JP3680709B2 - Manufacturing method of polarizing film - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of polarizing film Download PDFInfo
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- JP3680709B2 JP3680709B2 JP2000207961A JP2000207961A JP3680709B2 JP 3680709 B2 JP3680709 B2 JP 3680709B2 JP 2000207961 A JP2000207961 A JP 2000207961A JP 2000207961 A JP2000207961 A JP 2000207961A JP 3680709 B2 JP3680709 B2 JP 3680709B2
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- aqueous solution
- film
- iodine
- boric acid
- containing aqueous
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高湿熱下で高い耐久性能を示すヨウ素系偏光フィルムの製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
現在、偏光フィルムとしては、ポリビニルアルコール(以下、PVAと称す)にヨウ素を吸着配向せしめたヨウ素系偏光フィルム及び、PVAに二色性染料を吸着配向せしめた染料系偏光フィルムが、一般に知られている。これらの偏光フィルムは、通常、その少なくとも片面に保護膜を貼合した偏光板として用いられる。
【0003】
これら偏光フィルムのうちヨウ素系偏光フィルムは、通常、一軸延伸及びヨウ素の吸着配向が施されたPVAフィルムを、ほう酸含有水溶液中で浸漬処理して製造されるが、染料系偏光フィルムに比べて、高透過率及び高偏光度、すなわち高いコントラストが得られるという特徴から、広く液晶表示装置の部材として使用されている。
【0004】
しかし、近年、液晶表示装置の利用分野の拡大と周辺技術の進歩により、偏光フィルムに対する要求も一段と厳しくなってきている。例えば、屋外や自動車内で使用する液晶表示装置用の偏光フィルムには、高湿熱下で光学性能の劣化の少ないものが要求されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで本発明者らは、かかる問題を解決するために鋭意研究を行った結果、一軸延伸及びヨウ素の吸着配向処理が施されたPVAフィルムをほう酸含有水溶液中で浸漬処理するに際し、特定のpHのほう酸含有水溶液中でこの浸漬処理を行うことによって、高湿熱下で高い耐久性能を示すヨウ素系偏光フィルムが得られることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち本発明は、一軸延伸及びヨウ素の吸着配向処理が施されたPVAフィルムをほう酸含有水溶液中で浸漬処理してヨウ素系偏光フィルムを製造する方法において、そのほう酸含有水溶液のpHを4.5以下にして上記PVAフィルムを浸漬処理する方法を提供するものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。PVAフィルムとしては、重合度1,000〜10,000程度、好ましくは1,500〜5,000のPVAを製膜したものが用いられる。PVAは、ポリ酢酸ビニルのケン化によって得られ、そのケン化度は、例えば85〜100モル%程度であり、好ましくは98〜100モル%である。PVAをフィルムに製膜する方法は特に限定されず、通常、公知の方法を使用することができる。PVAフィルムの膜厚は特に限定されないが、例えば、50〜150μm 程度である。
【0008】
PVAフィルムに一軸延伸及びヨウ素の吸着配向を施すにあたっては、通常行われる方法が適用できる。例えば、未延伸のPVAフィルムを水中にて一軸に延伸した後、ヨウ素及びヨウ化カリウムを含有する水溶液に浸漬する方法、未延伸のPVAフィルムをヨウ素及びヨウ化カリウムを含有する水溶液に浸漬後、若しくは浸漬中に一軸に延伸する方法、一軸に延伸されたPVAフィルムをヨウ素及びヨウ化カリウムを含有する水溶液に浸漬する方法などを挙げることができる。一軸延伸は、周速の異なるロール間で一軸に延伸する方法で行ってもよいし、熱ロールを用いて一軸に延伸する方法により行ってもよい。また、大気中で延伸を行う乾式延伸であってもよいし、水溶液や溶剤で膨潤させた状態で延伸を行う湿式延伸であってもよい。延伸倍率は、通常4〜8倍程度である。
【0009】
ヨウ素の吸着、すなわちヨウ素染色に用いられるヨウ素及びヨウ化カリウムを含有する水溶液は、例えば、水:ヨウ素:ヨウ化カリウムの重量比で、100:(0.01〜0.5):(0.5〜10)程度の組成であるのが好ましい。また、ヨウ素染色の際の水溶液の温度は、例えば、20〜50℃程度である。
【0010】
一軸延伸及びヨウ素の吸着配向処理が施されたPVAフィルムは、ほう酸含有水溶液中で浸漬処理されるが、この処理には、例えば、一軸延伸及びヨウ素の吸着配向処理が施されたPVAフィルムを、ほう酸とヨウ化カリウムの両者を含有する水溶液中に浸漬する方法が採用される。この水溶液の組成は、水:ほう酸:ヨウ化カリウムの重量比で、100:(2〜15):(2〜20)程度、好ましくは、100:(5〜12):(5〜15)程度である。
【0011】
本発明においては、pHが4.5以下のほう酸含有水溶液を用いて、浸漬処理が行われる。ほう酸含有水溶液の温度は、例えば50℃以上であり、好ましくは60℃以上、また85℃以下である。ほう酸含有水溶液での処理時間は特に限定されないが、例えば100〜1,200秒程度、好ましくは150〜600秒、より好ましくは200〜500秒である。
【0012】
ほう酸含有水溶液のpHを調節する手法としては、例えば、硫酸、塩酸、酢酸などの一般的な酸を水溶液に添加すればよいが、工程中の液温が高いことを考慮すると、気化しにくい硫酸を使用するのが好ましい。なお、一旦ほう酸処理に使用されたほう酸含有水溶液を、そのpHを4.5以下に保ちながら再使用するのも有効である。
【0013】
ほう酸含有水溶液で処理されたPVAフィルムは、通常の後工程、例えば、水洗、乾燥等の工程を経て、偏光フィルムとなる。
【0014】
こうして得られる偏光フィルムは、通常、その少なくとも片面に保護膜を貼合し、偏光板として用いられる。このために用いる保護膜としては、例えば、セルロースアセテート系フィルム、アクリル系フィルム、ポリエステル系フィルム、ポリオレフィン系フィルム、ポリカーボネート系フィルム、ポリアリレート系フィルム、ポリエーテルサルホン系フィルムなどが挙げられる。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を示して本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。なお、偏光フィルムの評価は以下のようにして行った。
【0016】
▲1▼ 偏光フィルムの両面に保護膜を貼合して得た2枚の偏光板を、その吸収軸方向が同一となるように重ねた場合の透過率を平行位透過率Tp 、2枚の偏光板をその吸収軸が直交するように重ねた場合の透過率を直交位透過率Tc とした。
【0017】
▲2▼ 透過率Tは、400〜700nmの波長領域で、所定波長間隔dλ(ここでは10nm)おきに分光透過率τλを求め、下式(I)により算出した。
【0018】
【0019】
式中、Pλは標準光(C光源)の分光分布を表し、yλは2度視野等色関数を表す。
【0020】
▲3▼ 分光透過率τλは、分光光度計〔(株)島津製作所製の“UV-2200”〕を用いて測定した。
【0021】
▲4▼ 偏光度Py は、平行位透過率Tp 及び直交位透過率Tc から、下式(II)により求めた。
【0022】
Py={(Tp−Tc)/(Tp+Tc)}1/2×100 (II)
【0023】
▲5▼ 高湿熱条件に偏光板を放置し、下式(III) で定義する放置前と放置後の偏光度変化をΔPy として、光学耐久性能の指標とした。ΔPy が小さいほど耐久性能に優れることを意味する。
【0024】
ΔPy=(放置前のPy)−(放置後のPy) (III)
【0025】
▲6▼ ほう酸含有水溶液のpHは、(株)横河電機製作所製のpHメーター“PH81”を用いて測定した。
【0026】
実施例1
厚さ75μm 、重合度2,400、ケン化度99.9%以上のPVAフィルムに延伸倍率が5倍となるよう乾式一軸延伸を施し、次いで緊張状態に保ったまま、ヨウ素:ヨウ化カリウム:水=0.05:5:100(重量比)の水溶液に60秒間浸漬した。次に、ヨウ化カリウム:ほう酸:水=6:7.5:100(重量比)でpHが3.4のほう酸含有水溶液に73℃で300秒間浸漬した。さらに15℃の純水で10秒間水洗した後、50℃で乾燥して、ヨウ素系偏光フィルムを得た。
【0027】
この偏光フィルムの両面にPVA系接着剤を塗布し、さらに、トリアセチルセルロース製で表面がケン化処理された厚さ80μm の保護フィルム〔富士写真フィルム(株)製の“フジタック UV80”〕を貼合し、50℃で5分間乾燥して、偏光板を得た。得られた偏光板の片面に粘着剤を介してガラス板を貼合し、温度70℃、相対湿度90%の高湿熱雰囲気下に10日間放置して、放置前後の偏光板の偏光度を測定したところ、前記式(III) による偏光度変化ΔPyは1.3であった。
【0028】
実施例2
ほう酸含有水溶液のpHを2.1とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で偏光板を作製した。この偏光板を実施例1と同様の方法でガラス板に貼合した後、温度70℃、相対湿度90%の高湿熱雰囲気下に10日間放置して、放置前後の偏光板の偏光度を測定したところ、前記式(III) による偏光度変化ΔPyは2.0であった。
【0029】
比較例1
ほう酸含有水溶液のpHを5.0とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で偏光板を作製した。この偏光板を実施例1と同様の方法でガラス板に貼合した後、温度70℃、相対湿度90%の高湿熱雰囲気下に10日間放置して、放置前後の偏光板の偏光度を測定したところ、前記式(III) による偏光度変化ΔPyは13.9であった。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、従来のヨウ素系偏光フィルムに比べて、高湿熱下で高い耐久性能を示すヨウ素系偏光フィルムを製造することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing an iodine-based polarizing film that exhibits high durability under high humidity heat.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, as polarizing films, iodine-based polarizing films in which iodine is adsorbed and oriented on polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA) and dye-based polarizing films in which dichroic dyes are adsorbed and oriented on PVA are generally known. Yes. These polarizing films are usually used as polarizing plates having a protective film bonded to at least one surface thereof.
[0003]
Among these polarizing films, iodine-based polarizing films are usually produced by immersing a PVA film subjected to uniaxial stretching and iodine adsorption orientation in a boric acid-containing aqueous solution, but compared to dye-based polarizing films, Widely used as a member of a liquid crystal display device because of its high transmittance and high degree of polarization, that is, high contrast.
[0004]
However, in recent years, the demand for polarizing films has become more severe due to the expansion of the application field of liquid crystal display devices and the advancement of peripheral technologies. For example, a polarizing film for a liquid crystal display device used outdoors or in an automobile is required to have a low optical performance deterioration under high humidity heat.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, the present inventors have determined that when a PVA film that has been subjected to uniaxial stretching and iodine adsorption alignment treatment is immersed in a boric acid-containing aqueous solution, a specific pH is obtained. By performing this immersion treatment in a boric acid-containing aqueous solution, it was found that an iodine-based polarizing film exhibiting high durability performance under high heat and humidity can be obtained, and the present invention has been achieved.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention relates to a method for producing an iodine-based polarizing film by immersing a PVA film that has been subjected to uniaxial stretching and iodine adsorption orientation treatment in a boric acid-containing aqueous solution, and the pH of the boric acid-containing aqueous solution is 4.5 or less. Thus, a method for immersing the PVA film is provided.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. As the PVA film, a film obtained by forming PVA having a polymerization degree of about 1,000 to 10,000, preferably 1,500 to 5,000 is used. PVA is obtained by saponification of polyvinyl acetate, and the degree of saponification is, for example, about 85 to 100 mol%, preferably 98 to 100 mol%. The method for forming PVA into a film is not particularly limited, and generally known methods can be used. Although the film thickness of a PVA film is not specifically limited, For example, it is about 50-150 micrometers.
[0008]
In performing uniaxial stretching and iodine adsorption orientation on the PVA film, a commonly performed method can be applied. For example, after uniaxially stretching an unstretched PVA film in water, a method of immersing in an aqueous solution containing iodine and potassium iodide, after immersing an unstretched PVA film in an aqueous solution containing iodine and potassium iodide, Or the method of extending | stretching uniaxially during immersion, the method of immersing the PVA film extended | stretched uniaxially in the aqueous solution containing an iodine and potassium iodide, etc. can be mentioned. Uniaxial stretching may be performed by a method of stretching uniaxially between rolls having different peripheral speeds, or by a method of stretching uniaxially using a hot roll. Moreover, the dry-type extending | stretching which extends | stretches in air | atmosphere may be sufficient, and the wet extending | stretching which extends | stretches in the state swollen with the aqueous solution and the solvent may be sufficient. The draw ratio is usually about 4 to 8 times.
[0009]
The aqueous solution containing iodine and potassium iodide used for iodine adsorption, i.e., iodine staining, is, for example, 100: (0.01-0.5) :( 0. The composition is preferably about 5 to 10). Moreover, the temperature of the aqueous solution in the case of iodine dyeing is about 20-50 degreeC, for example.
[0010]
The PVA film that has been subjected to uniaxial stretching and iodine adsorption orientation treatment is immersed in a boric acid-containing aqueous solution. For this treatment, for example, a PVA film that has been subjected to uniaxial stretching and iodine adsorption orientation treatment is used. A method of immersing in an aqueous solution containing both boric acid and potassium iodide is employed. The composition of this aqueous solution is about 100: (2-15) :( 2-20), preferably about 100: (5-12) :( 5-15), by weight ratio of water: boric acid: potassium iodide. It is.
[0011]
In the present invention, the immersion treatment is performed using a boric acid-containing aqueous solution having a pH of 4.5 or less. The temperature of the boric acid-containing aqueous solution is, for example, 50 ° C. or higher, preferably 60 ° C. or higher, and 85 ° C. or lower. The treatment time in the boric acid-containing aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but is, for example, about 100 to 1,200 seconds, preferably 150 to 600 seconds, and more preferably 200 to 500 seconds.
[0012]
As a method for adjusting the pH of the boric acid-containing aqueous solution, for example, a general acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and acetic acid may be added to the aqueous solution. However, in view of the high liquid temperature in the process, sulfuric acid that is difficult to vaporize is used. Is preferably used. It is also effective to reuse the boric acid-containing aqueous solution once used for boric acid treatment while maintaining the pH at 4.5 or lower.
[0013]
The PVA film treated with the boric acid-containing aqueous solution becomes a polarizing film through normal post-processes such as water washing and drying.
[0014]
The polarizing film thus obtained is usually used as a polarizing plate by attaching a protective film on at least one surface thereof. Examples of the protective film used for this purpose include a cellulose acetate film, an acrylic film, a polyester film, a polyolefin film, a polycarbonate film, a polyarylate film, and a polyethersulfone film.
[0015]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited by these Examples. In addition, evaluation of the polarizing film was performed as follows.
[0016]
(1) The transmittance when two polarizing plates obtained by laminating a protective film on both sides of a polarizing film are stacked so that the absorption axis directions thereof are the same is the parallel transmittance Tp, The transmittance when the polarizing plates were stacked so that their absorption axes were orthogonal to each other was defined as orthogonal transmittance Tc.
[0017]
{Circle around (2)} The transmittance T was calculated by the following equation (I) by obtaining the spectral transmittance τλ every predetermined wavelength interval dλ (here, 10 nm) in the wavelength region of 400 to 700 nm.
[0018]
[0019]
In the equation, Pλ represents a spectral distribution of standard light (C light source), and yλ represents a 2 ° visual field color matching function.
[0020]
(3) Spectral transmittance τλ was measured using a spectrophotometer [“UV-2200” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation].
[0021]
(4) The degree of polarization Py was obtained from the parallel transmission Tp and the orthogonal transmission Tc by the following formula (II).
[0022]
Py = {(Tp−Tc) / (Tp + Tc)} 1/2 × 100 (II)
[0023]
(5) The polarizing plate was allowed to stand under high heat and humidity conditions, and the change in the degree of polarization before and after being defined as defined by the following formula (III) was used as an index of optical durability performance as ΔPy. It means that it is excellent in durability performance, so that (DELTA) Py is small.
[0024]
ΔPy = (Py before being left) − (Py after being left) (III)
[0025]
(6) The pH of the boric acid-containing aqueous solution was measured using a pH meter “PH81” manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corporation.
[0026]
Example 1
A PVA film having a thickness of 75 μm, a degree of polymerization of 2,400, and a degree of saponification of 99.9% or more was subjected to dry uniaxial stretching so that the stretching ratio was 5 times, and then kept in a tension state while iodine: potassium iodide: It was immersed in an aqueous solution of water = 0.05: 5: 100 (weight ratio) for 60 seconds. Next, it was immersed in a boric acid-containing aqueous solution having potassium iodide: boric acid: water = 6: 7.5: 100 (weight ratio) and a pH of 3.4 at 73 ° C. for 300 seconds. Further, after washing with pure water at 15 ° C. for 10 seconds, it was dried at 50 ° C. to obtain an iodine polarizing film.
[0027]
A PVA adhesive was applied to both sides of this polarizing film, and a protective film of 80 μm thickness (“Fujitac UV80” manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) made of triacetylcellulose and having a saponified surface was applied. And dried at 50 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a polarizing plate. A glass plate is bonded to one side of the obtained polarizing plate via an adhesive, and the polarizing plate is measured before and after being left for 10 days in a high-humidity atmosphere with a temperature of 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90%. As a result, the degree of polarization change ΔPy according to the formula (III) was 1.3.
[0028]
Example 2
A polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pH of the boric acid-containing aqueous solution was 2.1. This polarizing plate was bonded to a glass plate in the same manner as in Example 1, and then left for 10 days in a high-humidity atmosphere with a temperature of 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90%, and the degree of polarization of the polarizing plate before and after being left was measured. As a result, the change in polarization degree ΔPy according to the formula (III) was 2.0.
[0029]
Comparative Example 1
A polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pH of the boric acid-containing aqueous solution was set to 5.0. After pasting this polarizing plate on a glass plate in the same manner as in Example 1, the polarizing plate was measured before and after being left standing for 10 days in a high-humidity heat atmosphere at a temperature of 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90%. As a result, the change in polarization degree ΔPy according to the formula (III) was 13.9.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to this invention, compared with the conventional iodine type polarizing film, the iodine type polarizing film which shows high durability performance under high-humidity heat can be manufactured.
Claims (2)
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JP2000207961A JP3680709B2 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-07-10 | Manufacturing method of polarizing film |
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JP4281261B2 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2009-06-17 | 住友化学株式会社 | Iodine polarizing plate and method for producing the same |
JP4394431B2 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2010-01-06 | 住友化学株式会社 | Manufacturing method of polarizing film and manufacturing method of polarizing plate |
JP4919403B2 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2012-04-18 | 日本化薬株式会社 | High durability polarizing plate |
US9040129B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2015-05-26 | Fujifilm Corporation | Protective film of polarizer, polarizer and method for producing it, and liquid crystal display device |
JP5420519B2 (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2014-02-19 | 日東電工株式会社 | Manufacturing method of polarizer, polarizer, polarizing plate, optical film, and image display device |
TWI553046B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-10-11 | 住華科技股份有限公司 | Method of manufacturing polarizer film |
CN110494780A (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2019-11-22 | 日本化药株式会社 | Polarization element and the polarizer and liquid crystal display device for using the polarization element |
JP7340325B2 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2023-09-07 | 住友化学株式会社 | Polarizing film manufacturing method and polarizing film manufacturing device |
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