JP3560893B2 - Crawler traveling device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a crawler traveling device capable of adjusting a tension.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, as a crawler traveling device, there is a crawler traveling device that constitutes a semi-crawler tractor by being equipped in place of a rear tire wheel of a tractor.
A crawler traveling device of this type is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-321729, and a track frame is provided with a tension-adjusting wheel, an idler idler wheel, and an idler wheel intermediate between them. Are arranged and supported on both sides thereof, and drive wheels are arranged above the idler wheels, crawlers are wound around all these wheels, and the track frame is parallel to the axis of the drive wheels and It is swingable about the axis located below it.
[0003]
The adjusting wheel is supported at the front end of tension adjusting means supported by the track frame so as to be movable in the front-rear direction (substantially parallel to the ground contact surface), and the tension adjusting means biases the adjusting wheel forward by a spring material. When the crawler is extended, the adjusting wheel is moved forward by the spring pressure of the spring material, and the tension of the crawler is adjusted.
The swing range restricting means for setting the swing range of the track frame is disposed above the tension adjusting means on the adjustment wheel side with respect to the swing axis.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As the crawler, a rubber crawler in which a circumferential tensile member is embedded is used. Although the crawler has less elongation than the iron crawler, the crawler expands as it is used, so that tension adjustment is required.
In the crawler traveling device of the semi-crawler tractor, since the crawler is wound in a substantially triangular shape in a side view, as in the related art, when a tension adjusting mechanism is disposed in a front-rear direction substantially along the base of the triangle, the adjustment is performed. The amount of tension adjustment is small compared to the travel length of the wheel, and in order to compensate for this, the tension adjustment mechanism must be formed long before and after, which causes problems such as high cost and increased weight of the aircraft. Has occurred.
[0005]
Therefore, it is conceivable to efficiently adjust the tension of the crawler by moving the adjustment wheel by urging the adjustment wheel in a direction away from the center of the crawler such as the axis of the drive wheel or the swing axis of the track frame. However, in the case of a small crawler traveling device, if the swing range restricting means exists above the tension adjusting mechanism that is arranged obliquely, there is a possibility that the track frame will interfere when it swings.
The present invention provides a tension adjusting mechanism in which a tension adjusting mechanism is inclined downward, so that the tension of a crawler can be efficiently adjusted by moving an adjusting wheel, and a swing range regulating unit is arranged on a driven wheel side. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crawler traveling device capable of avoiding interference.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A first specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to arrange and support a tension adjusting wheel 3, a idle wheel 4 and an intermediate idle wheel 5 in a longitudinal direction on a track frame 2. A drive wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, a crawler 7 is wound around all of the wheels, and a tension adjustment mechanism 9 for supporting the adjustment wheel 3 and urging it in a tension adjustment direction is mounted on the track frame 2. From above to the adjustment wheel 3 so that the track frame 2 is swingable about an axis parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheel 6, and the swing range of the track frame 2 is set. The swing range restricting means 13 is disposed closer to the driven wheel 4 than the swing axis.
[0007]
As a result, the downwardly inclined tension adjusting mechanism 9 elastically presses the adjusting wheel 33 from the center of the substantially triangular crawler 7 in the far direction to efficiently adjust the tension of the crawler 7, and furthermore, the track frame 2 swings. Also, interference with the swing range restricting means 13 is avoided.
A second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that the adjusting wheel 3, the driven wheel 4, and the idler wheel 5 are supported by a cantilevered support shaft projecting outward from the track frame 2. That is.
[0008]
This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the track frame 2, prevent mud clogging, and facilitate cleaning.
A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that at least the support shaft 5A of the idler wheel 5 is inclined outward and downward in addition to the second specific means.
Thus, when a load is applied while at least the idler wheel 5 is supported in a cantilever manner, the axis of the support shaft 5 </ b> A is made closer to horizontal, and the wheel is prevented from falling off from the crawler 7.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
4 and 5, reference numeral 15 denotes a tractor in which the rear tire wheels are replaced with the crawler traveling device 1, and the vehicle body is constituted by an engine 16, a transmission case 17, a front axle frame 18, and the like. A front wheel 19 is suspended as a steerable wheel, and the engine 16 is covered with a hood 20.
The tractor 15 has a cabin 21 mounted thereon and covers a control section 22 and a driver's seat 23. A rear working machine 25 such as a rotary cultivator is towed at the rear of the vehicle body via a hydraulic device and a three-point link mechanism 24. . A lops may be attached instead of the cabin 21.
[0010]
1 to 5, a crawler traveling device 1 includes a track frame 2 formed of a square material, a plate material, a pipe material, or the like, a tension adjustment adjusting wheel 3, a idler driven wheel 4, and an idler wheel 5 intermediate therebetween. Are arranged and supported in the front-rear direction in a cantilevered support state, a drive wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, a crawler 7 is wound around all these wheels, and the track frame 2 is connected to the shaft of the drive wheel 6. It is configured to be swingable about an axis located parallel to and below the core.
The adjusting wheel 3 is rotatably supported by a free end of a downwardly inclined tension adjusting mechanism 9 provided on the upper surface of the front end of the track frame 2 via a support shaft 3A.
[0011]
The tension adjusting mechanism 9 is provided with a support 8 having a U-shaped cross section (or a flat plate) on the upper surface of the front end of the track frame 2. A push screw 11 is screwed into the female screw portion 8 a at the rear of the support 8, and a tension spring 12 is provided between the push screw 11 and the shaft support 10. Are located.
The tension adjustment mechanism 9 is inclined forward and downward from the front upper surface of the track frame 2 toward the support shaft 3A of the adjustment wheel 3, and moves the adjustment wheel 3 from the center of the crawler 7 such as the axis of the swing shaft 36. , And is urged by a tension spring 12 in a distant direction.
[0012]
The driven wheel 4 is rotatably supported at the rear end of the track frame 2 via a support shaft 4A, and is a free-wheeling wheel like the adjustment wheel 3. The support shaft 4A is also provided from the outer surface of the track frame 2. It protrudes outward and is cantilevered.
The three idler wheels 5 are arranged on the outer surface of the track frame 2 via a cantilevered support shaft 5A, and three idler wheels are illustrated. The idler wheel 5 may be one or two or more in number, and has a smaller diameter than the adjusting wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4.
[0013]
The support shaft 5A of the idler wheel 5 is inclined slightly downward outward (shown by an inclination angle C in FIG. 3) with respect to the horizontal direction (parallel to the rear axle 33) B, and depends on the body weight. The horizontal direction B is set when a load is applied.
Since the support shaft 3A of the adjusting wheel 3 and the support shaft 4A of the driven wheel 4 are also cantilevered, the support shafts 3A and 4A may be inclined outward and downward similarly to the support shaft 5A.
The drive wheel 6 is a sprocket (a drive transmission having teeth on the outer periphery of a disk) mounted on the outer end surface of the rear axle 33. The rear axle 33 is supported by a rear axle case 34 protruding left and right from the rear of the transmission case 17 and protrudes outward from the rear axle case 34. In the case of a wheel-type tractor, tires are used instead of the drive wheels 6. Wheels are mounted.
[0014]
The pitch circle diameter of the drive wheels 6 is set to be approximately half of the outer circumference diameter of the tire wheels. For this reason, the power transmission system to the front wheels 19 is used to make the peripheral speed of the drive wheels 6 substantially equal to the peripheral speed. A reduction gear is incorporated. Note that a transmission that increases the peripheral speed of the front wheels 19 than the peripheral speed of the drive wheels 6 may be provided.
Since the driving wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, the adjusting wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4 have a triangular arrangement, and the driving wheel 6 forms an upper vertex of the triangle, and the adjusting wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4 Each form a lower vertex. The crawlers (elastic crawler belts) 7 wound around all the wheels become substantially triangular (diameter-shaped) in a side view, and the idler wheels 5 are located at the base of the substantially triangular shape.
[0015]
The crawler 7 may be an iron crawler, but here a rubber crawler having a circumferential tensile member embedded therein is used, and teeth (engaging protrusions) of the driving wheel 6 engage with the center in the width direction. Engagement holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a lug in a pattern such as a horizontal one-letter or a V-shape is formed on the outer peripheral grounding surface, and a derailing prevention protrusion is formed on the inner peripheral surface. The crawler 7 may have a core bar, which is a tensile member in the width direction, embedded at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
A swing support 35 formed of a plate or the like from the main body is erected on the track frame 2, and an upper portion of the swing support 35 is supported by a swing shaft 36 supported by a reinforcing frame 37. I have.
[0016]
The reinforcing frame 37 is connected to the mounting frame 38 fixed to the left and right rear axle cases 34 by bolts, the connecting member 39 fixed to the lower surface of the transmission case 17, and connecting the connecting member 39 and the mounting frame 38. And the frame member 44.
A swing shaft 36 is fixed to the mounting frames 38 on both left and right sides of the reinforcing frame 37, and a cylinder 42 provided at the upper end of the swing support 35 is fitted to the swing shaft 36. The cylinder 42 is prevented from falling off by a stopper plate 43 at the end of the swing shaft 36.
The pivot axis of the track shaft 2 is located parallel to and directly below the axis of the rear axle 33, and serves as the pivot center of the track frame 2 in the front-rear direction.
[0017]
On the rear side (side of the driven wheel 4) of the swing support 35, an up-and-down regulating body 40 is provided on a plate material erected on the track frame 2, and a plate material protruding rearward from the mounting plate 38 in opposition thereto is provided on the plate material. A stopper 41 is provided.
The stopper 41 is formed by engaging a roller with a pin. The stopper 41 comes into contact with the up-and-down regulating body 40 when the track frame 2 swings largely back and forth, so that the swing support body 35 swings in the front-rear direction. Is regulated. It is preferable that each of the upper and lower regulating members 40 can be adjusted vertically.
[0018]
The swing range regulating means 13 is constituted by the vertical regulating body 40 and the stopper 41, and the swing range regulating means 13 can be arranged on the adjustment wheel 3 side on the front side of the swing shaft 36. Since the rear end of the push screw 11 extends closer to the swing shaft 36 than when the tension adjusting mechanism 9 is horizontally arranged in the front-rear direction, the swing shaft 36 is Is disposed on the driven wheel 4 side on the rear side. Further, by disposing the swing range regulating means 13 on the driven wheel 4 side, the front and rear swing range of the track frame 2 can be widened, and the adjustment of the tension adjusting mechanism 9 becomes easy.
[0019]
The crawler traveling device 1 having a substantially triangular shape in a side view has a front portion formed to be slightly longer than a rear portion from the axis of the swing shaft 36, and travels when the rear working machine 25 is mounted on the tractor 15. Stability and traction are increased. However, the horizontal distance from the axis of the swing shaft 36 to the adjustment wheel 3 may be substantially equal to that of the driven wheel 4, or may be longer than shown.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the adjusting wheel 3 is positioned above the horizontal tangent line L (the inner peripheral surface of the crawler 7) on the ground side of the idler wheel 5 by a dimension H, and is adjusted by tension adjustment. Even if the wheel 3 moves far from the center of the crawler 7, the adjusting wheel 3 always exists above the tangent L.
[0020]
As a result, even if the adjusting wheel 3 rides on a protrusion on the ground or collides with a stone, the adjusting wheel 3 retreats upward and rearward from the horizontal pin 30, and even if a shock is applied, the adjusting wheel 3 escapes upward and cushions. It becomes possible to make it work. That is, the tension adjusting mechanism 9 also functions as a buffer mechanism.
Since the tension adjusting mechanism 9 is inclined forward and downward, the axis of the drive wheel 6 (rear axle 33), the swing axis of the track frame 2 (the swing axis 36), Or, they are movements in the near and far directions from the vicinity thereof.
[0021]
That is, the movement is not in the front-back direction along the base of the triangle but in the near-far direction (radial direction) from the center side of the substantially triangular crawler 7, and the elastic biasing force acts in the far direction (radial direction, radial direction). are doing.
Accordingly, the moving distance for extending the crawler 7 for adjusting the tension of the adjusting wheel 3 is larger than the case where the adjusting wheel 3 is moved forward in the horizontal direction and the lower front vertex of the substantially triangular crawler 7 is moved forward. The crawler 7 can be extended sufficiently by the amount of movement to provide an appropriate tension.
[0022]
When the amount of extension of the crawler 7 is large and the elastic pressure of the tension spring 12 becomes small, the push screw 11 is advanced to adjust so as to give an appropriate elastic force.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified. For example, the stopper 41 may be provided on the swing support 35, or the adjustment wheel 3 may be disposed on the rear side of the track frame 2 and the driven wheel 4 may be disposed on the front side.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described in detail above, the tension adjusting mechanism 9 inclined downward to the adjustment wheel 3 adjusts the tension by moving the adjustment wheel 3 away from the center of the substantially triangular crawler 7. Since the tension adjustment can be performed efficiently and the swing range regulating means 13 is arranged on the driven wheel 4 side, even if the track frame 2 swings, the tension adjusting mechanism 9 can be adjusted by the swing range regulating means 13. Can be avoided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a sectional rear view of the same part.
FIG. 4 is an overall side view of the semi-crawler tractor.
FIG. 5 is a sectional rear view of the same part.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crawler running device 2 Track frame 3 Adjusting wheel 3A Support shaft 4 Follower wheel 5 Idler wheel 6 Drive wheel 7 Crawler 9 Tension adjusting mechanism 13 Swing range regulating means 33 Rear axle 35 Swing support 36 Swing shaft

Claims (1)

A tension adjusting wheel (3), an idler driven wheel (4), and an idler wheel (5) in the middle thereof are arranged and supported on a track frame (2) in the front-rear direction, and the idler wheel (5) is provided. A driving wheel (6) is disposed above the cradle, and a crawler (7) is wound around all of these wheels, and a tension adjusting mechanism (9) that urges in the tension adjusting direction while supporting the adjusting wheel (3) is used as a track frame. (2) The track frame (2) is tilted downward from the top to the adjustment wheel (3), and the track frame (2) is swingable about an axis parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheel (6). A swing range restricting means (13) for setting the swing range of the track frame (2) is arranged on the side of the driven wheel (4) from the center of the swing axis , and the adjustment wheel (3), the driven wheel (4) and the idler Cantilever support that protrudes the wheel (5) outward from the track frame (2) Supported by (5A), at least crawler traveling apparatus characterized by idle wheel (5) of the support shaft (5A) and the outer side is inclined downward.

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