JP3543384B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument to which a special sound effect can be given.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the applicant of the present application has disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-124091 that an electronic device capable of reading out waveform data sequentially stored at a predetermined sampling rate in an opposite direction at an arbitrary rate by operating a manipulator such as a scratch disk. An instrument for reading waveform data of musical instruments was proposed.
[0003]
In such an apparatus, a scratch technique performed using an analog record is performed using a digital sound source. Here, the scratch technique is a rhythmic sound that is generated by stopping, speeding up, or reversely rotating the turntable of an analog record player by hand, rather than playing the record normally. A technique for generating a sound, hereinafter referred to as applying a scratch effect sound to a musical sound is referred to as applying a scratch effect.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional electronic musical instrument, although a scratch effect can be simply added to a musical tone generated from a digital sound source, the scratch effect cannot be added in consideration of a musical effect.
[0005]
For example, if it is desired to insert the effect of playing at a regular playback speed from a certain point (position) after applying a reverse to a song, the conventional electronic musical instrument according to the above-mentioned conventional electronic musical instrument has a regular playback speed based on intuition and experience. I had to find the position to start playing with reverse song. Such operations require training, which is very difficult for ordinary users.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide an electronic musical instrument that can provide a musically meaningful scratch effect by a simple operation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a waveform data storage means for storing a plurality of waveform data in advance, a read means for reading desired waveform data from the stored plurality of waveform data in a forward or reverse direction, Instruction means for instructing the read direction of the waveform data read by the read means, wherein the read means detects that the read direction specified by the instruction means changes from a reverse direction to a forward direction. , Reading is started in a forward direction from a predetermined reading position.
[0008]
Preferably, the reading means starts reading in a reverse direction from a predetermined reading position when detecting that the reading direction changes from a forward direction to a reverse direction.
[0009]
Further, preferably, the apparatus further comprises a setting means for setting the predetermined reading position.
[0010]
Waveform data storage means for storing a plurality of waveform data in advance; reading means for reading desired waveform data in the forward or reverse direction from the stored plurality of waveform data; and waveform data read by the reading means. Instruction means for instructing the read speed and direction of the table, table storage means for storing a plurality of types of conversion tables for converting data generated in accordance with the read speed and direction instructed by the instruction means, and the table Selecting means for selecting a desired one from among the plurality of types of conversion tables stored in the storage means, wherein the plurality of types of conversion tables are arranged such that a change point in the reading direction specified by the specifying means corresponds to each conversion table. The reading means is configured to be different for each table, and the reading means is instructed by the instructing means and is selected by the selecting means. And wherein the read out waveform data in accordance with the converted readout speed and direction data by Bull.
[0011]
[Action]
According to the configuration of the present invention, when it is detected that the reading direction of the waveform data specified by the specifying means changes from the reverse direction to the forward direction, the reading means sets the waveform data in the forward direction from a predetermined reading position. Is started, and when it is detected that the designated read direction changes from the forward direction to the reverse direction, the reading means starts reading the waveform data in the reverse direction from a predetermined read position. .
[0012]
When the reading speed and direction of the waveform data are instructed by the instructing means, the data generated in accordance with the instructed amount is converted by the selecting means selected from the plurality of types of conversion tables stored in the table storing means. The waveform data is converted by the table, and the reading means reads out the waveform data in accordance with the read speed and direction according to the converted data and the changing point of the read direction.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0015]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a point setting unit. The point setting unit 1 reads a waveform data from a waveform memory 11 in which a plurality of waveform data are sequentially stored at a predetermined sampling rate in advance and reproduces the waveform data. (Point), a loop start point (LSP) indicating the first position of a repetitive part during repeated playback, a loop end point (LEP) indicating a last position of the repetitive part, and a scratch effect. For setting a scratch point (SCP) indicating a starting point (position) at which a character is given, and other settings such as, for example, a musical tone parameter, and a display unit such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a switch group for each setting. And so on.
[0016]
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the point setting unit 1. The point setting unit 1 includes a display 21 and a switch group 22. FIG. 1 also shows a pitch bend operator (pitch bend wheel in this embodiment) 6 to be described later.
[0017]
The display 21 displays the waveform data 23 read from the waveform memory 11, and the start point (SP), the loop start point (LSP), the loop end point (LEP), and the scratch in the waveform data 23 are displayed. Cursors 24 to 27 each indicating a point (SCP) are displayed.
[0018]
The display example of FIG. 2 shows a state in which a scratch point is set, and the scratch point (the position indicated by the cursor 27) is set to coincide with the loop start point (the position indicated by the cursor 25). At this time, the display of “scratch point” is highlighted and the cursor 27 is blinking so that the user can know that the scratch point has been set.
[0019]
The switch group 22 includes cursor switches 22 ₁ and 22 _{2 for} selecting the cursors 24 to 27 to the right or left, respectively, and turning the dial clockwise or counterclockwise to move the cursor position to the right or left, respectively. by a data setting dial 22 ₃ to change the values of data corresponding to the cursor, the data setting than changing the data values by the dial 22 _3, more accurate data values for changing the ink / a deck switch 22 _4, 22 _5, it is constituted by a screen changing switch 22 _6, 22 ₇ to switch the plurality of display screens displayed on the display unit 21 in accordance with various setting screens.
[0020]
Returning to FIG. 1, the output side of the point setting unit 1 is connected to the input side of a control unit 2 that outputs control information (signal) for controlling a reading control unit 10 described later. The output side of a keyboard unit 3 that generates a key-on signal KON and a key code KC in accordance with the key depression of the user, and the output side of a frequency correction data conversion unit 4 that outputs frequency correction data, which will be described in detail later. In addition to being connected, the control unit 2 includes a ROM that stores a control processing program executed by the control unit 2, various table data, and the like, and a RAM that temporarily stores operation results, various data, and the like by the control unit 2 and the like. It is interconnected with the unit 5.
[0021]
On the input side of the frequency correction data conversion unit 4, there are provided a pitch bend operator 6 for changing the pitch of a musical tone and instructing a time when a scratch effect is applied to the musical tone, Out of the conversion tables, a table selector 7 for generating a select signal for selecting a desired conversion table, and a data width (range) of pitch bend data output from the pitch bend operator 6 and converted by the conversion table. The output side of the pitch bend range setting unit 8 for changing is connected.
[0022]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the frequency correction data conversion unit 4. In FIG. 3, the frequency correction data conversion unit 4 includes pitch bend data from a pitch bend operator 6 (in this embodiment, pitch bend operator 6 is output according to the operation state of No. 6), and stores a plurality of (six in this embodiment) conversion tables for converting the input pitch bend data into a table. a memory 4 ₁ such as a RAM, is connected to the output side of the memory 4 _1, a multiplier 4 ₂ for multiplying a pitch bend range from the pitch bend range setting unit 8 the pitch bend data converted by the selected conversion table It is comprised by. The memory 4 _1, as described above, the select signal from the table selection unit 7 are supplied, the conversion table selected by the select signal, pitch bend data is conversion table, pitch bend data after conversion is only pitch bend range The data is multiplied and supplied to the read control unit 10 as frequency correction data. Here, the pitch bend range is for changing the data width of the pitch bend data, as described above.Specifically, the pitch bend range is for adjusting the effectiveness of the pitch bend data. , 0-2. However, needless to say, the pitch bend range need not be limited to this value.
[0023]
Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a conversion table stored in the memory 4 _1.
[0024]
In the figure, each table data constituting each conversion table has one-to-one correspondence with pitch bend data, that is, values output from the pitch bend operator 6 (data 0 to 127 described in the leftmost column). The pitch bend data “127” is a value output when the pitch bend operator 6 is rotated to the maximum in the forward direction (vertically upward in FIG. 2), and the pitch bend data “64” is The pitch bend data “0” is output when the pitch bend operation element 6 is not operated, and the value output when the pitch bend operation element 6 is fully rotated in the reverse direction (vertical downward direction in FIG. 2). It is. Generally, when the pitch bend operation element 6 is rotated by either hand in the upward or downward direction and then released, the pitch bend operation element 6 is moved to a position where no operation is performed, that is, a position where the pitch bend data “64” is output. It is configured to return.
[0025]
In FIG. 4, the conversion table STOP indicates that the reading of the waveform data is stopped when the pitch bend operation element 6 is not operated at all, and the read speed is increased only when the pitch bend operation element 6 is operated in the forward direction. When the range is "1" (hereinafter, in the description of the conversion table of FIG. 4, it is limited to the case where the pitch bend range is "1"), a musical tone up to a pitch one octave higher is generated. Things.
[0026]
The conversion table STOP-REV indicates that the reading of the waveform data is stopped when the pitch bend operation element 6 is not operated at all, and when the pitch bend operation element 6 is operated in the forward direction, the reading speed is increased according to the operation amount to increase the pitch. When the operation is performed in the reverse direction, the waveform data is read in the reverse direction, the reading speed is increased according to the operation amount, the pitch is increased, and a musical tone up to a pitch one octave higher is generated. .
[0027]
The conversion table SLOW is "1" when the pitch bend operation element 6 is not operated at all, that is, the read speed and pitch of the waveform data are kept as they are, and when the pitch data is operated in the forward direction, the read speed is set according to the operation amount. When the pitch is increased and the pitch is increased, and the pitch is adjusted in the opposite direction, the reading speed is decreased to reduce the pitch according to the amount of the pitch, and when the pitch is increased, the pitch up to one octave higher. Is generated, and when the operation is performed in the direction of lowering the pitch, the operation is stopped almost at the maximum.
[0028]
The conversion table NORMAL has a lower limit of 0.5 when the pitch bend operator 6 is operated in the reverse direction in the conversion table SLOW, that is, generates a musical tone up to a pitch one octave lower. It is.
[0029]
The conversion table SLOW-REV keeps the readout speed and pitch of the waveform data unchanged when the pitch bend operation element 6 is not operated, and increases the readout speed in accordance with the operation amount when operating in the forward direction. When the tone is raised up to one octave up and the operation is performed in the reverse direction, the reading speed is reduced and the pitch is lowered according to the operation amount, and the maximum (when the pitch bend data is "32") stops. When the pitch bend data falls below "32", the waveform data is read in the reverse direction, and the read speed is increased according to the operation amount to increase the pitch, thereby increasing the pitch by one octave at the maximum. To generate musical tones.
[0030]
The conversion table / SLOW-REV is obtained by rearranging the table data in the reverse order with respect to the conversion table SLOW-REV. By using this conversion table / SLOW-REV, the pitch bend operator 6 The operation direction is opposite to the operation direction when the conversion table SLOW-REV is used.
[0031]
Since the gist of the present invention is a method for providing a scratch effect, the conversion tables used by the electronic musical instrument of the present embodiment include the conversion tables STOP-REV, SLOW-REV, and / SLOW-REV among the conversion tables described above. Although there are only three types of conversion tables, the following description is made using only the conversion table SLOW-REV for convenience of explanation.
[0032]
Returning to FIG. 1, the output side of the keyboard unit 3 is connected to the input side of a frequency data generation unit 9 for converting a key code KC generated by depressing a key of the keyboard unit 3 into frequency data. The output side of the data generation unit 9 is connected to the input side of a read control unit 10 that performs read control for reading and reproducing waveform data from the waveform memory 11. Further, the output side of the control section 2 and the frequency correction data conversion section 4 are also connected to the read control section 10, and the read control section 10 converts the frequency data from the frequency data generation section 9 into the frequency correction data. Processing is performed based on the correction data from the control unit 4 and the control information from the control unit 2, and desired waveform data is read from the waveform memory 11 according to the processing result.
[0033]
An output side of the waveform memory 11 is connected to an input side of an effector 12 for giving effects such as an envelope, a filter, a pan, and a reverb to the waveform data output from the waveform memory 11, and an output side of the effector 12 is It is connected to the input side of a sound system that converts a tone signal output from the effector 12 into sound.
[0034]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the read control unit 10. In FIG. 5, the read control unit 10 includes the frequency correction data supplied from the frequency correction data conversion unit 4 and the frequency data generation unit 9. current value register which inputs the frequency data to be supplied, for storing a multiplier 10 ₁ multiplies these data, the current read position of the multiplication result and the waveform data outputted from the multiplier 10 ₁ (address value) from enter the output result which is output from the 10 _2, an adder 10 ₃ for adding these data (address value) inputs the addition result from the adder 10 _3, points set as described above section 1 And a loop end point signal LEP indicating a loop end point (LEP) output from the control unit 2 and a loop start point (LSP). It is constituted by a comparator circuit ₁₀₄ for inputting the loop start point signal LSP showing a P).
[0035]
Further, the current value register 10 _2, together with the output from the comparator circuit ₁₀₄ is supplied from the control unit 2, the start point signal SP and scratch point showing the set start point at point setting unit 1 (SP) A scratch point signal SCP indicating (SCP) is supplied.
[0036]
The frequency data generated according to the key code KC generated by the key depression is corrected by the frequency correction data generated by the frequency correction data conversion unit 4 in accordance with the operation amount from the pitch bend operator 6, and then added to the adder. by 10 ₃ are added to the current read position (address value) is supplied to the comparator circuit 10 _4. In the comparing circuit 10 _4, the addition result of the adder 10 ₃ is compared with the loop end point (address value) according to the loop end point signal LEP, if the addition result exceeds the loop end point, loop start point and the difference It is added to the loop start point (address value) according to the signals LSP, and the addition result is set to the current value register 10 _2. On the other hand, the reset start or the like, when starting the reading from the start point of the waveform data, the address values of the start point to the current value register 10 ₂ is set by the start point signal SP, also in order to impart scratch effect , in order to move the read position of the waveform data to a scratch point, the address value of the scratch point to the current value register 10 ₂ by a scratch point signal SCP is set.
[0037]
The control process of the electronic musical instrument configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0038]
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a control process executed by the control unit 2 of the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment.
[0039]
In the figure, first, initial settings such as clearing of the storage unit 5 and various memories and clearing of various ports are performed (step S1).
[0040]
Next, it is determined whether or not various points SP, LSP, LEP, and SCP have been set by the point setting unit 1 (step S2), and when set, a scratch point value (address value) SCP is stored in the storage unit 5. (Step S3), the start point value (address value) SP, the loop start point value (address value) LSP, and the loop end point value (address value) LEP are transmitted to the read control unit 10 (step S4).
[0041]
On the other hand, if the various points SP, LSP, LEP, and SCP are not set in the determination in step S2, the process skips steps S3 and S4 and proceeds to step S5.
[0042]
In step S5, the zero-cross of the frequency correction data from the frequency correction data conversion unit 4, that is, the data after being converted by the conversion tables STOP-REV, SLOW-REV, and / SLOW-REV and multiplied by the pitch bend range data is obtained. , It is determined whether or not a point in time when switching from positive to negative or from negative to positive is detected (step S5). When a zero cross is detected, the scratch point value SCP stored in the storage unit 5 in step S3 is replaced with the scratch point signal. output to the current value register 10 _second reading control unit 10 as the SCP (step S6), and on the other hand, when not detecting the zero-cross flow proceeds to step S7 by skipping step S6.
[0043]
In step S7, it is determined whether or not there is a key event, that is, whether there is a key-on event or a key-off event. If there is no key event, the process returns to step S2 and the above-described processing is repeated. If the event is a key-on event, the read control unit 10 is instructed to start sounding, and if the key event process is a key-off event, the read control unit 10 is instructed to mute (step S8).
[0044]
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the reading control of the waveform data performed by the electronic musical instrument of the present embodiment.
[0045]
In the figure, first, when the keyboard 3 is pressed, waveform data is read from the start point SP1 in the forward direction (according to the arrow 31). At this time, as described above, if the table SLOW-REV is selected as the conversion table, if the pitch bend data has a value of 33 to 127, the reading speed is changed but the reading direction is not changed. The waveform data is read according to the arrow 31.
[0046]
Next, when the pitch bend operation element 6 is operated so that the pitch bend data becomes a value smaller than "31", a signal indicating a negative value is output from the frequency correction data conversion section 4 to the control section 2. zero-crossing is detected by the control unit 2, the value of the scratch point SCP1 is set to the current value register 10 _2, the read position is moved from the current read position a scratch point SCP1.
[0047]
Then, reading is started in the reverse direction (according to the arrow 32) at a speed corresponding to the operation angle of the pitch bend operation element 6, and a musical sound with a scratch effect is generated.
[0048]
Next, when the pitch bend operator 6 is released at the time of the read position b or the pitch bend operator 6 is operated so as to perform forward reading, the zero crossing is detected again by the control unit 2 and the read position is read. Moves from the current reading position b to the scratch point SCP1, from which reading of the waveform data is started in the forward direction (according to the arrow 33).
[0049]
As described above, according to the electronic musical instrument of the present embodiment, when the instruction to change the reading of the waveform data from the forward direction to the backward direction is given, the scratch effect is given from the preset position (address). Since it is configured to generate musical tones, it is possible to impart a musically meaningful scratch effect by a simple operation without having to learn a technique for finding a scratch point.
[0050]
In the present embodiment, each table data of the conversion table is not configured to be changeable. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
[0051]
Further, in the present embodiment, the position at which the scratch effect is applied when the reading of the waveform data is changed from the forward direction to the reverse direction, and the position at which the application of the scratch effect is released, that is, the waveform data is transferred from the reverse direction to the forward direction. Although the position at which reading is started when the reading is changed is the same (scratch point SCP1 in FIG. 7), the present invention is not limited to this, and these positions may be different.
[0052]
Further, in this embodiment, as the pitch bend operation element 6, an operation element which returns to the middle point position (position for outputting the pitch vent data "64") by the force of the spring when the hand is released during the operation is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an operator, a pedal, a slider, or the like that does not return to the middle point may be used.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when it is detected that the reading direction of the waveform data specified by the specifying means changes from the reverse direction to the forward direction, the reading means sequentially starts from a predetermined reading position. The reading of the waveform data is started in the direction, and when it is detected that the designated reading direction changes from the forward direction to the reverse direction, the reading means reads the waveform data in the reverse direction from the predetermined reading position. Is started, it is possible to provide a musically meaningful scratch effect by a simple operation.
[0054]
Waveform data storage means for storing a plurality of waveform data in advance; reading means for reading desired waveform data in the forward or reverse direction from the stored plurality of waveform data; and waveform data read by the reading means. Instruction means for instructing the read speed and direction of the table, table storage means for storing a plurality of types of conversion tables for converting data generated in accordance with the read speed and direction instructed by the instruction means, and the table Selecting means for selecting a desired one from among the plurality of types of conversion tables stored in the storage means, wherein the plurality of types of conversion tables are arranged such that a change point in the reading direction specified by the specifying means corresponds to each conversion table. The reading means is configured to be different for each table, and the reading means is instructed by the instructing means and is selected by the selecting means. Since the waveform data is read in accordance with the read speed and direction data converted by the conversion table, the position at which the reading of the waveform data in the reverse direction and the reading in the forward direction are switched is made different for each conversion table, so that the position can be changed by the user. Can be controlled to a position where it can be easily operated, and the operability can be further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a point setting unit in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a frequency correction data conversion unit in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conversion table stored in a memory in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a read control unit 10 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a control process executed by a control unit in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating control for reading out waveform data performed by the electronic musical instrument of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 control unit (control means)
4 ₁ Memory (table storage means)
6 Pitch bend operator (instruction means)
7 Table selection section (selection means)
10 read control unit (read means)
11 Waveform memory (waveform data storage means)

Claims (4)

Waveform data storage means for storing a plurality of waveform data in advance;
Reading means for reading desired waveform data from the stored plurality of waveform data in the forward or reverse direction;
Indicating means for indicating a reading direction of the waveform data read by the reading means,
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the reading means starts reading from a predetermined reading position in the forward direction when detecting that the reading direction specified by the specifying means changes from the backward direction to the forward direction. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein said reading means starts reading in a reverse direction from a predetermined reading position when detecting that the reading direction changes from a forward direction to a reverse direction. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a setting unit for setting the predetermined read position. Waveform data storage means for storing a plurality of waveform data in advance;
Reading means for reading desired waveform data from the stored plurality of waveform data in the forward or reverse direction;
Instruction means for instructing the read speed and direction of the waveform data read by the read means;
Table storage means for storing a plurality of types of conversion tables for converting data generated according to the read speed and direction instructed by the instructing means;
Selecting means for selecting a desired one of a plurality of types of conversion tables stored in the table storage means,
The plurality of types of conversion tables are configured such that a change point in a reading direction specified by the specifying unit is different for each conversion table,
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein said reading means reads the waveform data in accordance with the reading speed and direction data converted by the conversion table selected by the selecting means and specified by the specifying means.

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