
In the conventional ultra-small turning machine, as shown in FIG. 8, the tip end of the bucket 94 is substantially the dimension L1 obtained by adding the length dimension E of the arm 93 and the length dimension F of the bucket 14. Only the shorter dimension L2 can reach the back side (front side) of the loading platform 51, and only the dimension L2 can be loaded from the rear end of the loading platform 51 to the back side.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as described above, in a state where the bucket 94 is wound, if a region where the bucket 94 is located is substantially triangular and narrow, a large excavated material such as asphalt excavated in the bucket 94 is kept. When the bucket 94 is entrained, the second boom 91, the third boom 92, and the arm 93 may hit the excavated matter protruding from the bucket 94 and be damaged. When the backhoe device 85 is in the deepest excavation state, the arm connected to the third boom 92 extends downward from the vicinity of the connecting portion between the second boom 91 and the third boom 92. In this case, the actual excavation depth becomes a dimension obtained by adding the length dimension E of the arm 93 and the length dimension F of the bucket 94, so that the excavation depth cannot be deep.
Further, if the height of the upper end portion of the backhoe device can be kept low during surface excavation, it is possible to prevent the backhoe device from hitting and damaging an obstacle located above the backhoe device during work. Therefore, excavation work can be performed even in a place having only a low work space.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.
A first boom 10 attached to the lateral side of the operating unit 9 of the swivel 4 so as to be pivotable up and down, a second boom 11 attached to the tip of the first boom 10 so as to be pivotable in the left-right direction, A third boom 12 attached to the second boom 11 so as to be pivotable in the left-right direction; an arm 13 attached to the third boom 12 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction; and a bucket attached to the tip of the arm 13 has 14, the ultraminiature rotary working machine is configured to offset the bucket 14 in the lateral direction by the rotation of the left and right directions of the second boom 11, the second boom 11, the first boom at its lower end The upper end of the second boom 11 is connected to the third boom 12 so as to be able to turn left and right by means of the upper turning shaft 16. Two boom 11 and the first boom An offset cylinder 31 is interposed between the first boom 10 and the third boom 12, and an offset rod 30 is installed between the first boom 10 and the third boom 12. And the third boom 12 are pivotally connected to each other, and the offset rod 30, the first boom 10, the second boom 11, and the third boom 12 constitute a parallel quadruple link mechanism . The axial extension line O of the lower rotating shaft 15 that connects the boom 11 and the axial extension line P of the upper rotating shaft 16 that connects the second boom 11 and the third boom 12 are parallel to each other. When the first boom 10 is lifted to the maximum, the axial extension line OP is configured such that the arm 13 direction side is high and the opposite direction side is low, and the first boom 10 is lifted to the maximum. In the state The third boom 12 extends substantially forward from the upper end of the second boom 11, the arm 13 extends substantially downward from the front end of the third boom 12, and the arm 13 and the second boom 11 are arranged substantially in parallel. The arm cylinder 17 interposed between the third boom 12 and the arm 13 is provided on the third boom 12, and the rear end of the arm cylinder 17 is connected to the third boom 12. The arm cylinder 17 is pivotally connected to the rear portion of the boom 12, and the arm cylinder 17 is provided substantially parallel to the axial center extension line P of the upper rotating shaft 16.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a side view showing an ultra-small turning work machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is also a rear view, FIG. 3 is a side view showing the ultra-small turning work machine in which the backhoe device is in the deepest excavation state, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view showing the micro-swivel working machine of the present invention in a state in which the excavated material is loaded on the dump truck bed, and FIG. 9 shows the arm fulcrum arranged above the axial extension line of the upper rotating shaft. FIG. 10 is a side view showing the ground height of the upper end portion of the backhoe device during surface excavation in the case, FIG. 10 is a backhoe device during surface excavation when the arm fulcrum is disposed below the axial extension line of the upper rotation shaft. It is a side view which shows the ground height of the upper end part of this, and is a comparative reference figure with respect to the structure of FIG. 9 of this invention.
[0011]
The configuration of the ultra-small turning work machine of the present invention will be described.
1 and 2, a swivel base 4 is attached to the upper part of a travel apparatus 1 equipped with a pair of left and right crawler travel apparatuses 2, and a driver's seat 6 is disposed on one side of the upper part of the swivel base 4. And the upper part of the driver's seat 6 is covered with a canopy 7 to constitute a driver 9, and a backhoe device 5 is arranged on the side of the driver 9. A battery 61 and a fuel tank 62 are disposed in front of the operation unit 9, and the battery 61 and the fuel tank 62 are covered with a cover 63. Further, for example, at the rear end portion of the traveling device 1, the earth discharging plate 3 is attached.
[0012]
The backhoe device 5 lifts the first boom 10 as much as possible, and in the state where the arm 13 and the bucket 14 are maximally retracted without being offset left and right (the state shown in FIG. 1), the entire backhoe device 5 is entirely swivel 4. It is configured so that it can be stored within the swivel diameter.
The bucket 14 and the operation unit 9 are configured not to interfere with each other in the small turning storage state where the entire backhoe device 5 is stored within the turning diameter of the turntable 4.
[0013]
Next, the backhoe device 5 will be described. The backhoe device 5 includes a first boom 10 that is attached to the swivel 4 so as to be rotatable up and down, a second boom 11 that is attached to the tip of the first boom 10 so as to be rotatable in the left-right direction, and the second boom 11. A third boom 12 pivotably attached to the left and right sides, an arm 13 pivotally attached to the third boom 12 and a work attachment attached to the tip of the arm 13. A certain bucket 14 is provided, and the arm 13 and the bucket 14 can be offset in the left-right direction by rotating the second boom 11 in the left-right direction.
[0014]
A boom cylinder 29 is interposed between the first boom 10 and the swivel 4, and the first boom 10 can be turned up and down by expansion and contraction of the boom cylinder 29. An arm cylinder 17 is interposed between the arm 13 and the arm 13 so that the arm 13 can be turned up and down by the expansion and contraction of the arm cylinder 17. A bucket cylinder 48 is interposed between the arm 13 and the bucket 14. The bucket 48 can be turned up and down by expansion and contraction.
A trajectory 66 in FIG. 1 is a trajectory through which the tip of the bucket 14 passes as the boom cylinder 29, the arm cylinder 17, the bucket cylinder 48, and the like extend and contract. And so as not to interfere with each other.
[0015]
The lower end of the second boom 11 is connected to the upper end of the first boom 10 and a lower rotating shaft 15 so as to be rotatable left and right. The upper end of the second boom 11 is connected to the third boom by an upper rotating shaft 16. 12 is connected to the second boom 11 and the first boom 10 so that an offset cylinder 31 is interposed.
Further, an offset rod 30 is installed between the first boom 10 and the third boom 12, and both end portions of the offset rod 30 are pivotally attached to the first boom 10 and the third boom 12, respectively. The rod 30, the first boom 10, the second boom 11, and the third boom 12 constitute a parallel quadruple link mechanism.
And by extending and contracting the offset cylinder 31, the bucket 14 is eccentric with respect to the first boom 10 and offset in the left-right direction. In this case, the first boom in front view or rear view is viewed by the parallel quadruple link mechanism. 10 and the third boom 12, the arm 13, and the bucket 14 are not changed in angle, and are offset while maintaining a parallel state.
[0016]
The lower rotating shaft 15 that connects the first boom 10 and the second boom 11 and the upper rotating shaft 16 that connects the second boom 11 and the third boom 12 are respectively connected to the respective axis extension lines O ·. P is arranged so as to be parallel to each other, and when the first boom 10 is lifted to the maximum extent, the lower rotating shaft 15 has the arm 13 direction side of the lower rotating shaft 15 more than the opposite direction side. (In the present embodiment, the front portion of the lower rotation shaft 15 is positioned higher than the rear portion).
The canopy 7 that covers the upper side of the driver's seat 6 is supported by a front column 7a and a rear column 7b. The rear column 7b is erected substantially vertically, and the front column 7a is inclined to be rearward. Has been. And, when viewed from the side, the angle formed by the front support column 7a and the lower rotating shaft 15 is substantially perpendicular.
[0017]
The bucket 14 lifts the first boom 10 of the backhoe device 5 to the maximum extent, and does not interfere with the operation unit 9 in a side view in a small turning storage state in which the arm 3 and the bucket 14 are maximally wound without being offset. It is configured.
In addition, since the angle formed by the lower rotating shaft 15 and the front strut 7a of the canopy 7 is configured to be substantially a right angle, even when the bucket 14 is offset to the left and right, the bucket 14 remains at the front strut. The bucket 14 does not interfere with the operation unit 9 by moving substantially parallel to 7a.
[0018]
In addition, the first boom 10 and the second boom 11 are configured to be inclined rearward in a state in which the first boom 10 is lifted to the maximum. The amount of forward protrusion of the third boom 12, the arm 13, and the bucket 14 to be connected is reduced.
Furthermore, when the first boom is lifted to the maximum extent, the standing angle of the second boom 11 with respect to the ground is configured to be larger than the standing angle of the first boom 10. It is erected vertically.
[0019]
In the posture shown in FIG. 1, that is, in a state where the first boom is lifted to the maximum, the third boom 12 extends substantially forward from the upper end of the second boom 11, and the arm 13 extends from the front end of the third boom 12. Is extended substantially downward, and the arm 13 and the second boom 11 are arranged substantially in parallel. The second boom 11, the third boom 12, the arm 13, and the lower end of the second boom 11 and the lower end of the arm 13 are arranged. A region surrounded by a line connecting the two is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and the bucket 14 is disposed in this region.
[0020]
When the backhoe device 5 configured as described above is placed in the deepest excavation state by tilting the first boom forward, the third boom 12 is moved from the tip of the second boom 11 as shown in FIGS. The arm 13 extends downward from the lower end portion of the third boom 12, and the bucket 14 is attached to the lower end portion of the arm 13.
In this case, the connecting portion between the second boom 11 and the third boom 12 is located near the ground surface, and the maximum excavation depth by the backhoe device 5 is the length dimension A of the third boom 12 and the arm 13. It is substantially equal to the length dimension B and the length dimension C of the bucket 14 added.
[0021]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, when the backhoe device 85 is in the deepest excavation state, the arm 93 connected to the third boom 92 is directly below the connection portion between the second boom 91 and the third boom 92. Compared with the case where the excavation depth is the length of the arm 93 and the bucket 94, the excavation depth is increased by the length dimension A of the third boom 12. be able to.
Further, in order to deepen the excavation depth, the length dimension A of the third boom 12 and the length dimension B of the arm 13 are important, and the longer the length dimension A and B is formed, the more excavation becomes. The depth can be increased. Further, the left and right width W1 of the third boom 12 and the left and right width W2 of the arm 13 are formed to be smaller than the left and right width W3 of the bucket 14 so that the third boom 12 and the arm 13 hit the side surface of the groove or the like during deepest excavation. Prevents damage.
[0022]
Further, as described above, in the posture shown in FIG. 1, the arm 13 and the second boom 11 are arranged substantially in parallel, and the second boom 11, the third boom 12, the arm 13, and the lower end of the second boom 11 are arranged. A region surrounded by a line connecting the arm 13 and the lower end of the arm 13 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape.
Therefore, the upper part of the region, particularly the upper part of the region, can be secured widely, and even when the bucket 14 is rolled in with a large excavated material such as asphalt excavated in the bucket 14, it protrudes from the bucket 14. The second boom 11, the third boom 12 and the arm 13 do not hit the excavated material, and the second boom 11, the third boom 12 and the arm 13 can be prevented from being damaged by the excavated material.
[0023]
Further, when the third boom 12 is formed long and the arm 13 and the second boom 11 are arranged substantially in parallel, the excavated material such as earth and sand excavated by the bucket 14 is loaded on a dump truck or the like. It becomes possible to load the back of the truck bed.
That is, for example, when loading excavated material such as excavated earth and sand from the rear onto a loading platform such as a dump truck, the backhoe device 5 assumes a posture as shown in FIG. From the rear end, the rear side (front side) of the loading platform 51 is approximately the dimension L1 obtained by adding the length dimension A of the third boom 12, the length dimension B of the arm 13, and the length dimension C of the bucket 14. Therefore, it becomes possible to load the excavated material from the rear end of the loading platform 51 to the back side by the dimension L1.
[0024]
Thus, by arranging the arm 13 and the second boom 11 substantially in parallel, the second boom 11, the third boom 12, and the arm 13 can be prevented from being damaged by the excavated matter protruding from the bucket 14. Thus, the excavated material can be loaded to the back side of the loading platform 51 of the dump truck, and the durability and workability of the backhoe device 5 can be improved.
[0025]
Further, the arm fulcrum 21 where the third boom 12 and the arm 13 are connected as shown in FIG. 1 is an axial extension line of the upper rotating shaft 16 connecting the second boom 11 and the third boom 12. As shown in FIG. 9, when the first boom 10 is tilted forward and surface excavation is performed, the inclination angle of the third boom 12 with respect to the ground is reduced. Yes.
As a result, the upper end of the third boom 12 at the time of surface excavation, that is, the ground height H1 of the upper end of the backhoe device 5 is set so that the arm fulcrum 21 is at the upper position as shown in the reference diagram for comparison with the configuration of the present invention in FIG. Ground height of the upper end portion of the backhoe device 5 when it is arranged below the axial extension line P of the rotating shaft 16 and configured to increase the inclination angle of the third boom 12 with respect to the ground during surface excavation. The height can be lower than H2.
[0026]
As described above, the backhoe device 5 hits an obstacle or the like positioned above the backhoe device 5 during work by damaging the upper end of the backhoe device 5 at the time of surface excavation. Therefore, excavation work can be performed even in a place having only a low work space.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention includes a first boom 10 that is pivotably mounted on the lateral side of the operating unit 9 of the swivel base 4, and a second boom that is pivotally mounted on the front end of the first boom 10 in the left-right direction. 11, a third boom 12 attached to the second boom 11 so as to be pivotable in the left-right direction, an arm 13 attached to the third boom 12 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction, and a tip of the arm 13 In the ultra-small turning work machine having the attached bucket 14 and configured so that the bucket 14 can be offset in the left-right direction by turning the second boom 11 in the left-right direction, the second boom 11 has a lower end portion thereof. The upper end of the first boom 10 is connected to the lower pivot shaft 15 so as to be able to turn left and right, and the upper end of the second boom 11 is connected to the third boom 12 so as to be turned left and right via the upper pivot shaft 16. The second boom 11 An offset cylinder 31 is interposed between the first boom 10, and an offset rod 30 is installed between the first boom 10 and the third boom 12. The first boom 10 and the third boom 12 are pivotally connected to each other, and the offset rod 30, the first boom 10, the second boom 11, and the third boom 12 constitute a parallel quadruple link mechanism. The axis extension line O of the lower rotation shaft 15 that connects the second boom 11 and the axis extension line P of the upper rotation shaft 16 that connects the second boom 11 and the third boom 12 are parallel to each other. When the first boom 10 is lifted to the maximum extent, the axial extension line OP is configured such that the arm 13 direction side is high and the opposite direction side is low. Maximum lifted state 3, the third boom 12 extends substantially forward from the upper end of the second boom 11, the arm 13 extends substantially downward from the front end of the third boom 12, and the arm 13 and the second boom 11 are approximately parallel to each other. The arm cylinder 17 disposed between the third boom 12 and the arm 13 is provided along the third boom 12, and the rear end portion of the arm cylinder 17 is disposed at the rear end of the arm cylinder 17. The arm cylinder 17 is pivotally connected to the rear part of the third boom 12, and the arm cylinder 17 is provided substantially in parallel with the axial center extension line P of the upper rotating shaft 16. Therefore, the following effects can be obtained. .
First, when the backhoe device is in the deepest excavation state, the arm connected to the third boom extends directly downward from the vicinity of the connecting portion between the second boom and the third boom. As compared with the case where the excavation depth is the length of the arm and the bucket, the excavation depth can be increased by the length dimension A of the third boom 12.
[0028]
Second, when the third boom is formed long and the excavated material such as earth and sand excavated by the bucket is loaded on the dump truck or the like, the tip of the bucket may reach the back side of the loading platform of the dump truck. It is possible to improve the workability of the backhoe device.
[0029]
Third, it becomes possible to keep the height of the upper end of the backhoe device low during surface excavation, and even if there is an obstacle or the like above the backhoe device during work, the backhoe device hits the obstacle or the like and is damaged. This makes it possible to perform excavation work even in places where there is only a low work space.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an ultra-small turning work machine of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is also a rear view of the ultra-small turning work machine of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing the ultra-small turning work machine in which the backhoe device of the ultra-small turning work machine of the present invention is in the deepest excavation state.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the ultra-small turning work machine of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a conventional ultra-small turning work machine configured such that a third boom extends downward in the ultra-small turning work machine in the deepest excavation state.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a conventional ultra-small turning work machine.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing the micro-swivel working machine of the present invention in a state in which the excavated material is loaded on the loading platform of the dump truck.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a conventional micro-swivel working machine in a state in which excavated material is loaded on a loading platform of a dump truck.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing the height to the ground of the upper end portion of the backhoe device during surface excavation when the arm fulcrum of the present invention is disposed above the axis extension line of the upper rotating shaft.
FIG. 10 is a side view showing the ground height of the upper end portion of the backhoe device at the time of surface excavation when the arm fulcrum is arranged below the axial extension line of the upper rotation shaft, and the configuration of FIG. 9 of the present invention FIG.
FIG. 11 is a side view showing a conventional ultra-small turning work machine.
FIG. 12 is a side view showing a conventional ultra-small turning work machine in which the backhoe device is in the deepest excavation state.
FIG. 13 is a front view of a conventional ultra-small turning work machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling device 4 Swivel base 5 Backhoe device 7 Canopy 7a Front support | pillar 9 Operation part 10 1st boom 11 2nd boom 12 3rd boom 13 Arm 14 Bucket (working attachment)
15 Lower rotation shaft 16 Upper rotation shaft 21 Arm fulcrum 30 Offset rod 31 Offset cylinder

Claims (1)

A first boom 10 attached to the lateral side of the operating unit 9 of the swivel 4 so as to be pivotable up and down, a second boom 11 attached to the tip of the first boom 10 so as to be pivotable in the left-right direction, A third boom 12 attached to the second boom 11 so as to be pivotable in the left-right direction; an arm 13 attached to the third boom 12 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction; and a bucket attached to the tip of the arm 13 14 and is configured to be capable of offsetting the bucket 14 in the left-right direction by turning the second boom 11 in the left-right direction.
The lower end of the second boom 11 is connected to the upper end of the first boom 10 and a lower rotating shaft 15 so as to be rotatable left and right. The upper end of the second boom 11 is connected to the third by an upper rotating shaft 16. The boom 12 is connected to the left and right pivots, an offset cylinder 31 is interposed between the second boom 11 and the first boom 10, and further between the first boom 10 and the third boom 12. An offset rod 30 is installed, and both ends of the offset rod 30 are pivotally attached to the first boom 10 and the third boom 12, respectively. The offset rod 30, the first boom 10, the second boom 11, and the second A parallel quadruple link mechanism is configured by the three booms 12,
An axial extension line O of the lower rotating shaft 15 that connects the first boom 10 and the second boom 11, and an axial extension line of the upper rotating shaft 16 that connects the second boom 11 and the third boom 12. P is arranged so as to be parallel to each other, and when the first boom 10 is lifted to the maximum extent, the axial extension line O · P is configured such that the arm 13 direction side is high and the opposite direction side is low,
In the state where the first boom 10 is lifted to the maximum extent, the third boom 12 extends substantially forward from the upper end of the second boom 11, and the arm 13 extends substantially downward from the front end of the third boom 12, The arm 13 and the second boom 11 are arranged substantially in parallel,
An arm cylinder 17 interposed between the third boom 12 and the arm 13 is provided along the third boom 12.
Further, the rear end portion of the arm cylinder 17 is pivotally connected to the rear portion of the third boom 12.
Further, the arm cylinder 17 is provided substantially in parallel with the axial extension line P of the upper rotating shaft 16.

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