JP3799226B2 - Transrapid Runway - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has a prefabricated member runway abutment provided on a substructure constructed by a cast-in-place concrete method or a prefabricated member method, having at least one hollow reinforcing steel prestressed concrete stringer, and The present invention relates to a runway for a land traffic road having a runway plate manufactured as a separate member projecting from both sides of a prestressed concrete stringer, particularly, for example, a magnetic levitation railway runway such as Transrapid.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Such a runway is known from DE 29809580U1 relating to a structure in which the runway stringer is made of steel.
[0003]
A similar proposal, but with a variety of steel structures that are vulnerable to corrosion and have high noise dissipation and are therefore unfavorable for the environment, as well as conventional concrete prefabricated runway abutments-see DE 4115936A1 for this- Basically, a hollow steel-reinforced prestressed concrete stringer has a trapezoidal cross section, and a larger base leg located on the upper side extends to the left and right. Usually, the extension extends over the entire width of the runway, so all that remains is to provide the runway abutment / guide system runway side components (side guide rails, sliding pieces, and stator package).
[0004]
Such a prestressed concrete girder can be produced quite economically as a concrete mold by simply shaking, but this mold requires particularly dense rebar laying at the edges. This also requires substantially all cross-sections in the end region for rebar placement, and also in the hollow and intermediate regions, always to ensure the strength required in the concrete manufacturing method by shaking. A wall thickness of at least 30 to 40 cm is still necessary.
[0005]
Such a problem can be said in principle even in a hybrid structure in which the side arms of prestressed concrete stringers do not spread over the entire runway width and are somewhat shorter. The shortening arm is laboriously screwed with steel elements of defined dimensions, which again form or hold the runway side components of the abutment / guide system. Even in this case, prestressed concrete girders with shortening arms still have to be produced in molds by shaking, which also leads to the aforementioned problems due to increased weight. An increase in weight is not preferable because it not only increases the material cost, but also makes it difficult to handle the existing member at the time of assembly at the construction site.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a magnetic levitation in the manner described at the beginning, which makes it possible to produce prestressed concrete girders that are simple, cost-effective, have a small wall thickness and consequently low weight. The purpose is to form a railroad track.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve this problem, according to the present invention, a prestressed concrete stringer as a prestressed concrete abutment tube manufactured by a centrifugal concrete manufacturing method having a flat, upper support shoulder with respect to a runway plate is formed. Proposed.
[0008]
The runway plate may be a reinforced concrete plate or a steel plate structure, by separating the girder element and the runway plate, that is, by stopping the concrete pedestal for the runway plate together on the side of the prestressed concrete stringer The prestressed concrete stringer can be basically manufactured as a tubular symmetrical centrifugal concrete molded product. This centrifugal concrete manufacturing method not only realizes a thin wall thickness and thus low weight.
[0009]
[Action]
By this method, it is possible to realize a hollow through girder member that provides a large through space for laying cables and feed pipes. In this case, the bearing shoulder must be formed on the reinforcing rib protruding basically from the side of the cylindrical tube, but this reinforcing rib is remarkably large in the size of a conventional runway girder. It is not comparable to the flange that protrudes greatly. This projecting rib to achieve a slightly larger bearing surface keeps the girder unbalance sufficiently small and, as a result, enables simple centrifugal concrete production-this unbalance is due to other measures in the manufacturing process. You can still make further adjustments, but I'll touch more on that below.
[0010]
Contrary to the construction with prefabricated runway girders with a length of about 20 m to 31 m, the runway plate which is a further development of the present invention is particularly preferably about 6 m long with a short distance towards the runway direction. In addition, it is made up of a plurality of single runway boards. Unlike the runway board laid by conventional direct concrete laying, this board piece can be replaced very quickly, and can be disassembled into individual pieces from the standard girders during maintenance and repair, and therefore easy to repair, and In the particularly preferred production as a steel plate structure, it can be easily cut with a machine and thus processed accurately. A single plate for forming one runway plate can be fixed to a prestressed concrete abutment tube simply and robustly by screwing in the same manner as an existing dog nail method. As yet another advantage, it must be emphasized that a single plate can be accurately integrated.
[0011]
Dividing the runway plate of the prefabricated runway girders from about 20 m to 31 m into a plurality of single plates provides the advantages of simpler and more precise workability and easier handling of the single plates. Furthermore, the division of the runway plate into a single plate has the advantage that a simpler side slope of the runway in the curve can be realized, and in particular that the transition region between the various slope sections can be more easily formed. Bring.
[0012]
The large temperature difference commonly generated in runway girders (the upper runway plate is hot due to solar irradiation and the underlying prestressed concrete girders are shaded and remains cold) as well as the resulting large stresses Due to the excellent structure of screwing-they are further divided into single plates-they can be deflected more efficiently than in the runway plate integrated with the runway girder. The stringer is also formed as a steel girder, and the resonance behavior of the structure of the present invention is far superior to that of a light steel runway in terms of weight as well, and in particular, no corrosion prevention treatment is required.
[0013]
In an elevated runway structure in which a so-called A abutment is normally used, a prestressed concrete abutment pipe provided at the center of the runway plate is provided with a support console that is concrete-launched later for mounting on the abutment. For this purpose, the prestressed concrete abutment tube may be embedded with a threaded bush for screwing the protruding anchor rod into the bearing console, and the prestressed concrete abutment tube may be embedded in the bearing area of the bearing console. It may additionally have a rough surface, so as to ensure a better connection between the prestressed concrete abutment tube and the bearing console.
[0014]
Insert a wedge between the bearing shoulder of the prestressed concrete abutment pipe and the runway plate to create a slope on the side of the runway in the curved section, or-a very steep slope in the curved section To attach-You can rotate the prestressed concrete abutment tube and cast it on the bearing console.
[0015]
The configuration according to the present invention of the runway provided with the prestressed concrete abutment pipe manufactured by the centrifugal concrete manufacturing method can be accurately realized even in the runway of the ground runway structure. To that end, a number of low, relatively narrow (3 to 5 m) transverse directions across a number of runways, to which a continuous intermediate abutment wall or prefabricated runway girder is mounted. Abutment walls are used. Since the transrapid vehicle structure protrudes beyond the side wall of the track, a protrusion of about 80 to 100 cm from the floor is necessary even in the so-called ground track structure. In addition to the increased weight due to the lateral abutments that must be provided overlapping at short intervals and the large weight of the abutments that are deeply fixed to the floor, this structure is caused by high speeds, especially in the lateral direction Due to the steady air turbulence at the abutment, it also causes loud annoying noise (noisy rattling noise).
[0016]
In order to avoid this, according to the present invention, in the case of a ground track structure, two parallel support legs, which, as a preferred form, support the track plate manufactured as separate members together in the form of a single plate piece. A structure is proposed in which prestressed concrete abutment pipes, which are connected to each other at intervals in the region, stand directly on the foundation floor. For this purpose, the prestressed concrete abutment pipe is located at the side of the upper bearing shoulder so that it is only about 80 cm high, with a full width much narrower than the runway width, despite being spaced adjacently. Must be provided with side flats.
[0017]
In addition to the above-mentioned advantages in terms of sound generation, the structure of the present invention consists of centrifugally molded, tensile-strengthened, rectangular tubes connected directly to the foundation floor and having a height of 60 to 80 cm. Has the advantage that the number of foundations per interval unit is very small. Up to now, it was necessary to provide three foundations for each 6.20 m runway plate. However, in the structure of the present invention, there are two bases provided on the end side with respect to the full width of the 20 m-31 m prestressed concrete abutment pipe. The foundation alone is sufficient. This means a significant simplification when constructing the runway.
[0018]
Furthermore, the space between the rectangular tube groups by centrifugal molding is suitable for protective storage of cables and supply pipes. In that case, in the prestressed concrete abutment tube, which is basically formed as a rectangular tube, the side surface of the prestressed concrete abutment tube is formed as a rectangular cross section in the support region, and is screwed to the foundation floor at the rectangular cross section side. There is a special advantage that it can be screwed to the steel frame.
[0019]
In accordance with the present invention, the prestressed concrete rectangular tube formed by centrifugal molding, on which the edge is formed, can be supported on the foundation floor via the wedge intermediate girder on the runway laid on the ground. Thus, there is no need for a special track girder that requires a special centrifugal mold again.
[0020]
In order to prevent the negative effect of deflection due to the weight of the prefabricated runway girders that are laid to arbitrarily support a large area, a prestressed concrete abutment pipe is first formed with a slight arch upward, Depending on the weight of the runway plate disposed on the self weight, it may be possible to accurately obtain a horizontal flat position. On the other hand, the upward arch may be designed so that a horizontal position can be obtained even when a traffic load is applied.
[0021]
Furthermore, in order to accept the heavy weight of the vehicle in the area under the prestressed concrete abutment pipe, strengthen the distribution with relatively thick PC steel, densely laid PC steel or both. You can also.
[0022]
In order to manufacture the prestressed concrete abutment pipe of the present invention, in the implementation process of the present invention, a steel plate that determines the outer shape of the prestressed concrete abutment pipe is provided with support ribs distributed asymmetrically around the rotation axis, In combination with the asymmetrically distributed PC steel material, a centrifugally-molded concrete mold is prepared so that the unbalance caused by the increasing proportion of concrete in the bearing shoulder region is offset. Of course, the roadway plate is not directly molded into the track girder, but is only possible when the above-mentioned automatic unbalance is possible only by being fixed to a prestressed concrete abutment tube manufactured as part of centrifugal molded concrete as a single component. By offsetting, centrifugally shaped concrete production can be realized very reasonably and also with a reasonably high rotational speed and thus with a high concrete density and therefore with a smaller wall thickness.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Other advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of some embodiments and the drawings.
[0024]
The runway structure for the elevated runway structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2-the abutment 1 that is several meters high is shown only implicitly in FIG. 2, but omitted entirely in FIG. Basically, it consists of one prestressed concrete abutment tube 2 and a runway plate 3 manufactured as a separate structural member. This runway plate is not the same as the length of the prestressed concrete abutment tube 2 and is more appropriate than that. Configured as a single plate with a short length.
[0025]
This enables a remarkably simple processing of the runway plate irrespective of the production of the runway plate 3 as a reinforced concrete plate or a steel plate structure as shown. However, in particular, the complete separation of the runway plate and the original stringer is at least nearly symmetrical and therefore has little unbalance, thus allowing the stringer to be formed as a tube that can be produced by centrifugal concrete manufacturing methods. . Most of the entire upper structure exhibited by the runway plate 3 has a trapezoidal shape, and most of the cases are manufactured as an integral structural member together with an abutment vertical tube having a cross section expanding upward. This made rational centrifugal concrete production almost impossible.
[0026]
Moreover, this structural member has to be handled as a whole unit regardless of the manufacturing method. Increased weight due to increased wall thickness of prestressed concrete beams subjected to vibration, weight of road plate fixed to the stringer, and high-precision surface of the road plate have a built-in length of about 20m to 30m. The laying of runway stringers of existing members is very complicated.
[0027]
On top of that, in order to form a bearing shoulder 4 on which a suitable bearing piece 5 of the runway plate 3 can be screwed, there is no unbalance that causes problems, and in any case unbalance and impedes centrifugal concrete production. It is only necessary to provide reinforcing ribs 6 that protrude slightly beyond the cylindrical tube of the prestressed concrete abutment tube 2 so as not to cause asymmetry.
[0028]
Centrifugal concrete production creates a large through space 7 that can be provided for the laying of cables and supply piping. In the production of centrifugal concrete for prestressed concrete abutment pipe 2, a threaded bush 8 is fitted in the abutment region of abutment 1, that is, generally at the end side of a prestressed concrete abutment pipe having a length of 20 to 30 m. The anchor rod 9 can be screwed into it. The anchor rod is used for fixing in the support console 10, and the support console 10 supports the prestressed concrete support pipe 2 including the runway plate 3 on the support 1.
[0029]
In addition, the support legs 11 which are additionally provided, preferably supported by springs, are known per se and therefore need not be described in detail here. Separation of the runway plate from the prestressed concrete abutment tube 2 achieves a very simple runway slope formation in the curve, as shown in FIGS. For this purpose, the wedge plate 12 and the additional distance plate 13 need only be arranged intermediately in the fixed region of the runway plate 3 of the abutment tube 2.
[0030]
Instead, or in addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the prestressed concrete abutment pipe is rotated and displaced about its longitudinal axis, that is, for example, in the state of being rotated and displaced, the bearing console 10 It can also be made concrete. The notable advantage is that, in particular, the individual runway plates 3 as individual plates are divided and formed in the runway gradients shown in FIGS. This is because the gradient does not have to be constant inside the prefabricated track girder with a length of 20m to 31m, because each single plate of about 6.20m can have various slopes. .
[0031]
7 and 8 conceptually show a plan view or a cross-sectional view of a runway having a ground runway structure. These figures are supported directly on the foundation floor 15 via two parallel, spaced apart, prestressed concrete tubes 2 ′ which are screwed to each other by rectangular steel tubes 14. One or more runway boards 3 approximately 6.20 m long are shown.
[0032]
In addition, the foundation floor 15 that can be additionally provided with pedestals 16 has a distance corresponding to the length of the prefabricated track girder, i.e. a distance corresponding to a length of about 20 m-31 m in the embodiment shown. Although it had only to be installed, the existing member track girder support by the lateral abutment girder provided at intervals of 3 meters required almost ten times as many foundations. Along with the hollow space 7 'penetrating the inside of the prestressed concrete abutment pipe 2', which is basically formed as a rectangular pipe, the intermediate space between the prestressed concrete rectangular girders is particularly suitable for accommodating cables and supply pipes. Is also suitable.
[0033]
9 shows the same cross-sectional view as FIG. 7, but in this case, the wedge plate 17 provided on the foundation floor 15 realizes the runway slope as a curve slope.
[0034]
FIG. 10 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the prestressed concrete abutment pipe 2, where the PC steels 20 or 21 provided on the various cylindrical surfaces 18 and 19 are also suggested. In this figure, the PC steel is in some cases made stronger and is prestressed concrete abutment tube far from the bearing shoulder 4 for the purpose of greater reinforcement in the lower region, which is particularly stressed by the applied weight. It is packed more densely in the lower half of 2.
[0035]
This asymmetric distribution of the reinforcing body is increased in the lower region of the prestressed concrete abutment pipe to be manufactured together with the asymmetric distribution of the support ribs 22 for reinforcing the steel plate 23 inside the centrifugal concrete mold 24 of FIG. The steel weight just offset the increased concrete weight in the region of the bearing shoulder and the protruding reinforcing rib 6, so that unbalance is avoided, so that centrifugal concrete production is a particularly simple way, and It can be used to make it possible at specially high rotational speeds.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a prestressed concrete stringer is obtained as a prestressed concrete abutment pipe manufactured by a centrifugal concrete manufacturing method, which has a flat upper shoulder to the runway plate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prefabricated member track girder according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a runway without a runway plate at the abutting portion of two prefabricated member runway girders in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a runway having a runway in which one side is raised in a curve region.
4 is an enlarged view of the partial cross-sectional view IV of FIG. 3 in which a wedge structure of the runway plate on the prestressed concrete abutment pipe is formed.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the partial cross-sectional view V of FIG. 3 in which the wedge structure of the runway plate on the prestressed concrete abutment pipe is formed.
6 is a conceptual diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 showing a state in which a one-sided gradient in a curve is realized by additional displacement rotation of a prestressed concrete abutment pipe.
FIG. 7 is a cross-section of a runway of a ground runway structure comprising two interconnected, basically manufactured, prestressed concrete abutment tubes formed as rectangular tubes.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a portion of the runway of FIG. 7 with a plurality of runway plates resting on two rectangular tubes.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 7, of a runway in a curved curve area.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a prestressed concrete abutment tube with suggested PC rebar.
11 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a centrifugal manufacturing mold for manufacturing the prestressed concrete abutment pipe of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Abutment 2, 2 'Abutment tube 3 Runway board 4, 4' Bearing shoulder 5 Bearing piece 6 Reinforcement rib 7 Internal space 8 Bush 9 Anchor rod 10 Bearing console 11 Abutment leg 12 Wedge plate 13 Distance plate 14 Bearing area 15 Foundation floor

Claims (18)

Having a prefabricated runway abutment provided on a substructure constructed in a cast-in-place concrete or prefabricated construction method, having at least one hollow steel-reinforced prestressed concrete stringer, and passing across the roadway; In a road for land transportation with a road plate (3) manufactured as a separate member protruding from both sides of a prestressed concrete stringer, in particular, for a magnetic levitation railway runway such as Transrapid,
A prestressed concrete stringer is formed as a prestressed concrete abutment tube (2, 2 ') manufactured by centrifugal concrete manufacturing method, with a flat, upper bearing shoulder (4) against the runway plate (3). A characteristic runway. 2. A runway according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing shoulder (4) is formed by reinforcing ribs (6) protruding essentially beyond the cylindrical tube. The runway according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the runway board (3) is a reinforced concrete board. The track according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the track plate (3) is a steel plate structure. The track plate (3) of each track girder is composed of a plurality of short single track plates arranged in the direction of the track, fixed at intervals on the prestressed concrete abutment pipes (2, 2 '). The runway according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that. In the elevated runway structure, the prestressed concrete abutment pipe (2) provided in the center of the runway plate is provided with a support console (10) to be concreted later for mounting on the abutment (1). The runway according to one of claims 1 to 5. 7. Prestressed concrete abutment pipe (2) is embedded with a threaded bush (8) into which a protruding anchor rod (9) is screwed into a bearing console (10). Runway. 8. Runway according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the prestressed concrete abutment pipe (2) has a rough surface at least in the bearing area of the bearing console (10). In the case of a ground runway structure, two parallel prestressed concrete abutment pipes (2 ') connected at a distance from each other stand directly on the foundation floor (15), Item 6. The runway according to one of items 1 to 5. 10. Runway according to claim 9, characterized in that the prestressed concrete abutment tube is provided with a side flat on the side of the upper bearing shoulder (4 '). 10. Runway according to claim 9, characterized in that the prestressed concrete abutment tube (2 ') is basically formed as a rectangular tube with a high length . The prestressed concrete abutment pipe (2 ′) is formed as a rectangular cross section in the support region (14), and is screwed to a steel frame screwed to the foundation floor (15) on the rectangular cross section side. The runway according to one of claims 1 to 11. In order to raise one side of the runway in the curved section, the wedge plate (12) and, in some cases, the distance plate (13) are connected to the support shoulder (4) of the prestressed concrete abutment pipe (2) and the runway plate (3). 13. The runway according to claim 1, wherein the runway is arranged in between. The prestressed concrete abutment (2) is concrete cast on the bearing console (10) in a state of rotating and shifting about its longitudinal axis in order to raise one of the runways in the curved section. The runway according to one of 1 to 13. 13. The prestressed concrete abutment pipe (2 ') is supported on the concrete foundation floor (15) via a wedge intermediate girder (17), according to one of the claims 9-12. Runway. The prestressed concrete abutment pipe (2, 2 ') consists of a thick or densely packed PC steel (20, 21) or both in the lower region opposite the bearing shoulder (4, 4') The runway according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises a reinforcing steel bar. In a centrifugally molded concrete mold for the production of a prestressed concrete abutment pipe for one runway according to claim 1, the disadvantageous action of deflection resulting from uneven stress on the cross-sectional surface is Centrifugal concrete mold characterized in that it is counterbalanced in terms of rotational symmetry and compressive stress by strengthening the ribs formed. A steel plate for determining the external shape of a prestressed concrete abutment pipe (2, 2 ') in a centrifugally formed concrete mold for the production of a prestressed concrete abutment pipe for one runway of claims 1 to 15. ) With support ribs (22) distributed asymmetrically around the rotation axis (25), thereby combined with the asymmetrically distributed PC steel (20, 21), due to the increased proportion of concrete in the reinforcing rib (6) region A runway characterized in that any unbalance that occurs is offset.

Images