JP3209543B2 - Surgical microscope - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surgical microscope having at least one stereoscopic optical system having a pair of observation optical paths for obtaining a stereoscopic image.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In microsurgery, in the case of difficult surgery, at least one assistant in addition to the main surgeon is required to perform surgery in order to reduce the burden on the surgeon and smoothly advance the surgery. Sometimes. As a known example of a surgical microscope used in such a case, there is one disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-19120. This has a configuration as shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 201 denotes an image forming lens, 202 denotes a variable power system, and 203 denotes a light splitting element. Light from an unillustrated object passing through the image forming lens 201 and the variable power system 202 is converted by the light splitting element 203 into the light of the image forming lens 201. The light is split into a first light traveling in an optical axis direction and a second light traveling in a direction perpendicular to the first light.

[0003] Reference numerals 204 and 206 denote a direction changing optical element and a relay lens disposed in the optical path of the first light, respectively.
208 is an optical element for directing the second light in substantially the same direction as the first light, and 207 and 205 are disposed in the optical path of the second light directed in substantially the same direction as the first light, respectively. A relay lens and a direction changing optical element. These light splitting element 203, direction changing optical elements 204, 20
The optical system including the optical lenses 5 and 208 and the relay lenses 206 and 207 is housed in a microscope main body (not shown), and the object images I ₁ and I ₂ by the first light and the second light are formed by the imaging lens 201. Each of the above optical elements is arranged so as to be formed at the same level position equidistant from the optical axis.

[0004] Further, the above-mentioned known examples include a TV camera and a 35
FIG. 20 shows a case where the mm steel camera is attached. In this case, a light splitting element 211 is further provided between the light splitting element 203 and the variable power system 202 of the known example, and the observation light is guided to the TV camera 214 by the light path switching mirror 212 and the relay lens 215. The lens 212 and the relay lens 216 guide the camera to a 35 mm still camera 213. In this case, the switching mirror 212
Is the optical path on the TV camera 214 side and the 35mm steel camera 2
It operates to select the 13th optical path.

[0005] In addition, from a common imaging lens, about 120 °
FIG. 21 shows a configuration for splitting into two complete three-dimensional optical paths at an angle of
Shown in In the drawing, observation lights a, b, and c from an object pass through an imaging lens 201 and a variable power system (not shown), and are observed light a and b.
Are respectively guided to the light splitting element 221 and the light splitting element 224 arranged on the optical path of the observation light c. The observation light a is A1 and S2, the observation light b is A2 and B1, and the observation light c. Is divided into light of S1 and B2. Further, the split light S
2, B1 and B2 are turned about 120 ° with respect to each other by the direction changing element 223 arranged on the optical path of light S2 and the direction changing element 222 arranged on the optical path of light B1 and B2. Is converted to a three-dimensional optical path having an angle of
With the above configuration, light A1, A2 and light B
1, B2 than can be recorded by, TV camera, still camera or the like of the accessory becomes can be mounted via an adapter. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-262820 discloses a three-dimensional
A visual television microscope is disclosed. This is the observation
Displaying the target 3D image on a TV monitor and trying to observe it
Is Umono.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
In the microscope described in JP-A-62-262820, a plurality of microscopes are disclosed.
The observer views the same object from different directions.
I could not imagine.

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an image pickup device.
In the microscope used, at least two observers
When observing one observation object from different directions
However, each observer must observe
It is an object of the present invention to provide a surgical microscope that can be recognized .

[0008]

A surgical microscope according to the present invention is a surgical microscope which can be observed by a plurality of observers. At least a first image for imaging a region to be observed and outputting a first image signal is provided. An imaging unit; a second imaging unit configured to image the observation target site at a position different from the first imaging unit and output a second imaging signal; and a first imaging unit configured to output the first imaging signal from the first imaging unit. Video signal generating means for generating and outputting a predetermined first video signal based on the imaging signal of the above, and a predetermined second video signal based on the second imaging signal from the second imaging means. A video signal generating means for generating and outputting, based on the first video signal, displaying a first video for observation with a right eye of a first observer on a first display unit; Is observed with the left eye of the first observer based on the video signal of Display means for displaying a second image for displaying on a second display unit, and upper and lower sides of the first image displayed on the first display unit based on the first image signal. Displaying the inverted third image for observation with the left eye of the second observer on the third display unit, and displaying the third image on the second display unit based on the second image signal. A second image which is turned upside down and displayed on the fourth display unit for displaying a fourth image for observation with the right eye of the second observer, the second image being arranged opposite to the first display means. And a display means. Further, the surgical microscope according to the present invention is a surgical microscope that can be observed by a plurality of observers, wherein at least first imaging means for imaging an observation target site in a predetermined first direction; A second imaging unit that images the observation target site in a predetermined second direction different from the first direction, and a direction in which the observation target site is imaged can be switched between the first direction and the second direction. A third imaging unit, a switching unit for switching an imaging direction by the third imaging unit, and a predetermined signal based on an imaging signal from the third imaging unit and an imaging signal from the first imaging unit. A first video signal generating unit that outputs a first stereoscopic video signal, a predetermined second stereoscopic video signal based on an imaging signal from the third imaging unit, and an imaging signal from the second imaging unit. Second video signal generator for outputting a video signal Means for inputting the first stereoscopic video signal from the first video signal generating means, and displaying a first stereoscopic video based on the first stereoscopic video signal in the first direction. Display means, and the second video signal from the second video signal generation means.
And a second display means for displaying a second stereoscopic video based on the second stereoscopic video signal in the second direction, and a first display means for displaying the first stereoscopic video signal on the first display means. When displaying a stereoscopic image, imaging is performed in the first direction,
And a switching control means for controlling switching of the switching means so as to capture an image in the second direction when the second stereoscopic video is displayed on the display means.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a mirror section of a first embodiment of an operating microscope according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a side view and a plan view of FIG. 1, respectively. In the figure, 6 is a microscope body, an objective lens 10 is provided in the lens body 6, the left observation optical path O _L zooming system on 9, the color separation prism 8 is provided. Further, R, G,
On each optical path of B, an R image sensor 7a and a G image sensor 7 are provided, respectively.
b, B image sensor 7c is arranged. Further, similarly to the right observation optical path O _R, zooming system 9 ', the color separation prism 8', R imaging device 7a ', G imaging element 7b', B imaging element 7c 'are provided. The mirror body 6 is provided with an illumination system (not shown) and is spatially supported by a support arm (not shown).

A liquid crystal monitor 2 on which a liquid crystal circularly polarizing plate 1 is mounted so as to cover the screen is rotatably mounted on a slide plate 4 by means of a rotating shaft 3, and the slide plate 4 is provided on the slide plate 4. It is fixed to the upper surface of the lens body 6 by a slide plate fixing tool 5 provided on the lens body 6 via an elongated hole (not shown) so as to be freely selectable. Further, another liquid crystal monitor 2 'having a liquid crystal circularly polarizing plate 1' attached so as to cover the screen is rotatable about the liquid crystal monitor 2 with the rotation shaft 3 'in the same manner as above. The slide plate 4 'is fixed to the slide plate 4' through a slot (not shown) provided in the slide plate 4 '.
Thus, it is fixed to the upper surface of the mirror body 6 so that the position can be selected. The liquid crystal monitors 2 and 2 'are, as shown in FIG.
Line connecting the two is possible positions and perpendicular to the line connecting the central axes of the left observation optical path O _L of the right observation optical path O _R.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electric circuit according to this embodiment. In the figure, 12 is a camera control unit, which, R image information signal from the drive circuit 13a and R imaging device 7a for driving the R image sensor 7a provided on the left side observation optical path O _L of the lens body 6 An R imaging unit 22a configured with a signal processing circuit 14a that configures an R image by R ₁
When similarly driving the G imaging element 7b driving circuit 13b and the G imaging element 7b consists of a signal processing circuit 14b that constitutes the G image from the G image information signals G ₁ from the G imaging unit 2
2b and a drive circuit 13 for similarly driving the B image sensor 7c
c and B image information signal B ₁ from the B image sensor 7 c
And a B image pickup unit 22c formed of a signal processing circuit 14c for forming an image, and a R image signal R ₂ , a G image signal G ₂ , and a B image signal are supplied to a signal configuration circuit 16 in a stereoscopic video signal converter 15 described later. and outputs an image signal B _2. Also, a camera control unit 12 'is provided for each of the image sensors 7a', 7b ', 7c'.
This has the same configuration as that of the camera control unit 12 described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The three-dimensional video signal converter 15 includes a signal configuration circuit 16, a three-dimensional video signal conversion circuit 17, and a frame memory 1.
9. The signal configuration circuit 16 includes:
R image signals R ₂ to be imaged in the left observation optical path O _L,
A left RGB image signal processing circuit (not shown) that forms a left RGB image signal from the G image signal G ₂ and the B image signal B _2, outputs the left RGB image signal to the stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 17 and the frame memory 19, and incorporates an auto white circuit; Similarly R image signals R ₂ obtained by the right observation optical path O _R ', G image signal G _2', and outputs the B image signal B ₂ 'by combining the right RGB image signal into three-dimensional video signal conversion circuit 17 A right RGB image signal processing circuit (not shown) incorporating an auto white circuit, and an NTSC conversion circuit (not shown) for converting the left RGB image signal into a composite NTSC video signal and outputting it to the VCR 20. The left RGB image signal output from the frame memory 19 is input to the video printer 21.

The stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 17 is provided with the left RG
A stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit (not shown) for synthesizing a stereoscopic video signal from both the B image signal and the right RGB image signal and outputting it to the liquid crystal monitors 2 and 2 ′, and a driving signal P to the liquid crystal circularly polarizing plates 1 and 1 ′ And a drive circuit unit (not shown) for outputting a drive signal Q obtained by inverting the drive signal, and a stereoscopic video signal circuit unit for recording (not shown).

Incidentally, it is assumed that the liquid crystal monitors 2 and 2 'attached to the mirror body 6 are provided with an auto white operation switch (not shown), and that either the liquid crystal monitor 2 or 2' can be removed. It is possible.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
Operative part 11 obtained through objective lens 10 and variable power system 9
Observation optical path O on the left_LIs passed through the color dividing prism 8
R, G, and B optical paths are divided into R image sensors 7a,
The light enters the G image sensor 7b and the B image sensor 7c. here
The R image sensor 7a is a drive (not shown) of the drive circuit 13a.
Image signal R₁The signal processing times
Output to the path 14a. The signal processing circuit 14a
Information signal R ₁To the R image signal R_TwoConvert to 3D video signal
Output to a signal configuration circuit 16 built in the conversion device 15
You. Similarly, the G image sensor 7b is connected to the drive circuit 13b.
And a synchronous signal (not shown) from the drive circuit 13a.
And the image information signal G₁The signal processing circuit
14b. The signal processing circuit 14 b
Notification signal G₁To the G image signal G_TwoTo a 3D video signal
To the signal configuration circuit 16 of the conversion device 15. B image sensor
7c also generates a synchronization signal (not shown) from the drive circuit 13c.
Driven with more synchronization, the image information signal B₁Signal processing
Output to the logical circuit 14c. The signal processing circuit 14c
Image information signal B₁To B image signal B_TwoConvert to 3D images
The signal is output to the signal configuration circuit 16 of the signal conversion device 15.

[0016] In the same manner, the objective lens 10 and the zoom system 9 'image of the right observation optical path O _R of the operative part 11 obtained through the color splitting prism 8' is divided through the R, G, each optical path of the B , The R image signal R ₂ ′ by the driving circuit 13 a ′ and the signal processing circuit 14 a ′ of the R imaging device 7 a ′ and the R imaging unit 22 a ′, and the driving circuit 13 b ′ of the G imaging device 7 b ′ and the G imaging unit 22 b ′. The G image signal G ₂ ′ is further processed by the processing circuit 14 b ′,
The B image signal B ₂ ′ is converted by the driving circuit 13 c ′ and the signal processing circuit 14 c ′ into the stereoscopic video signal converter 15.
To the input circuit 16.

Signal configuration of the stereoscopic video signal converter 15
In the circuit 16, the left observation optical path O _LR image obtained from
Image signal R_Two, G image signal G_Two, B image signal B_TwoMore left R
A left RGB image signal is constituted by a GB image signal processing circuit.
Then, the signal is output to the stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 17. Similarly, before
Note right observation optical path O_RR image signal R obtained from_Two', G
Image signal G_Two', B image signal B_Two'RGB image signal right
The right RGB image signal is composed by the signal processing circuit,
Output to the signal conversion circuit 17.

The left RGB image signal is converted into a composite NTSC video signal by an NTSC conversion circuit (not shown), and can be recorded by the video deck 20. Further, the left R stored in the frame memory 19
The GB image signal can be output by the video printer 21.

In the stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 17, the left R
The RGB image signal and the right RGB image signal are alternately input to a stereoscopic image processing circuit so as to be a stereoscopic image signal, and the combined R
The GB video signal is displayed on the liquid crystal monitors 2 and 2 '.
Further, in the three-dimensional video signal conversion circuit 17, the three-dimensional video signal circuit for recording converts the RGB three-dimensional image signals into NTSC signals.
The video signal is converted into a stereoscopic video signal and can be recorded on the video deck 20.

In order to change the polarization direction of the liquid crystal circular polarizer 1 in synchronization with the RGB stereoscopic video signals on the liquid crystal monitors 2 and 2 ′, a driving signal P is transmitted from the stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 17 to the liquid crystal circular polarizer 1. Output. Thereby, the observer of the liquid crystal monitor 2 can wear the RG
When the image of the left RGB image signals or the left observation optical path O _L of the B stereoscopic video signal is displayed may be seen through only the left eye of the observer by the liquid crystal circularly polarizing plate 1 and the circular polarizing glasses It becomes, similarly when an image of the right RGB image signals or the right observation optical path O _R is projected is changed polarization direction of the liquid crystal circularly polarizing plate 1, the circular polarizing glasses, and transmits only the right eye of the viewer You will see. By separating the left and right images in this manner, a stereoscopic view becomes possible.

An RGB stereoscopic video signal is also displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 2 '. The driving signal Q to the liquid crystal circularly polarizing plate 1' output from the stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 17 inverts the driving signal P. for those, 'in the observer's left RGB image signal i.e. the liquid crystal circularly polarizing plate 1 is an image of the left observation optical path O _L of the stereoscopic video signal' LCD monitor 2 transmits only the right eye and by circular polarizing glasses Visible, right RGB
For the image of the image signals or the right observation optical path O _R is seen through only the left eye in the same manner, so that also the observer of the liquid crystal monitor 2 'stereoscopic images from the correct direction is obtained.
Further, the color balance is corrected when any observer pushes an auto white operation switch provided on the liquid crystal monitors 2 and 2 'by placing white gauze or the like on the operative site.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, images obtained by the left and right observation optical paths are taken, and signals are electrically distributed as image signals. Become. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent an increase in the amount of illumination light to the operative portion 11 due to an increase in the number of observers, and as a result, it is possible to eliminate the adverse effect of the illumination light on the operative portion of the patient. In other words, not only can retinal damage due to illumination light, which is a problem in ophthalmic surgery, be prevented, but also in other departments surgery, the temperature rise of the operative part due to the illuminating light and the drying due to it can be reduced. The troublesome work such as applying saline solution can be reduced, and the operation can proceed promptly.

Further, since the positions of the observation liquid crystal monitors 2 and 2 'can be adjusted, the surgeon can perform the operation in the posture that is most easy to observe. It is possible to prevent coloring at the part. This is because the influence of the color temperature and the like of the illumination light can be electrically canceled, but as a result, the optical filter used for color temperature correction and the like is not required, and the loss of the illumination light is also reduced. This can be eliminated and the size of the light source can be reduced. If only one surgeon has removed the liquid crystal monitor 2 or 2 ', the size of the mirror is reduced and the operability is improved.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the entire second embodiment.
This is obtained by attaching a liquid crystal monitor 42 for the third observer to the first embodiment. The LCD monitor 42
A liquid crystal monitor support arm 43 that is flexible and can be fixed at an arbitrary position is fixed to one end of the liquid crystal monitor support arm 43, and a fixing tool 45 having a fixed handle 44 is attached to the other end of the arm 43. Further, the mirror body 6 is provided with an arm mounting portion 41 in a circumferential shape, and a fixing tool 45 is fastened and fixed to the arm mounting portion 41.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a main part of the electric circuit of the second embodiment. FIG, R _{1 to} the signal configuration circuit 16 ', obtained as in the first embodiment in the left observation optical path O _L,
And G _1, each of the image signals R ₂ for _{B 1, G 2, B 2} , R 1 obtained in the right observation optical path _{O R ', G 1',} ' each of the image signals R ₂ for' B _1, G ₂ ' , B ₂ ′ are input. A part of the output is connected to the liquid crystal monitor 42. A part of the output of the stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 17 ′ is connected to a stereoscopic monitor 47, which is a viewer monitor, and is also connected to a liquid crystal circularly polarizing plate 46 provided on the screen of the stereoscopic monitor 47. I have.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
The liquid crystal monitor 42 is fixed to an arm mounting portion 41 provided on the mirror body 6 by tightening a fixed handle 44 with a fixing tool 45 of the liquid crystal monitor support arm 43. The liquid crystal monitor 42 is flexible. It is fixed at an arbitrary position by being present. Then, the left RGB image signal from the signal configuration circuit 16 'is sent to and displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 42, so that a nurse or the like assisting the surgeon can observe. On the other hand, an RGB stereoscopic video signal is sent from the stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 17 'to the stereoscopic monitor 47 for the visitor, and the drive signal P is sent to the liquid crystal circularly polarizing plate 46 provided on the screen. In the same manner as the observer of the liquid crystal monitor 2 in the embodiment, the observer can see the stereoscopic image of the operation section 11 by viewing the stereoscopic monitor 47 with circularly polarized glasses.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, since it is possible to electrically distribute the captured image, the third liquid crystal monitor capable of observing the operation portion 11 near the mirror body 6 4
2 can be provided so that a nurse or the like who assists the surgeon can easily monitor and monitor the progress of the operation, and can also predict the replacement of the surgical tool. The replacement of surgical tools is performed smoothly,
The operation time is shortened, and both the patient and the operator are released from the pain quickly. In addition, a three-dimensional image of the surgical site can be provided to a visitor, so that images with a sense of reality are more effective in terms of education and guidance, and contribute to the development of medicine.

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the mirror portion of the third embodiment.
8 and 9 are a side view of FIG. 7 and a view showing the display direction of the monitor, respectively. The mirror 6 'having the same optical system and imaging unit as in the first embodiment has an observation unit support member 38, and the observation unit support member 38 can rotate the rear part of the observation unit 30 freely. And a rotating shaft 34 'for rotatably supporting a rear portion of the observation unit 30'.
A first left monitor 31 having an eye shade 31 a and a first right monitor 32 having an eye shade 32 a are slidably attached to the observation section 30 via a sliding support 33. Similarly, a second left monitor 37 and a second right monitor 36 are provided in the observation unit 30 '.
As shown in FIG. 9, all the monitors 31, 32, 36, and 37 are mounted so that the display directions are all the same when viewed from above the mirror 6 '.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an electric circuit according to this embodiment. R image signals R ₂ obtained by the left observation optical path O _L, G image signals G _2, B image signals B _2, further R image signals R ₂ obtained by the right observation optical path O _R ', G image signal G
Until each of the ₂ ′ and B image signals B ₂ ′ is configured, it is the same as in the first embodiment, and the description is omitted here.
The R ₂ , G ₂ , and B ₂ image signals are input to the left image signal circuit 16a. Similarly, the R ₂ ′, G ₂ ′, and B ₂ ′ image signals are input to the right image signal circuit 16b. The left image signal circuit 16a and the right image signal circuit 16b are connected to the image distribution circuit 18 and are provided in the first section provided in the observation unit 30.
The left monitor 31, the first right monitor 32, and the second left monitor 37 and the second right monitor 3 provided in the observation unit 30 '.
6, each image signal is supplied via the image distribution circuit 18.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the observation unit 30,
The observation section 30 'enables the operator to perform appropriate stereoscopic viewing from two directions so as to face each other, but it is not necessary to increase the illumination light. Furthermore, the surgeon does not need to use polarized glasses or the like as a means for dividing the left and right images, and does not hinder normal operations.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the entire embodiment.
In the figure, a mirror body 60 is attached to a support arm 56 and is supported movably in space. Liquid crystal monitors 93 and 94 are attached to the support arm 56 via liquid crystal monitor support arms 91 and 92 that can be flexibly bent and fixed. FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a main part of a mirror body and an electric circuit according to the present embodiment, and FIGS. 13 and 14 are views showing a structure of a mirror body 60. In the drawing, a mirror body 60 has an illumination system (not shown), and includes an objective lens 10, variable magnification systems 61a, 61b, 61c in three observation optical paths, and relay lenses 62a, 62b, 62c on the optical paths. Solid-state imaging device 6
3a, 63b and 63c are arranged respectively. The points P, Q, and R shown in FIG. 13 are the center of the three observation optical paths, and the liquid crystal monitor 93 and the liquid crystal monitor 93 indicated by broken arrows in FIG.
94, the solid-state imaging devices 63a, 63
c indicates that the direction position of the solid-state image sensor 63c is
The fixing plate is rotated by 90 ° in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the direction of 3a, and the center of each element is arranged at a position overlapping each optical path center point Q, R, and is fixed in the mirror body 60 via the seat 69, respectively. 68
The solid-state imaging device 63b is fixed, and the center of the device, the optical path center P, and the rotation center of the rotation seat 65 overlap with the rotation seat 65 rotatably installed via an annular bearing inserted into the fixed plate 68. Secured in position. A long hole 66 is provided on the upper surface of the rotating seat 65.
A driving rod 64a connected to the tip of a piezoelectric element 64 such as a rod-shaped bimorph disposed above the rotary seat 65 is inserted into the piezoelectric element 64, and a piezoelectric element control signal CT is input to the piezoelectric element 64. By driving the driving rod 64a by deforming the piezoelectric element 64, the driving rod 64a engages with the long hole 66,
The rotary seat 65 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow M in FIGS. 13 and 14, and the directional position of the solid-state imaging device 63b is rotated by 90 ° by the rotation. The solid-state imaging devices 63a, 63b, 63c have a
A color filter array (not shown) is fixed.

Observation light incident on the solid-state image sensors 63a, 63b, 63c is applied to the solid-state image sensors 63a, 63b, 63c in accordance with drive signals output from the drive circuits 71a, 71b, 71c.
63a, 63c, and the photoelectric conversion is performed by the amplifier circuits 72a,
The signals are output to the low-pass filters 73a, 73b, 73c and the white balance circuit 74.
a, 74b, 74c, γ correction circuits 75a, 75b, 75
c, image processing is performed as image information signals via the process circuits 76a, 76b, 76c and the encoder circuits 77a, 77b, 77c, and the video signal A output from the encoder circuit 77a is output to the stereoscopic image circuit 85A, and the encoder circuit 7
The video signal B output of 7b is output to the SW unit 84, and the video signal C output of the encoder circuit 77c is output to the stereoscopic image circuit 85B. The three-dimensional image circuit 85A uses the video signals A and S
The video output signal of the W section 84 is input, and the switching circuit and the liquid crystal driving circuit (not shown) transmit the video output signal to the liquid crystal monitor 93.
A video signal D and a drive signal to a liquid crystal change plate attached to the surface of the monitor 93 are output, and the stereoscopic image circuit 85B
The video signal C and the video output signal of the SW unit 84 are input, and the video signal E and the liquid crystal change board attached to the surface of the monitor 94 are transmitted to the liquid crystal monitor 94 by a switching circuit and a liquid crystal driving circuit (not shown). Is output.

The synchronization signal circuit 82 outputs the vertical synchronization signal V
p is output to the drive circuits 71a, 71b, and 71c, and the drive signal Vt generated at the rising timing of the vertical synchronization signal Vp is used to control the control circuit 81 and the SW unit 84 for controlling the drive of the piezoelectric element 64. The data is output to the SW circuit 83.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the timing chart shown in FIG. Surgical department 11
From the three variable power systems 6 through the objective lens 10.
1a, 61b, 61c and relay lenses 62a, 62b,
By 62c, the light is guided to the solid-state imaging devices 63a, 63b, and 63c, respectively. The solid-state imaging devices 63a and 63c are fixed plates 6
8, the solid-state imaging device 63b is
5, the direction position changes with the rotation. When capturing an observation image, first, the vertical synchronizing signal Vp is supplied from the synchronizing signal circuit 82 to each of the driving circuits 71a, 71b, 71.
c, the solid-state imaging devices 63a, 63b, and 63c take an image of the odd-numbered fields, and the photoelectrically converted signals are output to the amplifier circuits 72a, 72b, and 72c. At this time, the drive signal V is supplied from the synchronization signal circuit 82 to the control circuit 81.
t, the piezoelectric element 64 outputs a piezoelectric element control signal CT to the piezoelectric element 64 at the input timing of the drive signal Vt.
4, the rotary seat 65 is rotated by 90 °, and the directional position of the solid-state image sensor 63b is the same as that of the solid-state image sensor 63a. Then, at the next timing when the drive signal Vt is input, the piezoelectric element 64 is deformed in the reverse direction to rotate the rotary seat 65 in the reverse direction by 90 °.
The rotation control is performed so that the direction position b is the same as the position of the solid-state imaging device 63c, and imaging of the even field is performed at the position. That is, the rotary seat 65 is rotated during the vertical retrace period before the start of imaging, and the solid-state imaging device 63b is positioned in the same direction as the solid-state imaging device 63a in the odd field and in the same direction as the solid-state imaging device 63c in the even field. An image is taken at the position.

The output signals photoelectrically converted by the solid-state imaging devices 63a, 63b, 63c are supplied to amplifier circuits 72a, 72b,
Amplified by 72c, the low-pass filters 73a, 73
b, 73c, the white balance circuits 74a, 74
The white balance is adjusted by b and 74c, the gamma correction is performed by gamma correction circuits 75a, 75b, and 75c, and the luminance signals and the color difference signals are formed by the process circuits 76a, 76b, and 76c, and the encoder circuits 77a and 77b. , 77c
, Video signals A, B, and C are respectively generated.

In the SW circuit 83, a switch signal SW whose state is inverted at the rising timing of the drive signal Vt output from the synchronization signal circuit 82 is generated.
Output to The switch signal SW is in the “High” state in the case of an odd field, and in this state, the SW unit 84 outputs the video signal B to the stereoscopic image circuit 85A. In the case of the even field, the switch signal SW is “High”. Lo
w "state, and the SW unit 84 outputs the video signal B to the stereoscopic image circuit 85B.

In the three-dimensional image circuit 85A, an internal switching circuit (not shown) selects a video output signal from the SW unit 84 in an odd field, and selects a video signal A in an even field to generate a video signal D. The image signal D is displayed on the monitor 93. As described above, the image signal D is an image of the solid-state image sensor 63b, that is, the optical path P in an odd field, and thus becomes a right-eye image when observed on the liquid crystal monitor 93. In the above, the image of the solid-state image sensor 63a, that is, the image of the optical path Q, becomes the left-eye image. Therefore, a liquid crystal monitor 9 is provided for each of the odd and even fields by a liquid crystal driving circuit built in the stereoscopic image circuit 85A.
The liquid crystal deflecting plate provided on the surface of No. 3 is driven to change the deflecting direction, and further, through the deflecting glasses provided with deflecting plates corresponding to the left and right eye lenses (not shown), the operation unit 11 is stereoscopically displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 93. Observable. Similarly, also in the three-dimensional image circuit 85B, a video signal E is generated by a switching circuit (not shown), and when the video signal E is displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 94, the solid-state imaging device 63c, that is, the optical path R
The liquid crystal monitor 94 corresponds to the right eye image and the solid-state image sensor 63b ', that is, the image of the optical path P becomes the left eye image.
The liquid crystal deflecting plate attached to the surface is driven, and a stereoscopic image can be observed on the liquid crystal monitor 93 using deflecting glasses.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the observation optical path is set to three optical paths, and two of
By capturing the observation image from the direction, even when the positions of the two operators or the observers make an angle of 90 ° with respect to the operation site, each of them can appropriately observe a stereoscopic image, and during the operation, Therefore, it is no longer necessary to increase the illumination light, thereby solving various obstacles.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a main part of a mirror body and an electric circuit of the present embodiment, and FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an arrangement position of a solid-state imaging device when the mirror body 99 is viewed from above. The same members as those of the above-described fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In the drawing, similarly to the fourth embodiment, a mirror body 99 is attached to a support arm 56 to which liquid crystal monitors 93 and 94 are attached, as shown in FIG. The objective lens 10 together with the illumination system not to be used, the variable power systems 61a, 61b, 61c and the relay lenses 62a, 62 on the three observation optical paths P, Q, R, respectively.
b, 62c and the solid-state imaging devices 101, 100, 102 are arranged. Note that the direction position of the solid-state image sensor 102 is 90 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the direction position of the solid-state image sensor 101.
° arranged in a rotated orientation.

The solid-state image pickup devices 101 and 102 have m
(Vertical) × n (horizontal) pixels, solid-state imaging device 100
Is composed of image sensors of n (vertical) × n (horizontal) pixels, and R.F. G. FIG. The B mosaic filter is fixed. The solid-state imaging devices 101, 100, and 102 include a driving circuit 71a,
The photoelectric conversion is performed in accordance with the drive signals output from 104 and 71c, and the signals are output to the amplifier circuits 72a, 105 and 72c as image information signals. Each signal is further processed by a low-pass filter 73a, 73b, 73c, a white balance circuit 74a, 74b, 74c, a gamma correction circuit 75a, 75b,
75c, process circuits 76a, 76b, 76c, and encoder circuits 77a, 77b, 77c perform image processing to generate video signals A, F, and C.

The output of the video signal F from the encoder circuit 77b is sent to the memory 10 via the A / D conversion circuits 109 and 110.
The video signal F is output to the memory 106 via a read circuit 108 including a reset circuit and a D / A conversion circuit and a memory storing a read address (not shown). Similarly, the memory 105 outputs the video signal F as a video signal F2 via a read circuit 107 including a reset circuit and a D / A conversion circuit and a memory storing a read address (not shown). The signal is output to the stereoscopic image circuit 85B.

The three-dimensional image circuit 85A is composed of a switching circuit and a liquid crystal deflecting plate driving circuit (not shown), and generates a three-dimensional image signal by correcting the synchronization of the video signal F1 and the video signal A input to the circuit. Is output to a liquid crystal monitor 93 provided with a liquid crystal deflector on the surface. Similarly, the stereoscopic image circuit 85B corrects the synchronization of the video signal F2 and the video signal C input to the circuit to generate a stereoscopic image signal,
The data is output to a liquid crystal monitor 94 provided with a liquid crystal deflecting plate on the surface.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the memory configuration diagram shown in FIG. Observation light from the operative section 11 passes through the objective lens 10 to three zooming systems 61a,
61b, 61c and relay lenses 62a, 62b, 62c
, The vertical synchronizing signal Vp is first output from the synchronizing signal circuit 82 to each of the driving circuits 71a, 104, and 71c when the observation image is taken, and the solid-state imaging devices 101, 100, and 102 are output. , 102, and the signals that have been photoelectrically converted are amplified by the amplifier circuits 72a, 72a, 10a.
3, 72c. Further, image processing is performed through the above-described low-pass filter, white balance circuit, gamma correction circuit, process circuit, and encoder circuit, and video signals A, F, and C are respectively generated.

The video signal F output from the encoder circuit 77b is A / D-converted by A / D conversion circuits 109 and 110 and stored in memories 105 and 106 as shown in FIG.
Each is stored in a data area of n pixels. Readout circuit 108
Reads the data stored in the memory 106. At this time, the reading circuit 108 reads the data on the memory shown in FIG. 18 according to the read address of the memory (not shown) storing the read address. From point x (g + 1,1) to (g + 1,
2), ... (g + 1, n), (g + 2,1), ...
Since (g + m, n-1) and (g + m, n) are sequentially read, the video signal F1 generated by performing D / A conversion on the read data is the same as the video signal A imaged and generated by the solid-state imaging device 101. It becomes an observation image from the direction. Further, the read circuit 107 converts the data stored in the memory 105 according to the read address of the memory storing the read address.
(N−1, g + 1),... (1, g + 1), (n,
g + 2),... (2, g + m), (1, g + m) are sequentially read out, D / A converted, and become an observation image from the same direction as the video signal C imaged and generated by the solid-state imaging device 102. The video signal F2 is generated. The read circuit 10
Numerals 8 and 107 clear the data in the memories 106 and 105 by a built-in reset circuit after reading of data of all addresses is completed.

In the three-dimensional image circuit 85A, an internal switching circuit (not shown) corrects the synchronization between the input signal video signal F1 and the video signal A, generates a three-dimensional image signal, and outputs the three-dimensional image signal to the liquid crystal monitor 93. The circuit drives a liquid crystal deflecting plate attached to the surface of the liquid crystal monitor 93 to change the deflecting direction, and further passes through a non-illustrated deflecting glasses to display the image signal A on the optical path Q and the image signal F1 on the optical path P on the liquid crystal monitor 93. Is guided according to the left and right eyes of the observer, and the stereoscopic image of the operative part 11 can be observed. Similarly, also in the stereoscopic image circuit 85B, the liquid crystal monitor 94 guides the video signal F2 of the optical path P and the video signal C of the optical path R in correspondence with the left and right eyes of the observer, and observes the stereoscopic image of the operation unit 11. Becomes possible.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the observation optical path is set to three optical paths, and the observation images from two directions whose image directional positions are different by signal processing from the observation image captured in one of the shared optical paths. Thus, not only the two operators or observers can observe the stereoscopic image properly even if the positions of the two operators are different from each other, but also mechanically drive the solid-state imaging device as shown in the fourth embodiment. There is no need for any means for performing such operations. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the illumination light during the operation, and all the circuit units can be stored in the gantry, so that the mirror unit is downsized and the working area of the operator can be secured more widely, thereby achieving a smooth progress of the operation. It becomes possible.

As described above, the surgical microscope according to the present invention
According to the microscope using the image sensor, at least
In the direction where two observers face the same observation target,
Even when observing from different directions,
Make sure that the observation directions are the same and observe from the proper direction.
Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a mirror portion of a first embodiment of an operating microscope according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electric circuit according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an entire second embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a main part of an electric circuit according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a mirror section of a third embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a view showing a display direction of the monitor of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an electric circuit according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the entire fourth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a main block diagram of a mirror body and an electric circuit according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13A is a schematic plan view of a mirror body according to a fourth embodiment. (B) It is the same sectional view along the II-II line of Drawing 13 (A).

FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of a rotary seat according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a timing chart showing signal processing in a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a main part block diagram of a mirror body and an electric circuit of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic plan view of a mirror body according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram of a memory according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an optical system of a conventional surgical microscope.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing another optical system of a conventional surgical microscope.

FIG. 21 is a view showing still another optical system of a conventional operating microscope.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1 ', 46 Liquid crystal circular deflecting plate 2,2', 42,93,94 Liquid crystal monitor 6,6 ', 60,99 Mirror 7a, 7a' R image sensor 7b, 7b 'G image sensor 7c, 7c' B imaging device 8, 8 'Color separation prism 9, 9', 61a, 61b, 61c Magnification system 10 Objective lens 11 Operative part 12, 12 'Camera control unit 15 Stereoscopic video signal converter 16, 16' Signal configuration circuit 17 , 17 'stereoscopic video signal conversion circuit 18 image distribution circuit 19 frame memory 22a, 22a' R imaging unit 22b, 22b 'G imaging unit 22c, 22c' B imaging unit 30, 30 'observation unit 62a, 62b, 62c relay lens 63a , 63b, 63c, 100, 101, 102
Solid-state imaging device 64 Piezoelectric device 85A, 85B Stereoscopic image circuit 105, 106 Memory 107, 108 Readout circuit

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Asan Ishikawa 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Inside Olympus Optical Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takushi Saito 43-2-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Inside (72) Inventor Masami Hamada 24-2-3 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toyoji Harizawa 43-2-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Corporation (72) Inventor Shin-ichi Nakamura 2 43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Fujiwara 2 43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Corporation (56) reference Patent Sho 57-150950 (JP, a) JP Akira 62-262820 (JP, a) Tokuoyake Akira 42-9421 (JP, B1) (58 ) investigated the field (Int.Cl. ⁷ G02B 21/36 A61B 19/00 G02B 21/22 H04N 5/225

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A surgical microscope observable by a plurality of observers.
In the microscope, at least a first image capturing an image of the observation target site and outputting a first image capturing signal
And the object-to-be-observed part at a different position from the first image-capturing means.
Imaging means for imaging a position and outputting a second imaging signal
Based on the first imaging signal from the first imaging means.
A video signal for generating and outputting a predetermined first video signal
Generating means , based on the second imaging signal from the second imaging means,
A video signal for generating and outputting a predetermined second video signal
A first observer's right eye based on the generating means and the first video signal;
To display the first video to be viewed on the first display unit
In addition, based on the second video signal, the first observer's left
Displaying a second image for visual observation on the second display unit
First display means, and displaying on the first display unit based on the first video signal.
A second observer in which the first image is inverted upside down
A third image for observation with the left eye of the user is displayed on the third display unit.
And based on the second video signal,
The second image displayed on the display unit 2
Also, a fourth image for observation with the right eye of the second observer
A fourth display unit is provided so as to face the first display means.
And a second display means disposed thereon . 2. A surgical microscope observable by a plurality of observers.
First imaging for imaging an observation target part in at least a predetermined first direction with a microscope
Means for observing in a predetermined second direction different from the first direction
A second imaging unit for imaging the target site, and a direction in which the observation target site is imaged is referred to as the first direction.
A third imaging unit capable of switching to the second direction, and a switch for switching an imaging direction by the third imaging unit.
Switching means, an imaging signal from the third imaging means, and the first imaging
A first stereoscopic video signal based on the imaging signal from the means;
A first video signal generating means for outputting an image signal, an imaging signal from the third imaging means,
A predetermined second stereoscopic video signal based on the imaging signal from the means.
Second video signal generating means for outputting a signal, and the first stereoscopic video from the first video signal generating means.
And inputting a first signal based on the first stereoscopic video signal.
First display means for displaying a body image in the first direction
And the second stereoscopic video from the second video signal generating means.
And inputting a second signal based on the second stereoscopic video signal.
Second display means for displaying a body image in the second direction
And displaying the first stereoscopic video on the first display means.
Image in the first direction, and the image is displayed on the second display means.
The second direction when displaying the second stereoscopic image;
The switching control of the switching means is performed so that the image is picked up by
And a switching control unit .