JP3640654B2 - block - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a block laid on, for example, a wall surface of a building, a sidewalk, or a plaza.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a block laid on a sidewalk, a plaza or the like, a block (hereinafter referred to as a “general-purpose block”) in which the front shape of the surface portion constituting the design surface after laying is rectangular has been mainly used. It was. However, since this general-purpose block has a line-symmetric shape in which the surface part is composed of straight lines of the same length on opposite sides, the joint pattern formed when laying is also linear and monotonous, In particular, there was a problem that it was not interesting. Therefore, in recent years, a block (hereinafter referred to as “deformed block”) in which the front surface shape of the surface portion is asymmetrical like natural stone has been proposed in place of such a general-purpose block.
[0003]
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that an artificial stone having a predetermined regularity with respect to each side of the surface portion although the front shape of the surface portion looks like a shape obtained by crushing natural stone. A deformation block consisting of is described. That is, this deformed block has a surface portion formed in a deformed substantially hexagonal shape, and two of the sides (six sides) on the surface portion are adjacent to each other with a corner having an inner angle of 120 degrees. The sides are formed so that the line shape of one side is a negative shape with respect to the line shape of the other side. Then, when laying a block, the side surface portion of the one side of the block and the side surface portion of the other side of the adjacent block are juxtaposed so as to face each other, thereby obtaining a laying pattern with a variety of joint patterns. It was like that.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
WO 01/44578 pamphlet [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when laying such a deformed block, unlike in the case of a rectangular general-purpose block, joint formation of another deformed block adjacent to any one of the side surfaces of the deformed block to be laid is performed. It was very difficult to determine whether the front side faced the opposite side. For this reason, when laying a block, it is often the case that a deformed block to be laid is temporarily placed with respect to another adjacent deformed block. Was reduced. In some cases, adjacent blocks may be laid with the wrong faces facing each other. Therefore, when the work is proceeded without noticing such a mistake in laying, the block has to be laid again, which causes a significant reduction in work efficiency.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a laying pattern having a joint design excellent in design while being able to be efficiently laid. To provide a block.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 relating to the block is a non-axisymmetric shape in which the front surface of the surface portion constituting the design surface is formed by partitioning a plurality of sides of various linear shapes. In the block having a block main body and each side in the surface portion is formed so that two specific sides have a negative shape with respect to the line shape of one side of the other side, Of each side surface portion of the block body, a first side surface portion individually corresponding to the one side is provided with a first index, and a second side surface portion continuously corresponding to the other side. The gist is that the second index indicating that the second side surface portion becomes an opposing surface of the first side surface portion in another block laid adjacently at the time of block laying is attached. did.
[0008]
Further, the invention according to claim 2 is summarized in that, in the block according to claim 1, the first index and the second index are in the same index form.
[0009]
Similarly, the invention according to claim 3 is the block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first index and the second index applied to both side surfaces corresponding to the specific two sides. The first index and the second index applied to both side surfaces corresponding to the other two specific sides are different from each other in the form of an index.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied as a block laid on a sidewalk, a plaza or the like will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0011]
As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the block 11 in this embodiment has the block main body 12 which consists of concrete. In addition, the block body 12 has a surface portion 13 that forms a design surface after laying, a bottom surface portion 14 that faces the ground, and a side surface that faces the block body 12 and curb portion of another block 11 that is laid next to the block body 12. Parts 15 to 20 are provided. The front shape of the surface portion 13 is a non-axisymmetric polygonal shape, and is formed in a deformed substantially hexagonal shape having a plurality (six in this embodiment) of corner portions 21 to 26 as apexes. On the surface portion 13, a surface layer 13a covering substantially the entire surface portion 13 is formed with a predetermined uneven surface.
[0012]
In addition, among a plurality of (six) sides 27 to 32 that form the surface portion 13 from the space, a predetermined corner portion (hereinafter also referred to as “common vertex”) 21 having an inner angle θ of 120 degrees. , 23 and 25 are formed such that the two adjacent sides are in a negative shape with respect to the line shape of one side. That is, the two sides of the side 27 and the side 28, the side 29 and the side 30, and the side 31 and the side 32 are respectively set to one side 27, 29, and 31 by 120 degrees around the respective common vertices 21, 23, and 25. When rotated in the direction of the other side 28, 30, 32, the two sides are formed in a linear shape.
[0013]
Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, the convex parts 33 and 34 as a parameter | index are provided in each side part 15-20 connected corresponding to each edge | side 27-32 of the surface part 13 in the said block main body 12 individually. It has been. That is, a convex portion 33 serving as a first index is formed on the first side surfaces 15, 17, and 19 that correspond to the one side 27, 29, and 31 individually, and the other side 28, 30, Convex portions 34 serving as a second index are formed on the second side surface portions 16, 18, and 20 that are consecutively associated with 32.
[0014]
In the case of the present embodiment, three convex portions 33 are formed as the first index on the first side surface portion 15 that is continuous with the side 27, and three convex portions 34 are formed on the second side surface portion 16 that is continuous with the side 28. It is formed as a second indicator. In addition, four convex portions 33 are formed as first indicators on the first side surface portion 17 connected to the side 29, and four convex portions 34 are provided as second indicators on the second side surface portion 18 continuous to the side 30. It is formed as. In addition, two convex portions 33 are formed as the first index on the first side surface portion 19 connected to the side 31, and two convex portions 34 are formed on the second side surface portion 20 continuous to the side 32 as the second index. It is formed as.
[0015]
That is, the convex portion 33 formed on the first side surface portions 15, 17 and 19 and serving as the first index, and the convex portion 34 formed on the second side surface portions 16, 18 and 20 and serving as the second index. Are in the same index form (in this case, the same index form is formed). Moreover, the convex parts 33 and 34 formed in the both side surface parts (side surface parts 15 and 16) to which two specific sides (for example, sides 27 and 28) correspond, and other specific two sides (for example, side 29) , 30 and sides 31 and 32) form convex portions 33 and 34 formed on both side surface portions (side surface portions 15 and 16) corresponding to mutually different index forms.
[0016]
Each of the convex portions 33 and 34 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape protruding from the corresponding side surface portions 15 to 20 so as to have a predetermined protruding height (2.5 mm in this embodiment). And the convex part 33 used as the 1st parameter | index and the convex part 34 used as the 2nd parameter | index are the 1st in both the blocks 11 and 11 which adjoin each side surface part 15-20 at the time of block laying. The side surfaces 15, 17, 19 and the second side surfaces 16, 18, 20 are formed so as not to contact each other when they are arranged to face each other. In addition, each of the convex portions 33 and 34 is formed from a position separated by a predetermined distance (10 mm in the present embodiment) from the upper end of the corresponding side surface portions 15 to 20 to the bottom surface portion 14.
[0017]
Each of the convex portions 33 and 34 formed as described above functions as an index (a mark) for determining a mutually opposing surface (any one side surface) with another adjacent block 11 when the block 11 is laid. Fulfill. Furthermore, it also has a function of securing joints for preventing corner chipping of the block main body 12 due to competition with other adjacent blocks 11 and a function of securing a space for filling joint materials (joint sand in this embodiment). ing. In addition, the said joint material has the role which restrains each block 11, strengthens the meshing between each block 11, and distributes a load.
[0018]
Next, an operation process when laying the block 11 in the present embodiment configured in this way on a sidewalk, a plaza or the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 (YY ′ cross-sectional view of FIG. 4). The laying of the block 11 is performed by leveling, laying, fixing, and filling of joint sand. Each operation will be described below. Note that the block 11 in FIG. 4 is displayed with the surface layer 13a omitted.
[0019]
First, in the leveling work, the area for paving the block 11 is dug down by a predetermined depth, and the ground 35 is smoothed. At this time, the depth to be dug is determined according to the strength of the ground 35. That is, when the strength of the ground 35 is weak, it is reinforced by digging deeper than when the strength is sufficiently strong and laying a reinforcing material 36 such as crushed stone. A sand cushion 37 is spread over the entire surface of the block laying region on the ground 35 having sufficient strength or the reinforcing surface reinforced by the reinforcing material 36. In addition, the spread amount (height) of the sand cushion 37 is adjusted so that the surface layer 13a of the block 11 has a paved finish height.
[0020]
Next, in the laying operation, the blocks 11 are laid sequentially from the end side of the block laying area. Now, when three blocks 11 (blocks 11A, 11B, and 11C) are already laid as shown in FIG. 4, when trying to spread a fourth block 11 (block 11D) newly, The fourth block 11D is spread as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 4 in the following procedure.
[0021]
First, among the side surfaces 15 to 20 of the blocks 11A, 11B, and 11C that have already been spread, the side surface portion before the joint formation that faces the side surface portion of the fourth block 11D (the side surface portion in the block 11A) 18, the number of the convex portions 33 and 34 on the side surface portion 17 in the block 11B and the side surface portion 20) in the block 11C is counted. Then, the side surface portion on which the same number of convex portions 33 and 34 are formed is identified from among the side surface portions 15 to 20 of the fourth block 11D. Then, with respect to the side surface portions 15 to 20 of the fourth block 11D, the same number of convex portions 33 and 34 as the side surface portion 18 of the block 11A, the side surface portion 17 of the block 11B, and the side surface portion 20 of the block 11C. It is identified that there are two side portions each having a shape formed thereon.
[0022]
That is, the side surface portion 17 and the side surface portion 18 are identified as side surface portions in which the same number of convex portions 33 and 34 as the side surface portion 18 of the block 11A are formed in the block 11D. Further, in the block 11D, the side surface portion 17 and the side surface portion 18 are identified as side surface portions on which the same number of convex portions 33 and 34 as the side surface portion 17 of the block 11B are formed. Further, in the block 11D, the side surface portion 19 and the side surface portion 20 are identified as side surface portions on which the same number of convex portions 33 and 34 as the side surface portion 20 of the block 11C are formed.
[0023]
Therefore, next, among the side surface portions 17 to 20 identified in the block 11D, any one of the side surface portions 18 is the side surface portion 18 of the block 11A, the side surface portion 17 of the block 11B, and the side surface portion 20 of the block 11C. It is discriminated whether it is a side surface portion to be arranged oppositely. At that time, the sides 29 to 32 individually corresponding to the side surfaces 17 to 20 in the block 11D and the sides 29 and 30 individually corresponding to the side surfaces 18 and the like in the block 11A and the like. , 32 is used as a discrimination criterion.
[0024]
Therefore, based on such a determination criterion, the side surface portion 17 of the block 11D is the opposing surface to the side surface portion 18 of the block 11A, the side surface portion 18 of the block 11D is the opposing surface to the side surface portion 17 of the block 11B, and It is visually determined that the side surface portion 19 of the block 11D should be the opposing surface of the side surface portion 20 of the block 11C. Therefore, according to the determination result, the block 11D is set in the laying direction indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 4, and the convex portions 33 and 34 projecting from the side surface portions 17 to 19 are respectively opposed to the blocks 11A to 11C. When it is lowered while being brought into contact with the side surface portions 18, 17, 20, the block 11 </ b> D is newly installed on the sand cushion 37.
[0025]
When all the blocks 11 have been laid, the surface layer 13a of the block 11 is compacted downward by a compactor or the like (not shown), whereby the fixing operation is performed. By the compaction of the block 11, the spread sand cushion 37 is also compacted, and at the same time, the block 11 sinks into the sand cushion 37. Furthermore, a part of the sand cushion 37 also enters the joint 38 secured by the side surface portions 15 to 20 and the convex portions 33 and 34 protruding from the side surface portions 15 to 20, and the block 11 is further increased. It is firmly fixed.
[0026]
Then, joint sand filling work is performed after the fixing work. The joint sand is crushed on the block 11 once laid, and the surface of the block 11 is swept with a hoe or the like to fill the joint 38. For the joint sand, dry sand having a small particle size (usually having a particle size of about 1 mm to 1.3 mm) is used so that the joint 38 can be easily filled.
[0027]
According to the block of the said embodiment, the following effects can be acquired.
(1) In the above embodiment, both blocks determine which side surface is the opposite surface of the side surface before forming joints in other adjacent blocks 11 (11A to 11C) when the block 11 (11D) is laid. It was made possible to discriminate based on the comparison of the formation modes of the convex portions (indexes) 33 and 34 formed on each of the 11 side surface portions 15 to 20. Therefore, when laying the block 11, just look at the convex portions 33 and 34 on the side surface portions 15 to 20 of the block 11D to be newly laid and the already laid blocks 11A to 11C and compare them. In addition, it is possible to easily determine the side surfaces to be opposed to each other, and to efficiently perform the laying work.
[0028]
(2) In the above embodiment, the protrusions formed on the first side surface portions 15, 17, 19 and the second side surface portions 16, 18, 20 that are opposed to each other between the adjacent blocks 11 when the blocks are laid. By forming the number of the portions 33 and 34 to be the same, the indicator forms of the opposing surfaces are made to be the same. Therefore, it is possible to reliably determine the facing surfaces between the adjacent blocks 11 by objective criteria (comparison of the number of convex portions).
[0029]
(3) In the above embodiment, the number of convex portions (indexes) 33 and 34 formed on both side surfaces (for example, side surfaces 15 and 16) corresponding to two specific sides (for example, sides 27 and 28) The number of projections 33 and 34 formed on both side surfaces (for example, side surfaces 17 and 18) corresponding to other two specific sides (for example, sides 29 and 30) is different. That is, both side surfaces (for example, side surfaces 15 and 16) to which two specific sides (for example, sides 27 and 28) correspond and both side surfaces (for example, side surfaces) to which the other two specific sides (for example, sides 29 and 30) correspond. The convex portions 33 and 34 serving as indexes in the portions 17 and 18) have different index forms. Therefore, when determining the facing surface between the adjacent blocks 11, there is no determination error, so that a laying error can be reliably prevented.
[0030]
(4) In the said embodiment, the front shape of the surface part 13 of the block 11 was formed in the non-axisymmetric deformation | transformation substantially hexagon which makes the corner | angular parts 21-26 the vertex. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a laying pattern that is rich in change from the joint pattern when a plurality of the blocks 11 are laid and is excellent in design as compared with a rectangular block.
[0031]
(5) In the said embodiment, the convex part 33 and the convex part 34 are the 1st side parts 15 and 17 in both the blocks 11 and 11 which adjoin at the time of block laying with respect to the corresponding side parts 15-20, respectively. , 19 and the second side surface portions 16, 18, 20 are formed so as to be in a positional relationship where they do not come into contact with each other. Therefore, it becomes possible to lay so that the convex parts 33 and 34 of both adjacent blocks 11 may mesh, and even if it is a case where a load is applied in the direction substantially parallel to the ground 35, the block 11 slides. Can be prevented.
[0032]
(6) In the above embodiment, the side surface 15 and the side surface 16, the side surface 17 and the side surface 18, and the side surface 19 and the side surface 20 are connected to two adjacent sides with the common vertices 21, 23, 25 as boundaries. The same number of convex portions 33 and 34 were formed. Then, the side line 15 and the side part 16, the side part 17 and the side part 18, the side part 19 and the side part 20 respectively correspond to the side 27 and side 28, the side 29 and side 30, and the side 31 and side 32 lines. The shapes are set to negative shapes. Therefore, when determining the laying direction of the block 11 to be laid, the block 11 may be rotated with reference to the common vertices 21, 23, 25, so that the laying work can be performed easily.
[0033]
In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
In the above embodiment, the protrusions 33 and 34 are formed so as not to contact each other when the block 11 is laid, but on the contrary, the positions where the protrusions 33 and 34 contact each other. You may form so that it may become a relationship. In such a configuration, if there are convex portions 33 and 34 that do not come into contact when the side surface portions 15 to 20 of the block 11 are opposed, it can be instantaneously determined that the laying direction of the block 11 is wrong. .
[0034]
In the above embodiment, the convex portions 33 and 34 are projected from the side surface portions 15 to 20 of the block 11, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the side surface portions 15 to 20 that are opposed to each other when the block 11 is laid are provided. Any identifiable index form may be used. For example, a concave index opposite to the convex portions 33 and 34 may be formed from the side surface portions 15 to 20 to the inside of the block main body 12. Moreover, you may attach | subject what becomes a pattern and a mark (For example, the mark which is (circle) in the side parts 15 and 16 and (triangle) mark in the side parts 17 and 18) to the side parts 15-20.
[0035]
In the above embodiment, the shape of the block body 12 is formed in a deformed substantially hexagonal shape. However, the shape is not limited to this, and any shape can be used as long as the front shape of the surface portion 13 is axisymmetric. Also good. The block shape which consists only of a curve without the corner | angular parts 21-26 may be sufficient.
[0036]
In the above embodiment, of the six sides 27 to 32 that partition and form the surface portion 13 from the space, two sides adjacent to each other at predetermined corner portions 21, 23, 25 having an inner angle θ of 120 degrees They were formed such that the line shape of one side had a negative shape with respect to the line shape of the other side. However, the two adjacent sides do not have to be in the negative shape, and the specific two sides (for example, opposite sides) make the line shape of one side a negative shape with respect to the line shape of the other side. What is necessary is just to be formed.
[0037]
In the above embodiment, the block 11 is laid on a sidewalk, a plaza or the like. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The provided block 11 may be embodied as a block used for a wall surface of a building or the like. In this case, it is desirable to use a resin adhesive having an adhesive action, mortar, urethane or the like as the joint material.
[0038]
Next, technical ideas that can be grasped from the above-described embodiment and other examples will be described below together with their effects.
(A) Each of the first and second indicators is a convex indicator projecting from each of the first and second side surfaces so as to have a predetermined protruding height, The second index and the second index are formed so as to be in a positional relationship in which the first side surface portion and the second side surface portion of both adjacent blocks adjacent to each other when the blocks are laid are not in contact with each other. The block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: According to the invention described in (a), it is possible to lay so as to mesh the convex indexes of both adjacent blocks, even when a load is applied in a direction substantially parallel to the ground. It is possible to prevent the block from sliding.
[0039]
(B) The convex index is provided so as to protrude from a position separated from the upper ends of the corresponding first and second side surfaces by a predetermined distance from the bottom to the bottom surface. The block described in a). According to the invention described in (b), even when a load is applied to the block and a competition occurs, a corner gap of the block body is prevented by providing a predetermined interval between the blocks. be able to.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the laying pattern of the joint design excellent in the designability can be obtained, while an efficient laying operation is possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a block according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the block.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX ′ in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view when a block is laid.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY ′ of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Block 12 Block body 13 Surface portion 15, 17, 19 First side surface portion 16, 18, 20 Second side surface portion 27-32 side

Claims (3)

The front surface of the surface portion constituting the design surface has a block main body having a non-axisymmetric shape formed by partitioning a plurality of sides of various linear shapes, and each side in the surface portion is a specific two sides In a block formed so that the line shape of one side is a negative shape with respect to the line shape of the other side,
Of each side surface portion of the block body, a first side surface portion individually corresponding to the one side is provided with a first index, and a second side surface portion continuously corresponding to the other side. Is a block to which a second index indicating that the second side surface portion becomes an opposing surface of the first side surface portion in another block laid adjacently when the block is laid. The block according to claim 1, wherein the first index and the second index are in the same index form. The first index and the second index attached to both side surfaces corresponding to the two specific sides, and the first index and the second index attached to the two side surfaces corresponding to the other two sides. The block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the indicators are different from each other.

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