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JP3630293B2 - Laser welding method of resin material - Google Patents

Laser welding method of resin material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3630293B2
JP3630293B2 JP28563799A JP28563799A JP3630293B2 JP 3630293 B2 JP3630293 B2 JP 3630293B2 JP 28563799 A JP28563799 A JP 28563799A JP 28563799 A JP28563799 A JP 28563799A JP 3630293 B2 JP3630293 B2 JP 3630293B2
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Prior art keywords
resin material
laser
transmissive
laser light
welding method
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JP2001105499A (en
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秀生 中村
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B29C65/1638—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding focusing the laser beam on the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B29C65/1616—Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2309/08—Glass

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法に関し、詳しくは、重ね合わせた樹脂材の接合面を溶着加熱源としてのレーザ光により加熱溶融させて、両者を一体的に接合する樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
樹脂材同士の接合方法として、従来よりレーザ溶着方法が利用されている。例えば、特開昭６０−２１４９３１号公報には、レーザ光に対して透過性のある透過樹脂材と、該レーザ光に対して透過性のない非透過樹脂材とを重ね合わせた後、該透過樹脂材側からレーザ光を照射することにより、透過樹脂材と非透過樹脂材との接合面を加熱溶融させて両者を一体的に接合するレーザ溶着方法が開示されている。
【０００３】
このレーザ溶着方法では、透過樹脂材内を透過したレーザ光が非透過樹脂材の接合面に到達して吸収され、この接合面に吸収されたレーザ光がエネルギーとして蓄積される。その結果、非透過樹脂材の接合面が加熱溶融されるとともに、この非透過樹脂材の接合面からの熱伝達により透過樹脂材の接合面が加熱溶融される。この状態で、透過樹脂材の接合面及び非透過樹脂材の接合面同士を圧着させれば、両者を一体的に接合することができる。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来のレーザ溶着方法では、透過樹脂材内を透過する際のレーザ光のエネルギーロスが大きければ、非透過樹脂材及び透過樹脂材の接合面における加熱溶融が不十分となり、十分な溶着強度を達成することができないという問題がある。
【０００５】
本発明は上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、透過樹脂材内を透過する際のレーザ光のエネルギーロスを抑えて、十分な溶着強度を達成することのできる樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法を提供することを解決すべき技術課題とするものである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決する本発明の樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法は、加熱源としてのレーザ光に対して透過性のある透過樹脂材と、該レーザ光に対して透過性のない非透過樹脂材とを重ね合わせた後、該透過樹脂材側から該レーザ光を照射することにより、該透過樹脂材と該非透過樹脂材との接合面を加熱溶融させて両者を一体的に接合する樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法において、上記透過樹脂材はガラス繊維を含有するナイロン６であって、該透過樹脂材の板厚が１〜５ｍｍであり、該透過樹脂材内の透過率が２６％以上となるような１．５〜２．５μｍの波長を有するレーザ光を加熱源として用いることを特徴とするものである。
好適な態様において、前記加熱源として半導体レーザ又はＨＦ化学レーザを用いる。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法では、加熱源としてのレーザ光に対して透過性のある透過樹脂材と、該レーザ光に対して透過性のない非透過樹脂材とを重ね合わせ、該透過樹脂材側からレーザ光を照射する。透過樹脂材側から照射されたレーザ光は該透過樹脂材内を透過して非透過樹脂材の接合面に到達し、吸収される。この非透過樹脂材の接合面に吸収されたレーザ光がエネルギーとして蓄積される結果、非透過樹脂材の接合面が加熱溶融されるとともに、この非透過樹脂材の接合面からの熱伝達により透過樹脂材の接合面が加熱溶融される。この状態で、透過樹脂材の接合面及び非透過樹脂材の接合面同士を圧着させれば、両者を一体的に接合することができる。
【０００８】
そして、本発明方法では、ガラス繊維を含有するナイロン６である透過樹脂材の板厚が１〜５ｍｍであり、該透過樹脂材内の透過率が２６％以上となるような１．５〜２．５μｍの波長を有するレーザ光を加熱源として用いる。このため、透過樹脂材側から照射されたレーザ光は該透過樹脂材内を十分に透過し、透過樹脂材内を透過するレーザ光のエネルギーロスが低減される。したがって、透過樹脂材及び非透過樹脂材の接合面を加熱溶融させるのに十分なエネルギーが該接合面に蓄積され、その結果該接合面で十分な加熱溶融が起こり、十分な溶着強度を達成することが可能となる。
【０００９】
上記透過樹脂材としては、熱可塑性を有し、加熱源としてのレーザ光を所定の透過率以上で透過させうるものである、ガラス繊維を含有するナイロン６を用いる。なお、必要に応じて、着色したものを用いてもよい。
【００１０】
上記非透過樹脂材の種類としては、熱可塑性を有し、加熱源としてのレーザ光を透過させずに吸収しうるものであれば特に限定されない。例えば、ナイロン６（ＰＡ６）やナイロン６，６（ＰＡ６６）等のポリアミド（ＰＡ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）やスチレン−アクリロニトリル共重合体等に、カーボンブラック等の所定の着色剤を混入したものを挙げることができる。なお、必要に応じて、ガラス繊維等で強化したものを用いてもよい。
【００１１】
加熱源として用いるレーザ光の種類としては、レーザ光を透過させる透過樹脂材の吸収スペクトルや板厚（透過長）等との関係で、板厚が１〜５ｍｍの透過樹脂材内での透過率が２６％以上となるような１．５〜２．５μｍの波長を有するものが適宜選定される。例えば、ガラス繊維を３０ｗｔ％含有し、板厚が１〜５ｍｍ程度のナイロン６を透過樹脂材として用いた場合は、レーザ光の波長が１．５〜２．５μｍ程度であれば、該透過樹脂材内での透過率が２６％以上となるので、かかる範囲内の波長を有する種々の半導体レーザやＨＦ化学レーザ等を用いることができる。
【００１２】
なお、レーザの出力や加工速度（移動速度）等の照射条件は、透過樹脂材及び非透過樹脂材の種類等に応じて適宜設定可能である。
【００１３】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
【００１４】
（参考例）
ガラス繊維が３０ｗｔ％添加されて強化されたナイロン６からなり、加熱源としてのレーザ光に対して透過性のある板厚３ｍｍの透過樹脂材１と、カーボンブラックが所定量添加されたナイロン６からなり、加熱源としてのレーザ光に対して透過性のない板厚３ｍｍの非透過樹脂材２とを準備した。一方、波長が１．０６μｍのＹＡＧ：Ｎｄ3+レーザ光を発するレーザトーチ３を準備した。
【００１５】
そして、図１に示すように、非透過樹脂材２の上に透過樹脂材１を重ね合わせるとともに、透過樹脂材１及び非透過樹脂材２を図示しないクランプ手段でクランプした。この状態で、レーザトーチ３を透過樹脂材１側から照射して、透過樹脂材１と非透過樹脂材２とをレーザ溶着により一体的に接合した。なお、レーザの出力は４００Ｗ、加工速度は４ｍ／ｍｉｎとした。
【００１６】
上記レーザトーチ３から発せられたレーザ光が透過樹脂材１を透過する際の透過率を測定したところ、４０％であった。また、透過樹脂材１と非透過樹脂材２との溶着強度を測定したところ、５０ＭＰａであった。
【００１７】
なお、透過率は、入射エネルギーをワーク有無で算出することにより測定し、溶着強度は、溶着部を引張り破断することにより測定した。
【００１８】
（レーザの透過率と溶着強度との関係）
上記参考例において、透過樹脂材１に着色剤としての染料を添加し、その添加量を種々変更することにより、透過樹脂材１におけるレーザ光の透過率を種々変更して、透過樹脂材１におけるレーザ光の透過率と溶着強度との関係を調べた。その結果を図２に示す。
【００１９】
図２から明らかなように、透過樹脂材１におけるレーザ光の透過率が２６％以上あれば、溶着強度が４５ＭＰａ以上となり、十分な溶着強度を達成できることがわかる。
【００２０】
（実施例）
（レーザ光の波長と透過率との関係）
ガラス繊維が３０ｗｔ％添加されたナイロン６からなる透過樹脂材１におけるレーザ光の透過率と、レーザ光の波長との関係を、板厚１ｍｍ、３ｍｍ、５ｍｍの各透過樹脂材１について調べた。その結果を図３に示す。
【００２１】
図３から明らかなように、レーザ光の波長を１．５〜２．５μｍ程度とすれば、５ｍｍと厚い透過樹脂材１であってもレーザ光の透過率が２６％以上となった。これに対し、波長が１．０６μｍであるＹＡＧ：Ｎｄ３＋レーザの場合、透過樹脂材１の板厚が５ｍｍ以上に厚くなると、透過率が２４％程度以下になった。
【００２２】
したがって、ガラス繊維が３０ｗｔ％添加されたナイロン６からなり、板厚５ｍｍ程度以下の透過樹脂材１をレーザ溶着する場合は、レーザ光の波長を１．５〜２．５μｍ程度とすることにより、透過樹脂材１におけるレーザ光の透過率を２６％以上として十分な溶着強度を達成できることが確認された。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように本発明の樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法によれば、透過樹脂材内を透過するレーザ光のエネルギーロスが低減されるので、透過樹脂材及び非透過樹脂材の接合面で十分な加熱溶融が起こり、十分な溶着強度を達成することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例に係り、樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法を説明する概略断面図である。
【図２】透過樹脂材におけるレーザ光の透過率と溶着強度との関係を示す線図である。
【図３】レーザ光の波長と透過樹脂材におけるレーザ光の透過率との関係を示す線図である。
【符号の説明】
１…透過樹脂材 ２…非透過樹脂材
３…レーザトーチ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a laser welding method for resin materials, and more particularly to a laser welding method for resin materials in which bonded surfaces of superposed resin materials are heated and melted by a laser beam as a welding heating source, and both are integrally bonded. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a method for joining resin materials, a laser welding method has been conventionally used. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-214931 discloses a method in which a transmissive resin material that is transmissive to laser light and a non-transmissive resin material that is not transmissive to the laser light are overlapped and then transmitted. A laser welding method is disclosed in which laser light is irradiated from the resin material side to heat and melt the bonding surface between the transmissive resin material and the non-transmissive resin material, thereby integrally bonding the two.
[0003]
In this laser welding method, the laser light transmitted through the transmissive resin material reaches the bonding surface of the non-transmissive resin material and is absorbed, and the laser light absorbed by this bonding surface is accumulated as energy. As a result, the bonding surface of the non-permeable resin material is heated and melted, and the bonding surface of the transparent resin material is heated and melted by heat transfer from the bonding surface of the non-permeable resin material. In this state, if the bonding surfaces of the permeable resin material and the bonding surfaces of the non-permeable resin material are pressure-bonded, they can be bonded together.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above conventional laser welding method, if the energy loss of the laser light when passing through the transmissive resin material is large, the heat melting at the joint surface between the non-transmissive resin material and the transmissive resin material becomes insufficient, and sufficient welding is performed. There is a problem that the strength cannot be achieved.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a laser welding method for a resin material that can achieve a sufficient welding strength while suppressing energy loss of laser light when passing through a transmissive resin material. This is a technical problem to be solved.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The laser welding method of the resin material of the present invention that solves the above problems comprises a transparent resin material that is transparent to laser light as a heating source, and a non-transmissive resin material that is not transparent to the laser light. After superposition, the laser beam is irradiated from the transmissive resin material side to heat and melt the joint surface between the transmissive resin material and the non-transmissive resin material, and laser welding of the resin material for integrally joining the two. In the method, the permeable resin material is nylon 6 containing glass fiber, the thickness of the permeable resin material is 1 to 5 mm, and the transmittance in the permeable resin material is 26% or more. A laser beam having a wavelength of 0.5 to 2.5 μm is used as a heating source.
In a preferred embodiment, a semiconductor laser or HF chemical laser is used as the heating source .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the laser welding method of the resin material of the present invention, a transmissive resin material that is transmissive to laser light as a heating source and a non-transmissive resin material that is not transmissive to the laser light are overlapped, and the transmission is performed. Laser light is irradiated from the resin material side. The laser light irradiated from the transmissive resin material side passes through the transmissive resin material, reaches the bonding surface of the non-transmissive resin material, and is absorbed. As a result of the laser light absorbed on the joint surface of the non-transparent resin material being accumulated as energy, the joint surface of the non-transparent resin material is heated and melted and transmitted by heat transfer from the joint surface of the non-transparent resin material. The joint surface of the resin material is heated and melted. In this state, if the bonding surfaces of the permeable resin material and the bonding surfaces of the non-permeable resin material are pressure-bonded, they can be bonded together.
[0008]
And in this invention method, the plate | board thickness of the permeable resin material which is nylon 6 containing glass fiber is 1-5 mm, and the transmittance | permeability in this permeable resin material will be 1.5-2 so that it may become 26% or more. A laser beam having a wavelength of 5 μm is used as a heating source. For this reason, the laser light irradiated from the transparent resin material side is sufficiently transmitted through the transparent resin material, and energy loss of the laser light transmitted through the transparent resin material is reduced. Therefore, energy sufficient to heat and melt the joint surfaces of the permeable resin material and the non-permeable resin material is accumulated in the joint surface, and as a result, sufficient heat melting occurs on the joint surface to achieve sufficient welding strength. It becomes possible.
[0009]
Is the above transparent resin material having a thermoplastic, the laser beam as a heat source in which capable of transmitting at a predetermined transmittance above, using nylon 6 containing glass fibers. If necessary, it may be used those wearing color.
[0010]
The kind of the non-transparent resin material is not particularly limited as long as it has thermoplasticity and can absorb the laser beam as a heating source without transmitting it. For example, a predetermined colorant such as carbon black is added to polyamide (PA) such as nylon 6 (PA6) or nylon 6,6 (PA66), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, or the like. Mention can be given. In addition, you may use what was reinforced with glass fiber etc. as needed.
[0011]
The type of laser light used as a heating source is a transmittance within a transmissive resin material having a plate thickness of 1 to 5 mm in relation to the absorption spectrum or thickness (transmission length) of the transmissive resin material that transmits the laser light. A material having a wavelength of 1.5 to 2.5 μm so that is 26% or more is appropriately selected. For example, when nylon 6 having a glass fiber content of 30 wt% and a plate thickness of about 1 to 5 mm is used as the transmission resin material, the transmission resin can be used if the wavelength of the laser beam is about 1.5 to 2.5 μm. Since the transmittance in the material is 26% or more, various semiconductor lasers and HF chemical lasers having wavelengths within such a range can be used.
[0012]
Irradiation conditions such as laser output and processing speed (moving speed) can be set as appropriate according to the type of transmissive resin material and non-transmissive resin material.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.
[0014]
(Reference example)
Made of nylon 6 reinforced with 30% by weight of glass fiber, reinforced resin material 1 having a thickness of 3 mm that is transmissive to laser light as a heating source, and nylon 6 with a predetermined amount of carbon black added Thus, a non-transparent resin material 2 having a plate thickness of 3 mm and not transparent to laser light as a heating source was prepared. On the other hand, a laser torch 3 emitting YAG: Nd 3+ laser light having a wavelength of 1.06 μm was prepared.
[0015]
Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the permeable resin material 1 was superposed on the non-permeable resin material 2, and the permeable resin material 1 and the non-permeable resin material 2 were clamped by a clamping means (not shown). In this state, the laser torch 3 was irradiated from the transmissive resin material 1 side, and the transmissive resin material 1 and the non-transmissive resin material 2 were integrally joined by laser welding. The laser output was 400 W and the processing speed was 4 m / min.
[0016]
The transmittance when the laser light emitted from the laser torch 3 was transmitted through the transmissive resin material 1 was 40%. Moreover, it was 50 Mpa when the welding strength of the permeable resin material 1 and the non-permeable resin material 2 was measured.
[0017]
The transmittance was measured by calculating the incident energy based on the presence or absence of a workpiece, and the welding strength was measured by pulling and breaking the welded portion.
[0018]
(Relationship between laser transmittance and welding strength)
In the above reference example, by adding a dye as a colorant to the transmissive resin material 1 and changing the addition amount in various ways, the transmittance of the laser light in the transmissive resin material 1 is changed variously. The relationship between laser beam transmittance and welding strength was investigated. The result is shown in FIG.
[0019]
As can be seen from FIG. 2, if the transmittance of the laser beam in the transmissive resin material 1 is 26% or more, the welding strength is 45 MPa or more, and a sufficient welding strength can be achieved.
[0020]
(Example)
(Relationship between laser beam wavelength and transmittance)
The relationship between the transmittance of the laser beam and the wavelength of the laser beam in the transmissive resin material 1 made of nylon 6 to which 30 wt% of glass fiber was added was examined for each transmissive resin material 1 having a plate thickness of 1 mm, 3 mm, and 5 mm. The result is shown in FIG.
[0021]
As apparent from FIG. 3, when the wavelength of the laser beam is about 1.5 to 2.5 μm, the transmittance of the laser beam is 26% or more even with the transparent resin material 1 as thick as 5 mm. On the other hand, in the case of a YAG: Nd 3+ laser having a wavelength of 1.06 μm, when the plate thickness of the transmissive resin material 1 is increased to 5 mm or more, the transmittance is about 24% or less.
[0022]
Therefore, when laser welding the transparent resin material 1 made of nylon 6 to which glass fiber is added at 30 wt% and having a plate thickness of about 5 mm or less, by setting the wavelength of the laser light to about 1.5 to 2.5 μm, It was confirmed that a sufficient welding strength can be achieved by setting the transmittance of the laser light in the transmissive resin material 1 to 26% or more.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the laser welding method of the resin material of the present invention, the energy loss of the laser light transmitted through the transmissive resin material is reduced, so that the joining surface of the transmissive resin material and the non-transmissive resin material is sufficient. Thus, it becomes possible to achieve sufficient welding strength.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a laser welding method of a resin material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between laser beam transmittance and welding strength in a transmissive resin material.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the wavelength of laser light and the transmittance of laser light in a transmissive resin material.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Transparent resin material 2 ... Non-permeable resin material 3 ... Laser torch

Claims (2)

加熱源としてのレーザ光に対して透過性のある透過樹脂材と、該レーザ光に対して透過性のない非透過樹脂材とを重ね合わせた後、該透過樹脂材側から該レーザ光を照射することにより、該透過樹脂材と該非透過樹脂材との接合面を加熱溶融させて両者を一体的に接合する樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法において、
上記透過樹脂材はガラス繊維を含有するナイロン６であって、該透過樹脂材の板厚が１〜５ｍｍであり、該透過樹脂材内の透過率が２６％以上となるような１．５〜２．５μｍの波長を有するレーザ光を加熱源として用いることを特徴とする樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法。After superimposing a transparent resin material that is transparent to laser light as a heating source and a non-transmissive resin material that is not transparent to the laser light, the laser light is irradiated from the transparent resin material side. In the laser welding method of the resin material that heats and melts the joint surface between the transmissive resin material and the non-permeable resin material and integrally bonds the two,
The permeable resin material is nylon 6 containing glass fiber, and the thickness of the permeable resin material is 1 to 5 mm, and the transmittance in the permeable resin material is 1.5 to 1.5% or more. A laser welding method for a resin material, wherein a laser beam having a wavelength of 2.5 μm is used as a heating source. 前記加熱源として半導体レーザ又はＨＦ化学レーザを用いることを特徴とする請求項１記載の樹脂材のレーザ溶着方法。2. The resin material laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein a semiconductor laser or an HF chemical laser is used as the heating source.
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